JP7420673B2 - Fresh concrete air amount measuring device and fresh concrete air amount measuring method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a fresh concrete air amount measuring device that calculates the air amount of fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure based on information obtained from a pressure passage through which fresh concrete (ready-mixed concrete) is being pumped; and a method for measuring the amount of air in fresh concrete.

Fresh concrete shipped from the factory is sampled and inspected for quality control at the site where it is unloaded from the agitator truck. Recently, various techniques have been proposed to facilitate such inspections for quality control.
For example, Patent Document 1 proposes an apparatus that can measure the moisture content of fresh concrete without taking a sample.

Specifically, the device of Patent Document 1 irradiates neutron beams and gamma rays from the outer peripheral surface of a pipe through which fresh concrete is pumped, and calculates the unit water volume based on the attenuation rate of neutron beams and the attenuation rate of gamma rays. This is used to measure the moisture content of fresh concrete.
As a result, the device of Patent Document 1 can continuously measure the moisture content without taking samples, so it is said that, for example, it is possible to easily inspect the entire amount of fresh concrete being poured. .

By the way, as one of the inspections at the time of unloading fresh concrete, there is measurement of the amount of air in fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure. This air amount measurement is carried out in accordance with the Japanese Industrial Standards JISA1128, ``Test method for air amount of fresh concrete by pressure - Air chamber pressure method'', and JISA 1116, ``Test method for unit volume mass of fresh concrete, and test by mass of air amount. method (mass method)”.

However, the method of measuring air content according to Japanese Industrial Standards requires taking a sample, which not only requires time and effort, but also requires continuous measurement of air content under atmospheric pressure in fresh concrete. The problem was that I couldn't do it.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 7-52143

In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a fresh concrete air amount measuring device and a fresh concrete air amount measuring method that can continuously measure the air amount of fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure without taking samples. The purpose is to provide.

The present invention is a fresh concrete air amount measuring device that measures the amount of air in fresh concrete, and includes a pressure measuring means for measuring the pressure inside a pipe of a pressure passage through which the fresh concrete is pumped, and a pressure measuring device for measuring the amount of air in fresh concrete under the pressure inside the pipe. a unit mass measuring means for measuring the unit volume mass of the pipe, the unit volume mass of the fresh concrete under the pipe pressure, the unit volume mass of the fresh concrete not containing air calculated in advance, and the The present invention is characterized by comprising an air amount calculation means for calculating the amount of air in fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure.

The above-mentioned pressure feed path refers to piping, hoses, etc. that serve as a route from the part where fresh concrete starts being pumped by a pump etc. to the opening where it is discharged to the outside.
The above-mentioned pressure measuring means refers to, for example, a pressure gauge that measures the pressure inside the pipe of the pressure-feeding path, or a means that calculates the pressure inside the pipe based on the oil pressure of a pump for pumping fresh concrete.
The unit mass measuring means is a means for irradiating radiation such as gamma rays toward the fresh concrete and measuring the unit volume mass based on the attenuation rate of the radiation transmitted through the fresh concrete, or a means for irradiating sound waves toward the fresh concrete, It refers to a means of measuring unit volume mass based on the velocity of sound waves transmitted through fresh concrete.

According to the present invention, the fresh concrete air amount measuring device collects a sample to measure the air amount of fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure, based on information obtained from the pumping path through which the fresh concrete is pumped, for example. It can be calculated without having to

Furthermore, the fresh concrete air content measuring device can obtain the information necessary to measure the air content of fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure in a much shorter time interval than when collecting samples. .
Thereby, the fresh concrete air amount measuring device can easily perform a total air amount test under atmospheric pressure in fresh concrete to be poured.

As an aspect of the present invention, the air amount calculation means may be configured to calculate the air amount of the fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure based on the following formula.

この構成によれば、フレッシュコンクリートの空気量測定装置は、複雑な演算を用いることなく、フレッシュコンクリートの大気圧下での空気量を算出することができる。このため、フレッシュコンクリートの空気量測定装置は、フレッシュコンクリートの大気圧下での空気量を、より短い時間間隔で連続して算出することができる。

According to this configuration, the fresh concrete air amount measuring device can calculate the air amount of fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure without using complicated calculations. Therefore, the fresh concrete air amount measuring device can continuously calculate the air amount of fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure at shorter time intervals.

Further, as an aspect of the present invention, unit mass estimating means is provided for calculating an estimated unit volume mass of fresh concrete that does not contain air, and the air amount calculating means is configured to calculate an in-pipe pressure close to atmospheric pressure and an in-pipe pressure close to atmospheric pressure. The amount of air in the fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure may be calculated based on the unit volume mass of the fresh concrete under pressure and the estimated unit volume mass of the fresh concrete not containing air.

According to this configuration, the fresh concrete air amount measuring device can more accurately calculate the air amount of fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure without adding a new measuring means.
Specifically, by calculating the estimated unit volume mass of fresh concrete that does not contain air, the fresh concrete air amount measurement device can calculate the estimated unit volume mass of fresh concrete that does not contain air as a value that is more accurate than the theoretically calculated value. The estimated unit volume mass of can be obtained at each measurement timing.

The fresh concrete air amount measuring device can accurately calculate the air amount of fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure by using the estimated unit volume mass of fresh concrete that does not contain air.

Furthermore, in the unit volume mass of fresh concrete under pipe pressure, the closer the pipe pressure is to atmospheric pressure, the more likely the difference in air content will appear. Therefore, by using the pipe pressure close to atmospheric pressure and the unit volume mass of fresh concrete under pipe pressure close to atmospheric pressure, the fresh concrete air amount measuring device can measure the air content of fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure. The amount can be calculated more accurately.

Further, as an aspect of the present invention, a pressurized air amount estimating means is provided for calculating the air amount of fresh concrete under the highest pipe pressure based on the following formula,

前記単位質量推定手段は、前記空気を含まないフレッシュコンクリートの推定単位容積質量を、下式に基づいて算出する構成であってもよい。

The unit mass estimating means may be configured to calculate the estimated unit volume mass of the air-free fresh concrete based on the following formula.

この構成によれば、フレッシュコンクリートの空気量測定装置は、複雑な演算を用いることなく、最も高い管内圧力下でのフレッシュコンクリートの空気量と、空気を含まないフレッシュコンクリートの推定単位容積質量とを算出することができる。このため、フレッシュコンクリートの空気量測定装置は、フレッシュコンクリートの大気圧下での空気量を、より短い時間間隔で連続して算出することができる。

According to this configuration, the fresh concrete air amount measuring device can measure the air amount of fresh concrete under the highest pipe pressure and the estimated unit volume mass of fresh concrete without air, without using complicated calculations. It can be calculated. Therefore, the fresh concrete air amount measuring device can continuously calculate the air amount of fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure at shorter time intervals.

The present invention also provides a fresh concrete air content measuring method for measuring the air content of fresh concrete, which includes a pressure measurement step of measuring the pressure inside a pipe of a pressure passage through which the fresh concrete is pumped, and A unit mass measurement step of measuring the unit volume mass of fresh concrete, the pressure inside the pipe, the unit volume mass of fresh concrete under the pressure inside the pipe, and the pre-calculated unit volume mass of fresh concrete that does not contain air. , an air amount calculation step of calculating the air amount of the fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure.

According to the present invention, the method for measuring the amount of air in fresh concrete includes, for example, collecting a sample to measure the amount of air in fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure based on information obtained from a pumping path through which fresh concrete is pumped. It can be calculated without having to

Furthermore, the method for measuring air content in fresh concrete can obtain the information necessary to measure the air content in fresh concrete at atmospheric pressure in a much shorter time interval than when collecting samples. .
As a result, the method for measuring the amount of air in fresh concrete can easily perform a total air amount test under atmospheric pressure in fresh concrete to be placed.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a fresh concrete air amount measuring device and a fresh concrete air amount measuring method that can continuously measure the air amount of fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure without taking a sample.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of a fresh concrete air amount measuring device. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the internal configuration of the fresh concrete air amount measuring device. 1 is a flowchart showing processing operations in the fresh concrete air amount measuring device. A relationship diagram showing the relationship between pipe internal pressure and unit volume mass of ready-mixed concrete. 7 is a flowchart showing processing operations in the fresh concrete air amount measuring device of Example 2. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the outline of maximum internal pipe pressure and minimum internal pipe pressure. FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of a fresh concrete air amount measuring device in another embodiment.

An embodiment of this invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

The fresh concrete air amount measuring device in this embodiment is a device that calculates the air amount of fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure based on information obtained from the piping of the concrete pump truck through which the fresh concrete is being pumped. . Such a fresh concrete air amount measuring device 1 will be explained using FIGS. 1 to 3.
Note that FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of the fresh concrete air amount measuring device 1, FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of the fresh concrete air amount measuring device 1, and FIG. 3 shows the processing operation in the fresh concrete air amount measuring device 1. Flowchart is shown.

First, as shown in FIG. 1, fresh concrete C is flowing inside a pipe H connected to a hopper of a concrete pump vehicle. The fresh concrete C is pumped by a pump (piston type or squeeze type) of a concrete pump truck.

The fresh concrete air amount measuring device 1 is configured to start various processing operations upon receiving an operation from a worker.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the fresh concrete air amount measuring device 1 includes a pressure gauge 2 attached to a pipe H, a gamma ray density meter 3, and a notification unit that notifies quality abnormalities in fresh concrete C. 4, and a device main body 10 that controls these operations.
Note that the pressure gauge 2 and the gamma ray density meter 3 are preferably arranged on the pipe H near the pump.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the pressure gauge 2 is installed in a mounting hole (numerical symbol omitted) provided in the piping H so that its tip is exposed inside the piping H, and the pressure gauge 2 is connected to the main body 10 of the device with electricity. connected. This pressure gauge 2 has a function of detecting the internal pressure of the pipe H (hereinafter referred to as pipe internal pressure) and a function of outputting information indicating the detected pipe internal pressure to the apparatus main body 10.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the gamma ray densitometer 3 is composed of a radiation source section 3a and a detection section 3b, which are arranged opposite to each other with the axial center of the pipe H in between. connected.
The radiation source section 3a has a function of irradiating gamma rays toward the ready-mixed concrete C within the pipe H.

On the other hand, the detection unit 3b calculates the density (unit volume mass) of the ready-mixed concrete based on a mechanical part that detects gamma rays that have passed through the piping H and the ready-mixed concrete C, and the attenuation rate of the detected gamma-rays, and calculates the density (unit volume mass) of the ready-mixed concrete. and a mechanical part that outputs information indicating the density (unit volume mass) of the device to the main body 10 of the device. The detection unit 3b detects gamma rays and calculates the unit volume mass of fresh concrete according to instructions from the apparatus main body 10.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the notification section 4 is composed of, for example, a lamp and a speaker, and is electrically connected to the main body 10 of the apparatus. This notification unit 4 has a function of notifying a quality abnormality of the ready-mixed concrete C based on a notification signal from the device main body 10 when the amount of air in the ready-mixed concrete C under atmospheric pressure exceeds the permissible range. There is.

For example, in the case of the notification unit 4 made up of a lamp, the notification unit 4 notifies the quality abnormality of the ready-mixed concrete C by lighting up based on the notification signal. Alternatively, in the case of the notification unit 4 including a speaker, the notification unit 4 notifies the quality abnormality of the ready-mixed concrete C by outputting audio guidance.

As shown in FIG. 2, the device main body 10 also controls a display section 11, an operation section 12, a storage section 13, a density meter connection section 14, a pressure gauge connection section 15, a notification output section 16, and their operations. It is composed of a control section 17.

The display unit 11 is composed of a liquid crystal display or the like, and has a function of displaying various information. Note that the display unit 11 displays, for example, an input screen prompting input of various information, a screen showing temporal changes in air amount, a screen showing notification of quality abnormality, and the like.
The operation unit 12 is composed of a keyboard or the like, and has a function of accepting input operations by an operator and a function of outputting information indicating the received input contents to the control unit 17.

The storage unit 13 is composed of a hard disk or a nonvolatile memory, and has a function of writing and storing various information and a function of reading various information. This storage unit 13 stores the unit volume mass of the ready-mixed concrete C calculated in advance assuming that it does not contain any air, the permissible range of the air amount as the air amount threshold, various processing execution programs, and input by the operator. It memorizes various parameters etc.

Note that the unit volume mass of the ready-mixed concrete C, which has been calculated in advance on the assumption that it does not contain any air, is calculated for each of the various mixes of the ready-mixed concrete C based on the method specified in the Japanese Industrial Standards. In addition, the permissible range of the air amount, which is the threshold value of the air amount, is set in accordance with the Japanese Industrial Standards for each type of mix of ready-mixed concrete.

The densitometer connection part 14 is a part to which the gamma ray densitometer 3 is electrically connected. This density meter connection unit 14 has a function of outputting various signals to the gamma ray densitometer 3, a function of receiving input of information indicating the density (unit volume mass) of the ready-mixed concrete outputted by the gamma ray densitometer 3, and a function of receiving the input of information indicating the density (unit volume mass) of the fresh concrete output by the gamma ray densitometer 3. It has a function of outputting information indicating the density (unit volume mass) of concrete to the control unit 17.

The pressure gauge connection part 15 is a part to which the pressure gauge 2 is electrically connected. The pressure gauge connection unit 15 has a function of receiving input of information indicating the pressure inside the pipe outputted by the pressure gauge 2, and a function of outputting information indicating the acquired pressure inside the pipe to the control unit 17.
The notification output section 16 is a part to which the notification section 4 is electrically connected. The notification output section 16 has a function of outputting a notification signal to the notification section 4 according to instructions from the control section 17 .

The control unit 17 includes, for example, hardware such as a CPU and memory, and software such as a control program. This control unit 17 has processing functions related to sending and receiving various signals with the pressure gauge 2, gamma ray density meter 3, and notification unit 4, and various processing functions related to calculating the amount of air in fresh concrete, through a predetermined bus. It has the function of controlling the operation of each connected part.

Next, in the fresh concrete air amount measuring device 1 having the above-described configuration, a processing operation when pressure feeding of fresh concrete C is started by an operation by an operator will be described using FIG. 3.
In addition, once pressure feeding of the fresh concrete C is started, the pressure gauge 2 constantly monitors the pressure inside the pipe H and continuously outputs information indicating the pressure inside the pipe to the main body 10 of the apparatus.

When air volume measurement is started by an input operation by the worker who has confirmed the start of pumping of fresh concrete C, the control unit 17 of the device main body 10 issues a measurement start signal to start measuring the attenuation rate of gamma rays, as shown in FIG. is output to the gamma ray densitometer 3 (step S101).
At this time, the gamma ray densitometer 3 starts measuring the attenuation rate of gamma rays and calculating the unit volume mass of the ready-mixed concrete C based on the measurement start signal.

After outputting the measurement start signal, the control unit 17 determines whether or not information indicating the pipe internal pressure and information indicating the unit volume mass of the ready-mixed concrete C have been acquired, as shown in FIG. 3 (step S102).
When the information indicating the pipe internal pressure and the information indicating the unit volume mass of the ready-mixed concrete C are acquired (step S102: Yes), the control unit 17 sets the information indicating the pipe internal pressure to the unit volume of the ready-mixed concrete C as the pipe internal pressure P1. Information indicating the mass is temporarily stored as a unit volume mass M1 of fresh concrete under the pipe pressure P1 (step S103).

Thereafter, the control unit 17 calculates the air amount A0 of the ready-mixed concrete under atmospheric pressure based on the pipe internal pressure P1 and the unit volume mass M1 of the ready-mixed concrete under the pipe internal pressure P1 (step S104).

Specifically, the control unit 17 reads from the storage unit 13 information indicating the unit volume mass of the ready-mixed concrete C, which has been calculated in advance on the assumption that it does not contain any air, and calculates the unit volume of the ready-mixed concrete containing no air. Temporarily store as mass T.
Thereafter, the control unit 17 calculates the air amount A0 of fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure based on the following equation 1.

生コンクリートの大気圧下での空気量Ａ０を算出すると、制御部１７は、空気量の閾値となる空気量の許容範囲を記憶部１３から読み出して、生コンクリートの大気圧下での空気量Ａ０が、空気量の許容範囲内か否かを判定する（ステップＳ１０５）。

After calculating the air amount A0 of fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure, the control unit 17 reads out the allowable range of air amount that is the threshold value of air amount from the storage unit 13, and calculates the air amount A0 of fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure. It is determined whether or not the amount of air is within an allowable range (step S105).

If the air amount A0 of the ready-mixed concrete under atmospheric pressure is within the allowable air amount range (step S105: Yes), the control unit 17 returns the process to step S101, and pressurizes the ready-mixed concrete C by the operator's operation. The processes from step S101 to step S106, which will be described later, are repeated until the process stops.

On the other hand, in step S105, if the air amount A0 of fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure is not within the allowable air amount range (step S105: No), the control unit 17 starts error processing (step S106).

For example, the control unit 17 outputs a stop signal to a device that controls the operation of the pump to stop the pumping of the ready-mixed concrete C, and also outputs a notification signal to the notification unit 4 to indicate that the quality of the ready-mixed concrete C is abnormal. be announced.
In this case, the control unit 17 outputs a notification signal to the notification unit 4 until it receives a stop operation by the operator, and when the stop operation is received, the process ends.

Further, in step S102 of FIG. 3, if the information indicating the pipe internal pressure and the information indicating the unit volume mass of the ready-mixed concrete C have not been acquired (step S102: No), the control unit 17 returns the process to step S101. Then, the system waits until information indicating the pipe internal pressure and information indicating the unit volume mass of the ready-mixed concrete C are obtained.

Next, Equation 1 for calculating the air amount A0 of fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure will be explained in detail. This equation 1 is obtained as follows.
First, according to JISA1116 "Test method for unit volume mass of fresh concrete and test method based on mass of air content (mass method)", the unit volume mass of concrete that does not contain air is T, and the unit volume of concrete as a sample is It is calculated by the air amount A of concrete = {(TM)/T}×100, where M is the mass.

Then, if the unit volume mass of fresh concrete under pipe pressure P1 is M1, the air amount A1 of fresh concrete under pipe pressure P1 is calculated as A1={(T-M1)/T}×100. be able to. Furthermore, since the air amount A1 of the fresh concrete under the pipe pressure P1 is calculated as the air content, the following relationship of Equation 2 holds true.

この式２を変形して整えると、次の式３が得られる。

By transforming and arranging this equation 2, the following equation 3 is obtained.

ここで、大気圧をＰ０とし、大気圧Ｐ０下での空気の容積をＶ２とすると、ボイルの法則により、次の式４が得られる。

Here, when atmospheric pressure is P0 and the volume of air under atmospheric pressure P0 is V2, the following equation 4 is obtained according to Boyle's law.

さらに、生コンクリートの大気圧下での空気量Ａ０は、上述の式２と同様の理由により、次の式５で算出できる。

Further, the air amount A0 of fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure can be calculated using the following equation 5 for the same reason as equation 2 above.

この式５に、式３のＶｃ、及び式４のＶ２を代入することで、実施例１は、上述した式１を得ることができる。
このようにして得た上述の式１を用いることで、実施例１は、生コンクリートＣが圧送されている配管Ｈから得られた情報から、生コンクリートの大気圧下での空気量Ａ０を算出している。

By substituting Vc in Equation 3 and V2 in Equation 4 into Equation 5, Example 1 can obtain Equation 1 described above.
By using the above-mentioned formula 1 obtained in this way, Example 1 calculates the air amount A0 of the ready-mixed concrete under atmospheric pressure from the information obtained from the pipe H through which the ready-mixed concrete C is pumped. are doing.

As described above, the fresh concrete air amount measuring device 1 that measures the air amount of fresh concrete C is equipped with the pressure gauge 2 that measures the internal pressure P1 of the pipe H through which the fresh concrete C is pumped.
Furthermore, the fresh concrete air amount measuring device 1 includes a gamma ray densitometer 3 that measures the unit volume mass M1 of fresh concrete under the pipe pressure P1.

Then, the fresh concrete air amount measuring device 1 calculates, based on the pipe pressure P1, the unit volume mass M1 of the fresh concrete under the pipe pressure P1, and the pre-calculated unit volume mass T of the fresh concrete that does not contain air. This apparatus includes a control section 17 of the apparatus main body 10 that calculates the air amount A0 of fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure.

Therefore, the fresh concrete air amount measuring device 1 measures the air amount A0 of fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure without taking a sample, based on the information obtained from the pipe H through which the fresh concrete C is pumped. It can be calculated.

Furthermore, the fresh concrete air amount measuring device 1 can acquire the information necessary to measure the air amount A0 of fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure at a much shorter time interval than when collecting a sample. I can do it.
Thereby, the fresh concrete air amount measuring device 1 can easily perform a total air amount test under atmospheric pressure in fresh concrete C to be placed.

Further, the control unit 17 is configured to calculate the air amount A0 of fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure based on the above-mentioned formula 1.
According to this configuration, the fresh concrete air amount measuring device 1 can calculate the air amount A0 of fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure without using complicated calculations. Therefore, the fresh concrete air amount measuring device 1 can continuously calculate the air amount A0 of fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure at shorter time intervals.

In addition, in the fresh concrete air amount measuring method for measuring the air amount of fresh concrete C, first, a pressure measurement step is performed to measure the internal pressure P1 of the pipe H through which the fresh concrete C is pumped.
After that, the method for measuring the amount of air in fresh concrete performs a unit mass measurement step of measuring the unit volume mass M1 of the fresh concrete under the pipe pressure P1.

The method for measuring the amount of air in fresh concrete is based on the pipe pressure P1, the unit volume mass M1 of fresh concrete under the pipe pressure P1, and the pre-calculated unit volume mass T of fresh concrete that does not contain air. This is an air amount calculation step that calculates the air amount A0 of concrete under atmospheric pressure.

Therefore, the method for measuring the amount of air in fresh concrete is to calculate the amount of air A0 in fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure without taking a sample, based on information obtained from pipe H through which fresh concrete C is pumped. can do.

Furthermore, the method for measuring the air content of fresh concrete makes it possible to obtain the information necessary to measure the air content A0 of fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure in a much shorter time interval than when collecting samples. can.
Thereby, the method for measuring the amount of air in fresh concrete can easily perform a total amount of air amount test under atmospheric pressure in fresh concrete C to be poured.

In the second embodiment, a processing operation that allows more accurate calculation of the air amount A0 of fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6.
In addition, FIG. 4 shows a relationship diagram between the pipe pressure P1 and the unit volume mass M1 of fresh concrete, FIG. 5 shows a flowchart of the processing operation in the fresh concrete air amount measuring device 1 of Example 2, and FIG. An explanatory diagram of the pipe internal pressure Pmax and the minimum pipe internal pressure Pmin is shown.
Further, the same configurations as those in the first embodiment described above are given the same reference numerals, and detailed explanation thereof will be omitted.

First, the relationship between the pipe internal pressure P1 and the unit volume mass M1 of fresh concrete under the pipe internal pressure P1 will be explained using FIG. 4.
In addition, in FIG. 4, the horizontal axis is the pipe internal pressure P1, and the vertical axis is the unit volumetric mass M1 of fresh concrete, and the change in the unit volumetric mass M1 of fresh concrete with respect to the pipe internal pressure P1 is expressed as the air amount A= It is shown in increments of 3.0%, 4.5%, and 6.0%.

The relationship between the pipe pressure P1 and the unit volume mass M1 of ready-mixed concrete is as shown in FIG. It can be seen that it is easy to see the difference in A.

On the other hand, as the pipe internal pressure P1 increases, the unit volume mass M1 of fresh concrete at the pipe internal pressure P1 increases with air content A=3.0%, 4.5%, and 6.0%. It can be seen that the mass of fresh concrete approaches the unit volume mass T of fresh concrete that does not contain , and approaches a substantially constant value.

By the way, it is known that the unit volume mass T of fresh concrete that does not contain air is easily influenced by the density of cement and aggregate. Therefore, when the pipe pressure P1 is high, there is a possibility that the difference between the unit volume mass T of fresh concrete that does not contain air and the actual value becomes larger than when the pipe pressure P1 is low. In this case, there was a risk that a large error would occur in the calculated air amount A0 of fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure.

Therefore, in Example 2, the unit volumetric mass of fresh concrete that does not contain air is estimated based on the pipe internal pressure P1 acquired by the control unit 17 and the unit volumetric mass M1 of the ready-mixed concrete at the pipe internal pressure P1. By replacing this with T in Equation 1, the air amount A0 of fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure is calculated.

To be more specific, when the air volume measurement is started by the operator's input operation, the control unit 17 of the device main body 10 sends a measurement start signal to start measuring the attenuation rate of gamma rays to the gamma ray density meter, as shown in FIG. 3 (step S201). At this time, the gamma ray densitometer 3 starts measuring the attenuation rate of gamma rays and calculating the unit volume mass of the ready-mixed concrete C based on the measurement start signal.
It is assumed that the pressure gauge 2 constantly monitors the pressure inside the pipe H and continuously outputs information indicating the pressure inside the pipe to the main body 10, as in the first embodiment.

After outputting the measurement start signal, the control unit 17 determines whether or not information indicating the pipe internal pressure and information indicating the unit volume mass of the ready-mixed concrete C have been acquired, as shown in FIG. 5 (step S202).
When the information indicating the pipe internal pressure and the information indicating the unit volume mass of the ready-mixed concrete C are acquired (step S202: Yes), the control unit 17 moves to step S203, as shown in FIG. and the unit volume mass of fresh concrete under pipe pressure is temporarily stored (step S203).

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, the control unit 17 acquires information indicating a relatively high pressure inside the pipe as the maximum pressure Pmax among the pressure inside the pipe that pulsates due to the operation of the pump, and sets the pressure to a relatively atmospheric pressure. The information indicating the pipe pressure close to is stored as the minimum pipe pressure Pmin.
At this time, it is desirable that the control unit 17 stores the highest pipe pressure P1 as the maximum pipe pressure Pmax, and stores the pipe pressure P1 as close as possible to atmospheric pressure as the minimum pipe pressure Pmin.

Further, the control unit 17 stores information indicating the unit volumetric mass of the ready-mixed concrete C at the maximum pipe pressure Pmax as the unit volumetric mass Mpmax of the ready-mixed concrete at the maximum pipe pressure Pmax.
In addition, the control unit 17 stores information indicating the unit volume mass of the ready-mixed concrete C at the minimum pipe pressure Pmin as the unit volume mass Mpmin of the ready-mixed concrete at the minimum pipe pressure Pmin.

Thereafter, the control unit 17 controls the air in the fresh concrete under the maximum pipe pressure Pmax based on the temporarily stored pipe pressure (Pmax, Pmin) and the unit volume mass of the ready concrete under the pipe pressure (Mpmax, Mpmin). An estimated value of the amount Apmax is calculated (step S204).
Specifically, the control unit 17 calculates the air amount Apmax of fresh concrete under the maximum pipe pressure Pmax based on the following equation 6.

なお、この式６は、実施例１における式１のＴを最大管内圧力Ｐｍａｘでの生コンクリートの単位容積質量Ｍｐｍａｘに、式１のＰ１を最小管内圧力Ｐｍｉｎに置き換えるとともに、式１のＭ１を最小管内圧力Ｐｍｉｎでの生コンクリートの単位容積質量Ｍｐｍｉｎに、式１のＰ０を最大管内圧力Ｐｍａｘに置き換えたものである。

In this equation 6, T in equation 1 in Example 1 is replaced with the unit volume mass Mpmax of fresh concrete at the maximum pipe pressure Pmax, P1 in equation 1 is replaced with the minimum pipe pressure Pmin, and M1 in equation 1 is replaced with the minimum pipe pressure Pmin. P0 in Equation 1 is replaced by the maximum pipe pressure Pmax in the unit volume mass Mpmin of fresh concrete at the pipe pressure Pmin.

After calculating the air amount Apmax of the fresh concrete at the maximum pipe pressure Pmax, the control unit 17 calculates the estimated unit volume mass Te of the fresh concrete that does not contain air (step S205).
Specifically, the control unit 17 calculates the estimated unit volume mass Te of fresh concrete that does not contain air based on the following equation 7.

その後、制御部１７は、生コンクリートの大気圧下での空気量Ａ０を、次の式８に基づいて算出する（ステップＳ２０６）。

After that, the control unit 17 calculates the air amount A0 of fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure based on the following equation 8 (step S206).

なお、この式８は、実施例１における式１のＴを、空気を含まない生コンクリートの推定単位容積質量Ｔｅに、式１のＰ１を最小管内圧力Ｐｍｉｎに置き換えるとともに、式１のＭ１を最小管内圧力Ｐｍｉｎでの生コンクリートの単位容積質量Ｍｐｍｉｎに置き換えたものである。

In this equation 8, T in equation 1 in Example 1 is replaced with the estimated unit volume mass Te of fresh concrete that does not contain air, P1 in equation 1 is replaced with the minimum pipe internal pressure Pmin, and M1 in equation 1 is replaced with the minimum pipe pressure Pmin. This is replaced with the unit volume mass Mpmin of fresh concrete at the pipe internal pressure Pmin.

After calculating the air amount A0 of fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure, the control unit 17 reads out the allowable range of air amount that is the threshold value of air amount from the storage unit 13, and calculates the air amount A0 of fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure. It is determined whether or not the amount of air is within an allowable range (step S207).

If the air amount A0 of the ready-mixed concrete under atmospheric pressure is within the allowable air amount range (step S207: Yes), the control unit 17 returns the process to step S201, and pressurizes the ready-mixed concrete C by the operator's operation. The processes from step S201 to step S208, which will be described later, are repeated until the process stops.

On the other hand, in step S207, if the air amount A0 of fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure is not within the allowable air amount range (step S207: No), the control unit 17 starts error processing (step S208).
Note that the error processing operates in the same manner as in the first embodiment, so a detailed explanation thereof will be omitted.

Further, in step S202 of FIG. 5, if the information indicating the pipe internal pressure and the information indicating the unit volume mass of the ready-mixed concrete C have not been acquired (step S202: No), the control unit 17 returns the process to step S201. Then, the system waits until information indicating the pipe internal pressure and information indicating the unit volume mass of the ready-mixed concrete C are acquired.

Subsequently, measurement examples in Example 2 will be explained using Table 1 below.

なお、表１は、管内圧力欄が図５のステップＳ２０３で取得した最小管内圧力Ｐｍｉｎ、及び最大管内圧力Ｐｍａｘを示し、生コンクリートの単位容積質量欄が図５のステップＳ２０３で取得した生コンクリートの単位容積質量Ｍｐｍｉｎ、及び生コンクリートの単位容積質量Ｍｐｍａｘを示している。

In addition, in Table 1, the pipe pressure column shows the minimum pipe pressure Pmin and the maximum pipe pressure Pmax acquired in step S203 of FIG. 5, and the ready-mixed concrete unit volume mass column shows the fresh concrete The unit volume mass Mpmin and the unit volume mass Mpmax of fresh concrete are shown.

Furthermore, in Table 1, the estimated air amount column shows the air amount Apmax of fresh concrete obtained in step S204 of FIG. 5, and the estimated unit volumetric mass column shows the estimated air amount of fresh concrete obtained in step S205 of FIG. The unit volume mass Te is shown.
In addition, in Table 1, the air amount under atmospheric pressure column indicates the air amount A0 of fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure calculated in step S206 of FIG.

In Table 1, the JIS measured air amount column shows the air amount A measured in accordance with JIS A1116 "Fresh concrete unit volume mass test method and air amount mass-based test method (mass method)". The column shows the difference between the air amount A in the JIS measured air amount column and the air amount A0 in the atmospheric pressure air amount column.

According to measurement example 1 in Table 1, the air content A0 of fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure calculated in step S206 of FIG. 5 is 4.48%. Therefore, in measurement example 1, the error is 0.02% with respect to the air amount A=4.5% measured according to JISA1116. Thus, it can be seen that in Measurement Example 1, the air amount A0 of fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure can be calculated with high accuracy.

Further, according to measurement example 2 in Table 1, the air amount A0 of fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure calculated in step S206 of FIG. 5 is 5.98%. Therefore, in measurement example 2, the error is 0.02% with respect to the air amount A=6.0% measured according to JISA1116. Thus, it can be seen that in Measurement Example 2, the air amount A0 of fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure can be calculated with high accuracy.

Further, according to measurement example 3 in Table 1, the air amount A0 of fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure calculated in step S206 of FIG. 5 is 2.99%. Therefore, in measurement example 3, the error is 0.01% with respect to the air amount A=3.0% measured according to JISA1116. Thus, it can be seen that in Measurement Example 3, the air amount A0 of fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure can be calculated with high accuracy.

The fresh concrete air amount measuring device 1 that realizes the above-described operation can achieve the same effects as the first embodiment described above.
The fresh concrete air amount measuring device 1 also includes a control unit 17 that calculates an estimated unit volume mass Te of fresh concrete that does not contain air.

Then, the control unit 17 determines the size of the ready-mixed concrete based on the minimum pipe pressure Pmin, the unit volume mass Mpmin of the ready-mixed concrete under the minimum pipe pressure Pmin, and the estimated unit volumetric mass Te of the ready-mixed concrete that does not contain air. This configuration calculates the air amount A0 under atmospheric pressure.

According to this configuration, the fresh concrete air amount measuring device 1 can more accurately calculate the air amount A0 of fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure without adding any new measuring means.
Specifically, by calculating the estimated unit volume mass Te of fresh concrete that does not contain air, the fresh concrete air amount measuring device 1 calculates the amount of fresh concrete that does not contain air as a value that is more accurate than the theoretically calculated value, for example. The estimated unit volume mass Te of fresh concrete can be acquired at each measurement timing.

Then, the fresh concrete air amount measuring device 1 accurately calculates the air amount A0 of the fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure by using the estimated unit volume mass Te of the fresh concrete without air under the maximum pipe pressure Pmax. can do.

Furthermore, the unit volume mass M1 of the ready-mixed concrete under the pipe pressure P1 is more likely to vary in air amount A as the pipe pressure P1 is closer to the atmospheric pressure P0. Therefore, by using the minimum pipe pressure Pmin and the unit volume mass Mpmin of fresh concrete under the minimum pipe pressure Pmin, the fresh concrete air amount measuring device 1 can calculate the air amount A0 of fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure. can be calculated more accurately.

Furthermore, the fresh concrete air amount measuring device 1 includes a control unit 17 that calculates the air amount Apmax of fresh concrete under the maximum pipe pressure Pmax based on the above-mentioned equation 6.
The control unit 17 is configured to calculate the estimated unit volume mass Te of fresh concrete based on the above-mentioned formula 7.

According to this configuration, the fresh concrete air amount measuring device 1 can measure the air amount Apmax of fresh concrete under the maximum pipe pressure Pmax and the estimated unit volume mass of fresh concrete without air, without using complicated calculations. Te can be calculated. Therefore, the fresh concrete air amount measuring device 1 can continuously calculate the air amount A0 of fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure at shorter time intervals.

In the correspondence between the configuration of this invention and the above-described embodiments,
The fresh concrete of this invention corresponds to the ready-mixed concrete C of the embodiment,
Similarly below,
The pressure feed path corresponds to piping H,
The pressure measuring means corresponds to the pressure gauge 2,
The unit mass measuring means corresponds to the gamma ray densitometer 3,
The air amount calculation means, the unit mass estimation means, and the pressurized air amount estimation means correspond to the control section 17,
The highest pipe pressure corresponds to the maximum pipe pressure Pmax,
The pipe pressure close to atmospheric pressure corresponds to the minimum pipe pressure Pmin,
The pressure measurement process corresponds to step S101,
The unit mass measurement step corresponds to step S101,
The air amount calculation step corresponds to step S104, but
This invention is not limited to the configuration of the above-described embodiments, and can be implemented in many other embodiments.

For example, in the above-described embodiment, the fresh concrete air amount measuring device 1 is configured to start air amount measurement by operator's operation, but the device is not limited to this, and is connected to a device that controls the pump operation of a concrete pump truck In addition, the apparatus may be a fresh concrete air amount measuring device that starts measuring the amount of air upon receiving a signal indicating the operation of the pump. Alternatively, the control unit 17 of the fresh concrete air amount measuring device 1 may also be configured to control the operation of the pump.

Further, although the air amount measuring device 1 for fresh concrete is equipped with the notification section 4, the present invention is not limited to this, and an air amount measuring device for fresh concrete that does not include the notification section 4 may be used. Furthermore, in this case, the error processing (step S106 in the first embodiment, step S208 in the second embodiment) may be skipped.

Moreover, although the pressure gauge 2 and the gamma ray density meter 3 are placed on the pipe H, the present invention is not limited to this, and they may be placed on a flexible hose or the like as long as it is a pressure feed path through which the ready-mixed concrete C is pumped. good.
Furthermore, the above-described embodiments 1 and 2 may be used appropriately depending on the required accuracy, which varies depending on the mix of the ready-mixed concrete C, the pouring environment, or the object of pouring.

In addition, although the pipe H pressure P1 is measured by the pressure gauge 2, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the pipe pressure P1 is calculated based on the oil pressure of a pump for pumping the ready-mixed concrete C. It may be.
In addition, although the gamma ray densitometer 3, which is composed of a radiation source section 3a and a detection section 3b and whose detection section 3b calculates the density (unit volume mass) of fresh concrete, is used as a unit mass measurement means, it is not limited to this. Any unit mass measuring means that can measure the density (unit volume mass) of fresh concrete may be used.

For example, a gamma ray irradiation device that irradiates gamma rays, a gamma ray detection device that detects the gamma rays that have passed through the piping H and the ready-mixed concrete C, and the density (unit volume mass) of the ready-mixed concrete is calculated based on the attenuation rate of the detected gamma-rays. The control section of the main body of the apparatus may be used as a unit mass measuring means.
Alternatively, the unit volume mass may be measured by irradiating sound waves toward the ready-mixed concrete C and measuring the unit volume mass based on the velocity of the sound waves passing through the ready-mixed concrete C.

Further, in the first embodiment described above, the unit volume mass T of fresh concrete that does not contain air is stored in the storage unit 13, but the unit volume mass T of fresh concrete that does not contain air is not limited to this. However, the configuration may be such that the information is input by an operator's operation.
Similarly, although the configuration is such that the allowable range of the air amount that is the threshold value of the air amount is stored in the storage unit 13, the present invention is not limited to this, and the allowable range of the air amount that is the threshold value of the air amount is The configuration may be input by.

In addition, in the above-mentioned Example 2, the air amount measuring device 1 for fresh concrete is equipped with the pressure gauge 2 and the gamma ray density meter 3, but the present invention is not limited to this, and air amount measurement for fresh concrete can be performed in another embodiment. As shown in FIG. 7 showing a configuration diagram of the apparatus, the apparatus may further include a neutron moisture meter 5 composed of a radiation source section 5a that irradiates a neutron beam and a detection section 5b that detects the irradiated neutron beam.

In this case, the unit water volume of the ready-mixed concrete is calculated from the attenuation rate of neutron beams and the attenuation rate of gamma rays, and the unit volume mass T of the ready-mixed concrete that does not contain air is calculated by taking this unit water amount into consideration. The air amount A0 under atmospheric pressure can be calculated with higher accuracy.

Further, the pipe internal pressure initially obtained from the pressure gauge 2 and the gamma ray density meter 3 and the unit volume mass of the ready-mixed concrete under the pipe internal pressure may be calibrated, and the subsequent total quantity inspection may be performed.
Specifically, first, a correction coefficient for the pressure inside the pipe obtained from the pressure gauge 2 is first set based on the pressure inside the pipe when fresh concrete having a known amount of air at atmospheric pressure is flowed. Similarly, the fresh concrete under pipe pressure obtained from gamma ray density meter 3 is based on the unit volume mass of fresh concrete under pipe pressure when flowing fresh concrete with a known amount of air at atmospheric pressure. Set the correction coefficient for the unit volume mass of.
After setting the correction coefficient, calculate the air amount A0 of the fresh concrete flowing through the pipe H under atmospheric pressure using the pipe internal pressure multiplied by the correction coefficient and the unit volume mass of the fresh concrete under the pipe pressure. You may.

1...Air amount measurement device for fresh concrete 2...Pressure gauge 3...Gamma ray density meter 17...Control unit A0...Amount of air in fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure Apmax...Amount of air in fresh concrete under maximum pipe pressure C...Fresh concrete Concrete H...Piping M1...Unit volume mass of fresh concrete under pipe pressure Mpmin...Unit volume mass of fresh concrete under minimum pipe pressure P1...Pipe pressure Pmax...Maximum pipe pressure Pmin...Minimum pipe pressure T...Including air Unit volumetric mass of fresh concrete without air Te...Estimated unit volumetric mass of fresh concrete without air

Claims (5)

A fresh concrete air amount measuring device that measures the air amount of fresh concrete,
Pressure measuring means for measuring the pressure inside the pipe of the pumping path through which the fresh concrete is pumped;
unit mass measuring means for measuring the unit volume mass of fresh concrete under pipe pressure;
Calculate the amount of air in the fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure based on the pipe internal pressure, the unit volume mass of fresh concrete under the pipe pressure, and the pre-calculated unit volume mass of fresh concrete that does not contain air. An air amount measuring device for fresh concrete, comprising an air amount calculation means. The air amount calculation means includes:
It is configured to calculate the amount of air in the fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure based on the following formula.

The fresh concrete air amount measuring device according to claim 1. Equipped with unit mass estimating means for calculating the estimated unit volume mass of fresh concrete that does not contain air,
The air amount calculation means includes:
Based on the pipe internal pressure close to atmospheric pressure, the unit volume mass of fresh concrete under the pipe pipe pressure close to atmospheric pressure, and the estimated unit volume mass of fresh concrete that does not contain air, The air amount measuring device for fresh concrete according to claim 1 or 2, which is configured to calculate the air amount at. Equipped with pressurized air amount estimation means that calculates the air amount of fresh concrete under the highest pipe pressure based on the following formula,

The unit mass estimating means is
The estimated unit volume mass of fresh concrete that does not contain air is calculated based on the following formula.

The fresh concrete air amount measuring device according to claim 3. A fresh concrete air content measuring method for measuring the air content of fresh concrete, the method comprising:
a pressure measurement step of measuring the pressure inside the pipe in which the fresh concrete is pumped;
a unit mass measurement step of measuring the unit volume mass of fresh concrete under pipe pressure;
Calculate the amount of air in the fresh concrete under atmospheric pressure based on the pipe internal pressure, the unit volume mass of fresh concrete under the pipe pressure, and the pre-calculated unit volume mass of fresh concrete that does not contain air. A method for measuring the amount of air in fresh concrete that includes the step of calculating the amount of air.

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