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JP7021838B2 - Press molding method for tubular parts and press molding dies used for this - Google Patents

Press molding method for tubular parts and press molding dies used for this Download PDF

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JP7021838B2
JP7021838B2 JP2017061287A JP2017061287A JP7021838B2 JP 7021838 B2 JP7021838 B2 JP 7021838B2 JP 2017061287 A JP2017061287 A JP 2017061287A JP 2017061287 A JP2017061287 A JP 2017061287A JP 7021838 B2 JP7021838 B2 JP 7021838B2
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vertical wall
bending
tubular part
molded product
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JP2018161678A (en
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正彦 福島
隆史 藤井
優輝 宅見
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Daihatsu Motor Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は、管状部品のプレス成形方法に関し、特に、異形断面の管状部品のプレス成形方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for press-molding a tubular part, and more particularly to a method for press-molding a tubular part having an irregular cross section.

断面円形の管状部品を成形する方法として、金属板をプレス成形してU字形状に曲げた後、この成形品を異なる金型でプレス成形して、成形品の縦壁部の端部同士を突き合わせて管状に成形する、いわゆるUO曲げ成形方法が知られている(例えば、下記の特許文献1参照)。具体的には、断面U字形状に曲げた金属板101を下型120にセットし{図16(A)参照}、上型110を降下させて一対の縦壁部101aの端部を互いに突き合わせる{図16(B)参照}。その後さらに上型110を降下させることにより、各縦壁部101aを外側に膨出する側に湾曲させ{図16(C)参照}、上型110及び下型120の成形面に押し付けることで断面円形の管状部品130が成形される{図16(D)参照}。 As a method of forming a tubular part having a circular cross section, a metal plate is press-molded and bent into a U-shape, and then this molded product is press-molded with different molds to hold the ends of the vertical wall portions of the molded product together. A so-called UO bending molding method of butt-molding into a tubular shape is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1 below). Specifically, a metal plate 101 bent into a U-shaped cross section is set on the lower mold 120 {see FIG. 16 (A)}, and the upper mold 110 is lowered to abut the ends of the pair of vertical wall portions 101a against each other. {See FIG. 16 (B)}. After that, by further lowering the upper mold 110, each vertical wall portion 101a is curved to the side that bulges outward {see FIG. 16 (C)}, and is pressed against the molding surfaces of the upper mold 110 and the lower mold 120 to cross-section. A circular tubular part 130 is formed {see FIG. 16 (D)}.

特開2014-4626号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2014-4626

しかし、上記のような従来のUO曲げ成形方法では、異形(非真円)断面の管状部品を成形することは非常に困難である。例えば図17に、断面略四角形の管状部品を上記の方法で成形する手順を示す。まず、U字形状に曲げた金属板201を下型220にセットし{図17(A)参照}、上型210を降下させて一対の縦壁部201aの上端を上型210の成形面に沿って互いに接近させる{図17(B)参照}。上型210をさらに降下させると、一対の縦壁部201aの上端同士が互いに突き合って、縦壁部201aの望まない位置(完成品の管状部品に設けられる曲げ部とは異なる位置)に曲げ部201bが成形される{図17(C)参照}。その後、上型210をさらに降下させると、縦壁部201aに設けられた曲げ部201bが上型210に当接して押し下げられ{図17(D)参照}、これにより互いに突き合っていた材料の端部同士が上下にずれてしまうため、所定の形状に成形することができない{図17(E)及び(F)参照}。 However, it is very difficult to form a tubular part having a deformed (non-round) cross section by the conventional UO bending molding method as described above. For example, FIG. 17 shows a procedure for molding a tubular part having a substantially quadrangular cross section by the above method. First, the metal plate 201 bent into a U shape is set on the lower mold 220 {see FIG. 17 (A)}, and the upper mold 210 is lowered so that the upper ends of the pair of vertical wall portions 201a are on the molding surface of the upper mold 210. Bring them closer to each other along {see Figure 17 (B)}. When the upper die 210 is further lowered, the upper ends of the pair of vertical wall portions 201a abut against each other and bend to an undesired position of the vertical wall portion 201a (a position different from the bending portion provided in the tubular part of the finished product). Part 201b is molded {see FIG. 17 (C)}. After that, when the upper mold 210 is further lowered, the bent portion 201b provided on the vertical wall portion 201a is brought into contact with the upper mold 210 and pushed down {see FIG. 17 (D)}, whereby the materials that are in contact with each other are abutted against each other. Since the ends are displaced up and down, it cannot be molded into a predetermined shape {see FIGS. 17 (E) and 17 (F)}.

そこで、本発明が解決すべき課題は、異形断面の管状部品を成形可能なプレス成形方法を提供することにある。 Therefore, an object to be solved by the present invention is to provide a press molding method capable of forming a tubular part having a deformed cross section.

前記課題を解決するために、本発明は、異径断面の管状部品をプレス成形するための方法であって、底部及び該底部の両端から立ち上がった一対の縦壁部を成形するU曲げ工程と、前記一対の縦壁部の端部を金型に設けられた係止部に突き当ててプレスすることにより、各縦壁部に曲げ部を成形する中間曲げ工程と、前記一対の縦壁部の端部同士を突き合わせて管状部品を成形する最終曲げ工程とを有する管状部品のプレス成形方法を提供する。 In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is a method for press-molding a tubular part having a different cross section, and comprises a U-bending step of forming a bottom portion and a pair of vertical wall portions rising from both ends of the bottom portion. An intermediate bending step of forming a bent portion on each vertical wall portion by pressing the end portions of the pair of vertical wall portions against a locking portion provided on the mold, and the pair of vertical wall portions. Provided is a method of press molding a tubular part having a final bending step of forming the tubular part by abutting the ends of the tubular part.

本発明者らの試行錯誤の結果、U曲げ工程と最終曲げ工程(例えばO曲げ工程)との間に中間曲げ工程を設け、この中間曲げ工程で、一対の縦壁部の端部を金型の係止部に突き当ててプレスして、縦壁部の所望の位置に所望の形状の曲げ部を成形することにより、その後の最終曲げ工程における成形不良を回避し、異形断面の管状部品をプレスにより成形できることが明らかになった。特に、中間曲げ工程で成形する曲げ部の形状を、完成品の管状部品に設けられる曲げ部の形状の少なくとも一部と一致させることにより、その後の最終曲げ工程における成形不良を確実に回避することができる。 As a result of trial and error by the present inventors, an intermediate bending step is provided between the U bending step and the final bending step (for example, the O bending step), and in this intermediate bending step, the ends of the pair of vertical wall portions are molded. By pressing against the locking part of the vertical wall to form a bent part of the desired shape at the desired position of the vertical wall part, it is possible to avoid molding defects in the subsequent final bending process and to obtain a tubular part having a deformed cross section. It became clear that it can be molded by pressing. In particular, by matching the shape of the bent portion formed in the intermediate bending step with at least a part of the shape of the bent portion provided in the tubular part of the finished product, it is possible to reliably avoid molding defects in the subsequent final bending step. Can be done.

上記の中間曲げ工程は、底部及び該底部の両端から立ち上がった一対の縦壁部を有する成形品の一対の縦壁部に曲げ部を成形するためのプレス成形金型であって、前記成形品の底部がセットされる一方の金型と、前記一方の金型に対して接近離反可能とされた他方の金型とを備え、前記他方の金型が、前記一方の金型から離反するにつれて互いに接近する一対の傾斜面と、前記一対の傾斜面の間に設けられ、前記一方の金型側に突出した係止部と、各傾斜面の、前記一方の金型側の端部に設けられ、前記成形品の縦壁部に前記曲げ部を成形する成形面とを有するプレス成形金型を用いて行うことができる。 The above intermediate bending step is a press forming die for forming a bent portion into a pair of vertical wall portions of a molded product having a bottom portion and a pair of vertical wall portions rising from both ends of the bottom portion, and the molded product. It is provided with one mold in which the bottom of the mold is set and the other mold that can be approached and separated from the one mold, and as the other mold separates from the one mold. A pair of inclined surfaces that are close to each other, a locking portion that is provided between the pair of inclined surfaces and protrudes toward the one mold side, and an end portion of each inclined surface that is provided on the one mold side. This can be performed by using a press-molding die having a vertical wall portion of the molded product and a molding surface for molding the bent portion.

ところで、自動車のリアサスペンションの左右のトレーリングアームを連結する中間ビームは、通常、捩じり変形を許容するために断面略U字形状をなしている。このような断面略U字形状の中間ビームを、管状部材のプレス成形(パイプつぶし成形とも言われる)で形成することがある。具体的には、図18(A)に示すような断面円形の管状部品301を、図18(B)及び(C)に示すように上型310と下型320とで押しつぶすことにより、断面略U字形状の成形品330を得る。この成形品330では、折り返し部330a{図18(D)参照}にひずみ及び応力が集中するため、プレス成形後に焼きなまし工程が必要となり、コスト高を招く。また、パイプつぶし成形では、押しつぶす前の管状部品301が、円形断面を有し、且つ、長手方向でストレート形状であることが条件であるため、製品形状に制限があった。 By the way, the intermediate beam connecting the left and right trailing arms of the rear suspension of an automobile usually has a substantially U-shaped cross section in order to allow torsional deformation. Such an intermediate beam having a substantially U-shaped cross section may be formed by press molding (also referred to as pipe crushing molding) of a tubular member. Specifically, the tubular part 301 having a circular cross section as shown in FIG. 18 (A) is crushed by the upper mold 310 and the lower mold 320 as shown in FIGS. A U-shaped molded product 330 is obtained. In this molded product 330, strain and stress are concentrated on the folded portion 330a {see FIG. 18 (D)}, so that an annealing step is required after press molding, which leads to high cost. Further, in the pipe crushing molding, the tubular part 301 before being crushed is required to have a circular cross section and a straight shape in the longitudinal direction, so that the product shape is limited.

そこで、上記のU曲げ工程で成形される底部に、一対の縦壁部が延びる方向に突出した凸湾曲部を設け、この成形品に対して上記の中間曲げ工程及び最終曲げ工程を施すことにより、断面略U字形状の管状部品を成形することができる。この場合、断面略U字形状の管状部品の折り返し部が曲げ加工で成形されるため、折り返し部にひずみ及び応力の集中が緩和され、応力を緩和するための後処理(焼きなまし等)が不要となる。また、この方法によれば、長手方向で断面形状が異なる管状部品でも、断面略U字形状に成形することが可能となるため、製品形状の自由度が増大する。 Therefore, the bottom portion formed in the U-bending step is provided with a convex curved portion protruding in the direction in which the pair of vertical wall portions extend, and the molded product is subjected to the intermediate bending step and the final bending step. , A tubular part having a substantially U-shaped cross section can be formed. In this case, since the folded portion of the tubular part having a substantially U-shaped cross section is formed by bending, strain and stress concentration are alleviated in the folded portion, and post-treatment (annealing, etc.) for alleviating the stress is unnecessary. Become. Further, according to this method, even a tubular part having a different cross-sectional shape in the longitudinal direction can be molded into a substantially U-shaped cross section, so that the degree of freedom in the product shape is increased.

以上のように、本発明のプレス成形方法によれば、異形断面の管状部品をプレス成形することができる。 As described above, according to the press molding method of the present invention, a tubular part having an irregular cross section can be press molded.

(A)~(D)は、本発明の実施形態に係るプレス成形方法の手順を示す断面図である。(A) to (D) are sectional views showing the procedure of the press molding method which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 管状部品の斜視図である。It is a perspective view of a tubular part. (A)~(D)は、中間曲げ工程の手順を示す断面図である。(A) to (D) are sectional views showing the procedure of an intermediate bending process. 中間成形品の肩曲げ部の拡大断面図である。It is an enlarged sectional view of the shoulder bending part of an intermediate molded product. (A)~(C)は、O曲げ工程の手順を示す断面図である。(A) to (C) are sectional views showing the procedure of the O bending process. 他の実施形態に係る管状部品の側面図である。It is a side view of the tubular part which concerns on other embodiment. (A)は、図7の管状部品の扁平部の7A-7A線における断面図、(B)は、同管状部品の徐変部の7B-7B線における断面図、(C)は、同管状部品の略円形部の7C-7C線における断面図です。(A) is a cross-sectional view taken along line 7A-7A of the flat portion of the tubular part of FIG. 7, (B) is a cross-sectional view taken along line 7B-7B of the gradually changing portion of the tubular part, and (C) is the same tubular part. It is a cross-sectional view on the 7C-7C line of the substantially circular part of the part. 図7のU字成形品に中間曲げ工程を施す様子を示す断面図であり、(A)は扁平部、(B)は徐変部、(C)は略円形部における断面図である。FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which an intermediate bending step is applied to the U-shaped molded product of FIG. 7, in which (A) is a flat portion, (B) is a gradual change portion, and (C) is a substantially circular portion. 図7のU字成形品に中間曲げ工程を施す様子を示す断面図であり、(A)は扁平部、(B)は徐変部、(C)は略円形部における断面図である。FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which an intermediate bending step is applied to the U-shaped molded product of FIG. 7, in which (A) is a flat portion, (B) is a gradual change portion, and (C) is a substantially circular portion. 図7のU字成形品に中間曲げ工程を施す様子を示す断面図であり、(A)は扁平部、(B)は徐変部、(C)は略円形部における断面図である。FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which an intermediate bending step is applied to the U-shaped molded product of FIG. 7, in which (A) is a flat portion, (B) is a gradual change portion, and (C) is a substantially circular portion. 図7のU字成形品に中間曲げ工程を施す様子を示す断面図であり、(A)は扁平部、(B)は徐変部、(C)は略円形部における断面図である。FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which an intermediate bending step is applied to the U-shaped molded product of FIG. 7, in which (A) is a flat portion, (B) is a gradual change portion, and (C) is a substantially circular portion. 中間成形品の側面図である。It is a side view of the intermediate molded product. 他の実施形態に係る中間曲げ金型の上型の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the upper mold of the intermediate bending die which concerns on other embodiment. 他の実施形態に係る中間曲げ金型の上型の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the upper mold of the intermediate bending die which concerns on other embodiment. (A)~(D)は、他の実施形態に係るプレス成形方法の手順を示す断面図である。(A) to (D) are sectional views showing the procedure of the press molding method which concerns on other embodiment. (A)~(D)は、従来のUO曲げ成形方法の手順を示す断面図である。(A) to (D) are sectional views showing the procedure of the conventional UO bending forming method. (A)~(F)は、従来のUO曲げ成形方法により異形断面の管状部品をプレス成形した場合を示す断面図である。(A) to (F) are cross-sectional views showing a case where a tubular part having a deformed cross section is press-molded by a conventional UO bending molding method. (A)~(D)は、従来のパイプつぶし成形方法の手順を示す断面図である。(A) to (D) are sectional views showing the procedure of the conventional pipe crushing molding method.

以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

本発明のプレス成形方法は、図1に示すように、U曲げ工程、中間曲げ工程、及び最終曲げ工程(例えば、O曲げ工程)を経て行われる。このプレス成形方法は、異形断面の管状部品を成形する方法であり、本実施形態では、図2に示すように、断面略四角形状をなし、長手方向で同一断面を有する管状部品1を成形する場合を示す。尚、以下の説明では、便宜上、管状部品1の材料端部同士の突合せ部1aがある側を上方、その反対側を下方とし、管状部品1の長手方向及び上下方向と直交する方向(図1及び図2の左右方向)を幅方向とする。 As shown in FIG. 1, the press forming method of the present invention is performed through a U bending step, an intermediate bending step, and a final bending step (for example, an O bending step). This press molding method is a method for molding a tubular part having a deformed cross section. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, a tubular part 1 having a substantially square cross section and having the same cross section in the longitudinal direction is molded. Show the case. In the following description, for convenience, the side where the butt portion 1a between the material ends of the tubular component 1 is located is on the upper side, and the opposite side is on the lower side, and the directions orthogonal to the longitudinal direction and the vertical direction of the tubular component 1 (FIG. 1). And the left-right direction in FIG. 2) is the width direction.

U曲げ工程では、図1(A)に示すブランク材2をU曲げ金型(図示省略)でプレスして、図1(B)に示す断面略U字形状のU字成形品3を得る。U字成形品3は、底部11と、底部11の幅方向両端から上方に立ち上がった一対の縦壁部12と、底部11と各縦壁部12との間に設けられた曲げ部(以下、「底曲げ部13」と言う。)とを有する。U字成形品3の下部(底部11及び底曲げ部13)の形状は、完成品の管状部品1の下部の形状と略同一である。図示例では、一対の縦壁部12が互いに平行な平板状をなしている。 In the U-bending step, the blank material 2 shown in FIG. 1 (A) is pressed with a U-bending die (not shown) to obtain a U-shaped molded product 3 having a substantially U-shaped cross section shown in FIG. 1 (B). The U-shaped molded product 3 has a bottom portion 11, a pair of vertical wall portions 12 rising upward from both ends in the width direction of the bottom portion 11, and bending portions provided between the bottom portion 11 and each vertical wall portion 12 (hereinafter referred to as a bending portion). It has a "bottom bent portion 13"). The shape of the lower portion (bottom portion 11 and bottom bent portion 13) of the U-shaped molded product 3 is substantially the same as the shape of the lower portion of the tubular part 1 of the finished product. In the illustrated example, the pair of vertical wall portions 12 form a flat plate shape parallel to each other.

中間曲げ工程では、U字成形品3を中間曲げ金型20でプレスして、図1(C)に示す中間成形品4を得る。中間曲げ金型20は、図3に示すように、上型21と下型22とからなる。本実施形態では、下型22が固定型であり、上型21が、下型22に対して昇降する可動型である。 In the intermediate bending step, the U-shaped molded product 3 is pressed by the intermediate bending die 20 to obtain the intermediate molded product 4 shown in FIG. 1 (C). As shown in FIG. 3, the intermediate bending die 20 includes an upper die 21 and a lower die 22. In the present embodiment, the lower mold 22 is a fixed type, and the upper mold 21 is a movable type that moves up and down with respect to the lower mold 22.

上型21は、上方に行くにつれて互いに接近する方向に傾斜した一対の傾斜面21aと、一対の傾斜面21aの上端の間に設けられ、下方に突出した係止部21bと、一対の傾斜面21aの下方に設けられた成形面21cとを有する。係止部21bは、各傾斜面21aの上端から下方に延びる係止面21dを有する。係止部21bは、上型21の本体部21eと一体又は別体に設けられる(図示例では、別体に設けられている)。成形面21cは、傾斜面21aの下端と滑らかに連続している。下型22には、U字成形品3の下部と同形状の凹部22aが設けられる。 The upper die 21 is provided between a pair of inclined surfaces 21a that are inclined in a direction of approaching each other as they go upward, and a locking portion 21b that is provided between the upper ends of the pair of inclined surfaces 21a and protrudes downward, and a pair of inclined surfaces. It has a molding surface 21c provided below the 21a. The locking portion 21b has a locking surface 21d extending downward from the upper end of each inclined surface 21a. The locking portion 21b is provided integrally with or separately from the main body portion 21e of the upper die 21 (in the illustrated example, the locking portion 21b is provided separately). The molded surface 21c is smoothly continuous with the lower end of the inclined surface 21a. The lower mold 22 is provided with a recess 22a having the same shape as the lower portion of the U-shaped molded product 3.

中間曲げ工程では、まず、図3(A)に示すように、下型22の凹部22aにU字成形品3の底部11をセットする。そして、上型21を降下させて、U字成形品3の一対の縦壁部12の上端12fを上型21で下方に押し下げることにより、図3(B)に示すように、一対の縦壁部12の上端12fが上型21の傾斜面21aに沿ってガイドされ、一対の縦壁部12が内側に傾斜して、上端12fが上型21の係止部21b(一対の係止面21d)に突き当たる。これにより、一対の縦壁部12の上端12fが、幅方向に離間した状態で、それ以上幅方向内側(互いに接近する側)への移動が規制される。この状態で、さらに上型21を降下させると、縦壁部12が長さ方向に圧縮されて座屈が生じ、縦壁部12の中間部が外側に膨出する{図3(C)参照}。その後、さらに上型21を降下させると、縦壁部12の膨出部が上型21の成形面21cに押し付けられ、これにより縦壁部12の中間部に曲げ部(縦壁部12の上端12fに隣接する曲げ部。以下、「肩曲げ部12a」と言う。)が成形される{図3(D)参照}。以上により、中間成形品4が成形される。 In the intermediate bending step, first, as shown in FIG. 3A, the bottom portion 11 of the U-shaped molded product 3 is set in the recess 22a of the lower mold 22. Then, by lowering the upper die 21 and pushing down the upper end 12f of the pair of vertical wall portions 12 of the U-shaped molded product 3 with the upper die 21, the pair of vertical walls are as shown in FIG. 3 (B). The upper end 12f of the portion 12 is guided along the inclined surface 21a of the upper die 21, the pair of vertical wall portions 12 is inclined inward, and the upper end 12f is the locking portion 21b of the upper die 21 (the pair of locking surfaces 21d). ). As a result, the upper ends 12f of the pair of vertical wall portions 12 are further restricted from moving inward in the width direction (sides approaching each other) in a state of being separated in the width direction. In this state, when the upper die 21 is further lowered, the vertical wall portion 12 is compressed in the length direction to cause buckling, and the intermediate portion of the vertical wall portion 12 bulges outward {see FIG. 3 (C). }. After that, when the upper mold 21 is further lowered, the bulging portion of the vertical wall portion 12 is pressed against the molding surface 21c of the upper mold 21, whereby the bent portion (the upper end of the vertical wall portion 12) is pressed against the middle portion of the vertical wall portion 12. A bent portion adjacent to 12f; hereinafter referred to as a “shoulder bent portion 12a”) is formed {see FIG. 3 (D)}. As a result, the intermediate molded product 4 is molded.

こうして成形された中間成形品4の一対の縦壁部12には、肩曲げ部12aと、肩曲げ部12aから下方に延びる側部12bと、肩曲げ部12aから斜め上方に延びる傾斜部12cとが設けられる。図4に拡大して示すように、中間成形品4の肩曲げ部12aは、完成品の管状部品1の肩曲げ部1bの一部と同じ形状を有し、図示例では、同じ曲率の円弧形状を有する。中間成形品4の肩曲げ部12aは、完成品の管状部品1の肩曲げ部1bと同じ位置に設けられる。すなわち、中間成形品4の縦壁部12の端部12fと肩曲げ部12aとの距離(長手方向と直交する断面における材料延在方向の距離)は、管状部品1の突合せ部1aと肩曲げ部1bとの距離と等しい。中間成形品4の傾斜部12cは、略平板状を成し、図示例では肩曲げ部12aの上端から接線方向に延びている。 The pair of vertical wall portions 12 of the intermediate molded product 4 thus formed include a shoulder bending portion 12a, a side portion 12b extending downward from the shoulder bending portion 12a, and an inclined portion 12c extending diagonally upward from the shoulder bending portion 12a. Is provided. As shown enlarged in FIG. 4, the shoulder bending portion 12a of the intermediate molded product 4 has the same shape as a part of the shoulder bending portion 1b of the tubular part 1 of the finished product, and in the illustrated example, an arc having the same curvature. Has a shape. The shoulder bending portion 12a of the intermediate molded product 4 is provided at the same position as the shoulder bending portion 1b of the tubular part 1 of the finished product. That is, the distance between the end portion 12f of the vertical wall portion 12 of the intermediate molded product 4 and the shoulder bending portion 12a (distance in the material extending direction in the cross section orthogonal to the longitudinal direction) is the butt portion 1a of the tubular component 1 and the shoulder bending portion. Equal to the distance to part 1b. The inclined portion 12c of the intermediate molded product 4 has a substantially flat plate shape, and in the illustrated example, extends in the tangential direction from the upper end of the shoulder bending portion 12a.

O曲げ工程では、中間成形品4をO曲げ金型30でプレスして、図1(D)及び図2に示す管状部品1を得る。具体的には、まず、下型32に中間成形品4の底部11をセットし{図5(A)参照}、上型31を降下させて、中間成形品4の傾斜部12cの上端12fを上型31で下方に押し下げ、縦壁部12の肩曲げ部12aをさらに曲げて、材料の端部同士を互いに突き合わせる{図5(B)参照}。その後、さらに上型31を降下させて型締めすることで、材料の端部同士が突っ張り合い、成形品全体が外側に張り出して金型に押し付けられ、これにより異形断面の管状部品1が成形される{図5(C)参照}。その後、管状部品1の材料端部同士の突合せ部1aに溶接が施される。 In the O-bending step, the intermediate molded product 4 is pressed by the O-bending die 30 to obtain the tubular part 1 shown in FIGS. 1 (D) and 2. Specifically, first, the bottom portion 11 of the intermediate molded product 4 is set on the lower mold 32 {see FIG. 5 (A)}, and the upper mold 31 is lowered to lower the upper end 12f of the inclined portion 12c of the intermediate molded product 4. The upper die 31 pushes it downward, further bends the shoulder bent portion 12a of the vertical wall portion 12, and abuts the ends of the materials against each other {see FIG. 5 (B)}. After that, by further lowering the upper mold 31 and tightening the mold, the ends of the materials are brought into contact with each other, and the entire molded product is projected outward and pressed against the mold, whereby the tubular part 1 having an irregular cross section is formed. {See Fig. 5 (C)}. After that, welding is performed on the butt portion 1a between the material ends of the tubular part 1.

以上のように、中間曲げ工程において、縦壁部12の所望の位置に所望の形状の肩曲げ部12aを成形することで、その後のO曲げ工程において、肩曲げ部12aを起点として曲げ加工を施すことができるため、縦壁部12の望まない位置に曲げ部が形成される事態が回避される。これにより、材料の端部同士を突き合わせた状態を維持しながら、異形断面の管状部品をプレス成形することが可能となる。特に、本実施形態のように、中間成形品4の肩曲げ部12aを、完成品の管状部品1の曲げ部1bの一部と同じ形状にすることで、O曲げ工程における成形不良を確実に防止できる。 As described above, in the intermediate bending step, the shoulder bending portion 12a having a desired shape is formed at the desired position of the vertical wall portion 12, and in the subsequent O bending step, the bending process is performed starting from the shoulder bending portion 12a. Since it can be applied, it is possible to avoid a situation in which a bent portion is formed at an undesired position of the vertical wall portion 12. This makes it possible to press-mold a tubular part having an irregular cross section while maintaining a state in which the ends of the material are butted against each other. In particular, as in the present embodiment, the shoulder bending portion 12a of the intermediate molded product 4 has the same shape as a part of the bending portion 1b of the tubular part 1 of the finished product, thereby ensuring molding defects in the O bending process. Can be prevented.

本発明は、上記の実施形態に限られない。以下では、本発明の他の実施形態を説明するが、上記の実施形態と同様の点は説明を省略する。 The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. Hereinafter, other embodiments of the present invention will be described, but the same points as those of the above-described embodiments will be omitted.

上記の実施形態では、断面形状が長手方向で同一のストレート形状の管状部品1のプレス成形に本発明を適用した場合を示したが、これに限らず、長手方向で断面形状が異なる管状部品のプレス成形に本発明を適用することもできる。例えば、図6及び図7に示す管状部品41は、断面形状が幅方向に長大な略四角形状を成した扁平部41aと、幅方向寸法と上下方向寸法とがおおよそ等しい略円形部41bと、扁平部41aと略円形部41bとを滑らかに連続する徐変部41cとを有する。 In the above embodiment, the case where the present invention is applied to the press molding of a straight tubular part 1 having the same cross-sectional shape in the longitudinal direction is not limited to this, but the tubular component having a different cross-sectional shape in the longitudinal direction is not limited to this. The present invention can also be applied to press molding. For example, the tubular part 41 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 has a flat portion 41a having a substantially square shape having a long cross-sectional shape in the width direction, and a substantially circular portion 41b having substantially the same width direction dimension and vertical dimension. It has a gradual change portion 41c in which the flat portion 41a and the substantially circular portion 41b are smoothly continuous.

まず、U曲げ工程で断面略U字形状のU字成形品50を成形し、このU字成形品50を、図8に示すように、中間曲げ金型20の下型22の凹部22aにセットする。U字成形品50は、長手方向で異なる断面形状を有し、各領域の下部(底部11及び底曲げ部13)は、それぞれ管状部品41の扁平部41a、略円形部41b、及び徐変部41cの下部と略同一の形状を有する。 First, a U-shaped molded product 50 having a substantially U-shaped cross section is molded in the U-bending step, and the U-shaped molded product 50 is set in the recess 22a of the lower mold 22 of the intermediate bending die 20 as shown in FIG. do. The U-shaped molded product 50 has different cross-sectional shapes in the longitudinal direction, and the lower portion (bottom portion 11 and bottom bent portion 13) of each region is a flat portion 41a, a substantially circular portion 41b, and a gradual change portion of the tubular part 41, respectively. It has substantially the same shape as the lower part of 41c.

そして、図9に示すように、上型21を降下させ、上型21の傾斜面21aで、U字成形品50の一対の縦壁部12の上端12fを内側に傾斜させる。このとき、図9(A)に示す管状部品41の扁平部41aに相当する領域では、U字成形品50の縦壁部12の上端12fが上型21の傾斜面21aに当接している。一方、図9(B)(C)に示す管状部品41の徐変部41c及び略円形部41bに相当する領域では、U字成形品50の縦壁部12の上端12fが上型21に当接せず、扁平部41aに相当する領域に追従して内側に傾斜する。 Then, as shown in FIG. 9, the upper die 21 is lowered, and the upper end 12f of the pair of vertical wall portions 12 of the U-shaped molded product 50 is tilted inward on the inclined surface 21a of the upper die 21. At this time, in the region corresponding to the flat portion 41a of the tubular component 41 shown in FIG. 9A, the upper end 12f of the vertical wall portion 12 of the U-shaped molded product 50 is in contact with the inclined surface 21a of the upper die 21. On the other hand, in the region corresponding to the gradually changing portion 41c and the substantially circular portion 41b of the tubular part 41 shown in FIGS. 9B and 9C, the upper end 12f of the vertical wall portion 12 of the U-shaped molded product 50 corresponds to the upper mold 21. It does not touch and inclines inward following the region corresponding to the flat portion 41a.

その後、さらに上型21を降下させると、図10に示すように、縦壁部12の上端12fが上型21の係止部21b(一対の係止面21d)に突き当たる。このとき、縦壁部12の上端12fが長手方向全域で同時に係止部21bに突き当たるように、上型21の形状(特に、係止部21bの形状)を設定することが好ましい。 After that, when the upper die 21 is further lowered, as shown in FIG. 10, the upper end 12f of the vertical wall portion 12 abuts on the locking portion 21b (pair of locking surfaces 21d) of the upper die 21. At this time, it is preferable to set the shape of the upper die 21 (particularly, the shape of the locking portion 21b) so that the upper end 12f of the vertical wall portion 12 simultaneously abuts on the locking portion 21b over the entire longitudinal direction.

さらに上型21を降下させると、図11に示すように、縦壁部12が圧縮され、縦壁部12の中間部が外側に湾曲して上型21の成形面21cに押し付けられる。これにより、縦壁部12の中間部の長手方向全域に肩曲げ部12aが成形され、中間成形品51が成形される。その後、中間成形品51をO曲げ金型にセットし、上型を降下させてプレスすることで、管状部品41が成形される(図示省略)。 When the upper mold 21 is further lowered, as shown in FIG. 11, the vertical wall portion 12 is compressed, and the intermediate portion of the vertical wall portion 12 is curved outward and pressed against the molding surface 21c of the upper mold 21. As a result, the shoulder bending portion 12a is formed over the entire area in the longitudinal direction of the intermediate portion of the vertical wall portion 12, and the intermediate molded product 51 is formed. After that, the intermediate molded product 51 is set in the O-bending die, and the upper die is lowered and pressed to form the tubular part 41 (not shown).

図6及び図7に示すような、異形断面を有し、且つ、長手方向で断面形状が変化する管状部品41は、プレスにより成形することは非常に困難である。具体的には、上記のように扁平部41aと略円形部41bとを有する管状部品41をプレス成形する場合、O曲げ工程において、略円形部41bの曲げ加工の影響により、扁平部41aの望まない位置が湾曲し、成形不良が生じるおそれがある。このため、従来、上記のような複雑な形状の管状部品は、ハイドロフォーミング等の高コストな方法で製造されていた。本発明者らの検証によれば、異形断面を有し、且つ、長手方向で断面形状が変化する管状部品であっても、上記のように、中間曲げ工程で縦壁部12の所望の位置に所望の形状の肩曲げ部12aを成形することにより、その後のO曲げ工程での成形不良を回避し、単純なプレス成形で形成できることが明らかになった。 As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the tubular part 41 having a deformed cross section and whose cross-sectional shape changes in the longitudinal direction is very difficult to be molded by a press. Specifically, when the tubular part 41 having the flat portion 41a and the substantially circular portion 41b is press-molded as described above, the flat portion 41a is desired due to the influence of the bending process of the substantially circular portion 41b in the O bending step. There is a risk that the position will be curved and molding defects will occur. For this reason, conventionally, tubular parts having a complicated shape as described above have been manufactured by a high-cost method such as hydroforming. According to the verification by the present inventors, even if the tubular part has a deformed cross section and the cross-sectional shape changes in the longitudinal direction, as described above, the desired position of the vertical wall portion 12 in the intermediate bending step. It was clarified that by forming the shoulder bending portion 12a having a desired shape, it is possible to avoid molding defects in the subsequent O-bending step and to form the shoulder bending portion 12a by simple press molding.

上記のO曲げ工程において、中間成形品51の縦壁部12の上端12fにO曲げ金型が当接するタイミングが長手方向で異なると、材料の端部同士が互いに突き合うタイミングが長手方向で異なる。この場合、先に突き合った長手方向領域の影響(圧縮応力)により、その後に突き合った長手方向領域において成形不良が生じるおそれがある。 In the above O-bending step, if the timing at which the O-bending die abuts on the upper end 12f of the vertical wall portion 12 of the intermediate molded product 51 differs in the longitudinal direction, the timing at which the end portions of the materials abut against each other differs in the longitudinal direction. .. In this case, due to the influence of the longitudinal region that abuts first (compressive stress), molding defects may occur in the longitudinal region that abuts after that.

かかる不具合を回避するために、中間成形品51の上端12fの長手方向における高さ変化量、すなわち、中間曲げ金型の係止面21dの長手方向における高さ変化量を、完成品の管状部品41の上端の長手方向における高さ変化量と同一にすることが好ましい。図示例では、図12に示す中間成形品51の上端12fの長手方向における高さ変化量(中間成形品51の上端12fの側面視における形状)と、図6に示す完成品の管状部品41の上面41dの長手方向における高さ変化量(管状部品41の上面41dの側面視における形状)とが同一である。この場合、中間成形品51の上端12fの高低差Xと、管状部品41の上面41dの高低差Yとが等しい(X=Y)。これにより、O曲げ工程において、中間成形品51の上端12fの長手方向全域がO曲げ金型に同時に当接し、材料の端部同士が長手方向の全域で同時に突き合って成形されるため、O曲げ工程における成形不良を確実に防止できる。 In order to avoid such a defect, the height change amount in the longitudinal direction of the upper end 12f of the intermediate molded product 51, that is, the height change amount in the longitudinal direction of the locking surface 21d of the intermediate bending die is set to the tubular component of the finished product. It is preferable that the height change amount is the same as the height change amount in the longitudinal direction of the upper end of 41. In the illustrated example, the height change amount in the longitudinal direction of the upper end 12f of the intermediate molded product 51 shown in FIG. 12 (the shape of the upper end 12f of the intermediate molded product 51 in the side view) and the tubular part 41 of the finished product shown in FIG. The amount of change in height of the upper surface 41d in the longitudinal direction (the shape of the upper surface 41d of the tubular component 41 in the side view) is the same. In this case, the height difference X of the upper end 12f of the intermediate molded product 51 and the height difference Y of the upper surface 41d of the tubular component 41 are equal (X = Y). As a result, in the O-bending step, the entire longitudinal direction of the upper end 12f of the intermediate molded product 51 abuts on the O-bending die at the same time, and the ends of the material are simultaneously abutted against each other in the entire longitudinal direction to be molded. Molding defects in the bending process can be reliably prevented.

上記の中間曲げ工程において、中間成形品51の傾斜部12cの角度(すなわち、中間曲げ金型20の上型21の傾斜面21aの角度)を立ち上げて型締め方向に近づければ、中間曲げ工程において縦壁部12に圧縮力が加わりやすくなるため、肩曲げ部12aが成形されやすくなる。しかし、傾斜部12cを立ち上げ過ぎると、肩曲げ部12aの成形領域が過少となるため、その後のO曲げ工程において成形不良が生じるおそれがある。 In the above intermediate bending step, if the angle of the inclined portion 12c of the intermediate molded product 51 (that is, the angle of the inclined surface 21a of the upper die 21 of the intermediate bending die 20) is raised and brought closer to the mold clamping direction, the intermediate bending is performed. Since the compressive force is likely to be applied to the vertical wall portion 12 in the process, the shoulder bending portion 12a is easily formed. However, if the inclined portion 12c is raised too much, the molding region of the shoulder bending portion 12a becomes too small, so that there is a possibility that molding defects may occur in the subsequent O-bending step.

そこで、中間成形品51の縦壁部12の肩曲げ部12aを、管状部品41の肩曲げ部よりも幅方向外側に配することで、肩曲げ部12aの成形領域を確保しながら、傾斜部12cを立ち上げることができる。具体的には、例えば図13に示すように、中間曲げ金型20の上型21の傾斜面21a及び成形面21cを、上記の実施形態(鎖線参照)に対して、成形面21cの下端Pを中心に幅方向外側に回転させる(矢印参照)。これにより、曲げ部12aの成形領域を上記の実施形態と同等に確保しながら、上型21の傾斜面21aを立ち上げて型締め方向(図中上下方向)に近づけることができるため、中間成形品51の肩曲げ部12aを確実に成形することができる。 Therefore, by arranging the shoulder bending portion 12a of the vertical wall portion 12 of the intermediate molded product 51 outside the shoulder bending portion of the tubular part 41 in the width direction, the inclined portion is secured while securing the molding region of the shoulder bending portion 12a. 12c can be launched. Specifically, for example, as shown in FIG. 13, the inclined surface 21a and the forming surface 21c of the upper die 21 of the intermediate bending die 20 have the lower end P of the forming surface 21c with respect to the above embodiment (see the chain line). Rotate outward in the width direction around the center (see arrow). As a result, while securing the molding region of the bent portion 12a in the same manner as in the above embodiment, the inclined surface 21a of the upper mold 21 can be raised and brought closer to the mold clamping direction (vertical direction in the figure). The shoulder bent portion 12a of the product 51 can be reliably molded.

また、図8~11に示す例では、中間曲げ金型の上型21に設けられた係止部21bが断面略V字形状をなし、係止面21dが傾斜面21aに対して略垂直に延びている。これにより、縦壁部12の上端12fが、係止面21dと略直交した状態で突き当たるため、係止面21dとの当接により材料の端部(縦壁部12の上端12f)の形状が崩れることを防止でき、その後の溶接における接合不良を防止できる。 Further, in the examples shown in FIGS. 8 to 11, the locking portion 21b provided on the upper die 21 of the intermediate bending die has a substantially V-shaped cross section, and the locking surface 21d is substantially perpendicular to the inclined surface 21a. It is extended. As a result, the upper end 12f of the vertical wall portion 12 abuts in a state substantially orthogonal to the locking surface 21d, so that the shape of the end portion of the material (upper end 12f of the vertical wall portion 12) is formed by the contact with the locking surface 21d. It is possible to prevent it from collapsing and prevent joint defects in subsequent welding.

また、図14に示すように、断面略V字形状の係止部21bを、上型21の本体部21eと別体に設け、本体部21eに対する上下方向位置を調整可能としてもよい。この場合、断面略V字形状の係止部21bの本体部21eに対する上下方向位置を調整することで、各係止面21dと縦壁部12の上端12fとの当接位置を調整することができる。例えば、係止部21bを、図14の点線に示す位置から降下させて実線に示す位置に配置すると、係止面21dと縦壁部12の上端12fとの当接部が幅方向外側に移動するため、縦壁部12に加わる圧縮力が増大する。従って、係止部21bの上下方向位置を調整することで、曲げ部12aを成形するための最適な条件を容易に設定することができる。 Further, as shown in FIG. 14, a locking portion 21b having a substantially V-shaped cross section may be provided separately from the main body portion 21e of the upper die 21 so that the vertical position with respect to the main body portion 21e can be adjusted. In this case, the contact position between each locking surface 21d and the upper end 12f of the vertical wall portion 12 can be adjusted by adjusting the vertical position of the locking portion 21b having a substantially V-shaped cross section with respect to the main body portion 21e. can. For example, when the locking portion 21b is lowered from the position shown by the dotted line in FIG. 14 and arranged at the position shown by the solid line, the contact portion between the locking surface 21d and the upper end 12f of the vertical wall portion 12 moves outward in the width direction. Therefore, the compressive force applied to the vertical wall portion 12 increases. Therefore, by adjusting the vertical position of the locking portion 21b, the optimum conditions for forming the bent portion 12a can be easily set.

管状部品1の形状は上記に限らず、例えば、上記のプレス成形方法を応用して、図15(D)に示すような断面略U字形状の管状部品61を成形することもできる。具体的には、まず、図15(A)に示すように、ブランク材2に予備曲げ加工を施して凸湾曲部14を成形した後、図15(B)に示すようにU曲げ工程を施してU字成形品3を成形する。これにより、U字成形品3の底部11に、縦壁部12が延びる方向(図中上方)に突出した凸湾曲部14が設けられる。その後、中間曲げ工程においてU字成形品3をプレスして縦壁部12に曲げ部12aを成形し、中間成形品4を得る{図15(C)参照}。その後、O曲げ工程において中間成形品4をプレスすることで、中間成形品4の端部同士を突き合わせて成形し、断面略U字形状の管状部品61を得る{図15(D)参照}。 The shape of the tubular part 1 is not limited to the above, and for example, the above-mentioned press molding method can be applied to form a tubular part 61 having a substantially U-shaped cross section as shown in FIG. 15 (D). Specifically, first, as shown in FIG. 15 (A), the blank material 2 is pre-bent to form the convex curved portion 14, and then the U-bending step is performed as shown in FIG. 15 (B). The U-shaped molded product 3 is molded. As a result, the bottom portion 11 of the U-shaped molded product 3 is provided with a convex curved portion 14 projecting in the direction in which the vertical wall portion 12 extends (upper in the figure). Then, in the intermediate bending step, the U-shaped molded product 3 is pressed to form the bent portion 12a on the vertical wall portion 12 to obtain the intermediate molded product 4 {see FIG. 15 (C)}. Then, by pressing the intermediate molded product 4 in the O-bending step, the ends of the intermediate molded product 4 are abutted against each other and molded to obtain a tubular part 61 having a substantially U-shaped cross section {see FIG. 15 (D)}.

この場合、断面略U字形状の管状部品61の下部の折り返し部61aが曲げ加工により成形されるため、この折り返し部61aに生じるひずみ及び応力が緩和され、応力を除去するための焼きなまし等の後処理が不要となる。また、断面形状(特に、折り返し部61aの形状)を自由に設計することができるため、例えば折り返し部61aの曲率を小さくすることで、折り返し部61aにおけるひずみ及び応力の集中をより一層緩和することができる。さらに、上記の方法では、断面形状が長手方向で変化した管状部品でも成形することができるため、製品形状の自由度が増大する。 In this case, since the folded portion 61a at the lower part of the tubular part 61 having a substantially U-shaped cross section is formed by bending, the strain and stress generated in the folded portion 61a are relaxed, and after annealing or the like for removing the stress. No processing is required. Further, since the cross-sectional shape (particularly, the shape of the folded portion 61a) can be freely designed, for example, by reducing the curvature of the folded portion 61a, the concentration of strain and stress in the folded portion 61a can be further alleviated. Can be done. Further, in the above method, even a tubular part whose cross-sectional shape changes in the longitudinal direction can be molded, so that the degree of freedom in the product shape is increased.

以上の実施形態では、中間曲げ工程が一段階である場合を示したが、中間曲げ工程を多段階に分けて行ってもよい。 In the above embodiments, the case where the intermediate bending step is one step is shown, but the intermediate bending step may be divided into a plurality of steps.

以上のようなプレス成形方法は、異形断面の管状部品のプレス成形に適用することができ、例えば、自動車のリアサスペンションの左右のトレーリングアームやこれらを連結する中間ビームのプレス成形に適用することができる。 The above press forming method can be applied to the press forming of tubular parts having a deformed cross section, and is, for example, applied to the press forming of the left and right trailing arms of the rear suspension of an automobile and the intermediate beam connecting them. Can be done.

1 管状部品
1a 突合せ部
1b 肩曲げ部
2 ブランク材
3 U字成形品
4 中間成形品
11 底部
12 縦壁部
12a 肩曲げ部(曲げ部)
12b 側部
12c 傾斜部
13 底曲げ部
20 中間曲げ金型
21 上型
21a 傾斜面
21b 係止部
21c 成形面
22 下型
30 O曲げ金型
31 上型
32 下型
1 Tubular part 1a Butt part 1b Shoulder bending part 2 Blank material 3 U-shaped molded product 4 Intermediate molded product 11 Bottom 12 Vertical wall part 12a Shoulder bending part (bending part)
12b Side part 12c Inclined part 13 Bottom bending part 20 Intermediate bending mold 21 Upper mold 21a Inclined surface 21b Locking part 21c Molding surface 22 Lower mold 30 O Bending mold 31 Upper mold 32 Lower mold

Claims (2)

異形断面の管状部品をプレス成形するための方法であって、
底部及び該底部の両端から立ち上がった一対の縦壁部を成形するU曲げ工程と、
中間曲げ金型で、前記一対の縦壁部の端部を、前記中間曲げ金型に設けられた係止部に突き当ててプレスすることにより外側に膨出させて前記中間曲げ金型に設けられた成形面に押し付けて、各縦壁部の中間部に、該縦壁部の他の領域よりも曲率が大きい曲げ部を成形する中間曲げ工程と、
最終曲げ金型で、前記曲げ部をさらに曲げながら前記一対の縦壁部の端部同士を突き合わせてプレスすることにより、前記一対の縦壁部を外側に膨出させて前記最終曲げ金型に設けられた成形面に押し付けて、前記管状部品を成形する最終曲げ工程とを有する管状部品のプレス成形方法。
A method for press molding tubular parts with irregular cross sections.
A U-bending process for forming a pair of vertical wall portions rising from the bottom portion and both ends of the bottom portion, and
In the intermediate bending die, the ends of the pair of vertical wall portions are abutted against the locking portions provided in the intermediate bending die and pressed to bulge outward to be provided in the intermediate bending die. An intermediate bending step of forming a bent portion having a larger curvature than other regions of the vertical wall portion in the intermediate portion of each vertical wall portion by pressing against the formed molding surface .
In the final bending die, the pair of vertical wall portions are bulged outward to form the final bending die by pressing the ends of the pair of vertical wall portions against each other while further bending the bent portions. A method for press molding a tubular part, which comprises a final bending step of pressing the tubular part against a provided molding surface to form the tubular part.
U曲げ工程で成形される前記底部に、前記一対の縦壁部が延びる方向に突出した凸湾曲部を設ける請求項1に記載のプレス成形方法。 The press molding method according to claim 1, wherein a convex curved portion is provided on the bottom portion formed in the U-bending step so as to project in a direction in which the pair of vertical wall portions extend.
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JPS5318457A (en) * 1976-08-05 1978-02-20 Toyota Motor Co Ltd Method of molding by bending circular member having incomplete section and bending mold
JPS57165120A (en) * 1981-04-03 1982-10-12 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Manufacture of bent pipe
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JP2001191112A (en) 2000-01-07 2001-07-17 Toyota Motor Corp Method and apparatus for forming tubular member having rectangular cross section
JP2009513354A (en) 2003-07-01 2009-04-02 ティッセンクルップ スチール アクチェンゲゼルシャフト Method for manufacturing a hollow profile comprising a number of longitudinal segments having slots in the longitudinal direction and having different cross-sections from a metal sheet
JP2014004626A (en) 2012-05-29 2014-01-16 Jfe Steel Corp Method of manufacturing different-diameter tubular component, and molding metal mold
WO2016136259A1 (en) 2015-02-25 2016-09-01 新日鐵住金株式会社 Metal formed product including tubular part having slit and manufacturing method therefor, and manufacturing device and die used for same

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