JP6995183B1 - Motor core structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a motor capable of improving followability due to initial operation at startup and fluctuation of rotation by reducing the weight of the core of the motor. The present invention is a core structure of a motor having a structure in which a gap region is provided between a plurality of laminated electromagnetic steel sheets to insulate the core structure, and the gap region leaves an edge portion of the plurality of electromagnetic steel sheets. A configuration is adopted in which at least one spacer electrical steel sheet from which the central portion is cut off and the spacer electrical steel sheet are continuously sandwiched between both sides of the motor core electrical steel sheet with the central portion left. [Selection diagram] Fig. 1

Description

The present invention relates to the core structure of the motor, and more specifically, in order to reduce the weight of the core to improve the response and to increase the number of rotations at the rated voltage, the present invention is laminated unlike the conventional insulating means. It relates to a motor core structure for weight reduction by adopting a structure in which a gap region is provided between electromagnetic steel sheets.

The conventional motor core is composed of a number of laminated magnetic steel sheets, and the surface of each of the relevant electrical steel sheets is subjected to an insulating treatment such as an insulating film, and the weight of the entire laminated core becomes large. Is. Then, a large starting power is required because a large torque is required in the initial operation at the beginning of rotation. In addition, the followability deteriorates in the usage method in which the rotation speed fluctuates. In a DC motor such as a stepping motor, which cannot control the rotation angle, if the core is heavy, an inertial force acts greatly, which affects the rise and fall of rotation. Therefore, it is necessary to devise to construct a lightweight core. However, for reasons such as suppressing the generation of eddy currents, the configuration of laminating thin electromagnetic steel sheets has become a common technical knowledge, and in the relevant technical field, weight reduction of the core is unexpectedly neglected. Conceivable.

Further, the motor core used for a small motor or the like is conventionally formed by laminating metal plates to a predetermined shape by press working, and the shape as the laminated motor core has, for example, a plurality of salient poles. The tip of each salient pole has an arcuate shape, and the winding is wound for each salient pole. Such a core is used as a rotor of a motor, but if the salient pole of the core and the windings are not insulated, each winding will be short-circuited through the core, and the motor itself will function. It will not be done. Therefore, it is necessary to insulate between the core and the winding, and the surface of the laminated magnetic steel sheet is usually insulated in advance.

As such an insulating treatment means, a method of forming an insulating layer on the surface of a motor core by an electrodeposition paint, a solvent spray, a powder paint or the like has been conventionally adopted. However, when the insulating layer is covered with such a paint, there is a problem that the insulating layer is easily peeled off from the edge portion of the motor core, and as a result, the insulating characteristics of the insulating layer are deteriorated. Therefore, there was no choice but to increase the film thickness of the insulating layer. In recent years, motors have been required to be smaller and thinner, and higher performance (high withstand voltage) has been required, and thinning of the insulating layer has been required.
The film-shaped insulating layer, whether thin or thick, is costly in the molding process and increases the manufacturing process. Therefore, it can be said that the problem is that an insulating layer having excellent insulating characteristics can be easily formed other than painting.

Therefore, in view of the above problems, various technical proposals have been made conventionally. For example, a technique in which the title of the invention is "a method for manufacturing a motor core and a motor core and a high frequency motor" is disclosed (see Patent Document 1). Specifically, the problem is "manufacturing split cores and rotor cores made of laminated steel sheets at low cost without using special materials and without installing large-scale equipment." In the method for manufacturing a motor core in which the laminated steel sheets are laminated and the laminated steel sheets are integrated to manufacture the motor core, a baking step (STEP: 05) and a step of adhering the laminated steel sheets laminated after the baking step (STEP: 06). The technology such as "is provided with and is a publicly known technology." However, the technique described in Patent Document 1 is characterized in that the work-hardened electromagnetic steel sheet is removed from the work-hardened strain by pure baking, and has a configuration in which a gap region is provided as an insulating means as in the present invention. Are different, and the problem of weight reduction has not been solved yet.

Further, a technique in which the title of the invention is "a method for manufacturing a stator for a wheel-in motor" is disclosed (see Patent Document 2). Specifically, the challenge is to "provide a manufacturing method that easily manufactures a thin, compact, high-performance wheel-in-motor stator", and as a solution, "weld and divide a plurality of electrical steel sheets while pressing them together." The welding step to form the stator core, the coil winding step to wind the round wire around the core to make a split stator piece while processing the round wire into a square wire, and the bulging part of the wound square wire are pressed evenly from both sides. A coil forming step for shaping into a predetermined shape, a stator combination step for combining each divided stator piece into a ring shape, a connection step for connecting the related coil terminals of each divided stator piece, and each division combined in a ring shape. A technique of "including a mold step in which a stator piece is placed in a mold and the shape is fixed and resin is injected to permanently fix the stator shape" has been published and is a publicly known technique. However, although the technique described in Patent Document 2 relates to a method for manufacturing a motor core, it is welded while pressure welding as a means for joining a plurality of electromagnetic steel sheets, and it is said that a gap region is formed in the process. The configuration is not adopted, and the problem of the present invention has not been solved from the viewpoint of weight reduction.

Further, a technique in which the title of the invention is "motor iron core structure" is disclosed (see Patent Document 3). Specifically, "It is an object of the present invention to improve the strength of the iron core by injecting a sealing agent such as resin into the gap formed between the tooth portion and the insulating member." As a solution, "The motor iron core structure according to the present invention seals resin or the like in the gap formed between the tooth portion and the insulating member when a large number of iron core pieces are stacked. By injecting an agent and hardening it, the iron core is strengthened, and the insulating member and windings are firmly fixed to the iron core. " However, the technique described in Patent Document 3 has a main purpose of improving the strength of the iron core, and does not employ a configuration in which a gap region is provided in order to reduce the weight, which is a problem of the present invention. Has not yet been resolved.

JP-A-2005-287134 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-05583 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 20020-51486

An object of the present invention is to provide a motor capable of improving the followability associated with the initial operation at the time of starting and the fluctuation of rotation by reducing the weight of the core of the motor.

The present invention is a core structure of a motor having a structure in which a gap region is provided between a plurality of laminated electromagnetic steel sheets to insulate the core structure. A configuration is adopted in which at least one of the cut-out spacer electrical steel sheets and the spacer electrical steel sheets are continuously sandwiched by the motor core electrical steel sheets with the central portion left from both sides.

Further, the present invention adopts a configuration in which the spacer electromagnetic steel sheets are provided in plurality among the electromagnetic steel sheets having a plurality of gap regions, and the spacer electromagnetic steel sheets are continuously sandwiched by the motor core electromagnetic steel sheets from both sides. You can also.

Further, in the present invention, it is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the spacer electromagnetic steel sheet and the motor core electromagnetic steel sheet are treated with an insulating film.

Further, in the present invention, it is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the material of the spacer electromagnetic steel sheet and the motor core electromagnetic steel sheet are both made of iron.

According to the core structure of the motor according to the present invention, by reducing the weight of the core itself, it is possible to exert an excellent effect that the followability of the rotation speed accompanying the voltage change is improved.

Further, according to the core structure of the motor according to the present invention, since the core is made lighter, it attracts from a farther distance and repels from a farther distance, so that the output per rated current increases and the rotation speed is low. It exerts an excellent effect that makes it possible to increase the torque.

Further, according to the core structure of the motor according to the present invention, since the insulation treatment of the laminated electromagnetic steel sheets is insulated by providing a space, it is not necessary to apply a special surface treatment such as an insulating film, and the eddy current can be generated. It exerts an excellent effect that the cost can be reduced while suppressing the occurrence.

Further, in the core structure of the motor according to the present invention, when a configuration is adopted in which a plurality of spacer electrical steel sheets are provided and the spacer electrical steel sheets are sandwiched by the motor core electrical steel sheets from both sides among the electromagnetic steel sheets having a plurality of gap regions. It is possible to reduce the weight. However, when such a configuration is adopted, if the gap region is too large, the output will decrease, so it is necessary to appropriately select the number of spacer electrical steel sheets. It exerts an excellent effect.

It is a basic structure explanatory drawing explaining the basic structure of the core structure of the motor which concerns on this invention. It is a structure explanatory drawing explaining the arrangement structure of the gap area which concerns on this invention. It is a block diagram explaining the arrangement composition of the gap region by the test apparatus of the core structure of the motor which concerns on this invention.

The present invention is a core structure of a motor having a structure in which a gap region is provided between a plurality of laminated electromagnetic steel sheets to insulate the core structure. By continuously sandwiching the cut-out at least one spacer electrical steel sheet with the motor core electrical steel sheet with the central part left from both sides, a large number of spacer electrical steel sheets are formed inside the core to reduce the weight. It is the biggest feature.
Hereinafter, description will be given based on the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the shape and structure described in the drawings, and can be changed within the range in which the effect exerted as the creation of the technical idea of the present invention can be obtained.

FIG. 1 is a basic configuration explanatory diagram illustrating a basic configuration of a core structure of a motor according to the present invention. 2A and 2B are configuration explanatory views illustrating an arrangement configuration of the gap region 20 according to the present invention, and FIG. 2A shows a state in which the electrical steel sheet 10 is viewed from the axial direction of the motor shaft, and is shown in FIG. 2 (a). b) shows the state seen from the vertical direction of the motor shaft. Note that FIG. 2B is an example of a configuration in which two spacer electrical steel sheets 12 are sandwiched between the spacer electrical steel sheets 12 by motor core electrical steel sheets 13 from both sides, and the sandwiched spacer electrical steel sheets 12 are 2. It is not limited to the number of sheets, but it depends on the thickness of the spacer electrical steel sheet 12, but it is appropriate from the balance between the decrease in energy efficiency of the motor due to the iron loss increased by the presence of the gap region 20 and the improvement in performance due to the weight reduction. select.

The core structure 1 of the motor is a core structure of a motor having a structure in which a gap region 20 is provided between a plurality of laminated electromagnetic steel sheets 10 to insulate the core structure 1, and the gap region 20 is an edge portion of the plurality of electromagnetic steel sheets 10. A structure in which at least one or more spacer electrical steel sheets 12 from which the central portion is cut off leaving 11 and the spacer electrical steel sheets 12 sandwiched between the motor core electrical steel sheets 13 with the central portion left from both sides is continuously formed inside the core 30. A large number of gap regions 20 are formed to reduce the weight. Further, it is also effective to further reduce the weight as a gap region 20 in a large space by having a configuration in which a plurality of spacer electrical steel sheets 12 are sandwiched between the motor core electrical steel sheets 13.

The electromagnetic steel sheet 10 is a functional material laminated and used as an iron core of a transformer or a rotary machine (motor), and among the substances existing on the earth, the ferromagnetic element at room temperature is "iron" and " There are only three types, nickel and cobalt. Magnetism is generated where electricity flows. For example, when a copper wire is wound around iron and electricity is passed through it, a space (magnetic field) where magnetic force extends is generated. Ferromagnetic elements have the property of becoming (magnetizing) themselves as magnets at that time. The cause of the action of a magnet to attract iron pieces is called magnetism, and the space covered by the magnetic action is called a magnetic field. When an iron piece is placed in a magnetic field, magnetic force lines flow to generate a magnetic pole, which becomes a magnet, and this phenomenon is called magnetic induction. The ferromagnet "iron, nickel, cobalt" consists of a small area with magnetized magnetism (spontaneous magnetism), and the area of the small magnet is called a magnetic domain, and the boundary is called a domain wall. If there is no magnetic field, each of them exists in a random direction, but when a magnetic field (magnetic field) is applied from the outside, they are aligned in the same direction, showing the appearance of one magnet. There are two types of magnetic materials: "soft magnetic materials" that easily reverse the magnetization when the direction of the current is reversed, and "hard magnetic materials" that continue to maintain the magnetization even when the current is turned off and become permanent magnets. The steel plate 10 corresponds to a soft magnetic material. The "soft magnetic material (electrical steel sheet 10)" easily reacts when a magnetic field is applied from the outside, and as soon as its direction is reversed, its own magnetization is also reversed. That is, it has a characteristic that it is easy for magnetic force lines to pass through (high magnetic permeability). An iron 15 was used for the experimental prototype.

The edge portion 11 refers to the outer peripheral edge portion on the stator (stator) side of the electromagnetic steel sheet 10 constituting the rotor 30 (rotor), which is a portion protruding in an arc shape in the circumferential direction, and is a core structure of the motor. The gap region 20 does not exist between the plurality of electromagnetic steel sheets 10 laminated in 1. Both tip portions of the edge portion 11 protruding from the tip end in the circumferential direction are portions to be joined by soldering, brazing, laser welding, adhesion, caulking, or the like. In the experimentally prototyped one, a soldering means was adopted.

The spacer electrical steel sheet 12 has a shape in which the central portion of the plurality of electrical steel sheets (10) is cut off while leaving the edge portion (11) in order to create a gap region 20 between the plurality of laminated electromagnetic steel sheets 10. , It is sandwiched between the motor core electromagnetic steel sheets 13.

The motor core electromagnetic steel sheet 13 is a member in which the entire core 30 is laminated, and has a shape as shown in FIG. 1. As the material, if it is made of iron 15, it is suitable in terms of cost.

The insulating film treatment 14 is usually applied to all the surfaces of the laminated magnetic steel sheets 10 one by one, but in the core structure 1 of the motor according to the present invention, the electromagnetic steel adjacent to each other in the gap region 20 is applied. Since the steel sheet 10 does not come into contact with each other, it is not necessary in principle. However, since the edge portion of the electromagnetic steel sheet 10 is laminated in a contact state between the spacer electromagnetic steel sheet 12 and the motor core electromagnetic steel sheet 13, the insulating coating treatment 14 is applied only to the edge portion 11 or the contact portion with the spacer electromagnetic steel sheet 12. Is also valid. As for the insulating coating treatment 14, a method of forming an insulating layer on the surface of the edge portion 11 by an electrodeposition paint, a solvent spray, a powder paint or the like may be used as in the conventional case.

The iron 15 is the material of the electromagnetic steel sheet 10. The electromagnetic steel plate 10 is a "magnetic material" that has magnetic properties at the same time as a steel material, and "property attached to magnets (ferromagnetism)" is indispensable for the material to have magnetism. Among the existing substances, there are only three ferromagnetic elements at room temperature, "iron", "nickel", and "cobalt", and the magnetic materials used industrially are these three elements in the form of alloys and oxides. In most cases, it contains any of the above. Magnetic force is generated where there is electricity. For example, when a copper wire is wound around iron and electricity is passed through it, a space (magnetic field) covered by magnetic force is created. Ferromagnetic elements have the property of becoming (magnetizing) themselves as magnets at that time. Iron is a useful material that has strong magnetism while being a structural material, and the magnetic material is a "soft magnetic material" whose magnetization easily reverses when the direction of the current is reversed, and even if the direction of the current is reversed. There are two types of "hard magnetic materials" that continue to maintain magnetization and become permanent magnets. The iron 15 as the electromagnetic steel sheet 10 corresponds to a soft magnetic material.

The gap region 20 is an important technical element in the core structure 1 of the motor according to the present invention, and contributes to weight reduction and improvement of rotational characteristics. Specifically, at least one spacer electrical steel sheet 12 from which the central portion of the plurality of electrical steel sheets 10 is cut off leaving the edge portion 11 and the motor core electrical steel sheet 12 having the spacer electromagnetic steel sheet 12 left from both sides at the central portion. It is a space formed in large numbers inside the core 30 by the continuous configuration sandwiched by the thirteen.

The core 30 is formed by laminating a plurality of laminated steel plates 10 in a core shape and stacking them together. Usually, the integration includes a method of welding required portions in the plate thickness direction, a method of caulking a plurality of electromagnetic steel sheets 10 and press-joining them, and a method of applying an adhesive to the electrical steel sheets 10 and laminating and fixing them. In the case of the welding method, the laminated steel plates are short-circuited at the welded portion, and welding must be avoided at the portion through which magnetism passes, which causes restrictions on the welded portion.

Further, the core 30 on the rotor side is divided into a plurality of parts, but in the divided type core, the number of welding points increases, and it becomes difficult to weld while avoiding the parts that pass through the magnetism. There is a problem that it is practically difficult to use welding. In particular, the core on the rotor side rotates in a magnetic field, and it is difficult to weld while avoiding the part that passes through magnetism, and a laser welder is required to manufacture the motor core 30 by welding. , The cost will be high.

In addition, although the caulking method can be supplied at a lower cost than the welding method, a high-precision laser cutting machine, a high-precision mold, etc. are required for accurate cutting and accurate press coupling. After all cost becomes a problem.

Furthermore, according to the adhesive method in which an adhesive is applied to the electrical steel sheets 10 and laminated and fixed, the adhesive is attached between the electrical steel sheets 10 one by one and stacked, so that the processing time and the like are reduced due to the absence of processing. As a result, the cost is high, but there is no thermal effect or loss of iron loss. In addition to being compatible with thinning of electrical steel sheets 10, it has high adhesiveness, so vibration is small and it can withstand high rotation of the motor, mold accuracy is not required, and motor characteristics are better than other methods. improves. However, there is a problem that the bonding time in the bonding process is long. Based on the merits and demerits of each of the above-mentioned coupling means, in the experimentally prototyped one, it is a part of the outer periphery of the edge 11 by soldering, and is within the clearance between the stator (stator) and the rotor (rotor). We adopted a coupling method that allows solder to flow so that it fits.

The winding 40 is a wire used for exchanging electric energy and magnetic energy with each other, in other words, the electric wire for winding of an electric device is generally called a magnet wire, and is wound around an electromagnetic steel plate 10 to be a motor coil. To form. There are many types of windings 40, but it is sufficient to use an enamel wire coated with a general copper wire, the insulation thickness is thin and uniform, and the electrical characteristics such as dielectric breakdown voltage and insulation resistance are good. The type is not particularly limited as long as it has the performance required for a motor coil.

The stator 50 is a stationary portion (stator) of the motor and is a part of a magnetic circuit composed of permanent magnets.

FIG. 3 is a configuration explanatory diagram illustrating an arrangement configuration of a gap region by a test device for a core structure of a motor according to the present invention. FIG. 3A shows a laminated state of the entire laminated electromagnetic steel sheets 10, and FIG. 3B is a partially enlarged view thereof. Although it is difficult to see in the photograph shown as a drawing, the plurality of plate-shaped members that look whitish are the motor core electrical steel sheets 13, and the gap region 20 that looks black between them is. Further, although it is difficult to see due to the solder, there is a spacer electrical steel sheet 12 under the solder. In the core 30 used in the experimentally prototyped device, when two pacer electromagnetic steel sheets 12 are sandwiched in each gap of 40 motor core electrical steel sheets 13, the laminated thickness is 45 mm, and the gap is It can be seen that the portion of the region 20 is lightened.

According to the core structure of the motor according to the present invention, the weight can be reduced as compared with the motor core of the same size, so that the followability of rotation and the output / torque can be improved, and the industrial product using an electric motor or the like can be improved. Since it can be widely used, it is considered to have high industrial applicability.

1 Motor core structure 10 Electrical steel sheet 11 Edge 12 Spacer electrical steel sheet 13 Motor core electrical steel sheet 14 Insulation film treatment 15 Iron 20 Gap area 30 Core 40 Winding 50 Stator

Claims (4)

It is a core structure of a motor having a structure in which a gap region (20) is provided between a plurality of laminated electromagnetic steel sheets (10) to insulate them.
The gap region (20) is
At least one spacer electrical steel sheet (12) from which the central portion of the plurality of electrical steel sheets (10) is cut off, leaving the edge portion (11), and
The gap region 20 is formed inside the core (30) according to the number of consecutive layers in which the spacer electrical steel sheet (12) is sandwiched between the motor core electrical steel sheets (13) with the central portion left from both sides. The core structure of the motor (1), which is characterized by further weight reduction. The gap region (20)
Of the plurality of electrical steel sheets (10), at least two or more of the spacer electrical steel sheets (12) are provided, and the plurality of spacer electrical steel sheets (12) are sandwiched from both sides by the motor core electrical steel sheets (13). The claim is characterized in that the weight is reduced by forming the gap region (20) in a larger space than the case where the spacer electromagnetic steel sheet (12) is one inside the core (30). Item 1. The core structure (1) of the motor according to Item 1. The motor core structure (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the spacer electrical steel sheet (12) and the motor core electrical steel sheet (13) are subjected to an insulating film treatment (14). The core structure of the motor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein both the spacer electromagnetic steel (12) plate and the motor core electromagnetic steel plate (13) are made of iron (15). (1).

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