JP6948800B2 - Building and how to build a building - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a building and a method for constructing the building.

Patent Document 1 below discloses a structure in which the audience seats are supported by a grid-like ground improvement body. A core material is embedded in the grid-like ground improvement body, and the upper end of the core material is joined to the inner part of the audience seats.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2015-229881

In the structure of Patent Document 1, an upward force (pulling force) acting on the inner portion of the audience seats during an earthquake is transmitted to the core material. In addition, the core material resists the pulling force, so that the inner portion of the spectator seat receives a downward force (tensile force) from the core material. Therefore, it is necessary to form the diagonal beam that supports the spectators' seats so that it can withstand the tensile force.

In view of the above facts, an object of the present invention is to provide a building in which diagonal beams are less likely to receive tensile force and a method for constructing the building.

The building according to claim 1 is supported by a plurality of support piles, a pillar erected on the upper part of the support pile, and is supported by the pillar and is inclined toward the stadium, and is projected toward the stadium side from the pillar. It has a diagonal beam having a protruding portion whose lower end is placed without being joined to a foundation beam and has a free end, and a stepped floor supported by the diagonal beam.

According to the building of claim 1, the protruding portion of the diagonal beam supporting the stepped floor is formed so as to protrude from the pillar toward the stadium. That is, the protruding portion of the diagonal beam is a free end, and does not receive tensile force from the support piles and columns when seismic force acts. Therefore, the structure can be made lighter than that of a diagonal beam that receives a tensile force from a support pile or a column.

Further, since the support pile is not installed below the protruding portion of the diagonal beam, the underground portion below the protruding portion can be used as a hangar, a backstage, or the like.

In the building of claim 2, the diagonal beam is formed of precast concrete, and the cross beam intersecting the diagonal beam is joined by using a connecting reinforcing bar.

According to the building of claim 2, the diagonal beam is formed of precast concrete. Therefore, the construction period for constructing the building can be shortened as compared with the case where the diagonal beam is formed of cast-in-place concrete. Further, a cross beam is joined to the diagonal beam. For this reason, it is possible to increase the bearing capacity of the stepped floor and secure a large number of spectator seats as compared with the case of using only diagonal beams.

In the building of claim 3, a through hole for inserting the connecting reinforcing bar is formed in the diagonal beam.

According to the building of claim 3, a through hole is formed in the diagonal beam, and the connecting reinforcing bar does not protrude from the diagonal beam after precast molding. Therefore, it is easy to transport the diagonal beam from the factory to the construction site.
In the building of claim 4, the cross beams are formed of precast concrete, and the connecting reinforcing bars are arranged over the cross beams arranged on both sides of the diagonal beams.

The method of constructing the building according to claim 5 is a step of erection of pillars on the upper portions of a plurality of support piles, and an oblique beam made of precast concrete is inclined toward the stadium side so that the pillars are closer to the stadium side than the pillars. A step of joining to the upper part of the column so as to form a protruding portion that is a free end by being placed on the lower end without being joined to the foundation beam, and a penetration provided on the side surface of the diagonal beam. It has a step of inserting a connecting reinforcing bar into the hole and joining the cross beam intersecting with the diagonal beam.

According to the method for constructing a building according to claim 5 , a protruding portion of an oblique beam is formed by projecting from a pillar toward the stadium. That is, the protruding portion of the diagonal beam is a free end, and does not receive tensile force from the support piles and columns when seismic force acts. Therefore, the structure can be made lighter than that of a diagonal beam that receives a tensile force from a support pile or a column.

In addition, the diagonal beam is made of precast concrete. Therefore, the construction period for constructing the building can be shortened as compared with the case where the diagonal beam is formed of cast-in-place concrete. Further, a cross beam is joined to the diagonal beam. For this reason, it is possible to increase the bearing capacity of the stepped floor mounted on the diagonal beam and secure a large number of spectator seats as compared with the case where only the diagonal beam is used.

Further, a through hole is formed in the diagonal beam, and the connecting reinforcing bar does not protrude from the diagonal beam after precast molding. Therefore, it is easy to transport diagonal beams from the support piles and columns to the construction site from the factory.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a building in which an oblique beam is less likely to receive a tensile force and a method for constructing the building.

It is a vertical sectional view which shows the building which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is an exploded perspective view which shows the joining method of the diagonal beam and the cross beam in the building which concerns on embodiment of this invention. FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view showing a modified example in which a connecting reinforcing bar for joining an oblique beam and a crossing beam is provided separately from the beam main bar of the crossing beam in the building according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view showing a modified example in which a connecting reinforcing bar for joining an oblique beam and an intersecting beam is projected from one side surface of the oblique beam and the end surface of one intersecting beam in the building according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view showing a modified example in which connecting reinforcing bars for joining an oblique beam and an intersecting beam are projected from both side surfaces of the oblique beam and end surfaces of both intersecting beams in the building according to the embodiment of the present invention.

(building)
As shown in FIG. 1, the building 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention is a stadium including a stadium 12 and spectator seats 14 arranged so as to surround the stadium 12. The "stadium" is a place mainly for performing sports, but the types of sports performed here are not particularly limited, and non-sports such as concerts and various events can also be performed.

The spectator seat 14 has a plurality of support piles 62 (support piles 62A, 62B, 62C) as an underground structure, footings 64 fixed to the pile heads of the support piles 62, and foundation beams 16 connecting the footings 64. I have. Further, the spectator seat 14 includes a pillar 18 erected above the support pile 62 and the footing 64 as a ground structure, and an upper seat 20 and a lower seat 30 supported by the pillar 18. The column base of the column 18 is fixed to the footing 64. Both the upper seat 20 and the lower seat 30 are mortar-shaped structures that incline downward toward the stadium 12 (the portion on the stadium 12 side is formed to be lower in height than the portion on the opposite side). .. Further, an aisle 40 is provided on the outside of the lower seat 30, and the upper seat 20 is provided above the aisle 40.

(Lower seat, diagonal beam)
The lower seat 30 is configured by installing a seat (not shown) on a step floor 34 supported by an oblique beam 32 made of precast concrete. The oblique beam 32 is configured to be inclined downward toward the stadium 12, the central portion thereof is joined to the upper end portion of the column 18A, and the outer end (opposite side to the stadium 12) is attached to the side surface of the column 18B. It is joined. The portion inside from the central portion (on the stadium 12 side) is a projecting portion 32A protruding from the pillar 18A, and the end portion of the projecting portion 32A (that is, the lower end portion of the diagonal beam 32) is attached to the foundation beam 16. It is placed. The step floor 34 is a stepped floor slab spanned between diagonal beams 32 adjacent to each other in the front-rear direction (front direction and back direction) of the paper surface in FIG. 1, and seats are installed on each step. ..

As a result, the oblique beam 32 is supported by the columns 18A and 18B, and is provided with a protruding portion 32A that protrudes from the columns 18A and has a free end.

FIG. 2 shows a joint portion 32J which is a central portion of the oblique beam 32 and is joined to the column 18A. The joint portion 32J has a cross-sectional shape substantially the same as that of the pillar 18A, has a lower end surface formed along a substantially horizontal plane, and is joined to the upper end surface of the pillar 18A. The joint portion 32J is joined to the column 18A using a reinforcing bar (not shown).

At the joint portion 32J, a precast concrete cross beam 38 along the direction CL2 is joined to the side surfaces 32JA and 32JB of the direction CL2 orthogonal to the extension direction CL1 of the diagonal beam 32. In order to join the cross beam 38 and the joint portion 32J, a through hole 72 penetrating along the direction CL2 is formed between the side surfaces 32JA and 32JB of the joint portion 32J. The through hole 72 is formed by a sheath tube.

Further, an insertion hole 74 is formed in the end surface of one of the intersecting beams 38 (intersection beam 38L) joined to the joint portion 32J. The insertion hole 74 is formed by a mechanical joint (sleeve), and a beam main bar (not shown) of a cross beam 38L is inserted into the mechanical joint.

Further, the connecting reinforcing bar 70 projects from the end surface of the other crossing beam 38 (crossing beam 38R) joined to the joint portion 32J. The connecting reinforcing bar 70 is a beam main bar of the cross beam 38R, and its diameter is smaller than the inner diameters of the through hole 72 and the insertion hole 74.

In order to join the diagonal beam 32 and the cross beam 38, a pillar 18A is erected on the support pile 62A and the footing 64 shown in FIG. Join to the upper part of the pillar 18A while inclining toward the stadium 12 side.

Next, the cross beam 38R shown in FIG. 2 is suspended by a crane or the like and moved along the direction CL2, and the connecting reinforcing bar 70 protruding from the end face of the cross beam 38R is inserted into the through hole 72.

Next, the cross beam 38L is suspended by a crane or the like, and the insertion hole 74 is inserted into the connecting reinforcing bar 70 protruding from the side surface 32JB of the diagonal beam 32.

Finally, grout is injected into the gap between the connecting reinforcing bar 70 and the through hole 72 and the insertion hole 74. As a result, the diagonal beam 32 and the cross beam 38 are joined.

(Upper seat, diagonal beam)
As shown in FIG. 1, the upper seat 20 is configured such that a seat (not shown) is installed on a step floor 24 supported by an oblique beam 22 like the lower seat 30. The diagonal beam 22 in the upper seat 20 is provided above the upper beam 44 of the aisle 40, and is configured to be inclined downward toward the stadium 12. Further, the oblique beam 22 is joined to the upper ends of each of the pillars 18B and 18C, and the protruding portion 22B that protrudes toward the stadium 12 side (that is, above the lower seat 30) from the pillar 18B and the outside of the pillar 18C. It is provided with a pop-out portion 22C that pops out to. The step floor 24 is a stepped floor slab bridged between diagonal beams 22 adjacent to each other in the front-rear direction (front direction and back direction) of the paper surface in FIG. 1, and seats are installed on each step. ..

The method of joining the diagonal beam 22, the column 18C, and the cross beam 28 orthogonal to the diagonal beam 22 is the same as that of the diagonal beam 32, the column 18A, and the cross beam 38 in the lower seat 30, and the description thereof will be omitted.

(Action / effect)
In the building 10 of the present embodiment, the upward force (pulling force T1) acting on the pillar 18 at the time of an earthquake is transmitted to the support pile 62 via the footing 64. When the support pile 62 resists the pulling force T1, the column 18 and the portion of the oblique beam 32 joined to the column 18 receive a downward force (tensile force T2).

At this time, the lower end portion of the oblique beam 32 (the tip end portion of the protruding portion 32A) is not joined to the column 18 and the support pile 62, so that it does not receive the tensile force T2. Therefore, the lower end portion of the oblique beam 32 can have a light structure by reducing the structural strength. Therefore, the amount of concrete used in the oblique beam 32 can be reduced and the manufacturing schedule can be shortened.

On the other hand, when the lower end of the diagonal beam 32 is joined to the footing 640 fixed to the pile head of the support pile 620 shown by the broken line in FIG. 1, the diagonal beam 32 receives a tensile force from the support pile 620. , It is necessary to increase the structural strength.

Further, in the building 10 of the present embodiment, the diagonal beam 32 is formed of precast concrete. Therefore, the construction period for constructing the building 10 can be shortened as compared with the case where the oblique beam 32 is formed of cast-in-place concrete. Further, a cross beam 38 is joined to the diagonal beam 32. Therefore, as compared with the case where only the diagonal beam 32 is used, the bearing capacity of the step floor 34 mounted on the diagonal beam 32 can be increased, and a large number of spectator seats can be secured.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a through hole 72 is formed in the joint portion 32J of the diagonal beam 32, and the connecting reinforcing bar 70 does not protrude from the diagonal beam 32 after precast molding. Therefore, it is easy to transport the oblique beam 32 from the factory to the construction site.

In the present embodiment, the connecting reinforcing bar 70 is such that the beam main bar of the crossing beam 38R is projected from the end face of the crossing beam 38R, and the connecting reinforcing bar 70 is inserted into the through hole 72 of the diagonal beam 32. However, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this.

For example, as shown in FIG. 3, an insertion hole 74 is formed in the end face of the cross beam 38R in addition to the end face of the cross beam 38L, and the insertion hole 74 and the through hole 72 of the diagonal beam 32 are prepared separately from the beam main bar. The connecting reinforcing bar 76 may be inserted. By doing so, it is easy to carry the cross beams 38L and 38R. The connecting reinforcing bar 76 may be arranged at the joint portion 32J at the time of molding the diagonal beam 32 and may be projected from the joint portion 32J.

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 4, the connecting reinforcing bar 78 is formed by forming an insertion hole 74 in one side surface 32JA without forming a through hole 72 in the joint portion 32J of the oblique beam 32 and projecting from the cross beam 38R. It may be inserted into the insertion hole 74. In this case, the connecting reinforcing bar 78 is projected from the other side surface 32JB of the joint portion 32J, and the connecting reinforcing bar 78 is inserted into the insertion hole 74 of the cross beam 38L.

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 5, the diagonal beam 32 and the cross beam 38 may not be formed with the insertion hole 74 or the through hole 72. In this case, the connecting reinforcing bars 80 projecting from the end faces of the side surfaces 32JA and 32JB of the diagonal beam 32 and the cross beam 38 are inserted into the mechanical joint 82 outside the diagonal beam 32 and the cross beam 38, and the side surface of the diagonal beam 32. The end faces of 32JA and the cross beam 38R are arranged with a gap. Similarly, the side surface 32JB of the oblique beam 32 and the end surface of the cross beam 38L are arranged with a gap. After that, cast-in-place concrete is cast in these gaps to join the diagonal beam 32 and the cross beams 38R and 38L.

Further, in the present embodiment, the end portion of the protruding portion 32A of the diagonal beam 32 (that is, the lower end portion of the diagonal beam 32) is placed on the foundation beam 16, but the embodiment of the present invention includes this. Not exclusively. For example, it may be joined to the foundation beam 16 or may be floated from the foundation beam 16. In any case, since the protruding portion 32A is not joined to the support pile, the end portion of the protruding portion 32A does not receive a tensile force (tensile force in the vertical direction). As described above, the present invention can be implemented in various aspects.

12 Stadium 18 (18A, 18B) Column 32 Diagonal beam 32A Projection part 34 Step floor 38 (38A, 38B) Cross beam 62 (62A, 62B) Support pile 70, 76, 78, 80 Reinforcing bar 72 through hole for connection

Claims (5)

With multiple support piles,
The pillars erected on the upper part of the support pile and
It is supported by the pillar and tilts toward the stadium, and has a protruding portion that protrudes toward the stadium from the pillar and is placed on the lower end without being joined to the foundation beam to be a free end . Diagonal beams and
The stepped floor supported by the diagonal beam and
Building with. The building according to claim 1, wherein the diagonal beam is formed of precast concrete, and the cross beam intersecting the diagonal beam is joined by using a connecting reinforcing bar. The building according to claim 2, wherein a through hole for inserting the connecting reinforcing bar is formed in the diagonal beam. The cross beams are formed of precast concrete and
The connecting reinforcing bars are arranged over the intersecting beams arranged on both sides of the diagonal beam .
The building according to claim 2 or 3. The process of erection of columns on top of multiple support piles,
An oblique beam made of precast concrete is inclined toward the stadium side, and is projected toward the stadium side from the pillar, and the lower end portion is placed without being joined to the foundation beam to be a free end. And the process of joining to the upper part of the pillar so as to form
A step of inserting a connecting reinforcing bar into a through hole provided on the side surface of the diagonal beam to join a cross beam that intersects the diagonal beam.
How to build a building with.

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