JP7164999B2 - Dirt loading device - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an earth and sand loading device for loading earth and sand generated at a construction site or the like onto a transportation vehicle such as a dump truck.

In the past, the work of loading earth and sand generated at construction sites, etc., collected the generated earth and sand in a predetermined place, used a loading device with a hopper supported by a gate-shaped frame, and removed the earth and sand temporarily stored in the hopper. There is known one that is put into the loading platform of a transport vehicle that is moved under a portal frame (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

On the other hand, accidents and road damage caused by overloading have become a social problem in earth and sand transportation work using dump trucks, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to strictly control the weight of the load. , It is required to shape the earth and sand to about the height of the loading platform of the transportation vehicle.

Therefore, conventionally, a device for leveling the earth and sand loaded on the loading platform of the dump truck is also used, which includes a portal gate through which the dump truck can pass and a leveling plate movably supported by the portal gate. (See Patent Document 2).

JP-A-2005-41644 JP 2004-244138 A

However, in the conventional loading device as described above, since the position of the loading port opened on the upper surface of the hopper is at a high position, it is difficult to directly load the earth and sand into the hopper by a backhoe. There was a problem that the equipment of

In addition, in the conventional loading device, since the earth and sand stored in the hopper are thrown into the loading platform of the transport vehicle from one discharge port, the earth and sand are loaded in the shape of a mountain with one point high, and the work of leveling the loaded earth and sand is complicated. There was a problem.

Furthermore, in the prior art described in Patent Document 2, since it is provided separately from the loading device, it must be moved to the leveling means in an unstable chevron state, and the height of the loaded earth and sand is increased. If it was too high, there was a risk that the earth and sand would be pushed onto the leveling board and fall off the loading platform.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an earth and sand loading device capable of stably loading earth and sand onto a transportation vehicle in view of such conventional problems.

The feature of the invention according to claim 1 for solving the conventional problems as described above has a hopper that is rectangular in plan view and a pair of side frames that face each other in the longitudinal direction of the hopper, An earth and sand loading device comprising a gate-shaped gate frame that supports a hopper and loading earth and sand stored in the hopper onto a transportation vehicle that has entered under the gate frame, wherein the earth and sand are loaded onto the transportation vehicle under the hopper. The hopper has a plurality of rows of groove-shaped discharge parts extending in the longitudinal direction, and each row of the discharge parts has a discharge port that can be opened and closed. and adjusting the amount of opening of the ejection port based on the measurement result of the shape measuring means .

The feature of the invention according to claim 2 is that, in addition to the configuration of claim 1 , a leveling means having a leveling blade for shaping the earth and sand loaded on the transport vehicle is provided, and the loading platform of the transport vehicle is provided. The leveling blade moves along the longitudinal direction of the hopper at a height determined based on the height.

The feature of the invention according to claim 3 is that, in addition to the configuration of claim 2 , the leveling means includes a track beam supported by the side frame so as to be vertically movable, and the track beam is The leveling blade is movably supported.

A feature of the invention according to claim 4 is that, in addition to the configuration according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , the hopper is supported on the gate frame via a load meter.

The earth and sand loading device according to the present invention can reduce the height of the earth and sand loaded on the loading platform of the transport vehicle by providing the configuration described in claim 1, thereby reducing the height of the entire device. can do. In addition, the discharged earth and sand can be appropriately distributed to the sides of the loading platform, and the height of the earth and sand loaded on the loading platform of the transport vehicle can be suppressed. In addition, it is possible to grasp the condition of the earth and sand loaded on the loading platform and load the earth and sand so that it is flat.

Furthermore, in the present invention, by providing the configuration according to claim 2 , it is possible to carry out the shaping work of the earth and sand loaded on the loading platform together with the work of loading the earth and sand.

Furthermore, in the present invention, by providing the configuration according to claim 3 , it is possible to smoothly move the leveling blade with respect to the loading platform of the transport vehicle.

Further, in the present invention, by providing the configuration according to claim 4 , the weight of earth and sand can be weighed before loading the earth and sand onto a transportation vehicle such as a dump truck, so overloading can be prevented. .

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a front view which shows an example of the earth and sand loading apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a side view same as the above. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the earth and sand loading device; Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing a load meter installation portion of the same; Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing the driving body of the same; (a) is a plan view showing the same leveling blade, and (b) is a side view of the same. It is a side view which shows the state of recognition work of a delivery vehicle same as the above. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the procedure of the earth and sand loading method according to the present invention, showing a state in which earth and sand are thrown into the hopper. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the opening angle of the movable plate of the ejection port is adjusted; FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the opening angle of the movable plate is fully opened; Fig. 10 is a side view showing a state during leveling work; It is a rear view same as the above.

Next, embodiments of the earth and sand loading device according to the present invention will be described based on the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 12. FIG. In addition, the code|symbol 1 in a figure is an earth and sand loading apparatus.

This earth and sand loading device 1 comprises a hopper 4 rectangular in plan view, a gate frame 2 supporting the hopper 4, an opening/closing means 6 for opening and closing a discharge port 5 of the hopper 4, and load meters 3 and 3. a weight calculation means for calculating the weight of the earth and sand 7 in the hopper 4 based on the applied load, and the earth and sand 7 temporarily stored in the hopper 4 is loaded onto the loading platform 8a of the transport vehicle 8 that has entered under the gate frame 2. It can be loaded.

The earth and sand loading device 1 is also provided with a leveling means 40 for moving a leveling blade 43 at a desired height with respect to the loading platform 8a of the transport vehicle 8 in the direction in which the vehicle advances. The earth and sand 7 can be shaped.

Further, the earth and sand loading device 1 is provided with a vehicle discriminating means 9 for recognizing the characteristics of the approaching transport vehicle 8 and specifying the load capacity of the transport vehicle 8, so that it can cope with the transport vehicles 8 having different load capacities. ing.

The gate frame 2 includes a pair of side frames 10, 10 facing each other in the longitudinal direction of the hopper 4, and a connecting beam portion 11 connecting the side frames 10, 10. It has a portal frame shape into which a transport vehicle 8 such as a dump truck can enter.

The side frames 10, 10 are composed of a self-propelled unit 12 which is self-propelled by a driving part 12a such as a crawler belt or wheels, a strut part 13 made of a square steel pipe or the like erected on the self-propelled unit 12, and between the strut parts 13 and lateral beam portions 14, 14 connecting the two, forming a rectangular frame shape.

Although not shown, the self-propelled unit 12 includes a drive source such as an electric motor or prime mover, and the drive source drives a drive section 12a such as a crawler belt or wheels.

Further, the self-propelled unit 12 can control the driving source and the course direction by remote control such as radio. An operating device for the self-propelled unit 12 is provided, for example, in the operator's seat of a backhoe that loads the earth and sand 7 into the earth and sand loading device 1 .

As shown in FIG. 4, each column 13 is provided with a load cell supporting portion 16 that supports the load cells 3, 3 at the upper end thereof. It is supported.

In this embodiment, a fixing shaft 17 passing through the load cell supporting portion 16 is provided, and the supporting plate 18 of the hopper 4 is fixed on the load cell supporting portion 16 via the center hole type load cell 3. It is supported in a state that 17 penetrates. Reference numeral 19 in the figure denotes a stopper for retaining.

As shown in FIG. 3, the hopper 4 has a rectangular shape in plan view, is open at the top, and is formed in the bottom of an outer shell portion 30 formed in the shape of a shallow hollow square pyramid with a small cross-sectional area on the lower end side. A plurality of groove-shaped discharge portions 31, 31 are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the hopper 4 (in this embodiment, two rows), and each of the discharge portions 31, 31 is provided with a discharge port 5 that can be opened and closed.

The outer shell portion 30 is integrally provided with a supporting plate 18 projecting from the outer surface thereof, and is supported by the load cells 3 and 3 and the strut portion 13 via the supporting plate 18 .

Each of the discharge portions 31, 31 is composed of a pair of inclined walls 32, 33 having a tapered cross-section with a narrower lower side, and is formed in a tapered groove shape long in the longitudinal direction of the hopper 4, and the side wall of the outer shell portion 30 faces outward. A slanted wall 32 is formed and an inner slanted wall 33 opposite thereto is arranged so as to form a chevron.

The inner inclined wall 33 includes a fixed plate 33a fixed to the outer shell portion 30 and a movable plate 33c rotatably supported by the fixed plate 33a via a rotary shaft 33b. By rotating by the means 6, the discharge port 5 opened obliquely inside is opened and closed.

The opening/closing means 6 includes, for example, an opening/closing winch 20 that can be remotely controlled wirelessly or by wire. It is designed to open and close.

Further, the opening/closing means 6 is provided with a shape measuring means 52 for measuring the shape of the earth and sand loaded on the transport vehicle 8 under the hopper 4, and based on the measurement result of the shape measuring means 52, the rotation angle of the movable plate 33c is determined. The amount of opening of the ejection port 5 is adjusted by adjusting the opening amount.

In the above embodiment, the case where the discharge port 5 is opened and closed by the rotation of the movable plate 33c constituting the discharge section has been described, but the form of the discharge section is not limited to the above embodiment. A discharge port may be provided at the lower end of the groove-shaped discharge portions arranged in multiple rows, and the discharge port may be opened and closed by a rotating or sliding door.

Further, the opening amount of the discharge port is the state at each stage from the closed state to the fully opened state of the discharge port, and is determined by the rotation angle of the movable plate 33c and the operation of the rotating or sliding opening/closing door in the embodiment. etc. can be adjusted.

The shape measuring means 52 uses, for example, a scanning laser rangefinder to sequentially scan the upper surface of the loading platform 8a with a laser to measure the surface shape of the earth and sand 7 loaded on the loading platform 8a.

The operating device for the opening/closing means 6 is provided in the operator's seat of the backhoe that loads the earth and sand 7 into the earth and sand loading device 1 in the same manner as the self-propelled unit 12 .

The weight calculation means adds up the measured values of the load meters 3, 3, calculates the weight of the hopper 4 containing the earth and sand 7, and outputs it to the display means 24 such as a monitor. Further, the weight calculation means can calculate the weight of the soil 7 by subtracting the weight of the hopper 4 in advance.

The vehicle discriminating means 9 is installed on the gate frame 2 and discriminates the transport vehicle 8 based on a camera 22 that captures an identification object 25 such as a license plate of the transport vehicle 8 and an image of the identification object 25 photographed by the camera 22. A vehicle discriminating unit 23 is provided, and information on the specified transportation vehicle 8 is displayed on the display means 24 .

The vehicle discrimination unit combines image data of identification objects 25 such as the license plate of the transportation vehicle 8 captured by the camera 22 and image data of the identification objects 25 registered in advance in a database on the cloud with artificial intelligence (AI). etc., and data such as the vehicle type, vehicle dimensions, loadable capacity, etc. of the transportation vehicle 8 with which the image data of the identification object 25 matches is output to the display means 24 .

The display means 24 is installed in the operator's seat of a backhoe or the like for throwing the earth and sand 7 into the earth and sand loading device. etc. are displayed.

The leveling means 40 includes a track beam member 41 elongated in the longitudinal direction of the hopper 4 supported by each side frame 10 so as to be vertically movable, a driving body 42 movably supported by the track beam member 41, Equipped with a leveling blade 43 supported under the driving body 42 and a control unit for controlling the height of the track beam 41 and the movement of the driving body 42, the loading platform 8a of the transport vehicle 8 is set to a desired height. The leveling blade 43 relatively moves in the direction of travel of the vehicle.

The track beams 41 are made of H-section steel or the like, and can be moved to desired heights of the side frames by synchronously controlled vertically moving units.

The vertical movement unit includes a pinion 45 that meshes with the rack 44 supported inside the supporting column 13 facing both ends of the track beam 41, and a power source (not shown) that rotates the pinion 45. It is adapted to move up and down with respect to the side frame 10 by a rack and pinion mechanism.

As shown in FIG. 5, the driving body 42 is supported by a box-shaped frame 46 with an open top and both inner side surfaces of the frame 46, and clamps both side edges of the lower flange 41a of the track beam 41. A plurality of rollers 47, 47, a pinion 49 that meshes with a rack 48 supported on the lower surface of the track beam 41, and a power source 50 that rotates the pinion 48 are provided. It is designed to move along

As shown in FIG. 6, the leveling blade 43 has leveling surfaces 51, 51 which are recessed in an arcuate shape inclined from the center of the front surface toward the rear of the side part. The earth and sand on the loading platform 8a are distributed outward and shaped according to the relative movement with respect to the loading platform 8a.

The control unit adjusts the height of the leveling blade 43 to the height of the loading platform 8a of the transport vehicle 8 based on the information from the vehicle discrimination means 9. As shown in FIG.

The mode of the leveling blade 43 is not limited to the embodiment shown in FIG. A projecting portion that can be lowered into the space between the side edges (tilts) of the loading platform 8a may be provided.

Next, a method of loading earth and sand using this earth and sand loading device 1 will be described.

First, a backhoe is placed at a predetermined position on a pile of earth and sand 7 collected by a bulldozer or the like, and the earth and sand loading device 1 is moved to the vicinity of the backhoe, and the earth and sand 7 are thrown into the hopper 4 .

When the hopper 4 is thrown into the earth and sand 7, the load due to the weight of the earth and sand 7 and the hopper 4 acts on the load cells 3, 3 via the hopper 4, and the weight calculation means calculates the measured values of the load cells 3, 3. By summing up, the weight of the hopper 4 including the earth and sand 7 is calculated and output to the display means 24 such as a monitor in real time as needed.

Next, as shown in FIG. 7, the transportation vehicle 8 is moved to the front of the earth and sand loading device 1, and the identification target 25 such as the license plate is imaged by the camera 22, and the image data of the identification target 25 such as the license plate, The image data of the identification target 25 registered in advance in the database on the cloud is collated, and data such as the vehicle type, vehicle dimensions, loadable capacity, etc. of the transport vehicle 8 that matches the image data of the identification target 25 is installed in the backhoe or the like. output to the displayed display means 24.

Next, the transport vehicle 8 is moved under the hopper 4 of the gate frame 2, the opening/closing means 6 is operated to rotate the movable plate 33c to open the discharge port 5, and the earth and sand 7 is loaded from the hopper 4 onto the transport vehicle 8. .

When the transport vehicle 8 is moved under the hopper 4 of the gate frame 2, the leveling blade 43 is retracted to the front end side or the rear end side of the gate frame, and the height is set so as not to interfere with the bed of the truck. let it move.

The ejection port 5 is opened by starting measurement by the shape measuring means 52 and adjusting the rotation angle of the movable plate 33c, that is, the degree of opening of the ejection port, based on the measurement by the shape measuring means 52 .

First, as shown in FIG. 9, when discharging is started in a state where the rotation angle of the movable plate 33c is small, the discharged earth and sand slides on the movable plate 33c and is distributed to the outside. On the other hand, it becomes difficult for the earth and sand 7 to deviate to the center side.

By gradually increasing the rotation angle of the movable plate 33c based on the measurement by the shape measuring means 52 and fully opening it as shown in FIG.

In this manner, the ejection portions 31, 31 are arranged in multiple rows, and the ejection port 5 is opened while adjusting the rotation angle of the movable plate 33c, thereby suppressing the height of the loaded earth and sand. can be done.

After the discharge is finished, the control unit adjusts the height of the leveling blade 43, and as shown in FIGS. Relatively move in the longitudinal direction of the hopper.

At that time, since the height of the earth and sand 7 loaded on the loading platform 8a is suppressed, the leveling work can be performed smoothly.

Finally, after finishing the leveling work, the transport vehicle is withdrawn from the gate frame.

In the earth and sand loading device 1 configured in this manner, the discharge parts 31, 31 are arranged in multiple rows in the hopper 4, so that the heap of earth and sand discharged onto the loading platform of the transport vehicle can be kept low. The height of the entire device including the hopper can be reduced, and earth and sand can be thrown into the hopper using a backhoe.

In addition, since the loading device can be self-propelled, it can be moved according to the progress of the construction work, and it is possible to handle the work of loading the earth and sand 7 at locations where the earth and sand 7 are generated inconsistently.

Further, since the loading device is provided with leveling means, it is possible to shape the loaded earth and sand together with the loading of the earth and sand, and the heap of the earth and sand discharged onto the loading platform 8a of the transport vehicle 8 can be kept low. Therefore, the shaping work can be performed smoothly.

In the above-described embodiment, an example in which the gate frame is self-propelled has been described, but the gate frame may be fixedly installed on the ground.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the gate frame supports the hopper via the load meter, but the hopper may be supported without the load meter.

Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the leveling means in which the leveling blade 43 moves in the longitudinal direction of the hopper with respect to the gate frame 2 has been described. , the carrier vehicle 8 may be moved with respect to the leveling blade 43 . In other words, the shaping of the loaded earth and sand is completed while moving within the gate frame 2, and the transport vehicle 8 can move forward as it is to exit.

In the above-described embodiment, the camera 22 picks up the license plate of the transportation vehicle 8, and the vehicle discrimination means 9 is configured to discriminate based on the image data. Not limited, for example, those using identification codes such as bar codes, those using RFID (radio frequency identifier) technology for exchanging information by short-range wireless communication using electromagnetic waves or radio waves from RF tags good too.

1 Earth and sand loading device 2 Gate frame 3 Load meter 4 Hopper 5 Discharge port 6 Opening/closing means 7 Earth and sand 8 Transportation vehicle 9 Vehicle discrimination means 10 Side frame 11 Connection beam 12 Self-propelled unit 13 Column 14 Cross beam 16 Load meter support 17 Fixing shaft 18 Supporting plate 19 Stopper 20 Opening/closing winch 21 Operation rope 22 Camera 23 Vehicle discrimination unit 24 Display means 25 Identification object 26 Opening/closing door 30 Outer shell 31 Discharge part 32 Inclined wall 33 Inclined wall 40 Leveling means 41 Beam material for track 42 Driving body 43 Leveling blade 44 Rack 45 Pinion 46 Frame 47 Roller 48 Rack 49 Pinion 50 Power source 51 Leveling surface 52 Shape measuring means

Claims (4)

A transport vehicle that has a hopper that is rectangular in plan view and a gate-shaped gate frame that has a pair of side frames that face each other in the longitudinal direction of the hopper and that supports the hopper, and that has entered under the gate frame. In the earth and sand loading device that loads the earth and sand stored in the hopper into
A shape measuring means for measuring the shape of the earth and sand loaded on the transport vehicle under the hopper,
The hopper includes multiple rows of groove-shaped discharge portions extending in the longitudinal direction, and each row of discharge portions has a discharge port that can be opened and closed. An earth and sand loading device characterized in that the opening amount of is adjusted . A leveling means having a leveling blade for shaping the earth and sand loaded on the transport vehicle is provided, and the leveling blade is positioned on the hopper at a height determined based on the height of the loading platform of the transport vehicle. 2. A soil loading device according to claim 1 , which is adapted to move along the longitudinal direction. 3. The leveling means according to claim 2 , wherein the leveling means comprises track beams supported vertically movably on the side frames, and the leveling blades are movably supported by the track beams. Dirt loader. The earth and sand loading device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the hopper is supported on the gate frame via a load meter.

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