JP7055638B2 - 幹細胞からの筋肉系列細胞の生成 - Google Patents
幹細胞からの筋肉系列細胞の生成 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本出願は、2015年4月22日に出願された米国仮出願番号第62/151,352号の利益を主張しており、この仮出願は、その全体が参考として本明細書中に援用される。
衛星細胞は、骨格筋細胞の前駆体である。成人の筋肉では、衛星細胞は一般に休止状態にあるが、疾患または傷害もしくは運動などの機械的歪みに応答して活性化し、筋形成を起こす場合がある。衛星細胞はまた、筋肉の通常の成長にも関与している。活性化すると衛星細胞は増殖することができる。さらに、これらの衛星細胞の一部は筋芽細胞へと分化することができ、これは融合して筋管および他の骨格筋構成成分を形成することができる。筋芽細胞はまた、既存の筋管と融合することによって既存の筋線維を増強させることもできる。
本開示は、疾患、障害、および老化を含む様々な原因に関連する筋肉損失の潜在的な治療に使用することができる、人工的に生成された衛星細胞、または衛星様細胞、ならびにそのような細胞を作製する方法を提供する。細胞はまた、衛星細胞に対して特定の効果を有する薬物を同定するためのスクリーニングにおいて使用することもできる。
参照による組み込み
I.概要
A.全体
本開示は、多能性幹細胞を、衛星細胞に似ており、筋芽細胞ならびに他の筋肉細胞および筋線維を生じさせる潜在性を有し得る筋肉系列細胞である衛星様細胞へと分化させるためのユニークな方法を特長とする。本方法は、一般に、多能性幹細胞を、衛星様細胞への細胞の分化を媒介する1つまたは複数の化合物と接触させることを含む。本方法は多くの場合は1ステップ過程を含み、したがって高効率である傾向にある。一部の例では、1ステップ過程は、ヒト多能性幹細胞を2つの化合物(たとえば、Wnt経路活性化剤およびTGF-β受容体阻害剤)を含む分化培地と接触させることを含み、これにより、多くの場合はPax3、Pax7、および/またはCD56などの衛星細胞に関連する遺伝子の制御によって、多能性幹細胞が筋肉分化経路に入るようにし、衛星様細胞の生成がもたらす。本方法はまた、特に開始多能性幹細胞の数と比較した場合に、衛星様細胞を高収率で生成し得るという意味でも、高効率であり得る。
B.一般方法
II.細胞の調製
A.多能性幹細胞、多分化能幹細胞、および衛星細胞または衛星様細胞へと分化する能力を有する他の細胞
B.CRISPR酵素による多能性または多分化能幹細胞の遺伝子改変
C.多能性または多分化能幹細胞におけるHLA系の遺伝子改変
D.疾患を保有する突然変異を導入するための遺伝子改変
E.疾患を引き起こす突然変異を救出するための遺伝子改変
III.多能性幹細胞の培養
IV.分化過程
A.概要
B.多能性幹細胞の衛星細胞または衛星様細胞への化学分化
i.分化培地の構成成分
ii.多能性幹細胞の分化培地への曝露
iii.分化培地を使用して衛星細胞および衛星様細胞を生成する方法の収率、効率、および他の有益な特長
C.HLAヌル多能性幹細胞の衛星細胞または衛星様細胞への分化
V.衛星様細胞の特長および衛星様特長の検出
VI.衛星細胞または衛星様細胞の筋芽細胞および筋管への分化
VII.適用
A.対象
B.細胞治療
C.薬物スクリーニング
D.移植片拒絶の回避
VIII.細胞の保存
IX.一部の定義
本発明の好ましい実施形態が本明細書で示され、記載されたが、そのような実施形態は例としてだけ提供されていることは当業者に明らかになる。本発明が明細書の中で提供される具体例によって制限されることは、意図されていない。本発明は前記の明細書を参照して記載されたが、本明細書の実施形態の記載および図示は限定する意味で解釈されるためのものではない。本発明を逸脱しない範囲で、当業者は今では多くの変異形、変更および代替を思いつく。さらに、本発明の全ての態様が、様々な条件および変数に依存する、本明細書に示される具体的な描写、構成または相対的な割合に限定されるとは限らないことを理解すべきである。記載される本発明の実施形態への様々な代替物を本発明の実施で用いることができることを理解すべきである。以下の請求項が本発明の範囲を規定し、これらの請求項の範囲内の方法および構造ならびにそれらの同等物はそれに含まれることを意図する。
(実施例1)
筋原性誘導条件のスクリーニング。
筋原性条件は血清、増殖因子、または特定の基本培地に強く依存していない。
(実施例3)
寄与する構成成分としてCHIR99021(3μM)およびトランスフェリン(150μg/mL)を使用した、多能性幹細胞からの衛星細胞の調製。
寄与する構成成分としてCHIR99021(3μM)およびアスコルビン酸(200μg/mL)を使用した、多能性幹細胞からの衛星細胞の調製。
(実施例5)
寄与する構成成分としてCHIR99021(3μM)およびXAV939(2.5μM)を使用した、多能性幹細胞からの衛星細胞の調製。
(実施例6)
寄与する構成成分としてCHIR99021(3μM)およびVEGF(25ng/mL)を使用した、多能性幹細胞からの衛星細胞の調製。
(実施例7)
寄与する構成成分としてCHIR99021(3μM)およびAlk5阻害剤(2μM)を使用した、多能性幹細胞からの衛星細胞の調製。
(実施例8)
寄与する構成成分としてCHIR99021(3μM)およびSB431542(2μM)を使用した、多能性幹細胞からの衛星細胞の調製。
(実施例9)
寄与する構成成分としてCHIR99021(3μM)およびFGF(20ng/mL)を使用した、多能性幹細胞からの衛星細胞の調製。
(実施例10)
寄与する構成成分としてCHIR99021(3μM)およびBIX01294(1μM)を使用した、多能性幹細胞からの衛星細胞の調製。
(実施例11)
寄与する構成成分としてCHIR99021(3μM)およびIGF-1(10ng/mL)を使用した、多能性幹細胞からの衛星細胞の調製。
(実施例12)
寄与する構成成分としてCHIR99021(3μM)およびNoggin(100ng/mL)を使用した、多能性幹細胞からの衛星細胞の調製。
(実施例13)
寄与する構成成分としてCHIR99021(3μM)およびクレアチン(1mM)を使用した、多能性幹細胞からの衛星細胞の調製。
(実施例14)
寄与する構成成分としてCHIR99021(3μM)およびPD169316(150μg/mL)を使用した、多能性幹細胞からの衛星細胞の調製。
(実施例15)
寄与する構成成分としてCHIR99021(3μM)およびSMOアンタゴニスト(150μg/mL)を使用した、多能性幹細胞からの衛星細胞の調製。
(実施例16)
寄与する構成成分としてCHIR99021(3μM)およびウマ血清(5%)トランスフェリン(150μg/mL)を使用した、多能性幹細胞からの衛星細胞の調製。
(実施例17)
寄与する構成成分としてCHIR99021(3μM)および酪酸ナトリウム(250μM)を使用した、多能性幹細胞からの衛星細胞の調製。
(実施例18)
様々な細胞株からの筋芽細胞が融合して混合筋管を形成する。
(実施例19)
衛星細胞または衛星様細胞の増殖。
(実施例20)
無血清の(xeno-free)、成長因子なしの衛星細胞の調製。
(実施例21)
ラミニン上での筋原性誘導は衛星様細胞集団に影響を与える。
(実施例22)
LRRK2/DCLK阻害剤を使用した衛星細胞の調製の改善。
(実施例23)
LRRK2/DCLK阻害剤を使用した衛星細胞の調製の改善。
(実施例24)
筋原性誘導はWnt活性化/GSK3b阻害に依存する。
(実施例25)
Rho関連キナーゼ(ROCK)の阻害は分化過程全体にわたって重要である。
(実施例26)
衛星様細胞とマウス筋芽細胞とのin vitro融合。
(実施例27)
HLAクラスI 遺伝子を標的とするガイドRNA(gRNA)の選択。
ヒト胚性幹細胞株におけるHLA座位のノックアウト。
Claims (2)
- CD56とPax3、CD56とPax7、Pax3とPax7、または、CD56とPax3とPax7を発現する細胞を生成する方法であって、
前記方法が、in vitro培養物中の多能性幹細胞を提供することと、
前記in vitro培養物中の前記多能性幹細胞を、化合物と同時に接触させることとを含み、
前記化合物が、ロイシンリッチ反復キナーゼ2(LRRK2)阻害剤、ROCK阻害剤、GSK3-β阻害剤、およびTGFβ受容体阻害剤を含み、
前記in vitro培養物中の前記多能性幹細胞を、前記化合物と同時に前記接触させることが、CD56とPax3、CD56とPax7、Pax3とPax7、または、CD56とPax3とPax7を発現する細胞の発生を直接もたらす、方法。 - 前記LRRK2阻害剤がLRRK2-IN-1である、請求項1に記載の方法。
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