JP7100173B1 - Fluid rotator and wind power generator - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to suppress deterioration in performance due to vortices that are generated at the blade tip of a rotating body and hinder rotation. Another object of the present invention is to reduce the wind resistance received when such plate-like end plates rotate, and to increase the number of revolutions of the rotating body by devising a wind collecting structure. A rotating shaft substantially parallel to the flow direction of a fluid and a rotating body arranged to rotate about the rotating shaft within a plane of rotation that intersects substantially perpendicularly to the flow direction of the fluid. and a ring-shaped body 2, which is a trailing body, spaced apart from each other. is provided with an arcuate end plate 3 having a portion of [Selection drawing] Fig. 1a

Description

Patent Law Article 30 Paragraph 2 Applicable Reiwa October 17, 2nd Announcement at the 13th New Energy Contest Reiwa January 18th, 3rd 5th Electronic Informatics Research Presentation and 30th Electronic Presented at the system department research conference

The present invention relates to a fluid rotating device and a wind power generation device.

A first columnar body arranged so as to intersect the longitudinal direction with respect to the flow direction of the fluid, and a second columnar body arranged so as to be separated from the first columnar body so as to intersect the longitudinal direction. It has a columnar body. Near the intersection of the first columnar body and the second columnar body when the separation interval between the first columnar body and the second columnar body becomes a predetermined value with respect to the diameter of the first columnar body. Has proposed a vibration power generation device using a vertical vortex excitation phenomenon in which a vertical vortex is periodically generated (see Patent Document 1).

While investigating the nature of the vertical vortex excitation phenomenon, not only the vertical vortex is formed periodically, but also when the first columnar body moves at a constant speed in one direction, the vertical vortex is generated only on one side and is steady. Based on the new finding that lift is generated, a rotary device for fluid power generation and a fluid power generation device that utilize a vertical vortex as a driving force have been proposed (see Patent Document 2). In addition, it has a high-strength and robust airfoil by using a cylinder as a rotary blade.

As shown in FIG. 7a, a columnar rotating body and a flat plate are installed behind the columnar rotating body so as to cross each other in the flow direction of the fluid. When the separation interval between the rotating body and the flat plate becomes a predetermined value with respect to the diameter of the rotating body, a vertical vortex excitation phenomenon occurs in which a vertical vortex as shown in FIG. 7b is periodically generated from the vicinity of the intersection between the rotating body and the flat plate. .. The vertical vortex repeatedly generates and disappears unstablely, and when the rotating body moves at a constant speed in one direction, the vertical vortex is generated only on one side and moves according to the rotation of the rotating body. As a result, the pressure in the rotation direction of the rotating body decreases, and a steady lift is generated for the rotating body to rotate.
Furthermore, for the purpose of suppressing performance degradation due to the tip vortex generated at the tip of the columnar rotary blade, the diameter of the end plate when a plate-shaped end plate is installed at the tip of the columnar rotary blade is the power. The effect on the characteristics has been investigated (see Non-Patent Document 1).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2008-01166 Patent No. 6378366

Shota Nakata, Natsumi Sakamoto, Hemsuwan Withun, Tsutomu Takahashi, Effect of wing tip on power characteristics of horizontal axis type columnar wing wind turbine driven by vertical vortex, Proceedings of Solar / Wind Energy Lectures, pp. 335-336 (2017)

The plate-shaped end plate as in the prior art, which is attached to suppress the performance deterioration due to the vortex that hinders the rotation that occurs at the wing tip of the rotating body, suppresses the influence of the vortex, but the plate at the wing tip. Due to the shape of the end plate, it receives wind resistance when rotating.
Further, the purpose is to reduce the resistance of the wind received when such a plate-shaped end plate rotates, and to increase the rotation speed of the rotating body by devising a wind collecting structure.

The fluid rotating device of the present invention is arranged so as to rotate about a rotating shaft in a rotating plane that intersects a rotating shaft substantially parallel to the flow direction of the fluid and substantially perpendicular to the flow direction of the fluid. A fluid rotating device in which a columnar rotating body to be formed and a ring-shaped body which is a wake object are separated from each other and a vertical vortex generated between the rotating body and the wake object is used as a driving force . The rotating body is provided with a plurality of rotary blades, the tip of which is provided with an arcuate end plate having a part of a curved surface around which the tip of the blade rotates, and the arcuate end plate is substantially in the direction of fluid flow. They are arranged in parallel.

Further, the fluid rotating device of the present invention is provided with a ring-shaped end plate along the circumferential phase in which each blade tip rotates in place of the arc-shaped end plate, and the arc-shaped end plate is substantially in the fluid flow direction. They are arranged in parallel.

According to the fluid rotating device of the present invention, the tip vortex generated at the tip can be suppressed by forming the end plate at the next end of the rotating body on an arc or in a ring shape. The resistance when the rotating body rotates can be reduced and the rotation speed can be improved. In addition, a cylindrical diffuser (wind lens (wind collecting structure fluid)) formed so that the opening area expands from the inlet to the outlet of the fluid is provided so as to surround the outer circumference of the rotating body, so that a vortex like a Karman vortex is provided. Is formed in the background, and the pressure difference is utilized by lowering the pressure near the outlet of the wind collecting structure, so that the flow velocity can be further increased.

It is a front photograph which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a side photograph which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective photograph which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic front view of the arcuate end plate type columnar rotating body of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a front photograph which shows the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a side photograph which shows the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective photograph which shows the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic front view of the ring-shaped end plate type columnar rotating body of the 2nd Example of this invention. It is a front photograph which shows 4th Example 1 of this invention. It is a side photograph which shows 4th Example 1 of this invention. It is a perspective photograph which shows 4th Example 1 of this invention. It is a front photograph which shows 4th Example 2 of this invention. It is a side photograph which shows 4th Example 2 of this invention. It is a perspective photograph which shows 4th Example 2 of this invention. It is a front photograph which shows the 3rd Example of this invention. It is a side photograph which shows the 3rd Example of this invention. It is a perspective photograph which shows the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the horizontal plane through the center of the rotating body which installed the wind lens. It is a cross-sectional view of a horizontal plane passing through the center of a rotating body in which a wind lens is installed, and is a view in which the width of the wind lens is extended upwind. It is a schematic side view which shows the principle of the vertical vortex excitation generation. Same as above, it is a schematic perspective view. It is a table which shows the relationship between the wind speed at the time of the wind speed rise, the rotation speed, and the rotation increase rate of the 1st Example of this invention. Same as above, graph. It is a table which shows the relationship between the wind speed at the time of the wind speed decrease, the rotation speed, and the rotation increase rate of the 1st Example of this invention. Same as above, graph. It is a table which shows the relationship between the wind speed at the time of the wind speed rise, the rotation speed, and the rotation increase rate of the 2nd Example of this invention. Same as above, graph. It is a table which shows the relationship between the wind speed at the time of the wind speed decrease, the rotation speed, and the rotation increase rate of the 2nd Example of this invention. Same as above, graph. It is a graph which showed the relationship between the wind speed and the rotation speed at the time of the wind speed rise of the 1st Example and the 2nd Example of this invention. It is a graph which showed the relationship between the wind speed and the rotation speed at the time of the wind speed decrease of the 1st Example and the 2nd Example of this invention. It is a table which shows the relationship between the wind speed at the time of the wind speed rise, the rotation speed, and the rotation increase rate of the 3rd Example of this invention. Same as above, graph. It is a table which shows the relationship between the wind speed, the rotation speed, and the rotation increase rate at the time of the wind speed decrease of the 3rd Example of this invention. Same as above, graph. It is a table which shows the relationship between the wind speed at the time of the wind speed increase, the rotation speed, and the rotation increase rate of the 4th Example 1 of this invention. Same as above, graph. It is a table which shows the relationship between the wind speed, the rotation speed, and the rotation increase rate at the time of the wind speed decrease of the 4th Example 1 of this invention. Same as above, graph. It is a table which shows the relationship between the wind speed at the time of the wind speed increase, the rotation speed, and the rotation increase rate of the 4th Example 2 of this invention. Same as above, graph. It is a table which shows the relationship between the wind speed, the rotation speed, and the rotation increase rate at the time of the wind speed decrease of the 4th Example 2 of this invention. Same as above, graph. It is a graph which shows the relationship of the wind speed at the time of the wind speed rise of the arc-shaped end plate type cylindrical rotating body of 4th Example 1 and the ring-shaped end plate type cylindrical rotating body of 4th Example 2 of this invention. It is a graph which shows the relationship of the wind speed at the time of the wind speed decrease of the arc-shaped end plate type cylindrical rotating body of 4th Example 1 and the ring-shaped end plate type cylindrical rotating body of 4th Example 2 of this invention.

<First Example>
A first embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIGS. 1a, 1b and 1c. The direction from the front to the back of FIG. 1a is the flow direction of the fluid, and there is a rotating shaft body substantially parallel to this flow direction. A rotating body is arranged so as to rotate about a rotation axis in a rotation plane that intersects substantially perpendicular to the flow direction. In FIG. 1a, four columnar blades are arranged at intervals of 90 ° from the center of rotation. The lengths of the blades are almost the same, one end thereof is connected at the center of rotation of the rotating body, and the other end of the blade (hereinafter referred to as "wing tip" in the present invention) is provided with an end plate. ing. Further, a ring-shaped body, which is a wake object, is arranged on the downstream side in the flow direction with respect to the rotating body.

In the present invention, the tip of a rotating body is provided with an arc-shaped end plate having a partially curved surface having an arc shape that is almost the same as the arc of the locus when the tip of the rotating body rotates. It is a fluid rotating device characterized by having a rotating body called.

The plate-shaped end plate as in the prior art, which is attached to suppress the performance deterioration due to the vortex that hinders the rotation that occurs at the wing tip of the rotating body, suppresses the influence of the vortex, but has a plate-like shape at the wing tip. Due to the end plate of, it receives wind resistance when rotating. However, the tip of the rotating body of the present invention is provided with an arc-shaped end plate having a part of a curved surface having an arc shape that is almost the same as the arc of the locus when the tip of the rotating body rotates. By suppressing the generated vortex and further having a part of a curved surface having an arc shape that is almost the same as the arc of the locus when the wing tip rotates, there is an effect of reducing the resistance of the wind received when rotating.

In order to measure the performance characteristics of a rotating body equipped with such an arcuate end plate, a comparative experiment with a cylindrical rotating body with nothing attached to the wing tip was conducted. An experiment using a wind tunnel was conducted when the wind speed increased from 1 m / s to 10 m / s and when the wind speed decreased from 10 m / s to 1 m / s. We compared the differences and the wind speed when the wind turbine was stopped. In this experiment, the blade of the rotating body uses a columnar blade. In addition, the wake object is placed behind the rotating body.

8a and 8b show the number of revolutions and the rate of increase in revolution when the wind speed rises. From this result, the rotation increase rate increased to 3.6% at a wind speed of 9 m / s, but decreased to -2.9% at a wind speed of 10 m / s. However, comparing the wind speeds when the rotating body starts to rotate, the columnar rotating body starts rotating at a wind speed of 8 m / s, and the arc-shaped end plate type columnar rotating body starts rotating at a wind speed of 6 m / s. It can be seen that the plate-type columnar rotating body has a smaller starting torque.

9a and 9b show the number of revolutions and the rate of increase in revolution when the wind speed drops. In this result, at wind speeds of 5 m / s and 6 m / s, the rotation speed of the arc-shaped end plate type columnar rotating body is higher than that of the cylindrical rotating body, but when the rotation speed is decreasing as in the case of the wind speed increase. was there. However, when comparing the wind speed when the rotating body is stopped, the columnar rotating body is stopped at a wind speed of 5 m / s, but the arc-shaped end plate type columnar rotating body is stopped at a wind speed of 4 m / s. It can be seen that the arc-shaped end plate type columnar rotating body rotates at a lower wind speed.

<Second Example>
2a, 2b, and 2c show the second embodiment. In the second embodiment, the end plate is a ring-shaped end plate (ring-shaped end plate). The ring-shaped end plate is joined to the tip of the rotating body. A rotating body using a conventional plate-shaped end plate or a rotating body using an arc-shaped end plate as in the first embodiment receives wind resistance when rotating because there is a certain distance between the end plates. Will end up. However, in the second embodiment, since the end plates are ring-shaped, there is no space between the end plates, resistance to rotation is less likely to be received, and vortices generated at the wing tip by the end plates are suppressed. And increase the number of revolutions of the fluid rotator.

In order to measure the performance characteristics of the columnar rotating body provided with the ring-shaped end plate, a comparative experiment with the columnar rotating body in a state where nothing was attached to the wing tip was performed by the same method as in the first embodiment.

10a and 10b show the number of revolutions and the rate of increase in revolution when the wind speed rises. At a wind speed of 8 m / s and a wind speed of 9 m / s, the rotation increase rate increases by 10% or more, and at a wind speed of 10 m / s, it increases by 5.9%. .. Further, the columnar rotating body starts rotating at a wind speed of 8 m / s, whereas the ring-shaped end plate type columnar rotating body starts rotating at a wind speed of 6 m / s, so that the ring-shaped end plate type circle starts to rotate. It can be seen that the columnar rotating body has a smaller starting torque.

11a and 11b show the number of revolutions and the rate of increase in revolution when the wind speed drops. The ring-shaped end plate type columnar rotating body has a higher rotation speed than the columnar rotating body in the item that the rotating body is rotating even when the wind speed is decreasing, and the maximum is 18 at a wind speed of 6 m / s. The result was an increase of 8.8%. Comparing the wind speed when the rotating body stops, the columnar rotating body has a wind speed of 5 m / s, whereas the ring-shaped end plate type columnar rotating body stops at a wind speed of 4 m / s. It can be seen that the shaped end plate type columnar rotating body rotates at a lower wind speed.

12a and 12b show a comparison of the rotation speeds of Example 1 and Example 2. FIG. 12a shows the rotation speed when the wind speed rises, and FIG. 12b shows the rotation speed when the wind speed decreases. It can be seen that the rotation speed of the ring-shaped end plate type columnar rotating body is the highest and the starting torque is small.

<Third Example>
5a, 5b, and 5c show a rotating shaft that is substantially parallel to the flow direction of the fluid and rotates about the rotation axis in a rotation plane that intersects substantially perpendicular to the flow direction of the fluid. This is an embodiment in which a wind lens is further arranged in a rotating device provided with a rotating body to be arranged and a ring-shaped body which is a wake object separated from each other.

Further, the present invention can further attach a cylindrical diffuser (commonly known as a wind lens) formed so as to expand the opening area from the inlet to the outlet of the fluid (wind) so as to surround the outer periphery of the rotating body. 3 and 4 are photographs of examples. FIG. 6a is a cross-sectional view of a horizontal plane passing through the center of the rotating body. In FIG. 6a, the cross section of the wind lens is fan-shaped, but this is not always the case. It suffices if the opening area is formed so as to expand from the entrance to the exit.
In a wind lens (cylindrical diffuser), the side on which the wind enters (the surface on the windward side) is the front surface, and the surface on the side where the wind comes out (the surface on the leeward side) is the rear surface (see FIG. 6a). Similarly, the front and rear surfaces of the rotating body are also defined.
In the embodiment of FIG. 6a, the front surface of the wind lens and the front surface of the rotating body, and the front surface of the wind lens and the rear surface of the rotating body are installed at the same positions with respect to the flow direction of the fluid, respectively. That is, in FIG. 6a, the width of the wind lens (width in the flow direction of the fluid) has the same width as the width of the rotating body (width in the flow direction of the fluid).

As shown in FIG. 6a, it is desirable that the rear surface of the wind lens is at the same position as or above the rear surface of the rotating body and the flow direction of the fluid. If the rear surface of the wind lens is located behind the rear surface of the rotating body, the vertical vortex generated between the cylinder and the wake object becomes weak and the rotational lift becomes small, which is not desirable. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6b, the front surface of the wind lens does not necessarily have to be the same as the front surface of the rotating body with respect to the flow direction of the fluid. The front surface of the wind lens may be on the windward side with respect to the front surface of the rotating body. When placed on the windward side, a more rectifying effect can be expected.

As shown in FIG. 6a, the number of rotations when the wind lens is installed and the ring-shaped end plate type cylindrical rotating body is used, and when the wind lens is advanced 5 mm forward with respect to the flow direction of the fluid and with respect to the flow direction. Compare the number of revolutions when moving backward by 5 mm, and investigate the power characteristics depending on the position of the wind lens. The experiment was carried out at the time of increasing the wind speed from 1 m / s to 10 m / s and at the time of decreasing the wind speed from 10 m / s to 1 m / s as in Example 1.

13a and 13b show the number of revolutions and the rate of increase in revolution when the wind speed rises. Comparing the case where the wind lens is installed at the position shown in FIG. 6a and the case where the wind lens is advanced by 5 mm in the flow direction of the fluid, it can be seen that the rotation start wind speed is smaller in FIG. 6a and the generation of the rotational torque is hindered. In addition, although it starts to rotate at a wind speed of 7 m / s, the number of rotations has dropped significantly. Further, it can be seen that even when the position of the wind lens is retracted by 5 mm in the flow direction of the fluid, the rotation speed is reduced by about -20% even though the rotation start wind speed is the same.

14a and 14b show the number of revolutions and the rate of increase in revolution when the wind speed drops. Compared with the case where the rotation speed when the wind lens advances 5 mm in the flow direction of the fluid is installed at the position shown in FIG. 6a, it decreases in all cases when the rotating body rotates, and decreases by about 20%. Further, comparing the wind speed at which the rotating body stops, it stops at a wind speed of 3 m / s when it is advanced by 5 mm, and it rotates at a lower wind speed when it is installed at the position shown in FIG. 6a. When the position of the wind lens was retracted by 5 mm in the flow direction of the fluid, it decreased in all the rotating bodies, and the rotation speed was significantly reduced by 80% or more at the wind speed of 8 m / s to 10 m / s. It can also be seen that the wind speed at which the rotating body stops cannot rotate at a low wind speed of 4 m / s.

From the above experimental results, the position of the wind lens is suitable for installing the wind lens when the wind lens is installed so as to overlap the rotating body when viewed from the side as shown in FIG. 6a.

<Fourth Example 1>
3a, 3b, and 3c show a fourth embodiment. A fourth embodiment is a fluid rotating device characterized in that a wind lens is provided in the first embodiment.

15a and 15b show the number of revolutions and the rate of increase in revolution when the wind speed rises. The number of rotations of the arcuate end plate type columnar rotating body when the wind lens is installed increases from 7 m / s to 10 m / s when the rotating body is rotating. However, the result was that the starting torque of the rotation start was larger when the wind lens was installed.

16a and 16b show the number of revolutions and the rate of increase in revolution when the wind speed drops. The rotation speed at the time of lowering the wind speed increased by 10% or more when the rotating body was rotating, and the rotation speed increased by 20% or more at the wind speed of 8 m / s. In addition, when the wind lens is installed, it stops at a wind speed of 2 m / s, but when the wind lens is not installed, it stops at a wind speed of 3 m / s. Therefore, it is better to install a wind lens at a lower wind speed. It rotates at.

<Fourth Example 2>
FIG. 4a, FIG. 4b, and FIG. 4c show the fourth embodiment 2. A fourth embodiment is a fluid rotating device characterized in that a wind lens is provided in the second embodiment.

17a and 17b show the number of revolutions and the rate of increase in revolution when the wind speed rises. The ring-shaped end plate type columnar rotating body at the time of installing the wind lens increased by 15% or more at a rotating wind speed of 6 m / s, and the rotation speed increased even at a wind speed higher than that.

18a and 18b show the number of revolutions and the rate of increase in revolution when the wind speed drops. The number of rotations when the ring-shaped end plate type columnar rotating body when the wind lens is installed is increased by 5% or more. Further, when the lens is installed, it is stopped at a wind speed of 2 m / s, and it rotates at a low wind speed as in the fourth embodiment as compared with the case where the wind lens is not installed.

19a and 19b show a comparison of the rotation speeds of the arc-shaped end plate type columnar rotating body and the ring-shaped end plate type columnar rotating body. FIG. 19a shows the rotation speed when the wind speed rises, and FIG. 19b shows the rotation speed when the wind speed decreases. It can be seen that the starting torque of the ring-shaped end plate type columnar rotating body tends to be small and the rotation speed tends to be high.

From the results of the fourth embodiment 1 and the fourth embodiment above, by installing the wind lens, the rotation speed is increased and the wind speed is low.

<Fifth Example>
A wind power generation device using the rotary device according to the first to fourth embodiments.
By providing a generator on the rotating body of the rotating device according to the first to fourth embodiments, it can be utilized as a wind power generation device. As the generator, any known generator such as a DC brushless motor can be adopted. Compared with the conventional propeller type wind turbine, it is possible to provide a highly safe and robust rotating device with a reduced risk of injury. In the experimental data of this example, a rotating device having a diameter of about 30 cm was used as a protype, but when used as a wind power generator placed on a veranda at home, the diameter of the rotating body starts from about 30 cm. It is about 80 cm. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to such an embodiment, and can be applied to a larger power generation device.

1 Rotating blade 2 Ring-shaped body 3 Arc-shaped end plate 4 Rotating shaft body 5 Arc-shaped end plate type columnar rotating body 6 Ring-shaped end plate 7 Ring-shaped end plate type columnar rotating body 8 Wind lens 9 Unspecified rotating body 10 Cross section of wind lens 11 Rotating body 12 Wind lens front surface 13 Wind lens rear surface 14 Rotating body front surface 15 Rotating body rear surface 16 Fluid and fluid flow direction 17 Cylindrical rotating body 18 Flat plate and ring-shaped body 19 Vertical vortex 20 Rotating direction

Claims (5)

A rotating shaft body substantially parallel to the flow direction of the fluid and a cylindrical rotating body arranged so as to rotate about the rotation axis in a rotating surface substantially perpendicular to the flow direction of the fluid. In a fluid rotating device in which a ring-shaped body, which is a wake object, is provided at a distance and a vertical vortex generated between the rotating body and the wake object is used as a driving force .
The rotating body comprises a plurality of rotary blades, the tip of which is provided with an arcuate end plate having a part of a curved surface of the circumference on which the tip rotates.
The arcuate end plate is arranged substantially parallel to the flow direction of the fluid.
A fluid rotating device characterized by that. Instead of the arc-shaped end plate, a ring-shaped end plate is provided along the circumferential surface in which each wing tip rotates.
The arcuate end plate is arranged substantially parallel to the flow direction of the fluid.
The fluid rotating device according to claim 1. The invention according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a cylindrical diffuser (wind lens) formed so as to expand the opening area from the inlet to the outlet of the fluid is provided so as to surround the outer periphery of the rotating body. Fluid rotating device. The fluid rotating device according to claim 3, wherein the rear surface of the tubular diffuser is located at the same level as the rear surface of the rotating body or on the upstream side thereof in the fluid flow direction. A wind power generation device using the fluid rotating device according to each of claims 1 to 4.

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