JP7009774B2 - Model eye - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a model eye.

In diagnosing glaucoma, it is useful to observe the angle of the eye to be inspected. Conventionally, the angle is visually observed by the examiner through an angle mirror (gonio lens). In recent years, various devices for photographing an angle have been proposed. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a device that shoots and receives illumination light to the human eye via an optical axis inclined with respect to the visual axis of the human eye, and captures an angle image of the human eye. ..

International Publication 2015/180923

However, since there has not been a model eye suitable for confirming the operation of the device exemplified in Patent Document 1 in the past, it has been difficult to promptly confirm the operation or the like.
Further, since the device exemplified in Patent Document 1 needs to take a picture with the tip of the device close to the eye, when the device is newly introduced into a facility, it is used for demonstration or training of the taking operation. It is thought that a model eye of is required.

The present disclosure has been made in view of the problems of the prior art, and an object of the present disclosure is to provide a novel model eye used in an apparatus for capturing an angle image of the human eye.

The model eye according to the first aspect of the present disclosure is an ophthalmologic imaging apparatus for photographing an angular region of the human eye by transmitting and receiving illumination light through an imaging optical axis inclined with respect to the visual axis of the human eye. A circular front surface serving as an incident window for the illumination light from the ophthalmologic photographing apparatus, a circular rear surface facing the front surface, and a circular rear surface facing the front surface , and a circular front surface facing the front surface, and a circular front surface facing the front surface. A cylindrical main body integrally formed with a cylindrical side surface connecting the front surface and the rear surface, and the main body straddling the side surface, the rear surface, or both the side surface and the rear surface of the main body portion. A pseudo-iris portion formed in a portion, comprising a pseudo-iris portion with a dark color and a pseudo-corner portion formed in a region near the outer periphery of the pseudo-iris portion, the pseudo-iris portion and the pseudo-iris portion. The pseudo-corner portion is formed so as to be photographed by the ophthalmologic photographing apparatus by receiving and receiving the illumination light obliquely incident on the inside of the main body portion from the front surface by the ophthalmologic photographing apparatus.

According to the present disclosure, it is possible to provide a novel model eye used in an apparatus for capturing an angle image of the human eye.

It is a figure which showed the model eye which concerns on Example. It is a schematic diagram which showed the schematic structure of the ophthalmologic imaging apparatus of an Example. It is a schematic diagram which showed an example of a photographing optical system. (A) is a corner image of the human eye taken by the ophthalmologic photographing apparatus according to the embodiment, and (b) is a photographed image of a model eye. It is a partial cross-sectional view in the photographic optical system which showed the structure for guiding the fixation target to the lens center of the photographic optical system.

"Overview"
Hereinafter, the model eyes of the present disclosure will be described based on the embodiments. The model eye of the present embodiment has a structure that pseudo-represents the anterior segment of the human eye, particularly at least the angle portion.
The model eye of the present embodiment is used in an ophthalmologic imaging apparatus that photographs an angle region of the human eye by transmitting and receiving illumination light via an imaging optical axis that is inclined with respect to the visual axis of the human eye. .. For example, it may be used for checking the operation of an ophthalmologic photographing apparatus. In addition, the above-mentioned ophthalmologic imaging device may be used instead of the human eye in a demonstration of imaging operation when the device is installed in a facility, or in an operation training of an examiner.

The model eye includes at least a main body portion, a pseudo iris portion, and a pseudo corner portion.

The main body portion is the main body portion of the model eye and is formed in a cylindrical shape (cylindrical shape). That is, it has a cylindrical (cylindrical) side surface. Further, the main body portion may be formed of transparent glass, resin, or the like.

The outer circumference of the side surface of the main body does not necessarily have to be formed by a circle having a constant radius at each position in the front-rear direction (direction along the central axis of the cylinder), and the outer circumference may be thinner toward the end side. , May be tapered so that the middle is the thinnest. In other words, the outer peripheral surface of the side surface of the main body portion does not have to be a strict cylinder, but may have a barrel shape, a pincushion shape, a frustum shape, or the like.

The main body may be a solid member filled with the contents of the cylinder, or may be a member having a hollow structure without the contents of the cylinder. Further, the content of the cylindrical portion may be filled with a member having a refractive index different from that of the outside (for example, oil or the like).

The front surface of the main body is at least an incident window of the illumination light from the photographing device. A lens surface (spherical surface) may be formed on the front surface. Instead of the lens surface, a wall-like surface such as a flat surface may be formed.

Details will be described later in Examples, but for example, since the optical axis of the ophthalmologic photographing apparatus is greatly inclined with respect to the visual axis, it may be necessary to photograph with an extremely short working distance. At this time, a gel is interposed between the tip of the device (inspection window) and the cornea of the human eye in order to suppress the corneal reflex of the illumination light and alleviate the refraction at the tip interface of the device. , A method of shooting is conceivable. Similarly, when shooting with a model eye through a gel, the presence of a wall-like surface in front of the model eye makes the gel intervention between the ophthalmologic imaging device and the model eye constant in each shooting. can.

However, the present invention is not limited to this, and when the main body portion of the model eye has a hollow structure, the front surface portion may be formed as an opening connected to the hollow portion.

The pseudo-iris part is a part that imitates the iris of the human eye. The pseudo-iris portion is formed on the posterior surface, a part of the side surface, or both a part of the side surface and the posterior surface of the main body portion.

When the ophthalmologic imaging apparatus is in an appropriate alignment state with respect to the model eye, the pseudo-iris portion is included in the irradiation range of the illumination light emitted from the ophthalmologic imaging apparatus. For example, when the tissue around the angle is roughly divided into the corneal side and the iris side across the angle, the outer circumference of the pseudo-iris part becomes the boundary for distinguishing the corneal side and the iris side in the model eye. obtain.

The light and darkness of the pseudo-iris part is different from that of the outer area. Preferably, the outer region is darkened. The dark color here means that the amount of absorption of illumination light is relatively large. The color may be expressed by coloring one surface of the main body portion, or may be expressed by adhering or adhering another member. As an example, a pseudo-iris portion may be formed by coloring with a color close to the iris of the human eye (for example, blue, green, brown, etc.). It should be noted that the region inside the pseudo-iris portion does not necessarily have to be uniformly colored, and only a part near the outer periphery may be colored.

The outer circumference of the pseudo-iris portion may be formed in a circular shape centered on the central axis of the main body portion. For example, the position where the rear surface and the side surface of the main body portion intersect may be formed as the outer circumference of the pseudo iris portion. In this case, a pseudo angle is formed by the angle formed by the rear surface and the side surface.

The region near the outer periphery of the pseudo-iris portion is the pseudo-angle portion that imitates the corner region. That is, when the portion is photographed by the ophthalmologic photographing apparatus, a pseudo-angle angle image including the iris portion and the corneal portion can be obtained, which is similar to the case where the corner angle of the human eye is photographed.

The pseudo-angle portion may be further provided with a pattern imitating a linear feature portion in the corner region of the human eye as the pseudo-feature portion. For example, a linear pattern simulating any of the trabecular meshwork, Schwalbe line, scleral spur, ciliary band, and features due to lesions is ring-shaped or lateral on the posterior surface. It may be attached in a ring shape so as to surround the outer periphery of the portion.

Since it is considered that each dimension such as the thickness and the diameter of the model eye can be appropriately set by those skilled in the art based on the refractive index of the material, the description thereof will be omitted.

"Example"
Hereinafter, examples of the model eye according to the present disclosure will be shown with reference to the drawings.

The model eye 101 according to the embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The model eye 101 is a resin model eye formed solidly with a transparent resin.

The model eye 101 has a main body portion 110, a front surface portion 120, a pseudo iris portion 130, and a pseudo angle portion 140. In the embodiment, the model eye 101 has the appearance of a plano-convex lens having an edge, and the convex surface (lens surface) is the front surface 120. On the other hand, a pseudo iris portion 130 is provided on the rear surface, which is a flat surface. The pseudo-iris portion 130 is represented by coloring a flat surface with a color close to that of the iris of the human eye. Since the pseudo-iris portion 130 is formed by coloring one surface of the model eye 101 of this embodiment, the work at the time of manufacturing is easy.

The pseudo-angle portion 140 is formed as a region where the side surface of the main body portion 110 and the pseudo-iris portion 130 intersect. That is, in this embodiment, the corner portion formed by the plane and the side surface of the plano-convex lens is the pseudo-corner portion 140.

Further, a part of the lens edge on the side surface of the main body 110 is grooved, and the grooved portion is colored to simulate the linear feature portion of the angle. .. The grooving process facilitates the coloring work. For example, a line indicating the trabecular meshwork may be formed on the side surface of the main body portion 110 in a pseudo manner. It is preferable that this portion is colored with a color different from that of the pseudo-iris portion 130. When observing the image captured by the ophthalmologic photographing apparatus 1, the examiner can easily distinguish between the pseudo iris portion 130 and the pseudo linear feature portion.

In this embodiment, a case where only one pseudo linear feature portion is formed has been illustrated, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a plurality of linear feature portions corresponding to different feature portions are not necessarily limited to this. However, it may be formed on the side surface of the main body portion 110. In this case, the linear feature portion may be formed with a different color or a different line type for each type of the linear feature portion.

Next, with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5, a schematic configuration of the ophthalmologic imaging apparatus 1 used for imaging a model eye will be described. The ophthalmologic photographing apparatus 1 is an angle photographing apparatus. The ophthalmologic photographing apparatus 1 captures a reflected image of the corner of the eye to be inspected.

<Device configuration of ophthalmic imaging device>
First, with reference to FIG. 2, a mode of attaching a model eye to the ophthalmologic imaging apparatus 1 will be described. The model eye 101 according to the embodiment is included in the model eye unit 100 in FIG. 2, and is fixed to the ophthalmologic imaging device 1 as the model eye unit 100.

In the following description, the X direction shown in FIG. 2 will be referred to as a left-right direction, the Y direction will be referred to as a vertical direction, and the Z direction will be referred to as a front-back direction.

The ophthalmologic photographing apparatus 1 irradiates the central axis of the model eye 101 with illumination light in an oblique direction. The shooting line-shaped shadow optical axis in the ophthalmologic photographing apparatus 1 is inclined with respect to the fixed-viewing optical axis and is directed toward the angle region. The ophthalmologic photographing apparatus 1 receives the reflected light from the corner region along the photographing optical axis, thereby photographing the reflected image in the corner region of the eye to be inspected as an angle image.

As shown in FIG. 2, the ophthalmologic imaging apparatus 1 includes a base 3, an alignment mechanism 4, a face support unit 6, a joystick 7, a monitor 8, an optical unit 10, and the like.

The optical unit 10 has a main optical system used for photographing a reflected image of an angle. Details of the optical system will be described later with reference to FIG. In the embodiment, the optical unit 10 is housed in the cover 10a. However, the tip portion 11 is exposed to the outside of the cover 10a.

The base 3 supports the moving table 4 and the face support unit 6. In this embodiment, the model eye unit 100 is mounted on a chin stand provided on the face support unit 6.

The moving table 4 in this embodiment is arranged on the base 3 and has a mechanical moving mechanism between the moving table 4 and the base 3. This moving mechanism moves the moving table 4 in the XZ direction, and as a result, adjusts the positional relationship between the eye E to be inspected and the optical unit 10 in the XZ direction. The examiner moves the moving table 4 with respect to the base 3 by operating the joystick 7.

The monitor 8 is arranged on the side surface of the housing on the examiner side. The monitor 8 may be a display unit that displays an angle image taken through the optical unit 10.

Next, the optical configuration of the ophthalmologic imaging apparatus 1 will be described with reference to FIG. The ophthalmologic imaging apparatus 1 has at least an imaging optical system 30. Further, in this embodiment, the optometry optical system 70 is further provided.

<Focus optical system>
For convenience, first, the optometry optical system 70 will be described. The fixation optical system 70 has at least a fixation light source (fixation target) 71. Further, in FIG. 3, the optometry optical system 70 further includes an aperture 72, a lens 73, and a mirror 74. The light (fixed luminous flux) emitted from the light source 71 passes through the lens 73 via the aperture 72 and is collimated with a predetermined luminous flux diameter. The collimated light is bent by the mirror 74. Then, the fixation light flux passes through the center of the lens 49 and the objective reflection unit 50 (prism in this embodiment) and is projected onto the model eye 101. Here, the mirror 74 is arranged at a position that does not block the illumination light. A specific example of attaching the mirror 74 will be described later with reference to FIG. 5, after the photographing optical system 30 is specifically shown.

In FIG. 3, the optical axis of the fixation optical system 70 (more specifically, the range from the mirror 74 to the model eye 101 in the optical axis of the fixation optical system 70) is represented by the reference numeral L1. Further, L1 is referred to as an optical axis for fixation. Each member of the photographing optical system 30 shown in FIG. 3 is arranged with reference to the fixed optical axis L1.

<Shooting optical system>
The photographing optical system 30 includes a floodlight optical system 40 and a light receiving optical system 60. Further, the photographing optical system 30 has a photographing optical axis L2. The photographing optical axis L2 is tilted with respect to the fixation optical axis L1 and is directed toward the angle of the model eye 101.

The projection optical system 40 has at least an objective reflection unit 50 and a light eccentric unit 48. Further, in the embodiment, the projection optical system 40 includes a light source 41, a lens 42, an aperture 43, a lens 44, a mirror 45, a ring aperture 46, a perforated mirror 47, and a lens 49.

The light source 41 is a light source of illumination light applied to a corner. In this embodiment, the light source 41 emits visible light. In the following description, in order to obtain a corner image as a color image, it is assumed that at least light of a plurality of colors having different wavelength ranges (for example, white light) can be emitted.

The light (illumination light) from the light source 41 is incident on the optical eccentric portion 48 via the lens 42, the aperture 43, the lens 44, the mirror 45, the ring aperture 46, and the perforated mirror 47.

Here, the ring aperture 46 is provided to suppress stray light due to reflection inside the photographing optical system 30. For example, reflection by the surface of the lens 48c, the lens 49, etc. on the light source 41 side is suppressed by the ring aperture 46.

Further, the perforated mirror 47 is an example of an optical path branching portion for branching an optical path between the light projecting optical system 40 and the light receiving optical system 60. Instead of the perforated mirror 47, another beam splitter such as a half mirror may be applied. In this embodiment, the light from the light source 41 is reflected by the mirror surface of the perforated mirror 47 toward the light eccentric portion 48.

In this embodiment, the optical path center of the illumination light reflected by the perforated mirror 47 is coaxial with the fixed-view optical axis L1.

The optical eccentric portion 48 eccentricizes the optical path of the illumination light with respect to the fixed-view optical axis L1. In this embodiment, the center of the optical path of the illumination light is shifted by a predetermined interval with respect to the fixed-view optical axis L1 by using two mirrors 48a and 48b arranged in parallel. The shifted illumination light passes through the lens 48c and is emitted to the outside from the light eccentric portion 48.

The lens 49 and the objective reflection unit 50 are arranged at positions where their respective optical axes are separated from the optical path center of the illumination light eccentric by the optical eccentric unit 48. In this embodiment, the respective optical axes of the lens 49 and the objective reflection unit 50 are arranged coaxially with the fixation optical axis L1.

The illumination light passes through the peripheral portion (region away from the optical axis) of the lens 49 and is guided to the objective reflection portion 50. In the present embodiment, the lens 49 is a lens having a negative power, and the illumination light emitted from the optical eccentric portion 49 substantially in parallel with the fixed-viewing optical axis L1 is bent in a direction away from the fixed-viewing optical axis L1. , Is incident on the objective reflection unit 50.

The objective reflecting unit 50 has a reflecting surface that bends the illumination light toward the fixed optical axis L1 side. The optical axis of the illumination light reflected by the reflecting surface is bent so as to be greatly inclined with respect to the fixed-view optical axis L1 and guided to the outside of the apparatus. At this time, the optical axis guided to the outside of the apparatus is used as the photographing optical axis L2 in this embodiment. The illumination light from the device irradiates the region including the pseudo-corner portion 140 of the model eye 101 along the photographing optical axis L2. When the model eye 101 is replaced with a human eye, the thickness, radius, etc. of the model eye 101 are set under the condition that the illumination light irradiates the corner region of the human eye.

In this embodiment, a plurality of reflecting surfaces are arranged side by side around the optical axis in the objective reflecting unit 50. As a specific example of the objective reflection unit 50, in this embodiment, for example, a frustum-shaped prism having a regular polygon on the bottom surface is used. More specifically, the bottom surface is a regular hexadecagon, and a prism having 16 side surfaces is utilized. In the present embodiment, when viewed from the model eye 101, the fixation optical axis L1 is in each direction of 0 °, 22.5 °, 45 °, 67.5 °, 90 ° ... (Omitted) ... 337.5 °. A reflective surface facing the surface is arranged. It should be noted that each angle is an angle with respect to the fixed optical axis L1. Further, for convenience of explanation, 0 ° is on a horizontal plane (more specifically, on the right side on the horizontal plane when viewed from the ophthalmologic imaging apparatus 1).

However, the reflective surface does not necessarily have to be divided into a plurality of sheets, and may be formed by a series of curved surfaces. Further, the objective reflecting unit 50 does not necessarily have to be a prism, and may be, for example, a reflecting mirror. In the case of a reflecting mirror, it may be a tubular multi-sided mirror or a curved mirror having a reflecting surface on the optical axis side.

Here, the ophthalmologic photographing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment has a driving unit (not shown) that rotates the optical eccentric portion 48 around the fixation optical axis L1. In response to the rotation of the optical eccentric portion 48, the incident position of the illumination light with respect to the lens 49 and the objective reflecting portion 50 is rotated around the fixed optical axis L1. As a result, the photographing optical axis L2 is rotated around the fixation optical axis L1, and as a result, the irradiation position of the illumination light around the entire circumference of the angle is displaced.

In this embodiment, the gel G is interposed between the objective reflection unit 50 (prism) and the model eye 101. The gel G is applied in order to suppress the reflection of the illumination light by the surface of the model eye 101 and to alleviate the refraction at the tip interface of the objective reflection unit 50. When photographing the human eye, it is applied to the cornea or the like. The gel G may be in contact with both the tip of the model eye 101 and the objective reflecting portion 50 in a state of being filled in a holding container (not shown) (for details, refer to "Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-17680" by the present applicant. See "Gazette" etc.).

The illumination light emitted by the projection optical system 40 is reflected in the pseudo-corner portion 140 and its vicinity, and is guided to the light receiving optical system 60 inside the apparatus by following the photographing optical axis L2.

In this embodiment, the light receiving optical system 60 has at least an image pickup element (an example of a light receiving element) 62. Further, the light receiving optical system 60 shares at least the objective reflection unit 50 and the perforated mirror (beam splitter) 47 with the light projecting optical system 40. Further, the optical eccentric portion 48, the lens 49, etc. may be shared with the light projecting optical system 40. Further, the light receiving optical system 60 has a focus lens 61. The focus lens 61 is a part of the focus changing portion in the photographing optical system 30 of this embodiment. The ophthalmologic photographing apparatus 1 is provided with a driving unit 61a for moving the focus lens 61 along the optical axis. The drive unit 61a may include, for example, a linear actuator.

The reflected light is applied to the perforated mirror 47 via the objective reflecting portion 50, the lens 49, and the light eccentric portion 48. After that, the reflected light passes through the aperture of the perforated mirror 47 and the focus lens 61, respectively, and is imaged in the image pickup device 62. As a result, a pseudo angle image with the portion irradiated with the illumination light as the photographing position is obtained based on the received light signal from the image pickup device 62.

Here, FIG. 4A shows an angle image obtained by photographing a human eye with the ophthalmologic imaging apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 4B shows a model eye 101 under the same conditions. A pseudo-angle image at the time of shooting is shown. As is clear from the comparison between FIG. 4 (a) and FIG. 4 (b), in the pseudo-angle image, the features in the angle image such as the boundary portion with the iris and the linear feature portion are modeled. It is well reproduced in the pseudo-angle image by 101.

Further, by rotating the optical eccentric portion 48 and rotating the imaging optical axis L2 around the fixation optical axis L1, the imaging position on the entire circumference of the corner of the model eye 101 can be switched. As described above, in the present embodiment, since the objective reflection unit 50 has 16 reflection surfaces, the entire circumference of the angle can be divided into 16 and each of them can be selectively photographed. The angle image taken at each shooting position may be displayed on a monitor (not shown) by printing or displaying. If it is confirmed that the pseudo-angle portion is depicted at the desired position in each corner image taken in the proper alignment state, the shooting operation is normal. Further, in a device in which alignment adjustment is performed based on an angle image, it is conceivable to use a model eye even in the relevant scene. In this case, the alignment adjustment is automatically or manually performed based on the pseudo-angle portion included in each of the two corner images whose shooting positions are diagonally related to the entire circumference of the corner. You may.

<How to fix the mirror of the optometry optical system>
Here, a method of fixing the mirror 74 in this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, the mirror 74 is arranged between the lens 49 and the optical eccentric portion 48. At each rotation position of the light eccentric portion 48, it is not preferable that the mirror 74 and the mirror mounting member overlap with the passing position of the illumination light. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the mirror 74 is fixed to the central portion of the lens 49 via the mounting member 75.

The mounting member 75 has a connecting portion 75a and a mirror holding portion 75b.

As shown in FIG. 5, both the mirror 74 and the mounting member 75 are formed in a size sufficiently small with respect to the diameter of the lens 49. Specifically, the sizes of the mirror 74 and the mounting member 75 are such that they do not block the illumination light that is projected and received from the corner of the eye to be inspected.

The mounting member 75 is roughly classified into a mirror holding portion 75a and a connecting portion 75b. The mirror holding portion 75a holds the mirror 74 in an inclined state with respect to the optical axis of the lens 49. The connection portion 75b is a connection portion with the lens 49. The connecting portion 75b is formed so as to open a passing region of the fixed-view light beam reflected by the mirror 74. In the embodiment, the connecting portion 75 is formed in a pipe shape.

Further, in this embodiment, a through hole is formed in the central portion of the lens 49, and the connection portion 75b is inserted into the through port in the attachment member 75, and the attachment member 75 is attached to the lens 49. The through hole is formed in a size substantially matching the outer circumference of the connecting portion 75b. Therefore, the mirror 74 can be easily positioned and fixed with respect to the lens 49 at the time of manufacturing.

Here, the lens 49 may be a molded lens having a through hole formed in advance. Compared with the case of drilling a through hole in the lens 49, the manufacturing process can be suppressed, and the occurrence of defects due to drilling can be suppressed.

Although FIG. 5 shows an embodiment in which the mirror 74 is fixed to the lens 49, another method may be applied as a method for fixing the mirror. For example, it is not always necessary to provide a through hole in the lens 49, and the mirror 74 may be fixed to the lens 49 by simply adhering the mounting member to the lens 49 with an adhesive or the like. Further, for example, the mirror 74 may be attached to the lens barrel of the lens 49. In this case, the mirror 74 may be, for example, a member having a reflective surface formed only in the central portion and a transmissive surface in the peripheral portion. At this time, the reflective surface may be formed to have substantially the same size as the central portion of the lens 49. Further, for example, the mirror 74 may be a wavelength selection mirror that transmits illumination light and reflects a fixed-view light flux.

Although the present disclosure has been described above based on the embodiments, the present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications are possible.

1 Ophthalmology imaging device 101 Model eye 110 Main body 120 Front 130 Pseudo-iris 140 Pseudo-angle

Claims (1)

It is a model eye for an ophthalmologic photography device that photographs the angle region of the human eye by transmitting and receiving illumination light through an imaging optical axis that is inclined with respect to the visual axis of the human eye.
A transparent, solid member connects the front surface of a circle serving as an incident window of the illumination light from the ophthalmologic imaging device, the rear surface of the circle facing the front surface , and the front surface and the rear surface. A cylindrical body that is integrally formed with the cylindrical side surface,
A pseudo-iris portion formed on the main body portion over the side surface, the rear surface, or both the side surface and the rear surface of the main body portion, the pseudo iris portion having a dark color, and the pseudo iris portion. With a pseudo-angle portion formed in the region near the outer circumference of the
The pseudo-iris portion and the pseudo-corner portion are photographed by the ophthalmologic photographing apparatus by receiving and receiving the illumination light obliquely incident on the inside of the main body portion from the front surface of the ophthalmologic photographing apparatus. A model eye formed like this .

Images