JP6927891B2 - 複合材を作製するための、安定した高ガラス転移温度のエポキシ樹脂系 - Google Patents
複合材を作製するための、安定した高ガラス転移温度のエポキシ樹脂系 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6927891B2 JP6927891B2 JP2017567759A JP2017567759A JP6927891B2 JP 6927891 B2 JP6927891 B2 JP 6927891B2 JP 2017567759 A JP2017567759 A JP 2017567759A JP 2017567759 A JP2017567759 A JP 2017567759A JP 6927891 B2 JP6927891 B2 JP 6927891B2
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- epoxy
- resin
- resin system
- component
- polyphenol
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- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 title claims description 29
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 title claims description 29
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims description 27
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 title claims description 23
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 79
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 79
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229920003986 novolac Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- -1 phenyl-substituted imidazoline compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000008442 polyphenolic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- BKCCAYLNRIRKDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1h-imidazole Chemical group N1CCN=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 BKCCAYLNRIRKDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- SSJXIUAHEKJCMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound NC1CCCCC1N SSJXIUAHEKJCMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- RNLHGQLZWXBQNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(aminomethyl)-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexan-1-amine Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N)CC(C)(CN)C1 RNLHGQLZWXBQNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001334 alicyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003733 fiber-reinforced composite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- OXIKYYJDTWKERT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-(aminomethyl)cyclohexyl]methanamine Chemical compound NCC1CCC(CN)CC1 OXIKYYJDTWKERT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- DZIHTWJGPDVSGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[(4-aminocyclohexyl)methyl]cyclohexan-1-amine Chemical compound C1CC(N)CCC1CC1CCC(N)CC1 DZIHTWJGPDVSGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- DYLIWHYUXAJDOJ-OWOJBTEDSA-N (e)-4-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)but-2-en-1-ol Chemical compound NC1=NC=NC2=C1N=CN2C\C=C\CO DYLIWHYUXAJDOJ-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- GEQHKFFSPGPGLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,3-diamine Chemical compound NC1CCCC(N)C1 GEQHKFFSPGPGLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 48
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 19
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- ZCUJYXPAKHMBAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenyl-1h-imidazole Chemical compound C1=CNC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=N1 ZCUJYXPAKHMBAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000011417 postcuring Methods 0.000 description 11
- GQWWGRUJOCIUKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3-(2-methyl-1-oxopyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3-yl)propyl]guanidine Chemical compound O=C1N(C)C(CCCN=C(N)N)=CN2C=CC=C21 GQWWGRUJOCIUKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 8
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000006082 mold release agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 description 6
- MCTWTZJPVLRJOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-1H-imidazole Chemical compound CN1C=CN=C1 MCTWTZJPVLRJOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- LXBGSDVWAMZHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1h-imidazole Chemical compound CC1=NC=CN1 LXBGSDVWAMZHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VWSLLSXLURJCDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-4,5-dihydro-1h-imidazole Chemical compound CC1=NCCN1 VWSLLSXLURJCDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 102100028735 Dachshund homolog 1 Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 101000915055 Homo sapiens Dachshund homolog 1 Proteins 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002118 epoxides Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 4
- MTNDZQHUAFNZQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazoline Chemical compound C1CN=CN1 MTNDZQHUAFNZQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 description 4
- AHDSRXYHVZECER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-tris[(dimethylamino)methyl]phenol Chemical compound CN(C)CC1=CC(CN(C)C)=C(O)C(CN(C)C)=C1 AHDSRXYHVZECER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTKDDPSHNLZGRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylcyclohexane-1,3-diamine Chemical compound CC1CCC(N)CC1N QTKDDPSHNLZGRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ULKLGIFJWFIQFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5K8XI641G3 Chemical compound CCC1=NC=C(C)N1 ULKLGIFJWFIQFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- KXHPPCXNWTUNSB-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzyl(trimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 KXHPPCXNWTUNSB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- NDKBVBUGCNGSJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzyltrimethylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 NDKBVBUGCNGSJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011231 conductive filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 3
- GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycidyl ether Chemical compound C1OC1COCC1CO1 GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XXBDWLFCJWSEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylbenzylamine Chemical compound CN(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 XXBDWLFCJWSEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- HZZUMXSLPJFMCB-UHFFFAOYSA-M ethyl(triphenyl)phosphanium;acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O.C=1C=CC=CC=1[P+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(CC)C1=CC=CC=C1 HZZUMXSLPJFMCB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- JHYNXXDQQHTCHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M ethyl(triphenyl)phosphanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].C=1C=CC=CC=1[P+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(CC)C1=CC=CC=C1 JHYNXXDQQHTCHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- NJXBVBPTDHBAID-UHFFFAOYSA-M ethyl(triphenyl)phosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C=1C=CC=CC=1[P+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(CC)C1=CC=CC=C1 NJXBVBPTDHBAID-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 125000002636 imidazolinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012745 toughening agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylamine Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)CCC YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KHBBRIBQJGWUOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylcyclohexane-1,3-diamine Chemical compound CC1C(N)CCCC1N KHBBRIBQJGWUOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 241000269800 Percidae Species 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000003351 stiffener Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- 238000001029 thermal curing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001721 transfer moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004017 vitrification Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000208199 Buxus sempervirens Species 0.000 description 1
- 0 C[C@]1(*C1)Oc1ccccc1 Chemical compound C[C@]1(*C1)Oc1ccccc1 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MQJKPEGWNLWLTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dapsone Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 MQJKPEGWNLWLTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epichlorohydrin Chemical compound ClCC1CO1 BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920006309 Invista Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JEWHCPOELGJVCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;calcium;oxido-[oxido(oxo)silyl]oxy-oxosilane;potassium;sodium;tridecahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Na].[Al].[K].[Ca].[O-][Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])=O JEWHCPOELGJVCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HPTYUNKZVDYXLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;trihydroxy(trihydroxysilyloxy)silane;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Al].[Al].O[Si](O)(O)O[Si](O)(O)O HPTYUNKZVDYXLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001923 cyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KEIQPMUPONZJJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyclohexylmethanediamine Chemical compound C1CCCCC1C(N)(N)C1CCCCC1 KEIQPMUPONZJJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052621 halloysite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002460 imidazoles Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000325 methylidene group Chemical group [H]C([H])=* 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012764 mineral filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004776 molecular orbital Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005615 natural polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GAGSAAHZRBTRGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxirane;oxolane Chemical compound C1CO1.C1CCOC1 GAGSAAHZRBTRGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000909 polytetrahydrofuran Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/68—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the catalysts used
- C08G59/686—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the catalysts used containing nitrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
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Description
本発明において、エポキシ成分は、1分子当たり平均2つ以上のエポキシド基を有する2つ以上のエポキシ樹脂を含有し、このような基は、例えば、一級または二級アミンとの反応によって硬化可能である。エポキシ成分は、最大約250g/当量のエポキシ当量を有するポリフェノールの1つ以上のポリグリシジルエーテルである1つのエポキシ樹脂を、少なくとも10重量%含有する。本発明の樹脂系において、エポキシ成分は、エポキシ成分の総重量を基準として、約10重量%を超える、好ましくは約20重量%を超える、より好ましくは約40重量%を超えるそのようなポリフェノール樹脂のポリグリシジルエーテルを含有する。
本発明の樹脂系の硬化剤成分は、エポキシ樹脂との反応のため少なくとも2つのアミン基を含有する脂環式化合物である。脂環式アミンの典型例は、イソホロンジアミン(CAS 2855−13−2)、2−及び4−メチルシクロヘキサン−1,3−ジアミン(CAS 13897−55−7)の配合物、シクロヘキサン−1,2−ジアミン(多くの場合、DACHと称される、CAS 694−83−7)のシス−及びトランス−異性体の配合物、4,4’−ジ−アミノジシクロヘキシルメタン(CAS 1761−71−3)、1,4−シクロヘキサンジメタンアミン(CAS 2549−93−1)、及びその他を含む。一つの好ましい実施形態では、本発明の硬化剤成分は、硬化剤成分の総重量を基準として、80重量%超の、及びより好ましい実施形態では90重量%超のDACHを含む。
本発明はまた、硬化剤だけに頼るのとは対照的に、別個の触媒の使用を提供し、硬化剤とエポキシ樹脂間の重合反応を促進する。好ましい実施形態では、触媒は、樹脂成分と混合する前に、硬化剤成分に最初に添加する。
硬化性反応混合物はまた、他の任意の成分、例えば、強化剤、内部離型剤(IMR)、顔料、抗酸化剤、防腐剤、短い強化用繊維(最大約6インチ(15.24cm)の長さ、好ましくは最大2インチ(5.08cm)の長さ、より好ましくは最大約1/2インチ(1.27cm)の長さ)、非繊維粒子充填剤、例えばミクロ及びナノ粒子、湿潤剤、抗UVエージング化合物などを含有してよい。導電充填剤もまた、所望により硬化剤混合物中に存在してよい。
硬化剤成分及びエポキシ成分は、エポキシ成分によって提供される1アミン水素当量あたり少なくとも0.80エポキシ当量が、2つの成分の反応混合物に提供されるような量で組み合わされる。好ましい量は1アミン水素当量あたり少なくとも0.90エポキシ当量であり、さらにより好ましい量は1アミン水素当量あたり少なくとも1.00エポキシ当量である。エポキシ成分は、大過剰量で、例えば反応混合物に提供される1アミン水素当量あたり最大10エポキシ当量を提供することができるが、1アミン水素当量あたり提供されるエポキシ当量は、好ましくは2.00以下、より好ましくは1.25以下、さらにより好ましくは1.10以下である。
後硬化熱処理により、複合材作製に使用される金型の外にある高分子の架橋が行われる。類似の硬化を金型外でも実施する利点は、生産性に関連しており、起こりうる室温でのエージングについては、ガラス転移温度が、離型直後の化合物で測定した初期Tgよりもかなり高い値へ上昇することが、利点として挙げられる。
サンプリング:引用された試験用の試験片は全て、RTM成形で入手した500×270×2mmの板を用いて行った。当該板は、繊維補強がないケース(表1のサンプル)及び繊維補強があるケース(表2のサンプル)のどちらも、試験に適した形状に、及び試験標準に従って、ウォータージェットカッターを用いて切断された。
サンプルは、直径約2mmで、重量10.0〜15.0mgの小さなディスクに切断された。硬化1:動的DSCを用いて、後硬化処理をしていないポリマーのエンタイトルメントTg(entitlement Tg)値を測定した。20℃/分の加熱勾配で、当該サンプルを、初期硬化のため25℃〜200℃に加熱し、20℃/分の勾配で25℃に冷却し、1分間25℃の等温にて維持した。25℃〜200℃の第2勾配を実施し、Tg値を得た。
全てのレオロジー測定は、迅速な温度制御が可能な、ペルチェ加熱システムを装備した、Anton PaarのMCR302レオメーターを用いて実施する。この機器は、各測定に先だって、試験温度に予熱される。測定中は、プレートをフードが覆い、周囲への熱損失を制限する。ゲル化時間(GT)及び離型時間(DMT)は以下の通りレオロジー実験によって決定される。
表2に記載されているサンプルの試験片を、標準試験に従ってドッグボーン形状に切断し、鉄製のクランプを装備したInstron(登録商標)引張試験機によって試験した。ドッグボーン形状(長さ)の主要寸法を、炭素繊維織物タイプ1のケースでは、一方向繊維配向と垂直になるように設定した。サンプル当たり5つの試験片で試験した。
表示ガードナー試験が、表1の切断されていないサンプルで、色の簡単な目視観測及び、ガードナー標準スケールとの比較によって実施された。
エポキシA:約180g/当量のエポキシ当量、及び1重量%未満のモノ加水分解された樹脂を有する、ビスフェノールAのジグリシジルエーテル。エポキシB:1分子当たりの−OH基の平均数が3.4、多分散指数が1.6である、エポキシノボラック樹脂。
DACH:1,2−ジアミノシクロヘキサン、INVISTA(商標)からDytek(登録商標)DCH−99として市販されているシス及びトランス異性体の混合物。
触媒1:1−メチルイミダゾール(CAS 616−47−7)
触媒2:2−メチルイミダゾール(CAS 693−98−1)
触媒3:2−メチル−2−イミダゾリン(CAS 534−26−9)
触媒4:2−フェニルイミダゾール(CAS 670−96−2)
触媒5:2−フェニル−2−イミダゾリン(CAS 936−49−2)
炭素繊維織物1:DowAksa A42 12k、一方向織物(6層、角度0°)
炭素繊維織物2:DowAksa A42 12k、擬似等方性織物(6層、角度配向及び配列[0/90/0/0/90/0]°)
表1に記載されている実施例(比較例及び発明例)は、他に言及がない限り、500×270×2mmの寸法を有する長方形板を作成可能な、自動調温鉄製金型を装備した120トンのプレスが動作する、KraussMaffeiの高圧2成分エポキシRTM装置を使用して調製した。エポキシ装置内の成分の温度は、エポキシ樹脂用に80℃、及び硬化剤成分用に50℃に設定され、触媒が存在する場合は、常に硬化剤と前もってブレンドした。金型温度は、140℃に設定され、液体反応混合物の注入は、金型が閉じられ、続いて0.02バールに排気した後、金型の上端部に位置する注入口から実施された。離型時間は、数回の試験を実施し、金型から取り出されたピースが、硬そうに見え、かつ、その重量や少しの応力により変形しないかどうかを毎回確認することにより決定した。
表1に示される結果としては、比較例1と比較例2を比較した場合、樹脂成分中に一定量のエポキシノボラック樹脂を含むことにより、20℃超のTg上昇が得られる。200℃にて30分間行われる後硬化プロトコルにより、硬化済み組成物のTgを、190℃に近接した比較的大きな値まで上昇させることができる(比較例2)。しかし、比較例2に示される系は、ピースの変形を含むことなく金型からピースを取り出すのに適した(反応完了としての目的の)重合度を達成するために、長い離型時間を必要とする。
(態様)
(態様1)
1)2つ以上のエポキシ樹脂を有するエポキシ成分であって、前記エポキシ樹脂のうちの少なくとも1つが、最大約250のエポキシ当量を有するポリフェノールのポリグリシジルエーテルであり、少なくとももう1つのエポキシ樹脂が、エポキシノボラック樹脂である、エポキシ成分と、
2)脂環式化合物を含む硬化剤成分と、
3)イミダゾールまたはイミダゾリン環構造を有する化合物のうちの少なくとも1つを含む触媒成分と、を含む、硬化性樹脂系。
(態様2)
ポリフェノールの前記ポリグリシジルエーテルが、ポリフェノールの前記ポリグリシジルエーテルの総重量を基準として3重量%以下のモノ加水分解樹脂含量を含み、前記脂環式化合物が、イソホロンジアミン、2−及び4−メチル−シクロヘキサン−1,3−ジアミンの配合物、シクロヘキサン−1,2−ジアミンのシス−及びトランス−異性体の配合物、4,4’−ジアミノジシクロヘキシルメタン、1,4−シクロヘキサンジメタンアミン、またはこれらの混合物のうちの1つである、態様1に記載の硬化性樹脂系。
(態様3)
前記エポキシ成分が、前記エポキシ成分の総重量を基準として、少なくとも10重量%のポリフェノールの前記ポリグリシジルエーテルを含む、態様1に記載の硬化性樹脂系。
(態様4)
前記エポキシノボラック樹脂が、約156〜300のエポキシ当量を有する、態様1に記載の硬化性樹脂系。
(態様5)
前記エポキシノボラック樹脂が、以下の化学構造を有し、
(態様6)
前記触媒が、1−メチル−イミダゾール、2−メチルイミダゾール、2−エチル−4−メチルイミダゾール、2−フェニルイミダゾール、2−メチル−2−イミダゾリン、2−フェニル−2−イミダゾリン;トリエチルアミン、トリプロピルアミン、N,N−ジメチル−1−フェニルメタンアミン、2,4,6−トリス(ジメチルアミノメチル)フェノール、及びトリブチルアミン;エチルトリフェニルホスホニウムクロリド、エチルトリフェニルホスホニウムブロミド、及びエチルトリフェニル−ホスホニウムアセテート、ベンジルトリメチルアンモニウムクロリド、及びベンジルトリメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド;種々のカルボン酸化合物、ならびにこれらの混合物のうちの1つである、態様1に記
載の硬化性樹脂系。
(態様7)
前記触媒が、2−フェニルイミダゾールまたは2−フェニル−2−イミダゾリンである、態様1に記載の硬化性樹脂系。
(態様8)
態様1〜7に記載の樹脂系から作製される、硬化繊維強化複合材。
(態様9)
180℃を超えるガラス転移温度を有する、態様9に記載の複合材。
Claims (8)
- 1)2つ以上のエポキシ樹脂を有するエポキシ成分であって、前記エポキシ樹脂のうちの少なくとも1つが、最大250のエポキシ当量を有するポリフェノールのポリグリシジルエーテルであり、少なくとももう1つのエポキシ樹脂が、エポキシノボラック樹脂である、エポキシ成分と、
2)エポキシ樹脂との反応のための少なくとも2つのアミン基を含む脂環式化合物を含む硬化剤成分と、
3)フェニル置換イミダゾリン化合物を含む触媒成分と、を含み、
ポリフェノールの前記ポリグリシジルエーテルは、前記エポキシノボラック樹脂と異なる、硬化性樹脂系。 - ポリフェノールの前記ポリグリシジルエーテルが、ポリフェノールの前記ポリグリシジルエーテルの総重量を基準として3重量%以下のモノ加水分解樹脂含量を含み、前記脂環式化合物が、イソホロンジアミン、2−及び4−メチル−シクロヘキサン−1,3−ジアミンの配合物、シクロヘキサン−1,2−ジアミンのシス−及びトランス−異性体の配合物、4,4’−ジアミノジシクロヘキシルメタン、1,4−シクロヘキサンジメタンアミン、またはこれらの混合物のうちの1つである、請求項1に記載の硬化性樹脂系。
- 前記エポキシ成分が、前記エポキシ成分の総重量を基準として、少なくとも10重量%のポリフェノールの前記ポリグリシジルエーテルを含む、請求項1に記載の硬化性樹脂系。
- 前記エポキシノボラック樹脂が、156〜300のエポキシ当量を有する、請求項1に記載の硬化性樹脂系。
- 前記触媒が、2−フェニル−2−イミダゾリンである、請求項1に記載の硬化性樹脂系。
- 請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の樹脂系から作製される、硬化繊維強化複合材。
- 180℃を超えるガラス転移温度を有する、請求項7に記載の複合材。
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-
2016
- 2016-06-29 EP EP16736981.8A patent/EP3320013B1/en active Active
- 2016-06-29 JP JP2017567759A patent/JP6927891B2/ja active Active
- 2016-06-29 US US15/738,290 patent/US20180179330A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2016-06-29 WO PCT/US2016/039968 patent/WO2017007650A1/en active Application Filing
- 2016-06-29 CN CN201680047179.3A patent/CN107922590B/zh active Active
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US20180179330A1 (en) | 2018-06-28 |
EP3320013B1 (en) | 2020-04-29 |
CN107922590A (zh) | 2018-04-17 |
CN107922590B (zh) | 2020-08-04 |
JP2018521179A (ja) | 2018-08-02 |
WO2017007650A1 (en) | 2017-01-12 |
EP3320013A1 (en) | 2018-05-16 |
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