JP7083756B2 - タンパク質系試料回収マトリックス及び装置 - Google Patents
タンパク質系試料回収マトリックス及び装置 Download PDFInfo
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Description
効率的な核酸の回収、計測手段との適合性、及びカオトロピック溶液(例えばグアニジウム系)の利用を可能にする、タンパク質系試料回収マトリックスを提供する。該タンパク質系マトリックスは、試料を回収し、試料中の核酸を結合するのに用いることができる。核酸はマトリックスから溶出や、さもなければ、除去する必要はなく、これは、該タンパク質系マトリックスがカオトロピック溶液中に溶解するためである。このことが効率的な核酸の回収をもたらす。溶解した(可溶化)タンパク質はまた、ピペッティング又は検出計器に干渉することはない。該マトリックスはさらに、意図する利用によって各種形状に都合よく形成できる。例えばストリップは液体試料(例えば血液又は唾液の液滴)の回収に使用でき、スワブは細胞試料(例えば口腔又は頚)の回収に使用でき、又はワイプはあらゆるソース(例えば病院内又は法医学的設定)からの微生物又は核酸の存在について面を試験するのに使用できる。
用語「タンパク質系マトリックス」又は「タンパク質系基質」は、主としてタンパク質から構成される物質を指し、水や生理的液体中では不溶のままで、試料中の核酸やタンパク質等の生体試料の成分を捕捉するのに用いることができる。しかしながら、該タンパク質系マトリックスは、ここに記載のカオトロピック条件において可溶化(分解又は分散)できる。タンパク質系マトリックスにおいて使用できるタンパク質には水や生理的試料条件において不溶のままであるものや、理想的には多数のフォーマット(フラットストリップ、ウェル、アレイロケーション、繊維状スワブ又はワイプ)に形成可能なもの、及び皮膚又は粘膜との接触に優れた耐性を有するものが含まれる。その例としては、非限定的に、絹、ケラチン、 コラーゲン、 アルブミン、牛乳タンパク質、及びこれらの任意の数の組合せが挙げられる。タンパク質系マトリックスの非タンパク質成分には、吸着、特定のターゲティングもしくは所望の分析物の安定化を改善、又は該マトリックスの機械的特性を改善する物質が含まれ得る。
核酸増幅用試料は、核酸を含有すると考えられるいずれのソースからも取得できる。いくつかの実施形態において、こうした試料は、液体試料、例えば尿、唾液、血液もしくは血液分画物(例えば血漿又は血清)、細胞培養物、涙、精液、リンパ、ミルク、胎盤液、粘液及び非動物系液体である。いくつかの実施形態において、該試料は、スワブ又はワイプに収集する、例えば粘膜組織、口腔試料、膣もしくは子宮頚部試料、皮膚、又は機器もしくは表面ワイプからの試料である。試料は細胞性又は非細胞性であり得る。
ここに記載のタンパク質系マトリックスは、その構造を保持し、水中や生理学的に許容可能な液体中の核酸を結合するが、高度カオトロピック溶液中では構造を失い、可溶化できる。いくつかの実施形態において、溶液中の該カオトロープ濃度は2M以上、例えば約3~8M、3~6M、3.5~5.5M、3.5~5M、3M、4M、5M、6M、7M、又は8M(例えば溶解度の限界まで)である。カオトロープは膜を破壊し、タンパク質を変性し、これを核酸から分離し、さらにヌクレアーゼ活性を阻害するよう作用する。適当なカオトロープとしては、グアニジンチオシアン酸塩、グアニジン塩酸塩、グアニジンイソシアン酸塩、グアニジン炭酸塩、尿素、ヨウ化ナトリウム、過塩素酸ナトリウム、トリクロロ酢酸ナトリウム、チオ尿素、及びこれらの任意の数の組合せが挙げられる。
核酸を生体試料から単離する方法は、例えばSambrookに記載のように周知であり、いくつかのキットが市販されている(例えばRocheより入手可能な、細胞と組織用DNA単離キット、哺乳動物の血液用DNA単離キット、高純度FFPET DNA単離キット、高純度RNA単離キット、高純度ウイルス核酸キット、及びMagNA Pure LC Total核酸単離キット)。いくつかの実施形態において、ここに記載の核酸及び可溶化タンパク質系マトリックスは、核酸をタンパク質及びその他成分から分離する、核酸単離方法のためのインプットとして利用できる。
いくつかの実施形態において、ここに開示の方法を実施するための試薬及び材料は、キットに含まれる。
実施例1:タンパク質系試料回収マトリックスとしての絹の評価
絹織物は、Jo Ann Fabricsから購入し、小さなストリップに切断した。ストリップを1枚ずつ3つの試験管に加えた(図1)。3つの異なる緩衝液を、絹の可溶化能について試験し、ピペッティングし、処理をし、下流核酸の単離を行った。
スワブは、分子診断と分子法医学アプリケーションとの両方に広範に利用される。スワブは、MRSAもしくはCT/NG試験の場合のヒトの皮膚などの面、又は、犯行現場のサンプリングとこれに続くヒトの同一性試験の場合の不活性面に由来する生体試料を物理的に保持するのに用いられる。スワブは典型的には、高分子円筒プラスチックコア上に支持される紡績もしくは織り、繊維状、セルロース組成物から作成され、そのため、グアニジンチオシアン酸塩を含む従来の試料調製液体に溶解しない。タンパク質性材料を紡績もしくは織って作成した絹などの繊維状材料で生産されるスワブは、皮膚又は不活性面から生体試料をサンプリングする能力に関する限り、セルローススワブヘッドにおいて望ましい全ての特性を有する。該スワブは、下流分子分析のために生体試料を回収し保存することができる。
このコンセプトは、織物等の織物基質を含む、スワブを超えるさらに別の形式にまで広げることができる。絹織物パッドは、上述のスワブヘッドと同様に生体試料を捕捉及び解放可能である。こうしたパッドはエアサンプリングに用いるような、フィルターを含む多くの形に構成し得る。こうした可溶フィルター材料により、カオトロピック塩での処理時に、より多くの量の捕捉生体物質へのアクセスが提供される。これは例えば細菌戦剤のエアモニタリングのために利用できる。
Claims (10)
- 試料から核酸を単離するためのキットであって、
a)試料回収のために構成されたタンパク質系マトリックス、および
b)3.5~5Mのカオトロープ、3~5%の界面活性剤、100~150mMの還元剤、及び溶液のpHを6~6.5に維持するクエン酸緩衝液を含む溶液、
を含み、
ここで、上記タンパク質系マトリックスは液体回収のためのスワブ又はストリップを形成し、そして水中や生理学的に許容可能な液体中でその構造を保持するが、カオトロピック溶液b)中で可溶化することができ、
上記タンパク質系マトリックスは絹であり、上記カオトロープはグアニジウム塩であり、上記界面活性剤は非イオン性界面活性剤であり、及び上記還元剤はジチオスレイトールである、キット。 - 処理容器をさらに含む、請求項1に記載のキット。
- ろ管又は磁気ガラスビーズ(MGP)をさらに含む、請求項1又は2に記載のキット。
- 洗浄用緩衝液及び溶出緩衝液をさらに含む、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のキット。
- 前記タンパク質系マトリックス及び試料を保存するための容器をさらに含む、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載のキット。
- 前記非イオン性界面活性剤は、ポリドカノール、Tween20、Tween80、TritonX100、Igepal、またはNP-40である、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載のキット。
- 試料中の核酸を回収するための方法であって、核酸を含む試料を、タンパク質系マトリックス上に接触させ、核酸を回収し、前記タンパク質系マトリックスを容器内に配置して保存し、前記タンパク質系マトリックスと、3.5~5Mのカオトロープ、3~5%の界面活性剤、100~150mMの還元剤、及び溶液のpHを6~6.5に維持するクエン酸緩衝液を含む前記溶液とを接触させ、これによって前記タンパク質系マトリックスを前記溶液内に可溶化することを含み、
ここで、上記タンパク質系マトリックスは絹であり、上記カオトロープはグアニジウム塩であり、上記界面活性剤は非イオン性界面活性剤であり、及び上記還元剤はジチオスレイトールである、方法。 - 前記タンパク質系マトリックスを前記溶液中に少なくとも10分間浸漬させる、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記溶液と、ろ管又は磁気ガラスビーズ(MGP)とを接触させ、前記ろ管又はMGPを洗浄用緩衝液で洗浄し、及び前記核酸を前記ろ管又はMGPから溶出緩衝液を用いて溶出することによって、前記核酸を前記試料から単離することをさらに含む、請求項7又は8に記載の方法。
- 前記非イオン性界面活性剤は、ポリドカノール、Tween20、Tween80、TritonX100、Igepal、またはNP-40である、請求項7~9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
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EP2872147B1 (en) | 2012-07-13 | 2022-12-21 | Wave Life Sciences Ltd. | Method for making chiral oligonucleotides |
CN107011400B (zh) | 2012-07-13 | 2021-05-25 | 波涛生命科学有限公司 | 不对称辅助基团 |
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CN109072234A (zh) | 2018-12-21 |
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EP3455354A1 (en) | 2019-03-20 |
JP2019521640A (ja) | 2019-08-08 |
ES2954252T3 (es) | 2023-11-21 |
EP3455354B1 (en) | 2023-07-12 |
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CA3023621C (en) | 2021-07-27 |
WO2017194664A1 (en) | 2017-11-16 |
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