JP7150521B2 - SEAT STRUCTURE, WASTE WATER TREATMENT APPARATUS INCLUDING THE SAME, AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SEAT STRUCTURE - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a sheet structure used in, for example, a wastewater treatment apparatus that utilizes the function of microorganisms, a wastewater treatment apparatus provided with the sheet structure, and a method for manufacturing the sheet structure.

In recent years, a wastewater treatment apparatus has been developed that utilizes the action of aerobic microorganisms to decompose organic sludge substances to purify wastewater. For example, the wastewater treatment apparatus uses a sheet structure including a gas permeable but liquid impermeable sheet in order to continuously supply oxygen to the aerobic microorganisms contained in the wastewater at low cost. ing.

For example, in US Pat. No. 5,200,000, a layer of part a) having a) at least one porous gas permeable and water impermeable layer and b) a plurality of flow channels through which gas can be conveyed to the layer of part a). and a gas inlet, wherein gas is delivered through the gas permeable layer a) to remove organic substances and/or nitrogen sources from an aqueous medium. disclosed.

Japanese Patent No. 4680504

However, the conventional seat structure described above has the following problems.
That is, in the sheet structure disclosed in the above publication, the gas permeable layer is fixed at the top of the plurality of main walls forming the gas delivery layer.

Therefore, when the sheet structure having such a configuration is immersed in liquid, the water pressure on the outside of the sheet structure pushes the gas permeable layer. Since the water pressure is greater than the pressure at which air is discharged to the outside of the sheet structure, the gas permeable layer is in close contact with the comb-shaped flow channel formed in the gas delivery layer, and the cross-sectional area of the flow channel is reduced. becomes smaller. Since the pressure of the discharged air is lower than the water pressure, it may be difficult to supply a sufficient amount of gas into the gas delivery layer.

In particular, when the sheet structure is used, for example, in a wastewater treatment apparatus that purifies wastewater using the action of microorganisms, it is necessary to continuously supply oxygen to the microorganisms. For this reason, obstruction of sufficient air supply to the inside of the gas delivery layer lowers the activity of microorganisms, which is not preferable.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a sheet structure capable of ensuring a sufficient amount of gas delivery in a gas delivery layer, a wastewater treatment apparatus having the same, and a method of manufacturing the sheet structure.

A sheet structure according to a first aspect of the present invention is a sheet structure that is immersed in a liquid and supplies gas supplied from a gas supply source into the liquid, the sheet structure comprising a gas delivery layer and gas passage holes. , a gas permeable and water impermeable layer. The gas delivery layer delivers gas supplied from the first end side in the first direction and has a first surface. A gas passage hole is formed in the first surface. The gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer has properties of permeating gas to the outside and impermeable to liquid on the inside, and covers the first surface.

With this configuration, the gas passage hole communicates the gas channel of the gas delivery layer with the gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer, and allows the gas supplied to the gas delivery layer to pass through the gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer to the liquid. supply inside.

Note that the gas delivery layer is a layer having a gas flow path for delivering gas supplied from the first end side in the first direction. A gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer is a layer that has the property of allowing the gas supplied to the gas delivery layer to permeate to the outside and preventing the liquid on the outside from permeating to the inside. The gas passage hole is a portion that allows communication between the gas flow path formed on the first surface of the gas delivery layer and the gas permeable and water impermeable layer to supply gas into the liquid.

Here, for example, in a sheet structure used in a wastewater treatment apparatus utilizing the function of microorganisms, the first surface of the gas delivery layer forming a gas flow path inside is covered with a gas permeable and water impermeable layer. immersed in liquid. In order to prevent the cross section of the gas flow path from becoming smaller due to the water pressure in a state of being immersed in the liquid, the gas delivery layer is provided with a support portion that holds the space of the gas flow path.

Here, the gas delivery layer may be, for example, a hollow plate member such as corrugated cardboard arranged so as to form a gas flow path in the first direction, or a hollow body having a circular or polygonal cross section. can be done. The gas supplied to the gas delivery layer may be, for example, oxygen-containing air supplied to microorganisms when used in a wastewater treatment apparatus.

The gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer is a gas-permeable but water-impermeable sheet arranged to cover the first surface of the gas delivery layer, and has, for example, a bag shape. The surface of the gas delivery layer covered with the gas permeable and water impermeable layer may be one surface substantially parallel to the first direction, or may be a plurality of surfaces. Also, the second end opposite to the first end of the gas delivery layer may be covered with the gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer, or may be covered with another member.

Furthermore, the gas passage hole is, for example, a through hole formed in the gas delivery layer. The through holes may be formed when the gas delivery layer is molded, or may be formed by processing after the gas delivery layer is molded.

As a result, while being immersed in the liquid, the gas supplied from the first end side of the gas delivery layer can be supplied into the liquid from the surface of the gas permeable and water impermeable layer through the gas passage holes. can. Then, the supporting portion can hold the gas flow path in the gas delivery layer so that the hydraulic pressure of the liquid does not reduce the gas flow path.

As a result, a sufficient amount of gas delivery can be ensured in the gas delivery layer (gas channel).

A sheet structure according to a second invention is the sheet structure according to the first invention, wherein the gas delivery layer has a support portion that forms a gas flow path, and the first surface includes the support portion are arranged opposite to each other.

Here, for example, a hollow plate-shaped member such as a corrugated cardboard member arranged so as to form a gas flow path in the first direction is used as a support portion to configure the gas flow path in the gas delivery layer, and the first gas flow path is formed in the first direction. The surfaces are arranged to face each other so as to sandwich the support portion.

As a result, for example, by configuring the gas delivery layer using a hollow plate-like member, it is possible to configure the gas delivery layer using an inexpensive material.

A sheet structure according to a third invention is the sheet structure according to the first or second invention, wherein the gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer has a surface on which microorganisms contained in the liquid adhere. It has an attachment part.

The gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer is a layer to which microorganisms contained in liquid adhere.

Here, for example, when the sheet structure is used in a wastewater treatment apparatus, microorganisms adhere to the surface of the gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer that is in contact with the liquid while being immersed in the liquid.

Here, microorganisms contained in the waste water tend to gather on the side to which air (oxygen) is supplied if they are aerobic microorganisms.

As a result, in the sheet structure of the present invention, microorganisms adhere to the surface of the gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer in contact with the liquid in a concentrated state.

As a result, when used in wastewater treatment equipment, it supplies a sufficient amount of oxygen to microorganisms contained in wastewater, activates the action of aerobic microorganisms, and improves wastewater purification capacity. can be made

A sheet structure according to a fourth invention is the sheet structure according to any one of the first to third inventions, wherein the gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer has an opening formed on the first end side. It has a bag shape.

Here, as the gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer covering the first surface of the gas delivery layer, for example, a bag-shaped member configured by laminating sheet materials having characteristics of permeating gas but impermeable to liquid is used. there is

As a result, a state in which the first surface of the gas delivery layer is covered with the gas permeable and water impermeable layer can be formed simply by inserting the gas delivery layer from the bag-shaped opening side.

As a result, in the state of being immersed in the liquid, the liquid does not permeate to the gas delivery layer side, and the gas is allowed to permeate the liquid from the gas delivery layer side through the gas permeable and water impermeable layer. can supply.

A sheet structure according to a fifth invention is the sheet structure according to any one of the first to fourth inventions, wherein the gas delivery layer comprises a plurality of gas flows formed along the first direction. It is composed of a hollow plate member having channels.

Here, the gas delivery layer is configured using a hollow plate-like member in which a plurality of gas flow paths (vent holes) are arranged along the first direction.

Here, the hollow plate-like member is a sheet-like member composed of, for example, a rib-shaped or corrugated core material laminated so as to be sandwiched between a front sheet (liner) and a back sheet (liner). and, for example, a structure such as corrugated cardboard. The hollow plate member is made of paper, plastic, or the like, for example.

As a result, the gas delivery layer can be configured using an inexpensive material by using the vent hole portion formed by the core material of the hollow plate member as the gas flow path. If the front sheet (liner) of the hollow plate-shaped member is used as one of the first surfaces, for example, gas passage holes can be formed by forming openings on the surface of the front sheet by processing or the like.

As a result, the hollow plate member can be used to form a gas delivery layer having gas flow paths and gas passage holes.

A sheet structure according to a sixth aspect of the invention is the sheet structure according to the fifth aspect of the invention, wherein the material of the hollow plate member is any one of paper, resin, and metal.

Here, for example, paper, resins such as polyolefin, polystyrene, vinyl chloride and polyester, and metals such as aluminum can be used as preferable materials for the hollow plate member.

As a result, the gas delivery layer including the gas flow path can be configured using inexpensive materials.

A sheet structure according to a seventh invention is the sheet structure according to any one of the first to sixth inventions, wherein a fabric is laminated between the gas delivery layer and the gas permeable and water impermeable layer. are placed.

Here, a fabric is placed between the gas delivery layer and the gas permeable water impermeable layer.
Here, the fabric includes materials with high gas permeability such as woven fabrics such as cotton and hemp, and non-woven fabrics.

As a result, when the gas is supplied from the gas passage hole that communicates the gas flow path of the gas delivery layer and the gas permeable water impermeable layer, the gas passes through the fabric layer to the gas permeable water impermeable layer. , the gas supplied from the gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer into the liquid is supplied not from a local range corresponding to the gas passage holes but from a range that spreads to some extent.

As a result, the gas supply area on the surface of the gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer can be expanded, and the gas can be more efficiently supplied into the liquid.

A sheet structure according to an eighth invention is the sheet structure according to the seventh invention, wherein the material of the fabric is any one of a woven fabric, a mesh sheet, a nonwoven fabric, and a pore membrane.

Here, any one of a woven fabric, a mesh sheet, a nonwoven fabric, and a microporous membrane can be used as a preferable fabric material.
As a result, it is possible to construct a fabric with high gas permeability using inexpensive materials.

A sheet structure according to a ninth aspect is the sheet structure according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the gas delivery layer has a plurality of first gas passage holes on one first surface. and a plurality of second gas passage holes on the other first surface, and the plurality of second gas passage holes are located at positions shifted in the first direction with respect to the first gas passage holes.

Here, in a configuration using, for example, a honeycomb structure as the gas delivery layer, in order to secure a gas flow path in the first direction, two gas passage holes are arranged at positions shifted in the first direction. The honeycomb structures (one first surface, the other first surface) are superimposed.

Accordingly, by overlapping and using two or more honeycomb structures in which the positions of the gas passage holes are shifted, it is possible to form the gas flow path in the first direction.

In addition to the honeycomb, it is possible to form the gas passage holes in other shapes such as circles, rectangles, polygons, and irregular shapes.

A wastewater treatment apparatus according to a tenth aspect of the present invention comprises a purification unit including the sheet structure according to any one of the first to ninth aspects, and at least a sheet structure that stores wastewater and is included in the purification unit. and a wastewater treatment tank in which a portion is submerged.

Here, a wastewater treatment apparatus is configured that includes a purification unit including the sheet structure described above and a wastewater treatment tank in which at least part of the sheet structure included in the purification unit is immersed.

Here, the gas supplied from the gas supply source to the sheet structure includes, for example, air (oxygen) that activates aerobic microorganisms contained in the wastewater.

Also, the number of sheet structures included in the purification unit may be singular or plural.

As a result, while the purification unit (sheet structure) is immersed in the wastewater stored in the wastewater treatment tank, air (oxygen) is supplied from the gas supply source to the sheet structure, whereby the wastewater is Air can be supplied from the surface of the gas permeable water impermeable layer of the sheet structure immersed therein.

As a result, the aerobic micro-organisms in the wastewater can be supplied with air to activate them at low cost without having to arrange a pump to supply oxygen, and at least one organic substance or nitrogen source contained in the wastewater can be reduced. By promoting decomposition, the wastewater treatment capacity can be improved.

A wastewater treatment apparatus pertaining to an eleventh aspect of the invention is the wastewater treatment apparatus pertaining to the tenth aspect of the invention, further comprising a power section for feeding gas into the gas delivery layer of the sheet structure.

Here, for example, even when the height of the seat structure is 100 cm or more, a power section is provided as a configuration for providing sufficient wastewater treatment performance.

Here, the power unit may be a fan or the like for sending gas such as air to the gas delivery layer.
As a result, even when a sheet structure having a height of 100 cm or more is used, a power unit such as a fan can be used to send gas into the gas delivery layer, so the sheet structure immersed in waste water area can be increased and a sufficient amount of gas can be supplied into the waste water.
As a result, it is possible to increase the oxygen concentration in the waste water and obtain higher waste water treatment performance.

A method for manufacturing a sheet structure according to a twelfth invention is the method for manufacturing a sheet structure according to any one of the first to eighth inventions, comprising an arrangement step, a hole forming step, and a covering step. and have. The disposing step disposes the gas delivery layer. The hole forming step forms gas passage holes in the first surface of the gas delivery layer facing the gas permeable and water impermeable layer using a needle material having needles arranged on the surface thereof. In the covering step, the gas delivery layer having gas passage holes formed in the first surface is covered with a gas permeable water impermeable layer.

Here, at the time of manufacturing the sheet structure described above, after forming the gas passage holes in the first surface of the gas delivery layer using a needle material, covered by a sexual layer.

Here, as the needle material used in the hole forming step, for example, a member in which a plurality of needles are attached to the surface of a roll, or a member in which a single needle is attached and which is used to manually form a gas passage hole is used. can be used.

As a result, even when the first surface of the gas delivery layer is covered with a plate material or the like, the required gas passage holes can be easily formed by processing using the needle material in the hole forming step.
As a result, the above-described seat structure can be manufactured by an inexpensive method.

A method for manufacturing a sheet structure according to a thirteenth aspect of the invention is the method for manufacturing a sheet structure according to the twelfth aspect of the invention, wherein the needle material includes a roll-shaped main body and a plurality of needle members arranged on the surface of the main body. and a needle.

Here, a member in which a plurality of needles are attached to the surface of a roll-shaped main body is used as the needle material.

As a result, for example, by using in combination with another roll-shaped member having no needles on the surface, the desired shape on the first surface can be achieved simply by passing a hollow plate-shaped member such as corrugated cardboard between the flat plate and the roll. A hole can be formed in the position to function as a gas passage hole.

Also, even when two rolls are used, by passing the hollow plate-shaped member between the rolls, it is possible to form holes functioning as gas passage holes at desired positions on the first surface of the hollow plate-shaped member.

A method for manufacturing a sheet structure according to a fourteenth invention is the method for manufacturing a sheet structure according to the twelfth or thirteenth invention, wherein in the covering step, a bag-shaped gas permeable sheet having an opening on the first end side is formed. A gas-delivery layer constituting the gas-delivery layer is inserted through the opening of the water-impermeable layer.

Here, in the covering step, the gas delivery layer is inserted through the opening of the bag-shaped gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer.

This makes it possible to easily form a state in which the outer periphery (first surface) of the gas delivery layer is covered with the gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer.

According to the sheet structure of the present invention, it is possible to ensure a sufficient amount of gas delivery in the gas delivery layer (gas channel).

1 is a front view showing the configuration of a wastewater treatment apparatus having a sheet structure according to one embodiment of the present invention; FIG. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the wastewater treatment apparatus of FIG. 1; 2 is a side view of the wastewater treatment apparatus of FIG. 1; FIG. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a sheet structure constituting a purification unit included in the wastewater treatment apparatus of FIG. 1; FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a gas delivery layer forming the sheet structure of FIG. 4; Microbial aggregates formed on the surface of the gas-permeable water-impermeable layer of the sheet structure immersed in the wastewater in the wastewater treatment tank of the wastewater treatment apparatus of FIG. 1, and at least one organic substance or nitrogen source by the microorganisms Schematic diagram for explaining the decomposition of. 5 is a flow chart showing the flow of the manufacturing method of the seat structure of FIG. 4; FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a process of forming a gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer constituting the sheet structure of FIG. 4 into a bag shape; FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a step of inserting a hollow plate-like member (cardboard material) from the opening of the bag-like gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer of FIG. 8 ; FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a seat structure according to another embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of part A in FIG. 8 ; FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of a gas delivery layer included in a sheet structure according to still another embodiment of the present invention; 11(a) is a front view showing a honeycomb structure forming the gas delivery layer of FIG. 10; FIG. (b) is a side view thereof; (c) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of (a). The enlarged view of the C part of FIG.13(c). FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of a gas delivery layer included in a sheet structure according to still another embodiment of the present invention; 13(a) is a front view showing a honeycomb structure forming the gas delivery layer of FIG. 12; FIG. (b) is a side view thereof; (c) is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB of (a). The enlarged view of the D part of FIG.16(c). FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a gas delivery layer included in a sheet structure according to still another embodiment of the invention; FIG. 4 is a diagram comparing a seat structure according to an example of the present invention and a comparative example; (a) is a diagram showing a configuration using a hollow body having a circular or polygonal cross section as a gas delivery layer. (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of (a). (c) is a sectional view taken along the line AA when (a) has a polygonal cross section; (a) is a plan view showing a state in which the gas delivery layer shown in FIG. (b) is a side view thereof; 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the distance from the first end and the oxygen concentration in the gas delivery layer when the height of the sheet structure is changed.

A sheet structure 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention, a wastewater treatment apparatus 50 having the same, and a method for manufacturing the sheet structure 10 will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 9. FIG.

(Wastewater treatment device 50)
The wastewater treatment apparatus 50 of this embodiment purifies the wastewater W by decomposing at least one organic substance or nitrogen source in the wastewater W using the action of aerobic microorganisms contained in the wastewater W. The wastewater treatment apparatus 50 includes a wastewater treatment tank 51, a purification unit 52, and a gas supply source 53, as shown in FIG.

Note that the method for retaining the aerobic microorganisms is not limited to the above, and before the sheet structure 10 is immersed in the waste water W, the aerobic microorganisms are supported on the surface 21a of the gas permeable and water impermeable layer 21 using a process such as coating, for example. may

(Wastewater treatment tank 51)
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the wastewater treatment tank 51 is a bottomed container in which wastewater W is stored, and is provided with an inlet 51a and an outlet 51b on opposite sides.

In this embodiment, the inlet 51a and the outlet 51b are always open. Then, as shown in FIG. 3, the wastewater W is continuously supplied from the inlet 51a toward the outlet 51b arranged opposite to the inlet 51a.

Although the volume of the waste water treatment tank 51 is not particularly limited, it may be, for example, 1 m ³ or more and 10,000 m ³ or less.

(Purification unit 52)
As shown in FIG. 1, the purification unit 52 is arranged inside the wastewater treatment tank 51 and is configured to include a plurality of (five in this embodiment) sheet structures 10 . The purification unit 52 is arranged such that the portion of the sheet structure 10 other than the upper end portion is immersed in the wastewater W during use.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the purification unit 52 is arranged so that the surface of each sheet structure 10 is parallel to a straight line connecting the inlet 51a and the outlet 51b. As a result, the waste water W supplied from the inlet 51 a into the waste water treatment tank 51 moves toward the outlet 51 b without being blocked by the sheet structure 10 .

(Seat structure 10)
The sheet structure 10 is a flat member, and is immersed in the wastewater treatment tank 51 in order to supply gas (air, oxygen, etc.) to the aerobic microorganisms in the wastewater W at low cost. used in the state.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the flat sheet structure 10 is arranged so that its surfaces are developed along the vertical direction (depth direction) and lateral direction (horizontal direction) in the drawings. It is Thereby, the contact area with the waste water W is efficiently ensured. In this embodiment, the purification unit 52 is configured by a plurality of sheet structures 10 arranged in parallel with each other.

The gas supplied from the gas supply source 53 through the sheet structure 10 into the wastewater W is preferably a gas containing oxygen in order to promote the activation of aerobic microorganisms. Specifically, it may be air or pure oxygen.

As a gas supply source for supplying gas to the seat structure 10, an air supply device or the like can be used.

The sheet structure 10 includes a gas delivery layer 11 and a gas permeable and water impermeable layer 21, as shown in FIG.

(Gas delivery layer 11)
The gas-delivery layer 11 is covered with a gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer 21, which will be described later, on the outer peripheral portion except for the upper end portion. Gas is supplied to the upper end of the gas delivery layer 11 from the gas supply source 53, and a gas flow path S is formed therein. More specifically, the gas delivery layer 11 has a hollow plate member 12 and gas passage holes 13, as shown in FIG.

20(a) to 20(c), a gas delivery layer 511 composed of a hollow body having a circular or polygonal cross section is used as the gas delivery layer constituting the gas flow path S. may

In this case, as shown in FIGS. 20(a) and 20(b), gas permeable and water impermeable gas permeable and water impermeable A layer 521 may be placed.

In addition, in a configuration using a hollow body having a polygonal cross section, as shown in FIG. A non-permeable layer 521 may be provided.

When the sheet structure 10 including the gas delivery layer 11 using such a hollow body is constructed, a predetermined number of the sheet structures 10 are combined into one as shown in FIGS. 21(a) and 21(b). A plurality of sets may be installed in the wastewater treatment tank 551 .

Moreover, as a hollow body, a mesh-like polygonal cross section column or the like can be used.
For example, Dainippon Plastic Co., Ltd., high-density polyethylene trical pipe P-489, P-222, P-273, P-239, or Dainippon Plastic Co., Ltd., polyethylene netron pipe GK-50, HK-100, polypropylene Netron pipes PN1, P-506, etc., manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd. are preferably used. Alternatively, high-density polyethylene net ring-shaped contact materials XE-55R, XE-65R, and XE-90R manufactured by Xebio Plast, or high-density polyethylene net-ring contact materials XE-55P, XE-65P, and XE-90P, or , high-density polyethylene fluidized bed carrier BIO-14, BIO-33R, XE-55Z and the like are preferably used.

The outer diameter of the circular or polygonal cross section is preferably 5 mm or more, more preferably 10 mm or more, from the viewpoint of improving the gas supply performance, and preferably 100 mm or less, and 60 mm or less from the viewpoint of reducing the volume of the wastewater treatment device 50. is more preferred.

The gas delivery layer 11 may also have a configuration in which a support portion is arranged inside a hollow body having a circular or polygonal cross section.

The hollow plate-shaped member 12 is a member that constitutes the base portion of the gas delivery layer 11, and forms a gas flow path S inside to move the gas in the first direction (see the two-dot chain line in FIG. 5). At the same time, gas is released from the side surfaces (front liner 12b, back liner 12c). As shown in FIG. 5, the hollow plate member 12 includes a core member (supporting portion) 12a, a front liner (one first surface, supporting portion) 12b, and a back liner (the other first surface, supporting portion). part) 12c. For example, corrugated cardboard can be used as the hollow plate member 12 .

As shown in FIG. 5, the core material 12a has a rib-like shape and is arranged in a state of being sandwiched between a plate-like front liner 12b and a plate-like back liner 12c. As a result, gas passages S divided into a plurality of sections by the rib-shaped core members 12a are formed in the space between the front liner 12b and the back liner 12c.

Further, the core material 12a supports the front liner 12b and the back liner 12c together with the front liner 12b and the back liner 12c so that the gap between the front liner 12b and the back liner 12c is not reduced when pressed from the front liner 12b and the back liner 12c side. Acts as a support. That is, as shown in FIG. 1 and the like, the core material 12a is arranged together with the front liner 12b and the back liner 12c so as to prevent the cross-sectional area of the gas flow path S from shrinking when the sheet structure 10 is immersed in the wastewater W. Hold space.

Thereby, the gas delivery amount in the gas delivery layer 11 (gas flow path S) can be sufficiently secured.

The front liner (one first surface) 12b and the back liner (the other first surface) 12c, which are arranged to face each other, are plate-like members constituting the front and rear surfaces of the gas delivery layer 11, as shown in FIG. A plurality of through holes (gas passage holes 13) are formed in each of them.

In FIG. 5, a plurality of through-holes (gas passage holes 13) are formed in the back liner 12c, but a plurality of through-holes (gas passage holes 13) are similarly formed in the front liner 12b. shall be

The gas passage holes 13 are through holes formed in the front liner 12b and the back liner 12c, respectively, and communicate with the gas passages S formed between the core material 12a, the front liner 12b, and the back liner 12c. .

That is, the gas passage hole 13 is formed to allow communication from the gas supply source 53 to the gas permeable and water impermeable layer 21 .

The gas passage holes 13 are formed, for example, by machining the front liner 12b and the back liner 12c.

Here, since the activity of aerobic microorganisms declines if oxygen is not continuously supplied, it is important to continue supplying oxygen efficiently in order to maintain the wastewater treatment capacity.

Therefore, in the sheet structure 10 of the present embodiment, when the gas is supplied from the upper end portion of the gas delivery layer 11, the front liner (one first surface) 12b and the back liner (the other first surface) 12b of the gas delivery layer 11 The gas flows out to the gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer 21 side from the plurality of gas passage holes 13 formed in the surface 12c.

As a result, by continuously supplying air to the aerobic microorganisms adhering to the surface of the gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer 21, the action of the microorganisms is activated, and at least one organic It can efficiently decompose substances or nitrogen sources to purify wastewater.

Materials for each member constituting the gas delivery layer 11 include paper, ceramic, aluminum, iron, plastic (polyolefin resin, polystyrene resin, polyester resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, acrylic resin, urethane resin, epoxy resin, polyamide resin, methyl cellulose resin, ethyl cellulose resin, polyvinyl alcohol resin, vinyl acetate resin, phenol resin, fluororesin and polyvinyl butyral resin) and the like.

As the material of the hollow plate-shaped member 12 constituting the gas delivery layer 11, paper, aluminum, iron, polyolefin resin, polystyrene resin, vinyl chloride resin, and polyester resin are preferable because they are excellent in terms of strength. .

The area of the gas passage hole 13 is preferably in the range of 3*10 ^-8 to 2000 mm ² , particularly preferably in the range of 7*10 ^-7 to 350 mm ² .

If the area of the gas passage holes 13 is below the lower limit of the above range, the amount of air permeation through the gas passage holes 13 may decrease, and the treatment performance of the wastewater W may deteriorate. Conversely, when the area of the gas passage holes 13 exceeds the upper limit of the above range, the amount of deformation of the gas permeable water impermeable layer 21 pushed by the water pressure increases, and the movement of gas within the gas delivery layer 11 increases. is hindered, and the treatment performance of the waste water W may deteriorate.

Therefore, it is preferable that the area of the gas passage hole 13 is set within the above range.
Furthermore, the gas passage holes 13 are set so that the opening ratio of the gas passage holes 13 to the area of one side (front liner 12b or back liner 12c) of the gas delivery layer 11 is in the range of 1% to 90%. preferably within the range of 1% to 80%.

If the porosity is below the lower limit, it becomes difficult to supply oxygen to microorganisms in the wastewater W, and the wastewater treatment capacity of the wastewater W may decrease. On the contrary, when the porosity exceeds the upper limit, the portion supporting the gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer 21 decreases, and the amount of deformation of the gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer 21 pushed by water pressure increases. As a result, the movement of the gas in the gas delivery layer 11 is hindered, and the wastewater W treatment performance may be lowered.

Here, in the portion of the sheet structure 10 in contact with the waste water W, if the outer area of the gas delivery layer 11 is S1 (m ² ) and the total area of the gas passage holes 13 is S2 (m ² ), the opening of the gas passage holes 13 is The rate P (%) is obtained by the following relational expression (1).

P=S2/S1×100 (1)
In addition, from the viewpoint of maintaining the activity of aerobic microorganisms, it is preferable that an oxygen concentration of 5% or more is secured at the lowest oxygen concentration inside the gas delivery layer 11, and 10% or more. is more preferred.

As a method for maintaining the oxygen concentration within the above numerical range, the oxygen concentration can be maintained constant by supplying a predetermined amount of pure oxygen. As a method of supplying pure oxygen, for example, air supply using power is conceivable.

When the height of the seat structure 10 is less than 100 cm, the gas is sufficiently supplied without using power, so from the viewpoint of reducing energy consumption and suppressing the cost of the device, it is preferable not to use power. is.

However, when the height of the sheet structure 10 is greater than 100 cm, it is preferable to use the power section to deliver the gas in order to obtain higher wastewater treatment performance.

FIG. 22 shows the relationship between the distance from the first end and the oxygen concentration in the gas delivery layer 11 in the waste water treatment device prepared by preparing two types of sheet structures with a height of 200 cm and a height of 100 cm. graph.

In the example shown in FIG. 22, the oxygen concentration of the gas inside the gas delivery layer was measured after 30 days with simulated waste water flowing in the tank and the water temperature maintained at 24°C to 27°C.

As shown in FIG. 22, when the height of the sheet structure 10 was 100 cm, the oxygen concentration was sufficient for waste water treatment, and good waste water treatment performance was obtained.

On the other hand, when the height of the sheet structure 10 was 200 cm, the oxygen concentration was low. Wastewater treatment was possible even under this condition, but compared with the case where the height of the sheet structure 10 was 100 cm, good treatment performance was not obtained.

Next, even if the height of the sheet structure 10 is 200 cm, the pipe is inserted from the first end of the gas delivery layer 11, and the pipe is placed at a distance of 190 cm from the first end of the gas delivery layer 11. was inserted, and the power section was placed at the other end of the pipe to send air, the oxygen concentration inside the gas delivery layer 11 was the same as that of the air, and good wastewater treatment performance was obtained.

As a method of sending the gas using power, for example, a fan may be installed in the waste water treatment device 50 so that the flow of gas generated by the fan enters the gas delivery layer 11 .

For example, a ceiling fan may be installed on top of the seat structure 10 so that the wind generated by the ceiling fan enters the gas delivery layer 11 . Alternatively, a pipe may be provided at the air outlet of a fan installed at an arbitrary location, and the gas outlet from the pipe may be provided inside the gas delivery layer 11 .

As another method for improving the gas supply rate, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the gas delivery layer 11 to the area in contact with the first surface of the gas delivery layer 11 in the gas permeable and water impermeable layer 21 of the sheet structure 10 Is there a way to increase the

Specifically, it is preferable to increase the inner diameter of the cross section formed by the first surface of the gas delivery layer 11, or to increase the distance between the opposing first surfaces of the gas delivery layer 11. .

Here, the length in the vertical direction (the depth direction during immersion) of the gas channel S formed in the gas delivery layer 11 may be, for example, 0.2 m or more, preferably 0.8 m or more. , 3.7 m or more. Also, the length may be, for example, 6 m or less, preferably 4 m or less. The length of the gas channel S in the lateral direction orthogonal to the vertical direction may be, for example, 0.2 m or more, preferably 0.6 m or more, and may be, for example, 3.6 m or less, preferably 1.8 m or less. you can

Here, the vertical length of the gas flow channel S being equal to or greater than the above lower limit value facilitates the maintenance of the gas flow channel S, facilitates the ventilation of the gas flow channel S, and improves the wastewater treatment performance. Preferably, it is not more than the above upper limit in terms of better obtaining the effect of improving the wastewater treatment capacity by ventilation of the gas flow path S, ease of installation, and the like.

In addition, it is preferable that the length of the gas flow path S in the horizontal direction is equal to or more than the above lower limit in terms of efficiently securing the contact area with the waste water W and improving the waste water treatment efficiency. It is preferable in terms of ease of maintaining the strength of the entire seat structure 10 and ease of installation of the purification unit 52 .

The length of contact with the wastewater W with respect to the length of the gas flow path S may be, for example, 80% or more and 95% or less. It is preferable that the water contact length is at least the above lower limit in terms of securing a good amount of oxygen supplied from the gas flow path S and improving the wastewater treatment efficiency, and the water contact length is at most the above upper limit. This is preferable in terms of preventing the waste water W from entering the gas flow path S.

Alternatively, in terms of preventing the waste water W from entering the gas flow path S, the water contact length is such that the water surface of the waste water W is separated from the opening 21b of the sheet structure 10 (gas permeable water impermeable layer 21) by 2 cm or more. may be set.

The thickness of the gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer 21 may be, for example, 15 μm or more and 1 mm or less. It is preferable that the thickness is at least the above lower limit in terms of preventing damage and stably securing the gas flow path S, and that the thickness is at most the above upper limit ensures good oxygen permeability and wastewater treatment efficiency. is preferable in terms of improving

(Gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer 21)
As shown in FIG. 4, the gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer 21 is arranged so as to cover the outer peripheral portion of the gas delivery layer 11 excluding the upper end portion.

The gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer 21 allows air to permeate from the inside (gas delivery layer 11) to the outside (wastewater W) in a state in which the sheet structure 10 is immersed in the wastewater treatment tank 51, and the outside It is composed of a film having the property of not permeating waste water from (waste water W) to the inside (gas delivery layer 11). The gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer 21 supplies air (oxygen) into the wastewater W from its surface 21a.

As a result, as shown in FIG. 6, aerobic microorganisms in the wastewater W gather on the surface 21a of the gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer 21 to which air (oxygen) is continuously supplied. Therefore, microorganisms adhere to the surface 21a of the gas permeable and water impermeable layer 21 .

The gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer 21 is formed, for example, by stacking two films and adhering the ends on three sides to form the upper end (the end on the side to which gas is supplied to the gas delivery layer 11). 21b (see FIG. 4). The position or shape of the opening 21b is not limited, and a part of each end (including the top side, bottom side, and horizontal side (vertical line) of the bag) may be an opening.

By inserting the above-described gas delivery layer 11 into the opening 21b, the sheet structure 10 in which the outer periphery of the gas delivery layer 11 is covered with the gas permeable and water impermeable layer 21 is constructed.

Here, the gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer 21 means a layer that is permeable to gas but impermeable to liquid (water, solution, etc.).

As the gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer 21, a microporous membrane, fabric, or the like can be used. Also, the gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer 21 may be coated with a resin on its surface, or may be a sheet in which pores are not formed. Furthermore, the gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer 21 may be composed of a single material, or may be composed of a combination of multiple materials.

The material of the gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer 21 is fluororesin including polyolefin, polystyrene, polysulfone, polyethersulfone, polyarylsulfone, polymethylpentene, polytetrafluoroethylene and polyvinylidene fluoride, polybutadiene, poly(dimethylsiloxane). ), and polymeric materials selected from copolymers of these materials.

<Manufacturing Method of Seat Structure 10>
The manufacturing method of the seat structure 10 of this embodiment is performed according to the flowchart shown in FIG.

Here, the sheet structure 10 is obtained, for example, by inserting the gas delivery layer 11 inside the gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer 21 shaped like a bag.

Specifically, in step S11 shown in FIG. 7, the hollow plate member 12 constituting the gas delivery layer 11 is arranged at a predetermined position (placement step).

Next, in step S12, needle material is used to form through-holes (one of the first surfaces) of the front liner 12b of the hollow plate member 12 (one first surface) and the other surface of the back liner 12c (the other first surface). A plurality of gas passage holes 13) are formed (hole formation step).

Here, for the needle material for hole processing, for example, a roll-shaped configuration in which needles are arranged on the surface of the entire frame of the gas delivery layer 11 may be used.

In this case, by rotating a roll on which needles are arranged on the surface and passing the hollow plate-like member 12 between the roll and the flat surface, through holes (gas passage holes 13) are formed in the surface of the hollow plate-like member 12. can be formed.

As the needle material for forming the gas passage holes 13, for example, instead of the roll-shaped configuration, the gas passage holes 13 are formed by pressing a plate having needles arranged on the surface thereof against the surface of the hollow plate member 12. You may

Further, for example, the gas passage holes 13 may be formed using a cutting tool such as a cutter knife.

Next, in step S13, substantially rectangular gas-permeable and water-impermeable films are superimposed and their three ends are adhered to form a bag-like gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer 21 .

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 8, the films F1 and F2 unwound from the two rolls R1 and R2 are superimposed and heat-sealed at three ends to form a heat-sealed portion 21c. . Then, the films F1 and F2 are cut at the portion to be the opening 21b in a state where three sides are sealed by the heat-sealed portion 21c.

The method of forming the gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer 21 into a bag shape is not particularly limited, but for example, two gas-permeable and water-impermeable substantially rectangular films are superimposed on each other, You may shape|mold by adhering|attaching the outer peripheral edge part of 3 sides. Alternatively, a tubular gas-permeable and water-impermeable film may be formed into a bag by adhering only one opening. Alternatively, one sheet of film may be folded in half, and the left and right ends may be heat-sealed to form a bag. Alternatively, the bag-like gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer 21 may be formed by inflation molding or the like.

Also, the method of adhering the film is not particularly limited, and for example, heat fusion, double-sided tape, adhesives, etc. can be used.

The temperature for thermal fusion is preferably the melting point of the gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer or higher and the thermal decomposition temperature or lower. As the adhesive material, one having at least one of water resistance, waterproofness, chemical resistance, and microbial decomposition resistance is preferable.

Next, in step S14, as shown in FIG. 9, the hollow plate member 12 having the gas passage holes 13 formed therein is inserted through the opening 21b of the bag-shaped gas permeable and water impermeable layer 21 (covering step). .

The direction in which the hollow plate member 12 is inserted from the opening 21b of the gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer 21 is along the direction of the gas flow path S formed by the core material 12a and the like.

Thereby, the seat structure 10 can be constructed in a state in which the gas supply source can be connected from the upper end portion.

(Embodiment 2)
The seat structure 110 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11. FIG.

The sheet structure 110 of this embodiment differs from the structure of the first embodiment in that the fabric 131 is arranged between the gas delivery layer 111 and the gas permeable and water impermeable layer 121 .

That is, in the sheet structure 110 of this embodiment, the fabric 131 may be arranged between the gas permeable and water impermeable layer 121 and the gas delivery layer 111, as shown in FIG.

Here, the fabric 131 can be, for example, a mesh sheet, a woven fabric, a nonwoven fabric, or a microporous membrane.

Materials for the fabric 131 include, for example, polyolefin resin, polystyrene resin, polyester resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, acrylic resin, urethane resin, epoxy resin, polyamide resin, methyl cellulose resin, ethyl cellulose resin, polyvinyl alcohol resin, and vinyl acetate resin. , phenolic resins, fluororesins and polyvinyl butyral resins.

In particular, from the viewpoint of gas permeability, the fabric 131 is particularly preferably formed of paper, polyolefin resin, polystyrene resin, vinyl chloride resin, or polyester resin.

Regarding the adhesion part when the fabric 131 is laminated, it may be only the outer peripheral part, or if the gas can be supplied to the gas permeable water impermeable layer 121, the gas permeable water impermeable layer 121 and the gas delivery layer. The entire surface of the fabric 131 may be adhered to 111 .

Thus, by interposing the fabric 131 between the gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer 121 and the gas delivery layer 111, as shown in FIG. can be moved to Therefore, compared to a configuration in which the fabric 131 is not interposed, the gas delivered from the gas passage holes 13 of the gas delivery layer 111 is expanded in the planar direction of the back liner 12c of the hollow plate-shaped member 12 to provide a non-gas-permeable structure. It can be supplied to the water permeable layer 121 .

As a result, the gas is not locally supplied from the gas-permeable water-impermeable layer 121 in contact with the wastewater W, but the gas is introduced into the wastewater W from a wider range than in a configuration in which the fabric 131 is not interposed. can be supplied to

In addition, since the fabric 131 is sandwiched between the gas delivery layer 111 and the gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer 121 , the gas passage holes 113 are in close contact with the gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer 121 . Blockage of gas movement can be prevented.

Furthermore, since the nonwoven fabric forming the fabric 131 has a large number of fine air holes, it is possible to expect an effect of preventing the airtight state.

For example, unevenness may be formed on the surface of the gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer 121 opposite to the surface in contact with the wastewater W. Even with this configuration, it is possible to obtain the same effect as when the fabric is arranged.

(Embodiment 3)
A seat structure according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 12 to 14. FIG.

The sheet structure of this embodiment differs from that of Embodiment 1 in that it employs a honeycomb structure instead of a hollow plate-like member as a member constituting the gas delivery layer 211. .

That is, as shown in FIG. 12, the gas delivery layer 211 constituting the sheet structure of the present embodiment includes a first structure 212 having a honeycomb structure and cells (gas passage holes 212a) of the first structure 212. is configured by combining a second structure 213 having a honeycomb structure in which cells (gas passage holes 213a) of different sizes are arranged.

As a result, as shown in FIGS. 13A and 13B, when the first structure 212 and the second structure 213 are overlapped, the gas passage holes 212a of the first structure 212 and the second structures 212a and 212a The gas passage hole 213a of the structure 213 is arranged at a position shifted in the vertical direction, as shown in FIG. 13(c).

As a result, when air is supplied from the upper end portion of the gas delivery layer 211, as shown in FIG. Gas can be moved in one direction.

That is, in the present embodiment, the gas delivery layer 211 is configured by combining the first structural body 212 and the second structural body 213 having gas passage holes 212a and 213a with different sizes forming a honeycomb structure, The gas passage holes 212a and 213a can be used as they are as gas passage holes.

Furthermore, by configuring the gas delivery layer 211 by combining the first structure 212 and the second structure 213 having gas passage holes 212a and 213a with different sizes, the gas passage holes 212a and 213a are shifted. A gas flow path S can be formed through the space.

As a result, the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained.
The gas delivery layer 211 partially adheres the honeycomb structure of the first structure 212 and the second structure 213, and expands the multi-layered face material in the normal direction of the surface. and gas passage holes can be formed.

However, the gas passages and the gas passage holes may be formed by perforating the surface material before the expansion. In that case, it is possible to supply air only with the first structure.

Also, the first structure 212 and the second structure 213 constituting the gas delivery layer 211 may be formed using the same material as the hollow plate-like member described in the first embodiment.

(Embodiment 4)
A seat structure according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 15 to 17. FIG.

In the sheet structure of the present embodiment, as in the case of the third embodiment, the core material (supporting portion) 12a shown in FIG. The configuration differs from the configuration of the first embodiment in that instead of corrugated cardboard material, a configuration in which the positional relationship of the core member (supporting portion) 12a in FIG. 5 is a honeycomb structure is adopted.

In addition, in the sheet structure of the present embodiment, the first structure 312 and the second structure 313 constituting the gas delivery layer 311 have gas passage holes 312a and 313a of approximately the same size. This is different from the above third embodiment.

That is, as shown in FIG. 15, in the sheet structure of the present embodiment, a first structure 312 having a honeycomb structure and cells (gas passage holes 312a) of the first structure 312 are arranged in a first direction ( and a second structural body 313 having a honeycomb structure having cells (gas passage holes 313a) arranged at positions shifted in the vertical direction).

As a result, as shown in FIGS. 16A and 16B, when the first structure 312 and the second structure 313 are overlapped while being shifted in the vertical direction, the first structure 312 As shown in FIG. 16C, the gas passage holes 312a and the gas passage holes 313a of the second structure 313 are arranged at positions shifted in the vertical direction.

As a result, when air is supplied from the upper end portion of the gas delivery layer 311, as shown in FIG. Gas can be moved in one direction.

That is, in the present embodiment, the gas delivery layer 311 is configured by combining the first structural body 312 and the second structural body 313 having gas passage holes 312a and 313a of approximately the same size that form a honeycomb structure. The gas passage holes 312a and 313a can be used as they are as gas passage holes.

Furthermore, by configuring the gas delivery layer 311 by combining the first structure 312 and the second structure 313 having gas passage holes 312a and 313a with different sizes, the gas passage holes 312a and 313a are shifted. A gas flow path S can be formed through the space.

As a result, the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained.
The gas delivery layer 311 partially adheres the honeycomb structure of the first structure 312 and the second structure 313, and expands the multi-layered face material in the normal direction of the surface. and gas passage holes can be formed.

However, the gas passages and the gas passage holes may be formed by perforating the surface material before the expansion. In that case, it is possible to supply air only with the first structure.

Also, the first structure 312 and the second structure 313 that constitute the gas delivery layer 311 may be formed using the same material as the hollow plate member described in the first embodiment.

[Other embodiments]
Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications are possible without departing from the gist of the invention.

(A)
The sheet structure 10 of the above embodiment has been described with an example of being used in the wastewater treatment device 50 for purifying wastewater with microorganisms in the wastewater. However, the present invention is not limited to this.

For example, by supplying oxygen to the liquid to oxidize the metal ions, metal compound ions, etc. in the liquid to precipitate or form precipitates, the above metal ions, metal compound ions, etc. can be separated from the liquid. The seat structure of the invention may be applied. Alternatively, a device that separates the metal ions, metal compound ions, etc. from the liquid by supplying a reducing gas to the liquid to reduce the metal ions, metal compound ions, etc. in the liquid and precipitate or form a precipitate. The seat structure of the present invention may be applied to

Further, for example, the sheet structure of the present invention may be applied to various devices other than wastewater treatment devices that require stable supply of oxygen to liquids.

For example, the sheet structure of the present invention may be applied to a device that separates gas dissolved in liquid. Specific examples include separation of low-molecular-weight hydrocarbon compounds dissolved in a liquid. In this case, the direction of movement of the gas is opposite to the embodiment shown above.

(B)
In the above embodiment, an example using the planar sheet structure 10 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this.

For example, a structure in which a planar sheet structure is wound may be used, or a sheet structure molded in a cylindrical shape may be used.

(C)
In the above embodiment, the sheet structure 10 is constructed by inserting the gas delivery layer 11 from the opening 21b of the gas permeable and water impermeable layer 21 formed into a bag shape. However, the present invention is not limited to this.

For example, a structure in which a gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer is laminated and adhered to the surface of the gas delivery layer may be used.

As the site to be adhered, only the outer peripheral portion of the gas permeable and water impermeable layer may be adhered, or if gas can be supplied to the gas permeable and water impermeable layer, the gas permeable and water impermeable layer may be adhered. The layer and the gas delivery layer may be adhered on all surfaces.

(D)
In the above embodiment, an example using the gas delivery layer 11 including the rib-like core material 12a, the front liner 12b, and the back liner 12c has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this.

For example, as shown in FIG. 18, a front liner (one side liner) having a corrugated core member (supporting portion) 412a in a cross-sectional view arranged along the gas flow path S and having a plurality of gas passage holes 413 formed therein. A hollow plate member 412 disposed between the first surface 412b and the back liner 412c may be used as the gas delivery layer 411. FIG.

(E)
In the above embodiments 3 and 4, the gas delivery layers 211 and 311 are respectively configured by combining two honeycomb structure members of the first structures 212 and 312 and the second structures 213 and 313. did. However, the present invention is not limited to this.

For example, three or more honeycomb structure members may be combined to form the gas delivery layer.

Here, using the sheet structure 10 of the present invention described above, the processing ability to purify at least one organic substance or nitrogen source contained in the wastewater W was verified after comparison with a comparative example, and the results are shown in FIG. shown in

(Evaluation of organic substance removal rate)
A sheet structure 10 with a height of 90 cm and a width of 60 cm is installed in an evaluation tank capable of storing simulated waste water having the following composition, the evaluation tank is filled with simulated waste water, and 5 g of soil microorganisms are added as microorganisms responsible for decomposing organic matter. did. Wastewater treatment performance was evaluated by continuously inflowing and outflowing simulated wastewater. The size of the evaluation tank and the flow rate of the simulated waste water were adjusted so that the area load of organic matter was 13 g COD/m ² ·d and the volume load of organic matter was 0.3 kg COD/m ³ ·d. The water temperature in the evaluation tank was maintained at 27±3° C. by installing a heater in the evaluation tank.

<Composition of organic matter-containing water>
Soluble starch: 0.8 g/L, peptone: 0.084 g/L, yeast extract: 0.4 g/L, urea: 0.052 g/L, CaCl2: 0.055 g/L, KH2PO4: 0.017 g/L, MgSO4.7H2O: 0.001 g/L, KCl: 0.07 g/L, NaHCO3: 0.029 g/L.

As a solvent, tap water at the Kyoto Research Institute of Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. was used.
After 28 days, 29 days, and 30 days, the CODCr concentration A (mg/L) of the influent and the CODCr concentration B (mg/L) of the effluent were measured, and the above 3 of r calculated by the following relational expression The average value of the points was defined as the organic substance removal rate R (%).

r=(AB)/A×100
The CODCr concentration was measured using a photoLab 7600 UV-VIS absorbance water quality meter manufactured by WTW and VARIO COD measurement reagent LR according to the protocol specified in the product. When the CODCr concentration exceeded the measurement range of the measurement reagent, the sample to be measured was diluted with ion-exchanged water so as to fall within the measurement range, and the measured value was multiplied by the dilution ratio to obtain the measured CODCr concentration.

In this embodiment, as the gas delivery layer 11, the rib-shaped core material is arranged in a straight line, and the rib-shaped core material is divided into a plate-like front sheet (liner) and a plate-like back sheet (liner). Plastic corrugated cardboard made by Yamako Co., Ltd. (thickness: 5 mm, weight per unit area: 800 g/m ² ), which is a hollow plate-shaped member stacked so as to be sandwiched between the two, was used.

On this plastic corrugated board, a roll having a plurality of needles arranged on its surface is rotated, and the plastic corrugated board is passed between the roll and the plane, thereby forming a plurality of gas passage holes 13 on the surface of the plastic corrugated board.

The dimensions of the gas passage holes 13 were about 2 mm in width and about 1 mm in length, and the ratio of the total area of the gas passage holes to the surface (opening ratio) was about 2%.

As the gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer 21, the front liner 12b is provided with a sheet (Celpore NW07H, manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., holding nonwoven fabric on both sides) in which nonwoven fabric is laminated on an air-permeable waterproof film. It was laminated so that the part of was in contact with the waste water W. At this time, the length of contact with the waste water W was 90% of the length of the gas flow path S of the sheet structure.

The sheet structure 10 , which is a laminate of the gas delivery layer 11 , fabric 131 , and gas permeable water-impermeable layer 21 , was placed in a wastewater treatment tank 51 so that wastewater W would not enter the gas delivery layer 11 .

As a result, the organic substance removal rate was 72%.

In this example, the same sheet structure as in Example 1 was used, except that the total ratio (opening ratio) of the gas passage holes 13 in the gas delivery layer 11 was changed from about 2% to 10%. .

As a result, when the sheet structure was used, the organic substance removal rate was 85%.

In this example, the same sheet structure as in Example 1 was used, except that the total ratio (opening ratio) of the gas passage holes 13 of the gas delivery layer 11 was changed from about 2% to about 55%. board.

When this sheet structure was used, the organic substance removal rate was 87%.

In this example, the same sheet structure as in Example 1 was used, except that the total ratio (opening ratio) of the gas passage holes 13 of the gas delivery layer 11 was changed from about 2% to about 78%. board.

As a result, when the sheet structure was used, the organic substance removal rate was 89%.

In this example, the same sheet structure as in Example 2 was used, except that the nonwoven fabric on the gas delivery layer side was removed from the air permeable waterproof film NW07H.

When this sheet structure was used, the organic substance removal rate was 67%.

In this example, the fabric (non-woven fabric manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd., Bolance 7217P, weight per unit area: 220 g/m2, thickness: 0.9 mm) was laminated between the air-permeable waterproof film and the gas delivery layer, except that the above Example 5 was laminated. A similar sheet structure was used.

When this sheet structure was used, the organic substance removal rate was 85%.

In this example, a fabric (82607WSO non-woven fabric manufactured by Unitika Ltd., basis weight 260 g/m2, thickness 0.7 mm) was laminated between the air-permeable waterproof film and the gas delivery layer. A similar sheet structure was used.

When this sheet structure was used, the organic substance removal rate was 78%.

In this example, the fabric (non-woven fabric manufactured by Unitika Ltd., Elves II, basis weight: 30 g/m2, thickness: 0.1 mm) was laminated between the air-permeable waterproof film and the gas delivery layer. A similar sheet structure was used.

When this sheet structure was used, the organic substance removal rate was 72%.

In this example, plastic corrugated cardboard manufactured by Yamako Co., Ltd. (thickness: 12 mm, weight per unit area: 1800 g/m ² ) was used as the gas delivery layer 11, and the total ratio (opening ratio) of the gas passage holes 13 in the gas delivery layer 11 was changed from about 2% to about 5%.

When this sheet structure was used, the organic substance removal rate was 86%.

In this example, XE-55Z fluidized bed support manufactured by Xebioplast Co., Ltd. (made of high-density polyethylene, outer diameter 55 mm, inner diameter 47 mm, porosity 44%, basis weight 990 g/m ² ) was used as the gas delivery layer 11. .

The fluidized bed support was cylindrical, and the fluidized bed support was connected in the height direction of the cylinder so that the height was 900 mm, and was used as the cylindrical gas delivery layer 11 .

On the cylindrical gas delivery layer 11, a sheet (Celpore NW07H) in which a nonwoven fabric is laminated on an air permeable waterproof film is laminated as a gas permeable water impermeable layer 21 so that the nonwoven fabric part is in contact with the wastewater W. A sheet structure 10 was used. At this time, the length of contact with the wastewater was 90% of the length of the gas flow path S of the sheet structure 10 .

The laminate of the gas delivery layer 11 and the gas permeable water impermeable layer 21 was placed in a waste water treatment tank 51 so that the waste water W would not enter the gas delivery layer 11 . In this example, unlike Examples 1 to 9, the above-described seven laminates with a height of 900 mm are arranged in a straight line in the diameter direction of the cylinder circle of the gas delivery layer and installed in the wastewater treatment tank 51. did.

As a result, the organic substance removal rate was 70%.

As the gas delivery layer 11, Netron pipe PN1.5 manufactured by Dainippon Plastics Co., Ltd. (made of polypropylene, outer diameter 35 mm, inner diameter 28 mm, porosity 28%, basis weight 1130 g / m ² ) was used. A sheet structure 10 similar to Example 10 was used. In this example, 12 laminates were arranged in a straight line in the diameter direction of the cylinder of the gas delivery layer and installed in the wastewater treatment tank 51 .

As a result, the organic substance removal rate was 77%.

Comparative example 1

In this comparative example, the same sheet structure as in Example 1 was used, except that the gas delivery layer 11 did not have the gas permeation holes 13 .

As a result, the organic matter removal rate was 22%, indicating that the organic matter was anaerobically treated.

Comparative example 2

As a comparative example of the above Examples 1 and 2, the gas delivery layer used a corrugated plate made of PVC resin manufactured by Takiron C.I. A sheet structure similar to that of Examples 1 and 2 was produced, except for the point.

In this comparative example, a sheet structure, which is a laminate of a gas delivery layer and a gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer, was installed in a wastewater treatment tank so that wastewater would not enter the gas delivery layer.

As a result, the organic substance removal rate decreased to 60%.
Thus, when comparing the results of Examples 1 to 9 and Comparative Example 1, since the gas delivery layer 11 does not use the gas permeation holes 13, even if the fabric is used, oxygen cannot be supplied well, and the aerobic It could not contribute to the activation of microorganisms. Therefore, the efficiency of the organic matter removal rate was poor.

Further, when comparing the results of Examples 1 to 9 and Comparative Example 1, the gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer follows the corrugated plate due to water pressure by using the corrugated plate instead of the corrugated board as the gas delivery layer. As a result, the gas flow path became narrow. As a result, it was found that the oxygen in the gas supply source was not sent to the aerobic microorganisms, and the organic matter removal rate decreased.

Furthermore, in Examples 1 to 4 and 6 to 9, the fabric is interposed between the gas delivery layer and the gas permeable and water impermeable layer, so that the space in the normal direction is widened, so that oxygen can be supplied smoothly. It was found that organic substances were removed efficiently.

In addition, although fabric is not used in Example 5, compared to Comparative Example 2, corrugated cardboard, which is a hollow plate-like member, is used for the sheet structure. It was found that organic substances could be removed efficiently.

The sheet structure of the present invention has the effect of ensuring a sufficient amount of gas delivery in the gas delivery layer (gas channel). It is widely applicable to various devices.

10 sheet structure 11 gas delivery layer 12 cardboard material (hollow plate-like member)
12a core material (supporting part)
12b front liner (one first surface, supporting part)
12c back liner (the other first surface, supporting portion)
13 gas passage hole 21 gas permeable water impermeable layer 21a surface 21b opening 21c heat welded portion 50 wastewater treatment device 51 wastewater treatment tank 51a inlet 51b outlet 52 purification unit 53 gas supply source 110 sheet structure 111 gas delivery layer 113 Gas passage hole 121 Gas permeable water impermeable layer 131 Cloth 211 Gas delivery layer 212 First structure (honeycomb structure)
212a gas passage hole 213 second structure (honeycomb structure)
213a gas passage hole 311 gas delivery layer 312 first structure (honeycomb structure)
312a gas passage hole 313 second structure (honeycomb structure)
313a gas passage hole 411 gas delivery layer 412 cardboard material (hollow plate-like member)
412a core material (supporting part)
412b front liner (one first surface, supporting part)
412c back liner (the other first surface, supporting part)
413 Gas passage holes F1, F2 Films R1, R2 Roll S Gas channel W Waste water

Claims (13)

A sheet structure that supplies gas supplied from a gas supply source into the liquid while being immersed in the liquid,
a gas delivery layer for delivering the gas supplied from the first end side in a first direction and having a first surface;
a gas passage hole formed in the first surface;
a gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer covering the first surface, the layer having properties of allowing the gas to permeate to the outside and preventing the liquid on the outside from permeating to the inside;
with
The gas delivery layer has a plurality of first gas passage holes on one of the first surfaces and a plurality of second gas passage holes on the other first surface. the plurality of second gas passage holes are located at positions shifted in the first direction by
sheet structure. The gas delivery layer has a support that forms a gas flow path,
The first surfaces are arranged to face each other with the support portion sandwiched therebetween.
The seat structure according to claim 1. The gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer has, on its surface, a microorganism-adhering portion to which microorganisms contained in the liquid adhere,
The seat structure according to claim 1 or 2. The gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer has a bag shape with an opening formed on the first end side,
The seat structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The gas delivery layer is composed of a hollow plate-shaped member having a plurality of the gas flow paths formed along the first direction,
The seat structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4. The material of the hollow plate member is any one of paper, resin, and metal.
The seat structure according to claim 5. a fabric is laminated between the gas delivery layer and the gas permeable water impermeable layer;
A seat structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6. The material of the fabric is any one of a woven fabric, a mesh sheet, a nonwoven fabric, and a pore membrane,
The seat structure according to claim 7. a purification unit comprising the sheet structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8 ;
a wastewater treatment tank in which wastewater is stored and in which at least part of the sheet structure included in the purification unit is immersed;
wastewater treatment equipment. further comprising a power section for forcing gas into the gas delivery layer of the sheet structure;
A wastewater treatment apparatus according to claim 9 . A sheet structure that supplies gas supplied from a gas supply source into the liquid while being immersed in the liquid,
a gas delivery layer for delivering the gas supplied from the first end side in a first direction and having a first surface;
a gas passage hole formed in the first surface;
a gas-permeable and water-impermeable layer covering the first surface, the layer having properties of allowing the gas to permeate to the outside and preventing the liquid on the outside from permeating to the inside;
A method for manufacturing a seat structure comprising
a positioning step of positioning the gas delivery layer;
a hole forming step of forming the gas passage holes in a first surface of the gas delivery layer facing the gas permeable and water impermeable layer using a needle material having needles arranged on the surface thereof;
a covering step of covering the gas delivery layer having the gas passage holes formed in the first surface with the gas permeable and water impermeable layer;
A method of manufacturing a seat structure comprising: The needle material has a roll-shaped main body and a plurality of needles arranged on the surface of the main body.
The manufacturing method of the seat structure according to claim 11 . In the covering step, the gas delivery layer is inserted through the opening of the bag-shaped gas permeable and water impermeable layer having an opening on the first end side.
The manufacturing method of the seat structure according to claim 11 or 12 .

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