JP7146719B2 - 半導体装置 - Google Patents
半導体装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7146719B2 JP7146719B2 JP2019199205A JP2019199205A JP7146719B2 JP 7146719 B2 JP7146719 B2 JP 7146719B2 JP 2019199205 A JP2019199205 A JP 2019199205A JP 2019199205 A JP2019199205 A JP 2019199205A JP 7146719 B2 JP7146719 B2 JP 7146719B2
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims description 47
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 49
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 49
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001036 glow-discharge mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001342 Bakelite® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
- H01B1/026—Alloys based on copper
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/48—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor
- H01L23/488—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor consisting of soldered or bonded constructions
- H01L23/49—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor consisting of soldered or bonded constructions wire-like arrangements or pins or rods
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/42—Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/47—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process
- H01L2224/48—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process of an individual wire connector
- H01L2224/4805—Shape
- H01L2224/4809—Loop shape
- H01L2224/48091—Arched
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/42—Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/47—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process
- H01L2224/48—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process of an individual wire connector
- H01L2224/484—Connecting portions
- H01L2224/48455—Details of wedge bonds
- H01L2224/48456—Shape
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/42—Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/47—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process
- H01L2224/48—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process of an individual wire connector
- H01L2224/484—Connecting portions
- H01L2224/48463—Connecting portions the connecting portion on the bonding area of the semiconductor or solid-state body being a ball bond
- H01L2224/48465—Connecting portions the connecting portion on the bonding area of the semiconductor or solid-state body being a ball bond the other connecting portion not on the bonding area being a wedge bond, i.e. ball-to-wedge, regular stitch
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/80—Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected
- H01L2224/85—Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected using a wire connector
- H01L2224/8512—Aligning
- H01L2224/85148—Aligning involving movement of a part of the bonding apparatus
- H01L2224/85169—Aligning involving movement of a part of the bonding apparatus being the upper part of the bonding apparatus, i.e. bonding head, e.g. capillary or wedge
- H01L2224/8518—Translational movements
- H01L2224/85181—Translational movements connecting first on the semiconductor or solid-state body, i.e. on-chip, regular stitch
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/15—Details of package parts other than the semiconductor or other solid state devices to be connected
- H01L2924/181—Encapsulation
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Wire Bonding (AREA)
Description
板と、前記第1電極と前記第2電極とを接続するボンディングワイヤとを備える半導体装置において、前記ボンディングワイヤは、純度が99.999質量%以上の銅からなり、前記第1電極及び前記第2電極のいずれか一方にフリーエアボールを圧着して形成された1次接合部と、他方に前記ボンディングワイヤの外周面を圧着して形成された2次接合部と、前記1次接合部と前記2次接合部との間に設けられたワイヤ本体部とを備え、前記ワイヤ本体部における銅結晶の平均粒径R1に対する前記2次接合部における銅結晶の平均粒径R2の比率(R2/R1)が0.8以上であるものである。
図1に例示する本実施形態の半導体装置Pは、例えば、パワーIC、LSI、トランジスタ、BGA(Ball Grid Array package)、QFN(Quad Flat Nonlead package)、LED(発光ダイオード)等のように、半導体素子1の第1電極10と回路配線基板(リードフレーム、セラミック基板、プリント基板等)2の第2電極11とが、ボンディングワイヤWを用いたボールボンディング法によって接続されたものである。なお、半導体装置Pは、望ましい形態として、ボンディングワイヤWで接続された第1電極10及び第2電極11とともに半導体素子1が樹脂3で封止されている。
上記したボンディングワイヤWは、純度99.999質量%以上の銅からなり、不純物として種々の元素を含有してもよい。例えば、リン(P)、硫黄(S)、鉄(Fe)、銀(Ag)、ニッケル(Ni)、クロム(Cr)、マンガン(Mn)、マグネシウム(Mg)、カルシウム(Ca)、ナトリウム(Na)、アルミニウム(Al)、ケイ素(Si)、アンチモン(Sb)、ヒ素(As)及びビスマス(Bi)等を不純物として含有してもよい。ただし、リン、硫黄、鉄及び銀は、耐熱衝撃性への影響が大きいため含有量が制御されている。
次に、第1電極10と第2電極11の接続に用いるボンディングワイヤWの製造方法の一例を説明する。
上記した本実施形態の半導体装置Pでは、ボンディングワイヤWのワイヤ本体部16における銅結晶の平均粒径R1に対する2次接合部14における銅結晶の平均粒径R2の比率ρが0.8以上であり、大きな加工を受ける2次接合部14と、加工を受けない部分及び低い加工を受けた部分からなるワイヤ本体部16とで銅結晶の粒径の差が小さい。そのため、周囲温度の変化によってボンディングワイヤWに負荷がかかっても、その負荷をワイヤの広い範囲に分散することができ破断を防ぐことができ、耐熱衝撃性を良好にすることができる。
(a)熱サイクル試験
樹脂封止を行った半導体装置を市販の熱サイクル試験装置を用いて評価した。温度履歴は-60℃で30分間保持した後、150℃まで昇温しこの温度で30分間保持する。これを1サイクルとして、1サイクル終了毎にボンディングワイヤWの破断がないかどうか電気的測定を行い、破断した時のサイクル数を計測した。
(b)銅結晶の平均粒径の比率ρ
得られた半導体装置について、ボンディングワイヤを2次接合部近傍で長手方向(ワイヤが延びる方向)に沿って切断し、その切断面を走査型電子顕微鏡で観察した。
そして、平均粒径R2を平均粒径R1で除して比率ρを算出した。
Claims (3)
- 第1電極を有する半導体素子と、第2電極を有する基板と、前記第1電極と前記第2電極とを接続するボンディングワイヤとを備える半導体装置において、
前記ボンディングワイヤは、純度が99.999質量%以上の銅からなり、前記第1電極及び前記第2電極のいずれか一方にフリーエアボールが圧着されてなる1次接合部と、他方に接着された2次接合部と、前記1次接合部と前記2次接合部との間に設けられたワイヤ本体部とを備え、
前記ワイヤ本体部における銅結晶の平均粒径R1に対する前記2次接合部における銅結晶の平均粒径R2の比率(R2/R1)が0.8以上である半導体装置。 - 前記ボンディングワイヤが、リン、硫黄及び鉄の含有量の合計が0.05質量ppm未満であり、リン、硫黄、鉄及び銀の含有量の合計が0.30質量ppm未満である、請求項1に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記ボンディングワイヤが、リン、硫黄及び鉄の含有量の合計が0.03質量ppm未満であり、リン、硫黄、鉄及び銀の含有量の合計が0.25質量ppm未満である、請求項2に記載の半導体装置。
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CN202010959725.9A CN112750550B (zh) | 2019-10-31 | 2020-09-14 | 半导体装置 |
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Citations (1)
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WO2006134724A1 (ja) | 2005-06-15 | 2006-12-21 | Nippon Mining & Metals Co., Ltd. | 超高純度銅及びその製造方法並びに超高純度銅からなるボンディングワイヤ |
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JPH0713273B2 (ja) * | 1985-10-30 | 1995-02-15 | タツタ電線株式会社 | 半導体素子用ボンディング線およびその製造方法 |
JPS63235440A (ja) * | 1987-03-23 | 1988-09-30 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | 銅細線及びその製造方法 |
JP2623143B2 (ja) * | 1989-10-18 | 1997-06-25 | 同和鉱業株式会社 | 粗大結晶粒からなる高純度銅線の製造法 |
JPH04218932A (ja) * | 1990-12-19 | 1992-08-10 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | 半導体装置用銅合金極細線及び半導体装置 |
JPH04323835A (ja) * | 1991-04-23 | 1992-11-13 | Hitachi Cable Ltd | 銅ボンディングワイヤの製造方法 |
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CN102576704B (zh) * | 2009-09-08 | 2015-03-04 | 住友电木株式会社 | 半导体装置 |
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WO2014203777A1 (ja) * | 2013-06-20 | 2014-12-24 | 住友ベークライト株式会社 | 半導体装置 |
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WO2006134724A1 (ja) | 2005-06-15 | 2006-12-21 | Nippon Mining & Metals Co., Ltd. | 超高純度銅及びその製造方法並びに超高純度銅からなるボンディングワイヤ |
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Title |
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加藤 正憲,高純度銅の特性と用途,伸銅技術研究会誌,日本,日本伸銅協会,1996年,35巻,28-35頁 |
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