JP7011358B1 - Pulse control device for inductor-based electromagnetic devices - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device which prolongs an operation time from a power source and reduces a load of an electric circuit from a power source to an electric machine or a transformer. SOLUTION: The pulse control device is a combination of an electric motor and / or an inducer, and is an electromagnetic device such as an electric motor, a generator and a transformer, and an electric machine, and a control unit and / or an inducer in combination with the electric motor. Used as a combination of. [Effect] It reduces the power consumption consumed from the power source and saves energy while creating an improvement in the efficiency of the electromagnetic device based on the inductor. In addition, the power supply is additionally protected from self-induction, which improves the reliability of the device. [Selection diagram] None

Description

(Field of invention)
The present invention relates to electrical engineering, particularly to the design of pulse control units in combination with electric motors and / or inductors, and it also relates to electromagnetic devices such as DC motors, generators, transformers and electrical machinery, especially electric motors. And / or can be used as a control unit in combination with an inductor.

An object of the proposed invention is to increase the operating time from the power source and reduce the load on the electrical circuit from the power source to the electric machine or transformer.

A device that forms a self-induced electromotive force (EMF) in an inductor is a widely known scheme, as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B. It includes a DC power supply PS, an inductor L, an electrical load D, and a key K. When the key K is closed, a current from the power source flows through the inductor L, and an electromagnetic field is generated around the inductor L. As the load, for example, an LED can be used, but since it is connected with the opposite polarity, it does not light. When the key K is released, the current from the PS is cut off as shown in FIG. 1B, the magnetic field is rewound to the coil, and a potential difference is generated at both ends of the inductor. When the LED closes the inductor, a secondary current is generated in both the coil itself and the LED, causing the LED to light for a short time. This shunt scheme is widely used to protect keys from self-guided EMF and is also used in almost all pulsed DC motor control units.

The disadvantage of this method is that some of the self-induced EMF energy is released as heat in the shunt diode and some is dissipated into the surrounding space.

The technical consequences of the proposed solution are to reduce the power consumption and save energy from the power source while improving the efficiency of the inductance-based electromagnetic device. In addition, the power supply is additionally protected from self-induction, which improves the reliability of the device.

This technical result is achieved by a device that includes a DC power supply PS, one or more inductors L, a one-sided conductive element D1, an electrical load R, two keys K1 and K2, and a buffer energy storage C. Here, the inductor L by the key K1 is connected to the minus of the power supply, the buffer energy storage is connected to the minus of the power supply, the cathode of D1 is connected to the buffer energy storage C, and the electric load R is the cathode and buffer of D1. Connected to the cathode of the energy storage, the electrical load R is connected to the positive of the power supply and to the beginning of one or more inductors L via the key K2. See Figures 2-4.

In the first aspect of the present invention, the device includes a first circuit, a second circuit, and a third circuit, wherein the first circuit includes a power supply, an inductive element, and a first key in a closed position. , The second circuit includes a power supply, an inductive element, an element that conducts current in one direction, a buffer energy storage, and a first key in a closed position, and the second circuit is an inductive element. Generates a secondary current, which forms a secondary magnetic field around the inductive element, thereby producing secondary useful work in the inductive element and buffer energy storage, causing current to flow in one direction. The elements are coupled to the inductive element, the buffer energy storage is coupled to the negative of the power supply via the first key, the second circuit further contains the second key in the open position, the second key is the inductive element and Coupled to the electrical load, the electrical load is coupled to the buffer energy storage and the element that conducts current in one direction, and the third circuit is the power supply, the buffer energy storage, the electrical load, and the second key in the closed position. A device is provided, including a first key in an open position.

The device may further include a core introduced inside the inductive element.

The element that carries current in one direction can be a semiconductor diode.

The first key can generate a pulse through the closing and opening of the first circuit, the frequency of the pulse and the range of the pulse are determined based on the characteristics of the inductive element.

The power source can be a direct current (DC) power source.

The inductive element may include a portion of a brushed DC electric motor and the electrical load may include a separate excitation winding of the brushed DC electric motor.

The inductive element and electrical load can be a permanent magnet motor.

The inductive element can include a portion of a permanent magnet motor and the electrical load can be galvanic energy storage.

The inductive element can be choked and the electrical load can be a transformer.

1A and 1B (prior art) show a known circuit for protecting the key K from the high voltage self-induction EMF that occurs when the circuit is opened.

2A-2C show different moments of operation of the proposed device. This device provides a 30-50% efficiency improvement compared to the devices of FIGS. 1A-1B.

3A-3C show the implementation of the proposed device for universal motors with independent excitation windings.

4A-4C show the implementation of the proposed device for two permanent magnet motors.

5A-5C show implementations of proposed devices for permanent magnet motors and galvanic energy storage.

6A-6C show the implementation of the proposed device for chokes and transformers.

The technical result of the present invention lies in energy savings for electric motors, pulse transformers, and other electromagnetic devices based on inductors.

Device 1 includes the three circuits shown in FIGS. 2A-2C. Referring to FIG. 2A, the first circuit has a power source (PS) 2, an inductive element 3, and an initially closed first key 5. The second circuit is connected to the same inductive element 3 as the first circuit, the inductive element 3 is connected to an element 7 that conducts current in one direction, which is connected to the buffer energy storage 4, which is then connected to the buffer energy storage 4. It is connected to the minus of the power supply 2. FIG. 2B shows the second step when the first key 5 is released and the second key 6 connected to the guiding element 3 is released. The second circuit serves to generate a secondary current in the inductive element 3 of the first circuit, thereby forming a secondary magnetic field around the inductive element 3, thereby causing the inductive element 3 of the first circuit to generate a secondary magnetic field. Secondary useful work is generated, and secondary useful work is also generated in the buffer energy storage 4 of the second circuit. The third circuit includes the buffer energy storage 4, which acts as an energy source because the voltage level at 4 is higher than the power supply 2, thereby using the energy of the buffer energy storage 4 and using this energy. When the second key 6 connected to the load R is closed, it is possible to return to the power supply 2 via the current of the load R, and while the first key 5 is open, the second key 6 is connected to the power supply PS. See FIG. 2C.

The pulse duration generated by the power supply and the spacing between the pulses are varied, and the pulse duration and the spacing between them determines the reduction in load consumption after passing energy from the power supply through the system. In this case, there may be one or more additional guiding elements L.

The buffer energy storage C may be in the form of a capacitor.

Alternatively, the electrical load R may include a portion of an electrical machine, an LED, a transformer, an electric motor, and other inductor-based electromagnetic devices.

In the initial state, the first key K1 is closed (the second key K2 is open), and a current is flowing through the inductor / inducer coil L. At the same time as the current becomes maximum, the key K1 is released. In the inductor coil L, the inductor is shunted via the D1, the buffer energy storage C, and the power source, so that a potential difference occurs. In the closed loop, self-induced EMF is generated from which the buffer energy storage C is charged (see FIG. 2B). At this time, the voltage of the buffer energy storage C is higher than the voltage of the power supply. When the current passes through D1 (if D1 is an LED), we will see a short blink of the LED. As described above, the buffer energy storage C charged with a voltage higher than the voltage of the power supply itself is an energy source of the power supply. This can improve the efficiency of the inductance-based electromagnetic device, reduce the energy consumed from the power source, and save energy.

When the second key K2 is closed (see FIG. 2C), the energy of the buffer energy storage C is released to the power source via the load R. This partially compensates for the energy cost of the power source spent on generating the main pulse, which, if R is an LED, lights up for a short time. This shunt option allows the first key K1 to be protected from self-induced EMF, does useful work for D1 and R, and partially supplements the energy spent generating the main pulse from the PS. Will be.

This device provides a 30-50% efficiency improvement as compared to prior art devices, as illustrated in FIGS. 1A-1B.

Various implementations of the proposed device are disclosed below.

3A-3C show the implementation of the proposed device for a brushed DC electric motor with independent excitation windings. The operation of the proposed device is as follows. When the power supply 2 is turned on, the voltage of the capacitor 4 is equalized to the level of the power supply. Release keys 5 and 6 before starting the brushed DC electric motor.

After closing the first key 5, a current appears in the circuit including the power supply 2, the motor armature 3, and the first key 5 (FIG. 3A). When the current reaches the maximum value, the first key 5 is released (see FIG. 3B). Current no longer flows in the first circuit, and a potential difference (self-induced EMF) exceeding the voltage of the power supply appears in the winding of the motor rotor 3. A current flows through the second circuit composed of the winding (L1) of the motor rotor 3, the diode 7 (D1), the capacitor 4 (C), and the power supply 2. The capacitor 4 is charged. When the voltage of the capacitor becomes higher than the voltage of the power supply, the second key 6 is closed (see FIG. 3C). A current flows through a third circuit including a capacitor 4 (C), an excitation winding 8 (L2), a second key 6 (K2), and a power supply 2. The capacitor 4 (C) is discharged via the excitation winding 8 (L2) of the power supply and the second key 6 (K2) until the voltage level with the power supply becomes equal. When the voltages become equal, K2 of the second key 6 is released. When this cycle is complete, all steps are repeated after the first key 5 is closed.

4A-4C show the implementation of the proposed device for two permanent magnet motors. The operation of the proposed device is as follows. When the power supply 2 is turned on, the voltage of the capacitor 4 is equalized to the level of the power supply. Release keys 5 and 6 before starting the brushed DC electric motor.

After closing the first key 5, a current appears in the circuit consisting of the power supply 2, the motor armature 3, and the first key 5 (FIG. 4A). When the current reaches the maximum value, the first key 5 is released (FIG. 4B). Current no longer flows in the first circuit, and a potential difference (self-induced EMF) exceeding the voltage of the power supply appears in the winding of the motor rotor 3. A current flows through the second circuit including the winding (L1) of the first motor rotor 3, the diode 7 (D1), the capacitor 4 (C), and the power supply 2. The capacitor 4 is charged. When the voltage of the capacitor becomes higher than the voltage of the power supply, the second key 6 is closed (FIG. 4C). A current flows through a third circuit including a capacitor 4 (C), a second motor rotor 8 (L2), a second key 6 (K2), and a power supply 2. The capacitor 4 (C) is discharged via the second motor rotor 8 (L2) and the second key 6 (K2) of the power supply until the voltage level with the power supply becomes equal. When the voltages become equal, K2 of the second key 6 is released. When this cycle is complete, everything is repeated after the first key 5 is closed.

5A-5C show implementations of proposed devices for permanent magnet motors and galvanic energy storage. The operation of the proposed device is as follows. When the power supply 2 is turned on, the voltage of the capacitor 4 is equalized to the level of the power supply. Release keys 5 and 6 before starting the brushed DC electric motor.

After closing the first key 5, a current appears in the circuit consisting of the power supply 2, the motor armature 3, and the first key 5 (FIG. 5A). When the current reaches the maximum value, the first key 5 is released (FIG. 5B). Current no longer flows in the first circuit, and a potential difference (self-induced EMF) exceeding the voltage of the power supply appears in the winding of the motor rotor 3. A current flows through the second circuit composed of the winding (L1) of the motor rotor 3, the diode 7 (D1), the capacitor 4 (C), and the power supply 2. The capacitor 4 is charged. When the voltage of the capacitor becomes higher than the voltage of the power supply, the second key 6 is closed (FIG. 5C). A current flows through a third circuit including a capacitor 4 (C), a galvanic energy storage 8 (L2), a second key 6 (K2), and a power supply 2. The capacitor 4 (C) is discharged via the galvanic energy storage 8 (L2) and the second key 6 (K2) of the power supply until the voltage level with the power supply becomes equal. When the voltages become equal, K2 of the second key 6 is released. When this cycle is complete, everything is repeated after the first key 5 is closed.

6A-6C show the implementation of the proposed device for chokes and transformers. The operation of the proposed device is as follows. When the power supply 2 is turned on, the voltage of the capacitor 4 is equalized to the level of the power supply. Release keys 5 and 6 before starting the brushed DC electric motor.

After closing the first key 5, a current appears in the circuit consisting of the power supply 2, the choke 3, and the first key 5 (FIG. 6A). When the current reaches the maximum value, the first key 5 is released (FIG. 6B). No current flows in the first circuit, and a potential difference (self-induced EMF) exceeding the voltage of the power supply appears in the winding of the choke 3. A current flows through the second circuit including the winding (L1) of the choke 3, the diode 7 (D1), the capacitor 4 (C), and the power supply 2. The capacitor 4 is charged. When the voltage of the capacitor becomes higher than the voltage of the power supply, the second key 6 is closed (FIG. 6C). A current flows through a third circuit including a capacitor 4 (C), a transformer 8 (L2), a second key 6 (K2), and a power supply 2. The capacitor 4 (C) is discharged via the power transformer 8 (L2) and the second key 6 (K2) until the voltage level with the power supply becomes equal. When the voltages become equal, K2 of the second key 6 is released. When this cycle is complete, everything is repeated after the first key 5 is closed.

As illustrated and illustrated, the invention includes a first circuit, a second circuit, and a third circuit, the first circuit comprising a power supply, an inductive element, and a first key in a closed position. , The second circuit includes a power supply, an inductive element, an element that conducts current in one direction, a buffer energy storage, and a first key in an open position, and the second circuit is an inductive element. Generates a secondary current, which forms a secondary magnetic field around the inductive element, thereby producing secondary useful work in the inductive element and buffer energy storage, causing current to flow in one direction. The elements are coupled to the inductive element, the buffer energy storage is coupled to the negative of the power supply via the first key, the second circuit further contains the second key in the open position, the second key is the inductive element and Coupled to the electrical load, the electrical load is coupled to the buffer energy storage and the element that conducts current in one direction, and the third circuit is the power supply, the buffer energy storage, the electrical load, and the second key in the closed position. , The first key in the open position, and.

In some embodiments, the device comprises a core introduced inside the inductive element, or the element carrying current in one direction is a semiconductor diode, or the first key closes and opens the first circuit. Through, the pulse is generated and the frequency and range of the pulse is determined based on the characteristics of the inductive element, or the power source is a direct current (DC) power source, or the inductive element is a universal brushed DC electricity. Including part of the motor, the electrical load includes a separate excitation winding of a universal brushed DC electric motor, or the inductive element and electric load are permanent magnet motors, or the inductive element is one of the permanent magnet motors. The electrical load is a galvanic energy storage, or the inductive element is a choke and the electrical load is a metamorphic device.

Descriptions of preferred embodiments of the invention are presented for illustration and illustration purposes. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the exact form disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of skill in the art. The scope of the invention is intended to be defined by the following claims and their equivalents.

Further, the terms "example" or "exemplary" are used herein to mean serve as an example, an example, or an illustration. Any aspect or design described herein as "exemplary" should not necessarily be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects or designs. Rather, the use of the words "example" or "exemplary" is intended to demonstrate the concept. As used herein, the term "or" is intended to mean a comprehensive "or" rather than an exclusive "or". That is, unless otherwise specified, or unless the context makes clear, "X adopts A or B" is intended to mean any natural inclusive permutation. That is, when X adopts A, X adopts B, or X adopts both A and B, "X adopts A or B" means in any of the above cases. But it will be satisfied. In addition, the articles "a" and "an" used in this and the appended claims are generally "unless otherwise specified, or unless it is clear from the context that they are singular. It should be interpreted to mean "one or more."

Claims (9)

A device including a first circuit, a second circuit, and a third circuit.
The first circuit is
Power supply and
Inducing elements and
Including the first key in the closed position,
The second circuit is
With the power supply
With the guiding element
An element that allows current to flow in one direction,
Buffer energy storage and
Including the first key in the open position,
The second circuit generates a secondary current in the inductive element, which forms a secondary magnetic field around the inductive element, thereby secondary to the inductive element and the buffer energy storage. Produce useful work,
The element, which carries an electric current in one direction, is coupled to the inductive element.
The buffer energy storage is coupled to the negative of the power supply via the first key.
The second circuit further includes a second key in an open position, the second key being coupled to the inductive element and an electrical load, the electrical load being the buffer energy storage and the element carrying current in one direction. Combined with
The third circuit is
With the power supply
With the buffer energy storage
With the electric load
With the second key in the closed position,
The first key in the open position and
Including
The device, wherein the buffer energy storage remains greater than zero throughout, thereby charging the power source. The device of claim 1, further comprising a core introduced inside the inductive element. The device according to claim 1, wherein the element that allows current to flow in one direction is a semiconductor diode. 1. device. The device according to claim 1, wherein the power supply is a direct current (DC) power supply. The device of claim 1, wherein the inductive element comprises a portion of a brushed DC electric motor , wherein the electric load comprises an independent excitation winding of the brushed DC electric motor . The device of claim 1, wherein the guiding element and the electrical load are permanent magnet motors. The device of claim 1, wherein the inductive element comprises a portion of a permanent magnet motor and the electrical load is galvanic energy storage. The device of claim 1, wherein the inductive element is a choke and the electrical load is a transformer.

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