JP7331512B2 - storage facility - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a powder storage facility for storing powder, flakes, and lumps and stably supplying and transporting them.

Conventionally, powder is charged into a storage tank such as a silo or a hopper through an upper charging chute and stored until use. Then, at the time of use, it is discharged from the discharge chute at the bottom of the storage tank and transported quantitatively.

A bag filter is installed at the top of the storage tank for ventilation and collection of dust generated from the powder. The bag filter has a structure in which a filter cloth is provided between an exhaust gas inlet and a gas outlet into the casing. Dust is collected on the surface, and clean gas is discharged from the gas discharge port.

Powders to be stored include coal, high water content materials, biomass fuels, and the like. Biomass fuels include agricultural and forestry resources such as PKS (palm kernel shells), wood pellets and wood chips, livestock wastes and industrial wastes. Mechanisms of power generation using biomass fuel include biomass power generation, which uses heat generated by directly burning biomass fuel, and biogas power generation, which uses biogas generated by fermentation. In a power generation facility, biomass fuel is stored in a storage tank and supplied from a discharge chute at the bottom of the storage tank when used.

Powders and biomass fuels stored in storage tanks are often hygroscopic and absorb moisture from the air. In addition, the biomass charcoal powder may be in a wet state containing a large amount of water sprayed to reduce the risk of dust explosion or fire.

Further, when the temperature inside the storage tank is higher than the outside air temperature and there is a temperature difference, the humidity around the discharge chute of the storage tank and the vicinity of the exhaust gas inlet increases, causing dew condensation. For example, dew condensation occurs at a temperature difference of about 3° C. from the outside air when the humidity inside the storage tank is 80%, and occurs at a temperature difference of about 10° C. from the outside air when the humidity is 50%.

In this way, the powder contains water and agglomerates to form lumps, resulting in poor fluidity and retention and adhesion on the side of the discharge chute, resulting in rat holes and arches due to residual adhesion and local retention. This creates problems such as the formation of obstructing bridges and the like.

In general, in order to prevent rat holes and bridges due to powder retention, gas is injected from multiple points near the discharge chute at the bottom of the storage tank, vibration is applied, or tools such as picks are used. Manual crushing and removal methods have been used.

However, the conventional method of injecting cleaning gas such as compressed air or nitrogen into the stagnant gas at the discharge port causes the stored powder to consolidate and harden. The injection port may be blocked, and the effect of gas injection may not be exhibited. Such a blocked state causes a problem of hindering discharge from the discharge chute and transportation.

Moreover, the method of applying vibration may cause noise and deformation or cracking of the storage tank by applying vibration to the storage tank. Furthermore, the manual crushing/removal method is troublesome and poses a danger to workers working in the storage tank.

The technology disclosed in Patent Document 1 is characterized in that gas inlets for preventing powder retention are provided at the top and bottom in order to prevent powder from staying in a hopper (storage tank). be. The powder is dried and its fluidity is improved by blowing air sufficiently dried by a refrigeration dryer and a membrane dryer from the gas inlets at the top and bottom of the hopper according to the humidity in the storage tank. , can be transported smoothly.

JP-A-2002-211763

However, air containing moisture and biogas generated by fermentation of biomass fuel during storage passes through the bag filter, causing wet dust to adhere to the filter cloth and cause clogging. was occurring.

If the filter cloth becomes clogged, the bag filter cannot function normally, and there is a risk of dust explosion.

In the past, the clogging of the filter cloth of the bag filter was handled by a method such as backwashing, in which cleaning gas was instantaneously sprayed into the storage tank to shake off the dust. If dust adheres to the filter cloth, it is necessary to inject and blow the cleaning gas many times to remove the dust. .

The present invention has been made in view of the problems described above. It relates to a storage facility with provision for destagnation.

As a first means for solving the above problems, in a storage facility for storing and supplying powders, flakes, and lumps,
A bag filter for collecting dust contained in gas discharged from a space formed above the stored material in the storage tank;
The bag filter comprises a filter cloth arranged in a casing above the storage tank so as to separate a space between an exhaust gas introduction port and an exhaust port,
The object of the present invention is to provide a storage facility characterized in that an injection port for injecting gas is provided on the exhaust gas introduction port side of the filter cloth.

According to the first means, the dust-containing gas in the storage tank is removed by the bag filter. In addition, by injecting gas into the exhaust gas inlet side of the filter cloth, it dries the dust that contains moisture adhering to the filter cloth, preventing clogging of the filter cloth. can avoid the danger of
Furthermore, even when cleaning the filter cloth by blowing the cleaning gas onto the filter cloth, the dust attached to the filter cloth is dried and easily peeled off, so that damage to the filter cloth can be reduced, thereby extending the life of the filter cloth.

As a second means for solving the above problem, in the storage facility,
The object of the present invention is to provide a storage facility according to the first means, characterized in that a gas injection means having an injection port for injecting gas downward is provided in the discharge chute of the storage tank.

According to the second means, since the gas is jetted downward to the discharge chute of the storage facility, the powder can be made to flow and stagnation can be prevented.

The first means for solving the above problem includes, in addition, providing an exhaust gas introduction port on the side wall of the space formed above the stored material in the storage tank, and connecting the gas led from the exhaust gas introduction port. A facility and a gas sampling nozzle between the flue gas inlet and the treatment facility .

By the means added above, the dust-laden gas is transported from the upper space in the storage tank to the treatment facility and treated, thereby producing clean gas with reduced moisture and dust. Also, by sampling and analyzing the gas from the gas sampling nozzle, it is possible to estimate the humidity and temperature in the storage tank. When used in conjunction with a temperature sensor in the storage tank, temperature measurements can be made with high accuracy.

In order to solve the above problem , the first means further includes a dust recovery unit and a water recovery unit provided in the treatment equipment, and the dust recovery unit includes a straightening plate for controlling the flow of the exhaust gas and a water storage for collecting the dust. The moisture recovery unit includes a cooling unit for generating condensed water and a discharge means for discharging the generated condensed water.

By the additional means described above, the dust-containing gas recovers dust and moisture through the treatment equipment, thereby obtaining a clean gas with reduced moisture and dust.

In the third means , the gas sampling nozzle is provided with means for sampling the gas discharged from the space formed above the stored material in the storage tank, and the components of the sampled gas are the amount of dust, the amount of moisture, and the amount of fermentation. To provide a storage facility according to the first means or the second means characterized by detecting the degree.

As a third means for solving the above problem, the amount of dust, the amount of moisture, and the degree of fermentation can be obtained by analyzing the gas sampled by the gas sampling nozzle. In addition, the humidity and temperature in the storage tank can be inferred from the degree of fermentation.

According to the present invention, the filter cloth of the bag filter is prevented from clogging due to wet dust, so that the bag filter functions normally. In addition, it is possible to effectively prevent the formation of rat holes and bridges due to adhesion to the discharge chute when the powder containing water is discharged from the storage facility and transported. Furthermore, by analyzing the gas in the storage tank using the gas sampling nozzle, it is possible to estimate the humidity and temperature, and to properly manage and supply the storage.

It is an explanatory view explaining composition of a storage facility concerning the present invention. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing the configuration of a bag filter according to the present invention; FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing the configuration of a processing facility according to the present invention; FIG.

The storage facility of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Air was used as the gas in the embodiment of the present invention. However, this embodiment is not limited to this, and an inert gas such as nitrogen gas may be used.
[Storage facility 1]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a storage facility 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 shows the configuration of the bag filter 11, and FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram of the processing equipment 21 according to the embodiment of the present invention.

As shown, storage facility 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises bag filter 11 and treatment facility 21 .

The storage facility 1 is equipped so as to receive and store transported powder such as coal, high-moisture content substances, and biomass fuel, and to supply it when it is used. Specifically, the powder is pneumatically fed to the storage tank 2 from an input chute (not shown), and the stored powder is transported to a boiler, a power generation facility, or the like via a discharge chute 3 at the time of use.

[Bag filter 11]
The configuration of the bag filter 11 is shown in FIG. The bag filter 11 has an exhaust gas introduction port 5A on the side of the storage tank 2 and an exhaust port 7 on the side opposite to the storage tank 2, and a filter cloth 10 so as to separate the space between the exhaust gas introduction port 5A and the exhaust port 7. ing. Moreover, the bag filter 11 is provided in the upper part of the storage tank 2, and is configured to collect the dust contained in the gas discharged from the storage tank 2 through the exhaust gas introduction port 5A with the filter cloth 10. In this embodiment, the bag filter 11 is provided with a gas inlet 6A on the side of the storage tank 2 and a cleaning gas ejection mechanism 9 on the side opposite to the storage tank 2 .

A method of operating the bag filter 11 using the storage facility 1 according to this embodiment will be described. Powder such as supplied coal, high-moisture content material, and biomass fuel is thrown into the storage tank 2 with great force. Many of these powders are hygroscopic, and biomass fuels are water-sprinkled to avoid the risk of dust explosions. Therefore, a large amount of dust containing water is scattered in the storage tank 2 when the powder is charged.

For ventilation, the dust-containing gas in the storage tank 2 is introduced from the exhaust gas inlet 5A provided in the bag filter 11, and the dust contained in the gas is collected by the filter cloth 10. The gas from which dust has been removed is discharged outside through the exhaust port 7 .
However, dust containing a large amount of moisture as in the present embodiment adheres to the filter cloth 10 .

[Cleaning gas mechanism 9]
The cleaning gas mechanism 9 provided in the bag filter 11 has a gas line extending horizontally on the side opposite to the storage tank 2 , and a plurality of injection nozzles are arranged extending from the gas line toward the filter cloth 10 . The filter cloth 10 can be cleaned by blowing cleaning gas onto it.

If dust containing moisture adheres to the filter cloth 10, serious clogging will occur, and the cleaning gas mechanism 9 will have to inject the cleaning gas many times, which may damage the filter cloth 10. be. However, the dust adhering to the filter cloth 10 is dried by introducing the gas from the blowing port 6A, and the dust can be easily peeled off from the filter cloth 10 by cleaning with the cleaning gas mechanism 9, so that the filter cloth 10 is less damaged. Long life is expected.

In addition, the introduction of the gas from the blowing port 6A has the effect of lowering the temperature and humidity in the storage tank 2 . It is also possible to adjust the inflow of gas with the valve 8 according to the temperature measured by a temperature sensor (not shown) installed in the storage tank 2 .

When the powder is put into the storage tank 2, air (outside air) is introduced from the gas blowing port 6A while adjusting the inflow rate with the valve 8 connected to the gas blowing port 6A provided in the bag filter 11, and the filter cloth 10 It is configured so that dust adhering to the surface can be dried.

When air is introduced from the blowing port 6A, the air is discharged from the exhaust port 7. - 特許庁At this time, the air introduced from the blowing port 6A may be dehumidified and dried air disclosed in Patent Document 1.

As described above, clogging of the filter cloth 10 due to dust explosion can be prevented, so that the bag filter 11 can function normally and the risk of dust explosion can be avoided.

[Treatment equipment 21]
The processing facility 21 shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 includes a dust recovery section 23 and a moisture recovery section 24 . At the time of discharging, the dust-containing gas storage tank 2 containing moisture is introduced into the processing equipment 21 through the exhaust gas inlet 5B from a space formed above the stored material. By collecting dust in the dust collecting part 23 and water in the water collecting part 24, clean gas with reduced water and dust is produced from the dust-containing gas containing water.

The fan 20 is the power for transportation from the flue gas inlet 5B to the treatment facility 21 . The installation position of the fan 20 is preferably between the processing equipment 21 and the gas inlet 6B, or between the exhaust gas inlet 5B and the processing equipment 21, as shown in FIGS.

The dust collecting section 23 has a rectifying plate 25 and a water storage section 26 . The water reservoir 26 corresponds to a cleaning and dust collecting device that uses liquid droplets and liquid films as collection media. The dust-containing gas containing moisture introduced from the exhaust gas inlet 5B flows along the rectifying plate 25 (in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 3) and passes through the water reservoir 26, whereby the dust is collected in the water reservoir 26. . When the stored material is wood pellets, the dust collected in the water reservoir 26 can be transported to a recycling device and reused.
The water-containing gas from which the dust has been collected in this way and the amount of dust has been reduced is then blown to the water collecting section 24 .

The moisture collection unit 24 includes a demister 27 for separating moisture in the gas, and a drain port and a collection tank (not shown). Water-containing gas cooled by a cooling mechanism (not shown) such as air cooling or cold water pipes passes through the demister 27 to cause dew condensation. When the cooled gas collides with the metal wire rod of the demister 27, moisture is condensed from the gas and can be efficiently separated as water particles. The water separated by condensation in this way is collected in a drain port or a collection tank, and the clean gas from which water has been removed is introduced into the storage tank 2 through the blow port 6B.

At the time of dispensing the stored material, clean gas with reduced moisture and dust is introduced into the storage tank 2 from a plurality of blowing ports 6B provided surrounding the discharge chute at an intermediate position of the discharge chute of the storage tank 2.例文帳に追加By introducing the clean gas, the humidity in the storage tank 2 can be lowered and kept stable.

In addition, by jetting clean gas downward toward the discharge chute of the storage tank 2 from a plurality of gas injection ports 6B, the powder remaining in the discharge chute is dispersed, and rat holes and bridges are eliminated. supply and transport smoothly.

[Gas sampling nozzle]
A sampling nozzle 4 is provided in front of the processing equipment 21 connected from the flue gas inlet 5B. In the case of biomass fuel, the amount of dust and moisture in the gas can be grasped by sampling and analyzing the gas that has flowed in through the exhaust gas inlet 5B with the gas sampling nozzle 4, and the amount of dust and moisture in the gas can also be determined from the gas components generated during fermentation. The degree of fermentation of the stock in the tank 2 can be confirmed. Fermentation generates moisture in the initial state, so the humidity in the storage tank 2 increases.

When the humidity in the storage tank 2 increases, the powder stays in the discharge chute and forms rat holes and bridges. Clean gas is jetted downward toward the stored powder in the storage tank 2 from the blow port 6B. The airflow generated at this time can be expected to have the effect of dispersing the powder staying in the vicinity of the discharge chute.

Further, when it is judged from the analysis result by the gas sampling nozzle 4 that only the amount of dust or only the amount of water in the gas is large, only the dust recovery unit 23 or only the water recovery unit 24 constituting the processing equipment 21 is operated. dust or moisture can be recovered from the gas.
In the above case, the processing facility 21 may be configured with only the dust recovery section 23 or only the water recovery section 24 according to the properties of the stored material.

Furthermore, as fermentation progresses, fermentation heat is generated, and if the temperature in the storage tank 2 rises and exceeds a predetermined temperature, it will change into heat due to an oxidation reaction, and there is a risk of spontaneous combustion, so temperature control is necessary. is important.

By analyzing the gas sampled from the gas sampling nozzle 4 it is possible to infer the temperature rise in the storage tank 2 . Also, by using a temperature sensor (not shown) in the storage tank 2 and the gas sampling nozzle 4 together, temperature measurement can be performed with high accuracy.

When it is judged that the temperature rise is significant by utilizing the analysis results from the temperature sensor (not shown) and the gas sampling nozzle 4, an inert gas such as nitrogen gas is ejected from another inlet other than the gas inlet 6B. It plays a role in preventing ignition due to oxidation heat.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the combinations shown in the embodiments, and various modifications are possible.
Moreover, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various omissions, substitutions, or modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is particularly useful in storage facilities that store and supply stored materials such as wet powders and biomass fuels.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 storage facility 2 storage tank 3 discharge chute 4 gas sampling nozzle 5A, 5B exhaust gas inlet 6A, 6B gas inlet 7 exhaust port 8 valve 9 cleaning gas ejection mechanism 10 filter cloth 11 bag filter 20 fan 21 treatment facility 23 dust collection Part 24 Moisture Recovery Part 25 Current Plate 26 Water Storage Part 27 Demister

Claims (3)

In storage facilities for storing and supplying powders, flakes and lumps,
A bag filter for collecting dust contained in gas discharged from a space formed above the stored material in the storage tank;
The bag filter comprises a filter cloth arranged in a casing above the storage tank so as to separate a space between an exhaust gas introduction port and an exhaust port,
An injection port for injecting gas is provided on the side of the exhaust gas introduction port of the filter cloth, and an exhaust gas introduction port is provided on the side wall of the space formed above the stored items in the storage tank, and the exhaust gas is led from the exhaust gas introduction port. and a gas sampling nozzle between the exhaust gas inlet and the processing equipment, the processing equipment is provided with a dust recovery section and a moisture recovery section, and the dust recovery section is configured to control the flow of the exhaust gas. 1. A storage facility, comprising: a rectifying plate to be controlled; and a water storage section for collecting dust, wherein the moisture recovery section comprises a cooling section for generating condensed water and a discharge means for discharging the generated condensed water. In the storage facility,
2. The storage facility according to claim 1, wherein gas injection means having an injection port for injecting gas downward is provided in the discharge chute of the storage tank. The gas sampling nozzle is equipped with a means for sampling the gas discharged from the space formed above the stored material in the storage tank, and the amount of dust, the amount of moisture, and the degree of fermentation are detected from the components of the sampled gas. 3. Storage facility according to claim 1 or 2 .

Images