JP6952678B2 - ディロフィラリア症の拡大を抑制するためのネオニコチノイドとピレスロイドとの組合せ - Google Patents
ディロフィラリア症の拡大を抑制するためのネオニコチノイドとピレスロイドとの組合せ Download PDFInfo
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- JP6952678B2 JP6952678B2 JP2018500534A JP2018500534A JP6952678B2 JP 6952678 B2 JP6952678 B2 JP 6952678B2 JP 2018500534 A JP2018500534 A JP 2018500534A JP 2018500534 A JP2018500534 A JP 2018500534A JP 6952678 B2 JP6952678 B2 JP 6952678B2
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Classifications
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- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N51/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds having the sequences of atoms O—N—S, X—O—S, N—N—S, O—N—N or O-halogen, regardless of the number of bonds each atom has and with no atom of these sequences forming part of a heterocyclic ring
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N53/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing cyclopropane carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/21—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates
- A61K31/215—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/21—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates
- A61K31/215—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids
- A61K31/216—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids of acids having aromatic rings, e.g. benactizyne, clofibrate
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
- A61K31/34—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having five-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. isosorbide
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
- A61K31/34—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having five-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. isosorbide
- A61K31/341—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having five-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. isosorbide not condensed with another ring, e.g. ranitidine, furosemide, bufetolol, muscarine
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
- A61K31/4402—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof only substituted in position 2, e.g. pheniramine, bisacodyl
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K45/00—Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
- A61K45/06—Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0014—Skin, i.e. galenical aspects of topical compositions
- A61K9/0017—Non-human animal skin, e.g. pour-on, spot-on
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P33/00—Antiparasitic agents
- A61P33/10—Anthelmintics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2300/00—Mixtures or combinations of active ingredients, wherein at least one active ingredient is fully defined in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
- A61K31/35—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/351—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with another ring
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
Description
医薬品の臨床試験の実施基準(Good Clinical Practice)に準拠して行われた単一施設での盲検の対照試験において、12頭のイヌを、前処置の蚊の数に基づいて6頭のイヌの2つのグループに無作為に割り当てた。0日目に、最少用量の46.6mg/kgのペルメトリン、6.40mg/kgのジノテフラン及び0.57mg/kgのピリプロキシフェンの局所用組合せを投与して処置を行った。各イヌを、鎮静状態下にて、処置後−6日目、1日目、7日目、14日目、21日目及び28日目に、未摂食の100匹の成虫雌ネッタイシマカ(Aedes aegypti)に曝露した。イヌの全身を蚊に曝露した。1時間曝露した後、蚊を数え、死亡又は生存、摂食又は未摂食として分類した。製品の抗摂食性忌避効果は、87.0%〜94.7%の範囲であった。殺虫効果は、28日目までで93%を超えていた。この組合せは、蚊の殺虫に効果的であり、蚊による血液摂食を抑止し、処置されたイヌにより良好な認容性が示された。
医薬品の臨床試験の実施基準に準拠して行われた単一施設での盲検の対照試験において、ハートワーム(ディロフィラリア・イミティス)に陽性でミクロフィラリア血症である6頭のイヌを、ミクロフィラリア血症に基づいて3頭のイヌの2つのグループに無作為に割り当てた。0日目に、最少用量の46.6mg/kgのペルメトリン、6.40mg/kgのジノテフラン及び0.57mg/kgのピリプロキシフェンの局所用組合せを投与して処置を行った。各イヌを、鎮静状態下にて、処置後−7日目、7日目、14日目、21日目及び28日目に、未摂食の100匹の成虫雌ネッタイシマカに曝露した。イヌの全身を蚊に曝露した。摂食後直ちに、血液摂食した20匹の蚊を吸引によってケージから採取し、解剖の前に2分間冷却した。各蚊の中腸を染色し、ミクロフィラリア数について顕微鏡下で評価した。この組合せは、処置されたイヌに良好に認容された。処置前に、イヌのミクロフィラリア数は400〜32100ミクロフィラリア/mLであり、血液摂食した蚊の95%はミクロフィラリア(1〜742)を有していた。7日目から28日目までで、処置後に、処置されたイヌに曝露された蚊のいずれも、ミクロフィラリアを有していなかった。抗摂取効果は、処置後28日間で100%であった。この組合せは、蚊によるミクロフィリア血症のイヌからのミクロフィラリア摂取を、1ヵ月間阻害するのに非常に有効であった。
医薬品の臨床試験の実施基準に準拠して行われた単一施設での盲検の対照試験において、ハートワーム(ディロフィラリア・イミティス)に陽性でミクロフィラリア血症である6頭のイヌを、ミクロフィラリア血症に基づいて3頭のイヌの2つのグループに無作為に割り当てた。0日目に、最少用量の46.6mg/kgのペルメトリン、6.40mg/kgのジノテフラン及び0.57mg/kgのピリプロキシフェンの局所用組合せを投与して処置を行った。各イヌを、鎮静状態下において、処置後−7日目、7日目、14日目、21日目及び28日目に、未摂食の100匹の成虫雌ネッタイシマカに曝露した。イヌの全身を蚊に曝露した。1時間曝露した後、蚊を吸引によってケージから採取し、死亡又は生存、摂食又は未摂食を分類した。生存の蚊をインキュベートし、摂食後16日目までその生存を毎日評価した。幼虫の第3段階のD・イミティス(L3)数を得るために、蚊を解剖した。4回曝露した間に処置されたイヌを摂食した累計27匹の蚊のうち、すべてが72時間以内に死亡し、感染段階L3は発生不可能であった。コントロールのイヌを摂食して16日間のインキュベーション期間を生き延びた、血液摂食した60匹の蚊のうち、55匹(91.7%)が平均10.9のL3(範囲1〜39)であった。この組合せは、1ヵ月間ミクロフィラリア血症のイヌに曝露された蚊におけるL3の発生を抑制するのに非常に有効であった。組合せは、感染したイヌからのディロフィラリア症の拡大を防ぐのに有効であると証明された。該組合せは、処置したイヌに良好に認容された。
医薬品の臨床試験の実施基準に準拠して行われた単一施設での盲検の対照試験において、32頭のイヌを、前処置の蚊の数に基づいて8頭のイヌの2つのグループに無作為に割り当てた。グループ1では、処置を行わなかった。グループ2では、0日目に、最少用量の46.6mg/kg(BW)のペルメトリン、6.40mg/kg(BW)のジノテフラン及び0.57mg/kg(BW)のピリプロキシフェンの局所用組合せを投与して処置を行った。グループ3では、0日目及び30日目に、経口用量のミルベマイシンオキシム(0.5mg/kg(BW))を投与して処置を行った。グループ4では、0日目及び30日目に、経口用量のミルベマイシンオキシム(0.5mg/kg(BW))、並びに0日目に、最少用量の46.6mg/kg(BW)のペルメトリン、6.40mg/kg(BW)のジノテフラン及び0.57mg/kg(BW)のピリプロキシフェンの局所用組合せをイヌに投与した。各イヌを、鎮静状態下において、処置後−6日目、1日目、7日目、14日目、21日目及び28日目に、未摂食の20匹の生きた成虫雌アカイエカ(Culex pipiens)に曝露した。イヌの全身を蚊に曝露した。1日目から、膜を介してディロフィラリア・イミティス感染血液を摂食させることで、事前に蚊を感染させ、曝露する前に16日間インキュベートした。D・イミティス(JYD−34)種は、ミルベマイシンオキシムを含む大環状ラクトンに耐性があることが証明されている。課題を評価するために、蚊の群においてD・イミティス(L3)の数を評価した。1時間曝露した後、蚊を数え、摂食又は非摂食として分類した。成虫ワーム数を得るために処置から6ヵ月後の動物の剖検によって、D・イミティスの成長を評価した。製品の抗摂食性忌避効果は、99.0%〜100%の範囲であった。未処置のグループ1ではイヌ1頭当たり平均24.6匹のワームが存在し、大環状ラクトン単独の処置グループ3ではイヌ1頭当たり7.2匹のワームが存在した(有効性70.7%)。局所用組合せで処置されたグループ2のイヌのうちの1頭から、1匹のワームのみが検出された(有効性99.5%)。グループ4のイヌにはワームは見つからなかった(有効性100%)。製品はイヌに良好に認容され、局所用組合せはD・イミティスの耐性種に対するミルベマイシンオキシムの効果をその最高レベルで回復することが示された。ネオニコチノイド(ジノテフラン)とピレスロイド(ペルメトリン)との組合せは、ハートワームによるイヌの感染予防に大きく貢献することが実証された。
Claims (8)
- ディロフィラリア属種を含むフィラリア(filarioid)線虫に感染しており、かつ血流を循環するミクロフィラリアを有する少なくとも1頭のイヌに投与することによって、非感染イヌへのハートワームを含むディロフィラリア症(dirofilariosis)の拡大を抑制する方法に使用するための組成物であって、
前記組成物は、ジノテフラン、ペルメトリン及びピリプロキシフェンで構成される局所用組成物と、ミルベマイシンオキシムを含む経口用組成物とからなる組合せであり、
前記ジノテフランに対する前記ペルメトリンの重量比は、7〜8の範囲である、組成物。 - 前記少なくとも1頭のイヌは、ディロフィラリア属種を含むフィラリア線虫に感染したと診断されたイヌである、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記ジノテフランに対する前記ピリプロキシフェンの重量比は、0.05〜0.12の範囲である、請求項1又は2に記載の組成物。
- 前記ジノテフランに対する前記ピリプロキシフェンの重量比は、0.06〜0.1の範囲である、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 前記ジノテフランに対する前記ピリプロキシフェンの重量比は、0.07〜0.09の範囲である、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- フィラリア線虫に感染しており、かつ血流を循環するミクロフィラリアを有するイヌの、皮膚又は毛皮に前記局所用組成物が適用される、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- フィラリア線虫に感染しており、かつ血流を循環するミクロフィラリアを有する前記少なくとも1頭のイヌは、イヌの群のなかで生息している、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- ディロフィラリア症の拡大を抑制する方法の実施のためのキットであって、
前記キットは、複数のパッケージユニットを含み、
前記パッケージユニットは、
ジノテフラン、ペルメトリン及びピリプロキシフェンで構成される局所用組成物と、ミルベマイシンオキシムを含む経口用組成物とからなる組合せである組成物、及び
ディロフィラリア属種を含むフィラリア線虫に感染しており、かつ血流を循環するミクロフィラリアを有する少なくとも1頭のイヌに、前記局所用組成物と前記経口用組成物とを投与するための指示を示すリーフレット
を含み、
前記ジノテフランに対する前記ペルメトリンの重量比は、7〜8の範囲である、
キット。
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