JP7128936B2 - Hybrid house of steel frames and pipes - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to greenhouses for plant cultivation and greenhouses for simple warehouses.

Cultivation greenhouses are attracting attention and are becoming popular as facility agriculture.
In particular, there is a demand for structural issues facing Japanese agriculture, revitalization of agriculture, and strengthening of competitiveness. It is at a turning point such as the Federation of Agriculture, Commerce and Industry, the sixth industrialization, TPP, and the entry of companies. From the market to the industrialization of agriculture, it is required to satisfy elements such as stable quality, stable shipment quantity, and year-round supply. From the perspective of the supply side that produces agricultural products, if these three elements can be satisfied, it will be possible to secure stable buyers (markets) and stabilize management. It can be expected to transform to and grow as an industry.
Greenhouse cultivation is effective as a means of controlling the cultivation environment by alleviating the effects of weather fluctuations, planning cultivation, and stable shipment. It is one of the technically effective means to solve agricultural problems.

As an example of a greenhouse, a greenhouse is constructed by arranging a large number of pipe frames formed by bending round pipes into an arch shape at intervals of about 60 to 100 cm to form a framework and covering the frame with a transparent sheet (see FIG. 7, Patent Document 1: Patent No. 5798464) and the like.
Patent Document 2 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2008-220257) and Patent Document 3 (Japanese Patent No. 5399676) disclose an example in which round pipe houses are arranged in parallel (see FIG. 8).
As a greenhouse for cultivation, a steel frame is used in addition to the round pipe frame. FIG. 9(a) shows an example of a multi-span type house with a steel frame system, and FIG. 9(b) shows an example of a multi-span type house with a round pipe frame system.

Japanese Patent No. 5798464 JP 2008-220257 A Japanese Patent No. 5399676

There is a demand for a large-sized cultivation house having a cultivation area of 1 ha or more, and an object of the present invention is to realize a large-sized cultivation house suitable for management of cultivation work and the like.

1. An agricultural house, which is a hybrid house in which a portion formed of a steel frame and a portion formed of a pipe frame are combined in the ridge direction ,
A part formed of a steel frame is arranged at the end and / or middle part of the ridge,
The roof of the portion formed with the steel frame is a triangular roof formed with the steel frame, and a transition section is formed in which the diagonal member of the roof is provided with a raising member that conforms to the shape of the arch of the pipe frame. A hybrid house characterized by
2 . 1. A doorway through which agricultural machinery can enter and exit is provided in a portion formed of a steel frame . The hybrid house described in .
3 . 1. A steel frame is used as a supporting part, and overhead wires are provided in the ridge direction of the house. or 2. The hybrid house described in .
4 . The purlin material or furring strip material is a lip channel steel or a pipe material having an octagonal cross section.1. ~ 3 . The hybrid house according to any one of
5 . 1. A portion formed of a steel frame is used as a portion for deploying, turning and managing work equipment, and a portion formed of a pipe frame is used as a portion for cultivation. ~ 4 . The hybrid house according to any one of
6 . 1. characterized by connecting a plurality of buildings; ~ 5 . The hybrid house according to any one of

1. By combining a portion formed with a steel frame and a portion formed with a pipe frame, it was possible to construct a large cultivation house that has both the strength characteristics of a steel frame and the simplicity of a pipe frame. .
2. The steel frame part is placed on the gable side or the middle part, etc., and by providing an entrance to the outside in the steel frame part, even in a house of 1 hectare or more with a side length of 100 m or more, it is possible to enter and exit the house from the side. This makes it possible to improve the efficiency of the entry and exit of large equipment such as tractors, and the loading and shipping of materials.
3. The shape and size of the greenhouse may be limited depending on the location conditions such as land shape, road access, north-south orientation, access for carrying in and out, and the orientation of the ridge of the greenhouse suitable for cultivation. By installing it, it is possible to secure the carry-in and carry-out routes in all four directions of the house, and the degree of freedom in house design is improved.
4. The pipe frame portion is used as the cultivation area, and the steel frame portion is suitable as the entrance/exit, support section for cultivation management equipment, collection, primary sorting, and other work areas. Structural parts that require strength, such as overhead wire drive mechanisms, can be supported by steel frames.
5. Even if there is a pipe support in the adjoining house, it is possible to move between buildings with the steel frame part, and it is possible to achieve both work efficiency and simplification of the house structure.
6. A large-scale greenhouse with good work efficiency can be realized at low cost.

An example of a hybrid house in which five buildings are connected is shown. Another example of a hybrid house in which five buildings are connected is shown. The figure which shows the example of the steel-frame house part end surface. The figure which shows the example of raising adjustment given to the steel frame roof surface of a boundary part. The figure which shows the example of an octagonal tube material. The figure which shows the state inside the greenhouse for cultivation in which facilities apparatus, such as an inducement, was installed. The figure which shows the example of a pipe frame house. The figure which shows the example of the pipe frame house of a continuous ridge type. The figure which shows the example (a) of the continuous type steel frame house, and the example (b) of the continuous type pipe frame house. An example (a) of installation of a connected greenhouse and an example (b) of forming a connection part by providing an independent support are shown.

The present invention is an agricultural hybrid house in which a pipe frame portion and a steel frame portion are combined.
In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the "pipe frame" is a pipe material used for a normal round greenhouse with a circular cross section, and the "steel frame" is a prism material or an H-shaped steel material. Denotes the steel used for roofs or domed greenhouses.
Agricultural cultivation greenhouses have come to be equipped with various types of cultivation management equipment, rather than simple greenhouses for heat retention. In terms of cultivation methods, in addition to methods that allow crops to grow independently, methods suitable for greenhouse cultivation, such as tomatoes, cucumbers, melons, and other crops that are induced to grow and harvest over a long period of time, are also progressing.
To construct a house composed of a pipe frame easily, simply, and at a low cost with a small number of members because the pipe material curved in an arch shape is stuck in the field and covered with a vinyl sheet. It became popular as an early greenhouse. Since the pipe frame does not have enough strength to support the management equipment and lure equipment, it is installed by setting up a separate pillar inside. As a result, working space and cultivation space are limited, and the cost advantage is lost. Utilization of large agricultural equipment corresponding to the increase in greenhouse size is also restricted.
A steel frame can build a high-strength house, but it requires more labor and cost than a pipe frame.

The present invention realizes a large-sized greenhouse and a low cost suitable for greenhouse cultivation by using a greenhouse of a hybrid structure in which a pipe frame is mainly used and a steel frame portion is partially formed.
By using the steel frame portion as a doorway and a supporting portion for equipment, it is possible to provide strength and work space, and by using the pipe frame portion as a cultivation space, these demands are realized. Arrangement combinations such as providing steel frame portions at one gable side or intermediate portion, or at a plurality of locations, are appropriately set. The steel frame part serves as the core part in terms of strength, improves wind resistance from the outside, supports the internal equipment, and provides a work space.
The vertical frames that serve as pillars can be arranged at larger intervals in the steel frame than in the case of the pipe frame. By using the widened space between the steel frames, it was possible to create a doorway on the side of the building, allowing free entry and exit, which had been limited to the gable side. The distance between the support columns of the pipe frame is 60 to 100 cm, but the support columns of the steel frame can be set to 100 cm or more, and can be installed sufficiently in terms of strength. In the case of a long house with a side length exceeding 100m, if the entrance is only on one gable side, it is necessary to go back and forth to the back end for daily harvesting and management work, which is inefficient and also difficult to transport. Labor burden is also heavy. When it becomes possible to access the sides, work efficiency and labor productivity are improved, and it is possible to increase the cultivation area.
There are various equipment such as two-layer curtains, heating equipment, circulation fans, fog cooling, lighting, overhead wires, fertilization, irrigation, pest control, etc., and they are becoming more sophisticated with the development of greenhouse cultivation technology. In addition, it is necessary to introduce work machines and equipment such as elevated cultivation beds, tractors, and harvesting robots.

1 and 2 show an example of a hybrid house of the present invention in which five buildings are connected.
FIG. 1 shows an example in which the roof shape of the steel frame portion is circular, and FIG. 2 shows an example in which the steel frame portion has a triangular roof.
This example is a hybrid house 1 in which five buildings from the first building 11a to the fifth building 11e are connected and integrated. An example is shown in which a steel frame portion 3 is arranged at both ends and a central portion, and a pipe frame portion 2 is arranged between the steel frame portions.
The steel frame part 3 is mainly used as a work space, and it is desirable that the length is longer than the size that can form a doorway. The steel frame part forms a square frame structure composed of at least four columns and beams, and forms a self-supporting and strong core structure.
Since the pipe frame portion 2 is mainly used as a cultivation space, its length is set according to the cultivated crop, cultivation method, workability such as harvesting, and the like. For example, the length of the pipe frame is set by taking into consideration the unit of tension adjustment for curtains and overhead wires.

The steel frame portion 3 of the first building 11a is provided with an end steel frame portion 31a, an intermediate steel frame portion 32a, and an end steel frame portion 33a. Similarly, three steel frame parts are arranged in the second to fifth buildings.
The example in the figure shows that the doorway can be provided on the gable side and on the side of each steel frame. They are the end doorway 41, the side end doorways 42a and 44a, and the middle doorway 43a. A gate-shaped frame is attached to a steel frame to provide an opening/closing door.
The intermediate steel frame parts provided in the middle part of the second, third and fourth buildings can be used for work and also as a passage for moving work equipment between buildings by communicating with each other.
Management can be adjusted for each pipe frame unit or building unit to match the growing stage and cultivation schedule.

The width of one building is limited by the width of the pipe frame, and even the largest one is currently about 8m. In the width direction, the width is increased by this unit. The steel frame can also be unitized according to the width of this pipe frame.
Therefore, in this hybrid house, by standardizing the pipe frame and the steel-framed house portion having the same width and combining them with the pipe frame, the number of components can be simplified and the installation work can be facilitated.

FIG. 3 shows the steel frame portion end surface 5 as an example of the steel frame portion.
The column steel frame 34 and the beam steel frame 36 are connected, and the ridge top and the column steel frame upper end are connected with the diagonal steel frame 35 to form a roof type structure. A vertical beam is provided and a doorway 4 is installed in the central part.
The column-beam structure has sufficient strength, and it can be used as a support part for various instruments by using beam steel frames and column steel frames.

For the pipe frame portion, examples disclosed in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent No. 5798464) proposed by the present applicant and Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2008-220257) can be used.
The framework consists of arched pipes erected at intervals of several tens of centimeters. Basically, the pipe material is used to pierce the field, and it is connected with a horizontal girder, and a transparent sheet is stretched over it to set up a greenhouse. It is strong enough to be covered with a transparent sheet, is easy to modify, and is suitable for a simple cultivation greenhouse.
When the sides of multiple arched pipe frame houses are joined together, the space between adjacent pipes becomes narrow, making it difficult to move to the next building, reducing the merits of scale expansion. In particular, it is difficult for workers to move the working machine even if they slip through the pipes, and they have to go through the entrance on the gable side.

In the case of a greenhouse with a triangular steel frame roof, a raising member is installed on the slanted surface, and the shape of the pipe frame arch and the slanted roof surface of the steel frame are blended, and the pipe frame house part of the sheet to be covered is separated from the steel frame house. and the transition part of the part. FIG. 4 shows an example of a state in which the raising member 6 is installed. Raising pieces 61 to 65 having different heights are arranged on diagonal members (rafters) 35 of the roof, and covered with a sheet.
In the case of a round roof, the arch of the pipe frame and the shape of the arc surface of the steel frame can be matched, so the vinyl film can be extended without using a raising member.

For the purlin or furring strip, a lip channel steel or an octagonal cross-section tube can be used.
When using a tubular material with an octagonal cross section (see FIG. 5) as the purlin material or furring strip material, it is easy to attach various tools, and is suitable for alignment, tightening, and attachment/detachment. As the octagonal pipe material for greenhouses, the one proposed by the present applicant in Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2015-39358 can be used.
The octagonal section tubing has octagonal outer and inner surfaces. By using an octagonal shape, it is possible to evenly respond to stress from all directions, and to use the surface to provide directionality. For example, the joining member in the longitudinal direction by an inner octagonal sheath tube inserted into the octagonal outer surface prevents mutual twisting and allows the directionality to be specified. As can be seen in the shoulder joint member, it becomes possible to easily weld the connecting piece to the outer surface of the sheath tube, and the direction of the connecting piece can also be specified. In the case of a round tube, the weld is linear, which makes it difficult to weld. In addition, the tube rotates even after the tube is intubated, resulting in a lack of stability.
In addition, it is possible to prevent the rotation of the clamp material when connecting pipe materials together.

FIG. 6 shows a state in which overhead wires, lead wires, and curtains are provided on supporting members arranged vertically and horizontally in a cultivation house. There are a large number of cords and nets for attracting crops, and for climbing cucumbers, melons, tomatoes, etc., the total load is very large due to the weight of the plants. It is difficult to support these equipments on a single pipe frame, so at present, a support structure for these equipments is prepared separately from the frame material of the house. FIG. 6(a) shows an example of attracting eggplant cultivation, and FIG. 6(b) shows a hydroponic cultivation system including lighting, spraying, air conditioning, boiler, movement, and the like. In this way, greenhouse cultivation is equipped with cultivation methods.
In a pipe frame greenhouse, it is necessary to erect it firmly so that it does not lean against the weight of the overhead wires, which makes it difficult to remove, lowers workability, and impairs the simplicity and low cost of the pipe frame. It's becoming
In the present invention, since the steel frame section is in charge of the strength requirement, it is sufficient to provide the auxiliary struts for relay in the pipe frame section. The auxiliary supports can be easily removed and re-installed, and can be flexibly adapted to different cultivation conditions.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-252201 proposed by the present applicant can be exemplified as a greenhouse curtain device. This is an example of a curtain device that can be opened and closed by providing a drive shaft in the ridge direction and arranging a support structure. In this curtain device, both ends of the drive shaft can be attached to the steel frame.

1 Hybrid house 2 Pipe frame part 3 Steel frame part 4 Doorway 5 Steel frame part end face 6 Raising member

Claims (6)

An agricultural house, which is a hybrid house in which a portion formed of a steel frame and a portion formed of a pipe frame are combined in the ridge direction ,
A part formed of a steel frame is arranged at the end and / or middle part of the ridge,
The roof of the portion formed with the steel frame is a triangular roof formed with the steel frame, and a transition section is formed in which the diagonal member of the roof is provided with a raising member that conforms to the shape of the arch of the pipe frame. A hybrid house characterized by 2. The hybrid house according to claim 1, wherein a doorway through which agricultural machinery can enter and exit is provided in a portion formed of a steel frame. 3. The hybrid house according to claim 1, wherein the steel frame is used as a supporting part, and the wire is extended in the ridge direction of the house. The hybrid house according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the purlin material or furring strip material is a lip channel steel or a pipe material having an octagonal cross section. The hybrid according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the portion formed of the steel frame is used as a portion for deploying, turning and managing the work equipment, and the portion formed of the pipe frame is used as a cultivation portion. House. A hybrid house according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , characterized in that a plurality of buildings are connected.

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