JP6914826B2 - Noise reduction method using lubricating liquid crystal compound, friction clutch device and friction braking device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a noise reduction method using a lubricating liquid crystal compound, a friction clutch device and a friction brake device used in a hoisting machine or the like.

A hoist, a chain block, or other hoist is widely used to raise and lower the load, and the hoist can raise and lower the load manually or electrically. In such a hoisting machine, a friction braking device including a friction material such as a brake plate is used in order to transmit a driving force or to stop or maintain the stopped state from the driving state. As such a hoisting machine, for example, there is one shown in Patent Document 1.

Further, some hoisting machines are provided with a wet friction clutch device as shown in Patent Document 2, for example.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2008-230726 Japanese Patent No. 5011046

By the way, in the hoisting machine shown in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, abnormal noise called brake squeal or clutch squeal may occur. It is considered that such an abnormal noise is caused by the generation of minute vibrations between the brake plate and the friction member and the pressed member to which the brake plate and the friction member are pressed. However, the current hoisting machine requires a manufacturing cost for effectively preventing the above-mentioned abnormal noise, and it is difficult to reduce the cost.

Further, in a configuration including a friction braking device as disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example, a brake plate impregnated with lubricating oil may be used. However, if the friction portion of the brake plate or the like becomes hot due to the use of the hoist, for example, the lubricating oil may be denatured or evaporated, and the friction characteristics may not be stable.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a lubricating liquid crystal compound capable of preventing abnormal noise from being generated between the friction member and the pressed member and stabilizing the friction characteristics. It is an object of the present invention to provide a noise reduction method, a friction clutch device and a friction braking device used.

In order to solve the above problems, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a friction braking device, a pressed member that generates a frictional force for braking between the friction member and the friction member, is used. Provided is a friction braking device, characterized in that a rod-shaped liquid crystal compound is contained or intervened in a friction member or between a friction member and a pressed member in a liquid state exhibiting a smectic phase.

［式中、
基Ａ及び基Ｂは、同一又は異なって、フッ素原子、ヒドロキシル基又はシアノ基で置換されていてもよく分岐を有していてもよい炭素数２以上のアルキル基；フッ素原子、ヒドロキシル基又はシアノ基で置換されていてもよく分岐を有していてもよい炭素数２以上のエーテル；フッ素原子、ヒドロキシル基又はシアノ基で置換されていてもよく分岐を有していてもよい炭素数２以上のアルケニル基；フッ素原子、ヒドロキシル基又はシアノ基で置換されていてもよく分岐を有していてもよい炭素数２以上のアルキニル基であり：
基Ｗは置換されていてもよい２価のテトラリン基、置換されていてもよい２価の多環芳香族基、及び下記一般式（Ｉ）で表される基からなる群より選ばれる２価のメソ−ゲン基である：

（式中、環Ｄ、環Ｅ及び環Ｆはそれぞれ独立にベンゼン環、シクロヘキサン環、シクロヘキセン環、ピリジン環、ピリミジン環、ジオキサン環、テトラリン環又は多環芳香族環であり、
Ｙはそれぞれ独立に、水素原子、重水素原子、炭素原子数１〜８のアルキル基、炭素数１〜８のアルコキシ基、炭素数２〜８のアルケニル基、炭素数２〜８のアルケニルオキシ基、炭素数２〜８のアルキニル基、炭素数２〜８のアルキニルオキシ基、炭素数２〜８のアルコキシアルキル基、炭素数２〜８のアルカノイルオキシ基、炭素数２〜８のアルコキシカルボニル基、ハロゲン原子、又はシアノ基であり、
ｓ１〜ｓ３はそれぞれ独立に、１、ないし環Ｄ、環Ｅ又は環Ｆの置換基が結合し得る部位の数、までの整数であり、
ｓ１〜ｓ３が２以上の場合、同一の環に結合した複数のＹは同一であっても異なっていてもよく、
Ｚ１およびＺ２はそれぞれ独立に単結合、−ＣＯ−Ｏ−、−Ｏ−ＣＯ−、−ＣＨ_２Ｏ−、−ＯＣＨ_２−、−ＣＨ_２ＣＨ_２−、−ＣＨ＝ＣＨＣＨ_２Ｏ−、−ＣＨ＝ＣＨ−、−ＣＦ_２Ｏ−、−ＯＣＦ_２−、−Ｓ−、−ＳＯ−、−ＳＯ_２−又は−Ｃ≡Ｃ−であり、
ｒは０、１又は２であり、
ｒが２の場合、二つ存在するＺ１は同一であっても異なっていてもよく、二つ存在する
環Ｄは同一であっても異なっていてもよく、二つの環Ｄにそれぞれ結合するＹは、同一で
あっても異なっていてもよい。）］。 Another aspect of the present invention is that, in the above invention, the rod-shaped liquid crystal compound is preferably a lubricating composition containing a lubricating base oil and a liquid crystal compound represented by the following general formula (1):

[During the ceremony,
The group A and the group B are the same or different, and may be substituted with a fluorine atom, a hydroxyl group or a cyano group, or may have a branch. An alkyl group having 2 or more carbon atoms; a fluorine atom, a hydroxyl group or a cyano group. An ether having 2 or more carbon atoms which may be substituted with a group or may have a branch; an ether having 2 or more carbon atoms which may be substituted with a fluorine atom, a hydroxyl group or a cyano group and may have a branch. Alkyl group of: an alkynyl group having 2 or more carbon atoms which may be substituted with a fluorine atom, a hydroxyl group or a cyano group and may have a branch.
The group W is a divalent group selected from the group consisting of a divalent tetralin group which may be substituted, a divalent polycyclic aromatic group which may be substituted, and a group represented by the following general formula (I). Is a mesogen group of:

(In the formula, ring D, ring E and ring F are independently benzene ring, cyclohexane ring, cyclohexene ring, pyridine ring, pyrimidine ring, dioxane ring, tetralin ring or polycyclic aromatic ring, respectively.
Y is independently a hydrogen atom, a heavy hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and an alkenyloxy group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms. , An alkynyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkynyloxy group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxyalkyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkanoyloxy group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, It is a halogen atom or a cyano group,
s1 to s3 are each independently an integer up to 1 or the number of sites to which the substituents of ring D, ring E or ring F can be attached.
When s1 to s3 are 2 or more, a plurality of Ys bonded to the same ring may be the same or different.
Z1 and Z2 are independently single-bonded, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -CH ₂ O-, -OCH _2- , -CH ₂ CH _2- , -CH = CHCH ₂ O-, -CH = CH-, -CF ₂ O-, -OCF _2- , -S-, -SO-, _{-SO 2- or -C≡C-, and}
r is 0, 1 or 2,
When r is 2, the two existing Z1s may be the same or different, and the two existing rings D may be the same or different, and Y bonded to the two rings D respectively. May be the same or different. )].

Further, another aspect of the present invention is that in the above-mentioned invention, in the general formula (1), the group A and the group B may be the same or different and may be substituted with a fluorine atom, a hydroxyl group or a cyano group. It is preferably an alkyl group having 2 or more carbon atoms, or an ether having 2 or more carbon atoms having a branch which may be substituted with a fluorine atom, a hydroxyl group or a cyano group.

Further, as for another aspect of the present invention, in the above-mentioned invention, it is preferable that the friction member is a porous resin mold type friction material.

Further, as for another aspect of the present invention, in the above invention, it is preferable that at least a pair of friction members are provided, and the friction members sandwich the claw wheel constituting the ratchet mechanism.

Further, in order to solve the above problems, according to the third aspect of the present invention, it is a friction clutch device that transmits torque, and a frictional force for transmitting torque between the friction member and the friction member is applied. A friction clutch device comprising a pressed member to be generated, and having or intervening in a friction member or between the friction member and the pressed member in a liquid state in which a rod-shaped liquid crystal compound exhibits a smectic phase. Is provided.

［式中、
基Ａ及び基Ｂは、同一又は異なって、フッ素原子、ヒドロキシル基又はシアノ基で置換されていてもよく分岐を有していてもよい炭素数２以上のアルキル基；フッ素原子、ヒドロキシル基又はシアノ基で置換されていてもよく分岐を有していてもよい炭素数２以上のエーテル；フッ素原子、ヒドロキシル基又はシアノ基で置換されていてもよく分岐を有していてもよい炭素数２以上のアルケニル基；フッ素原子、ヒドロキシル基又はシアノ基で置換されていてもよく分岐を有していてもよい炭素数２以上のアルキニル基であり：
基Ｗは置換されていてもよい２価のテトラリン基、置換されていてもよい２価の多環芳香族基、及び下記一般式（Ｉ）で表される基からなる群より選ばれる２価のメソ−ゲン基である：

（式中、環Ｄ、環Ｅ及び環Ｆはそれぞれ独立にベンゼン環、シクロヘキサン環、シクロヘキセン環、ピリジン環、ピリミジン環、ジオキサン環、テトラリン環又は多環芳香族環であり、
Ｙはそれぞれ独立に、水素原子、重水素原子、炭素原子数１〜８のアルキル基、炭素数１〜８のアルコキシ基、炭素数２〜８のアルケニル基、炭素数２〜８のアルケニルオキシ基、炭素数２〜８のアルキニル基、炭素数２〜８のアルキニルオキシ基、炭素数２〜８のアルコキシアルキル基、炭素数２〜８のアルカノイルオキシ基、炭素数２〜８のアルコキシカルボニル基、ハロゲン原子、又はシアノ基であり、
ｓ１〜ｓ３はそれぞれ独立に、１、ないし環Ｄ、環Ｅ又は環Ｆの置換基が結合し得る部位の数、までの整数であり、
ｓ１〜ｓ３が２以上の場合、同一の環に結合した複数のＹは同一であっても異なっていてもよく、
Ｚ１およびＺ２はそれぞれ独立に単結合、−ＣＯ−Ｏ−、−Ｏ−ＣＯ−、−ＣＨ_２Ｏ−、−ＯＣＨ_２−、−ＣＨ_２ＣＨ_２−、−ＣＨ＝ＣＨＣＨ_２Ｏ−、−ＣＨ＝ＣＨ−、−ＣＦ_２Ｏ−、−ＯＣＦ_２−、−Ｓ−、−ＳＯ−、−ＳＯ_２−又は−Ｃ≡Ｃ−であり、
ｒは０、１又は２であり、
ｒが２の場合、二つ存在するＺ１は同一であっても異なっていてもよく、二つ存在する
環Ｄは同一であっても異なっていてもよく、二つの環Ｄにそれぞれ結合するＹは、同一で
あっても異なっていてもよい。）］。 Another aspect of the present invention is that, in the above invention, the rod-shaped liquid crystal compound is preferably a lubricating composition containing a lubricating base oil and a liquid crystal compound represented by the following general formula (1):

[During the ceremony,
The group A and the group B are the same or different, and may be substituted with a fluorine atom, a hydroxyl group or a cyano group, or may have a branch. An alkyl group having 2 or more carbon atoms; a fluorine atom, a hydroxyl group or a cyano group. An ether having 2 or more carbon atoms which may be substituted with a group or may have a branch; an ether having 2 or more carbon atoms which may be substituted with a fluorine atom, a hydroxyl group or a cyano group and may have a branch. Alkyl group of: an alkynyl group having 2 or more carbon atoms which may be substituted with a fluorine atom, a hydroxyl group or a cyano group and may have a branch.
The group W is a divalent group selected from the group consisting of a divalent tetralin group which may be substituted, a divalent polycyclic aromatic group which may be substituted, and a group represented by the following general formula (I). Is a mesogen group of:

(In the formula, ring D, ring E and ring F are independently benzene ring, cyclohexane ring, cyclohexene ring, pyridine ring, pyrimidine ring, dioxane ring, tetralin ring or polycyclic aromatic ring, respectively.
Y is independently a hydrogen atom, a heavy hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and an alkenyloxy group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms. , An alkynyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkynyloxy group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxyalkyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkanoyloxy group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, It is a halogen atom or a cyano group,
s1 to s3 are each independently an integer up to 1 or the number of sites to which the substituents of ring D, ring E or ring F can be attached.
When s1 to s3 are 2 or more, a plurality of Ys bonded to the same ring may be the same or different.
Z1 and Z2 are independently single-bonded, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -CH ₂ O-, -OCH _2- , -CH ₂ CH _2- , -CH = CHCH ₂ O-, -CH = CH-, -CF ₂ O-, -OCF _2- , -S-, -SO-, _{-SO 2- or -C≡C-, and}
r is 0, 1 or 2,
When r is 2, the two existing Z1s may be the same or different, and the two existing rings D may be the same or different, and Y bonded to the two rings D respectively. May be the same or different. )].

Further, another aspect of the present invention is that in the above-mentioned invention, in the general formula (1), the group A and the group B may be the same or different and may be substituted with a fluorine atom, a hydroxyl group or a cyano group. It is preferably an alkyl group having 2 or more carbon atoms, or an ether having 2 or more carbon atoms having a branch which may be substituted with a fluorine atom, a hydroxyl group or a cyano group.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a friction clutch device and a friction braking device that can prevent abnormal noise from being generated between the friction member and the pressed member and can stabilize the friction characteristics. ..

It is a figure which shows the state of the molecular arrangement of the smectic phase state of the liquid crystal grease molecule which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the assembly state (layer structure) of the smectic phase of the liquid crystal grease molecule shown in FIG. It is a front view which shows an example of the structure of the lever hoist which concerns on the 1st structure example of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the friction brake device in the lever hoist shown in FIG. In this embodiment, it is a figure which shows an image which reduces noise by forming a smectic phase of liquid crystal grease molecules. It is a top view which shows an example of the structure of the electric chain block which concerns on the 2nd structural example of this invention. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration of a friction clutch device in the electric chain block shown in FIG. 6, FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view of the friction clutch device, and FIG. 6B is an enlarged view of a part of FIG. 6A. .. It is a top view which shows various forms in which a friction material is attached to a clutch plate, and (a) is a figure which shows the structure which three pieces of the first friction material and three pieces of the second friction material are attached. b) is a diagram showing a configuration in which three first friction materials and one ring-shaped second friction material are attached, and (c) is a diagram showing a configuration in which 15 first friction materials and 15 first friction materials are attached. It is a figure which shows the structure in which 2 friction materials are attached. It is a top view which shows an example of the structure of the electric chain block which concerns on the 3rd structure example of this invention. It is a partially enlarged view which shows the structure of the friction brake device and the friction clutch device in the electric chain block shown in FIG. It is a graph which measured and frequency-analyzed the noise generated from the friction braking device which general lubricating oil was supplied to a friction plate which concerns on a comparative example. It is a graph which measured and frequency-analyzed the noise generated from the friction braking device which was impregnated with liquid crystal grease A in the friction plate which concerns on Example 1. FIG. It is a graph which measured and frequency-analyzed the noise generated from the friction braking device which was impregnated with the liquid crystal grease B in the friction plate which concerns on Example 2. FIG.

Hereinafter, a noise reduction method using a lubricating liquid crystal compound (liquid crystal grease) and a hoisting machine including at least one of a friction brake device and a friction clutch device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

(Regarding liquid crystal grease)
The hoisting machine according to the present embodiment uses liquid crystal grease as the friction member for at least one of the friction brake device and the friction clutch device. First, the liquid crystal grease will be described. The liquid crystal grease is a compound in a liquid crystal state that has lubricity and is fluid but highly viscous and grease-like. The liquid crystal grease corresponds to the lubricating liquid crystal compound and the rod-shaped liquid crystal compound, but the liquid crystal grease molecule may correspond to the lubricating liquid crystal compound or the rod-shaped liquid crystal compound. In the present embodiment, the liquid crystal grease is a rod-shaped compound having a predetermined chain structure and a rigid core structure and exhibiting a smectic phase in a predetermined temperature range, and is represented by the following general formula (1).

In the liquid crystal grease, the bases A and B are flexible tail portions, which function as lubricants. Further, the base W has a rigid core structure (liquid crystal forming element). In the molecular arrangement of a plurality of liquid crystal greases, an intermolecular force acts between the groups A and B of adjacent liquid crystal grease molecules. Therefore, the group W has a regular intermolecular arrangement structure in which the groups W are overlapped with each other, and the groups A and B are overlapped with each other in the portions of the groups A and B, and the liquid crystal phase of the liquid crystal grease forms the molecular arrangement of the smectic phase. ..

The state of the molecular arrangement of the smectic phase state of the liquid crystal grease molecule is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, the liquid crystal grease molecule 1 has the molecular arrangement of the smectic phase described above, and has a layer structure in which a plurality of layers 2 are overlapped. The liquid crystal grease molecules can easily move in the same layer together with the liquid crystal grease molecules constituting the same layer 2, but due to the action of the above-mentioned intermolecular force, the different layers 2 are layered. It is difficult to move in the direction of shearing 2.

Here, in the present embodiment, the above-mentioned group A and group B have the same structure as the lubricant (lubricating oil) used as the machine oil in various machines. Therefore, in the aggregated state (layer structure) of the smectic phase of the liquid crystal grease molecules of the present embodiment, most of the outer portion of the layer 2 (that is, the surface of each layer) is a portion having high lubricity. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, the layers can slide with each other.

Hereinafter, each group in the general formula (1) representing the liquid crystal grease will be described.

<About group W>
In the above general formula (1), the group W corresponds to a compound having a ring structure composed only of carbon and a compound having a ring structure composed of both carbon and other elements. In the above general formula (1), this group W is represented by a divalent tetralin group which may be substituted, a divalent polycyclic aromatic group which may be substituted, and the following general formula (I). It is a divalent mesogen group selected from the group consisting of groups.

基Ｗは剛直な構造であり液晶グリース分子１における液晶形成要素（コア部分）である。

The group W has a rigid structure and is a liquid crystal forming element (core portion) in the liquid crystal grease molecule 1.

The polycyclic aromatic group is an aromatic group having two or more aromatic rings. These two or more aromatic rings may be bonded in a single bond such as biphenyl, or may be bonded in a condensed ring state such as naphthalene. Further, the ring-constituting atom of the aromatic ring may be only a carbon atom or may contain a hetero atom.

Examples of such polycyclic aromatic groups include, for example, the following.

Examples of the substituent in the tetraline group and the polycyclic aromatic group include a deuterium atom, a fluorine atom, and an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

In the above general formula (I), the ring D, the ring E, and the ring F are independently a benzene ring, a cyclohexane ring, a cyclohexene ring, a pyridine ring, a pyrimidine ring, a dioxane ring, a tetralin ring, or a polycyclic aromatic ring, respectively. The polycyclic aromatic ring is the same as the polycyclic aromatic group described above as a candidate for the group W.

In the above general formula (I), Y is independently a hydrogen atom, a heavy hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and carbon. Alkenyloxy group with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, alkynyl group with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, alkynyloxy group with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, alkoxyalkyl group with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, alkanoyloxy group with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, carbon number Represents 2 to 8 alkoxycarbonyl groups, halogen atoms, or cyano groups. Examples of the halogen atom include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom and a bromine atom.

In the above general formula (I), s1 to s3 are independently integers up to 1 or the number of sites to which the substituents of ring D, ring E or ring F can be attached. For example, if the ring D is a benzene ring, s1 is an integer of 1 to 4, and if the ring D is a naphthalene ring, s1 is an integer of 1 to 6.

Here, when s1 to s3 are 2 or more, a plurality of Ys are bonded to each of the rings D to F, but the plurality of Ys bonded to the same ring are different even if they are the same. May be good. Of course, the Ys bonded to different rings may be the same or different.

In the above general formula (I), Z1 and Z2 are independently single-bonded, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -CH ₂ O-, -OCH _2- , -CH ₂ CH _2- , -CH, respectively. = CHCH ₂ O-, -CH = CH-, -CF ₂ O-, -OCF _2- , _{-S-, -SO-, -SO 2-} or -C≡C-, where r is 0, 1, or Represents 2.

Here, when r is 2, two rings D and two Z1s exist, but the two existing Z1s may be the same or different, and the two existing rings D are the same. It may be different. Further, the Y bonded to each of the two rings D may be the same or different.

Further, as Y, from the viewpoint of the temperature characteristics of the liquid crystal, a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, a halogen atom, a methyl group and an ethyl group are preferable, a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom and a halogen atom are more preferable, and the hydrogen atom and the hydrogen atom and the halogen atom are preferable. Halogen atoms are particularly preferred.

Further, as Z1 and Z2, single bond, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -CH2CH2-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, and -SO2- are preferable from the viewpoint of the temperature characteristics of the liquid crystal. Single bonds, -CO-O-, and -CH2O- are more preferred, and single bonds and -CO-O- are particularly preferred.

As the ring D, ring E and ring F, a benzene ring, a cyclohexane ring, a dioxane ring, a tetralin ring and a polycyclic aromatic ring are preferable. Further, r is preferably 0 or 1.

Specific examples of the divalent mesogen group represented by the general formula (I) described above include the following divalent organic residues.

<About group A and group B>

The groups A and B in the above general formula (1) form the tail portion of the liquid crystal grease molecule 1. The groups A and B are portions that function as lubricants as described above, and are portions on which an intermolecular force acts between the groups A and B of adjacent liquid crystal grease molecules 1.

The group A and the group B are the same or different. These groups A and B have a chain structure having two or more carbon atoms. Specifically, examples of the group A and the group B include an alkyl group having 2 or more carbon atoms (preferably 20 or less) and an ether, but they may be branched in a side chain shape. Further, the group A and the group B may be an alkenyl group or an alkynyl group having 2 or more carbon atoms. Further, these groups A and B may be substituted with a fluorine atom, a hydroxyl group or a cyano group. Among the above-mentioned chain structures having 2 or more carbon atoms, alkyl groups and ethers having 8 or more carbon atoms (preferably 20 or less carbon atoms), and alkenyl groups and alkynyl groups having 8 or more carbon atoms are adjacent to each other. It is more preferable because it is assumed that the liquid crystal grease molecule 1 is hard to come off due to evaporation or the like due to the action of the intermolecular force between the groups A and the group B of the liquid crystal grease molecule 1.

If there is a side chain portion branched from the linear structure of the alkyl group or ether, it is considered that the linear portions of the adjacent liquid crystal grease molecules 1 are separated from each other, and adjustments such as reducing the viscosity can be performed. .. However, a structure that does not have such a side chain portion may be adopted.

Such groups A and B can penetrate into the unevenness of the sliding member, which will be described later, and can follow the surface of the sliding member in which the unevenness exists.

Here, typical groups A and B are shown in the following general formulas (2), (3), and (4).

The ether bond portion in the general formula (3) may have a configuration that exists between any carbons other than those represented by the general formula (3). Further, even if the alkyl group of the side chain portion in the general formulas (3) and (4) is branched from the carbon of the linear portion other than the carbon represented by the general formulas (3) and (4). good.

As an example of the above alkyl group, when the group A and the group B have only a linear moiety, an octyl group, a nonyl group, a decyl group, an undecyl group, a dodecyl group, a tridecyl group, a tetradecyl group, or more. Examples include various alkyl groups having the same carbon. When the group A and the group B have a side chain portion, the linear moiety may be a butyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, or a peptyl group in addition to the above-mentioned alkyl groups.

Further, as an example of the above alkenyl group, when the group A and the group B have only a linear moiety, an octenyl group, a nonenyl group, a decenyl group, an undecenyl group, a dodecenyl group, a tridecenyl group, a tetradecenyl group, or more. Examples thereof include various alkenyl groups having carbons of. When the group A and the group B have a side chain portion, the linear moiety may be a butenyl group, a pentenyl group or a heptenyl group in addition to the above-mentioned alkenyl groups.

Further, as an example of the above-mentioned alkynyl group, when the group A and the group B have only a linear moiety, an octynyl group, a nonynyl group, a decynyl group, an undecynyl group, a dodecynyl group, a tridecynyl group, a tetradecynyl group, or more. Examples thereof include various alkenyl groups having carbons of. When the group A and the group B have a side chain portion, the linear moiety may be a butynyl group, a pentynyl group, or a heptynyl group in addition to the above-mentioned alkynyl groups.

As the liquid crystal grease molecule 1 described above, a plurality of different types of liquid crystal grease molecules 1 can be mixed and used. For example, by mixing those having different lengths of the group A and the group B, the intermolecular force between the liquid crystal grease molecules 1 can be adjusted, the temperature range exhibiting the smectic phase can be adjusted, and the consistency of the liquid crystal grease (the consistency of the liquid crystal grease). (Viscosity) can be adjusted. However, it may be a liquid crystal grease composed of only one type of liquid crystal grease molecule 1.

The liquid crystal grease molecule 1 as described above can be suitably used as a noise inhibitor and / or a lubricant for the friction brake device and the friction clutch device in the first configuration example to the third configuration example described later.

In this case, the liquid crystal grease molecule 1 constitutes a lubricating liquid crystal compound (liquid crystal grease), and a noise reduction method using the lubricating liquid crystal compound (liquid crystal grease) can be provided. That is, in the noise reduction method using a lubricating liquid crystal compound (liquid crystal grease), a liquid crystal state in which the rod-shaped liquid crystal compound (liquid crystal grease molecule 1) exhibits a smectic phase in the friction member or between the friction member and the pressed member. (See FIG. 5 to be described later), and the rod-shaped liquid crystal compound (liquid crystal grease molecule 1 and / or the continuum 3 of the liquid crystal grease molecule 1) absorbs the vibration energy of at least one of the friction member and the pressed member. , Characterized by. In this case, even if vibration is generated in at least one uneven portion of the friction member and the pressed member, the energy of the vibration is buffered by the rod-shaped liquid crystal compound (liquid crystal grease molecule 1 and / or continuum 3 of liquid crystal grease molecule 1).・ Absorbed. Therefore, it becomes difficult for the uneven portion to vibrate at a high frequency. Alternatively, the rod-shaped liquid crystal compound (liquid crystal grease molecule 1 and / or continuum 3 of the liquid crystal grease molecule 1) contained in the friction member has a function of a vibration damping material that absorbs and reduces vibration generated in the sliding portion. As a result, noise in a region exceeding 400 Hz, which has a particularly high frequency, is reduced.

In the liquid crystal grease molecule 1, in the general formula (1), the group A and the group B may be the same or different and may be substituted with a fluorine atom, a hydroxyl group or a cyano group, and have a branched carbon number of 2 or more. It is preferably an ether having 2 or more carbon atoms having a branch, which may be substituted with an alkyl group or a fluorine atom, a hydroxyl group or a cyano group. In this case, the liquid crystal grease molecule 1 has good lubricity. Further, in the case of having 2 or more carbon atoms and having a branch (side chain portion) as shown by the general formulas (3) and (4), the intermolecular force between the liquid crystal grease molecules 1 is weakened, so that the temperature range is −. It becomes a liquid crystal at 50 ° C. to 300 ° C., which makes it possible to use it more preferably as a lubricant.

Further, when the general lubricating grease (general grease) and the liquid crystal grease of the present embodiment are compared, there are the following differences. That is, general grease is a grease state obtained by mixing a lubricating oil and a thickener. When it is desired to impregnate the friction member with this general grease, it is conceivable to reduce the viscosity. However, when general grease is heated in order to reduce the viscosity, the oil is released or the lubricating oil component is denatured and evaporated, and the function as grease is deteriorated. Therefore, it is difficult to impregnate the friction member with general grease in the grease state.

On the other hand, the liquid crystal grease of the present embodiment is a compound that does not use the thickener used in general grease and can change from a liquid crystal state to a liquid. Therefore, by heating the liquid crystal grease, the viscosity can be lowered from the grease state, and at that time, the above-mentioned problems of oil separation and evaporation are unlikely to occur, and when the temperature is lowered, the original grease-like liquid crystal state can be restored. can. Therefore, the friction member can be impregnated (impregnated) in a low viscosity state after heating. Then, after impregnation, the temperature can be lowered to return to a highly viscous grease state. For this reason, the liquid crystal grease stably exists as a lubricant in a state where the sliding surface exhibits a smectic phase, so that the friction coefficient does not change suddenly and the so-called "squeal" itself generated on the sliding surface is reduced. can do. A thickener (thickener) may be added to adjust the temperature range in which the liquid crystal phase is exhibited. In this case, the thickener (thickener) is preferably a component (thickener for liquid crystal grease) that does not interfere with the impregnation of the friction material.

(About hoisting machine)
<First configuration example; lever hoist>
Next, the lever hoist 10 as a hoist to which the liquid crystal grease composed of the above-mentioned liquid crystal grease molecule 1 is applied will be described. In the following description, the X direction is the axial direction of the drive shaft 25, the X1 side is the side to which the cam member 55 is attached, and the X2 side is the side to which the casing 13 opposite to the casing 13 is attached. Further, the Z direction is the vertical direction (suspension direction; hoisting / lowering direction) of the lever hoist 10 in the suspended state, the Z1 side is the upper side in the suspended state, and the Z2 side is the lower side in the suspended state.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing an example of the configuration of the lever hoist 10. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the friction braking device 70 in the lever hoist 10 shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a longitudinal front view showing the friction braking device 70 in the lever hoist 10 shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 3, a load sheave 20 for hanging the chain C1 is rotatably supported between the pair of frames 11 and 12 included in the lever hoist 10. The road sheave 20 is integrally molded with a road gear 21 that meshes with the small diameter gear portion 32 of the reduction gear 30, which will be described later. Further, a drive shaft 25 is inserted through the insertion hole 20a penetrating the load sheave 20 in the axial direction (X direction). A male screw portion 26 that meshes with the female screw member 35 described later is provided on the outer peripheral side of the drive shaft 25 in the middle, and the other end side (X2 side) of the drive shaft 25 meshes with the large diameter gear portion 31 of the reduction gear 30. A pinion gear 27 is provided. Further, the reduction gear 30 is integrally provided with a small diameter gear portion 32 that meshes with the road gear 21 described above.

A casing 13 is attached to the frame 11 to protect drive parts such as the reduction gear 30 and the load gear 21 described above. Further, the male screw portion 26 described above meshes with the female screw portion 36 of the female screw member 35. In addition to the female screw portion 36, the female screw member 35 is also provided with a switching gear 37 that can mesh with the switching claw 40 on the lower side (Z2 side). The switching claw 40 has a small number (for example, two) claw-shaped portions (not shown) that intermittently mesh with the switching gear 37, and the operation described later with the claw-shaped portions 41 meshing with the switching gear 37. By rotating the lever 50, the driving force is transmitted to the female screw member 35.

Further, the switching operation handle 45 is attached in a state of being coaxial with the switching claw 40, and the transmission of the driving force to the female screw member 35 is set to the winding direction or the winding direction by the switching operation of the switching operation handle 45. It is possible to switch between. Further, a cam member 55 is attached to the drive shaft 25 in a state in which it cannot rotate with respect to the drive shaft 25, and further idles on one end side (X1 side) in the axial direction (X direction) with respect to the cam member 55. A member called 60 is also attached to the drive shaft 25 in a non-rotatable state.

Further, a friction braking device 70 is arranged between the road sheave 20 and the drive shaft 25. The friction brake device 70 has a brake receiver 71, brake plates 72a and 72b, a claw wheel 73, a claw member 74, a claw shaft 75, a bush 76 and the like as main components. Further, the friction braking device 70 of the present embodiment is a semi-wet friction braking device in which liquid crystal grease is used as a lubricating oil. The brake receiver 71 has a flange portion 71a and a hollow boss portion 71b. The flange portion 71a is a portion provided with a diameter larger than that of the hollow boss portion 71b, and can receive the brake plate 72a described later.

The hollow boss portion 71b is located on the female screw member 35 side (X1 side) of the flange portion 71a, and pivotally supports the claw wheel 73 via the claw shaft 75. The inner peripheral side of the hollow boss portion 71b meshes with the drive shaft 25 by key coupling, spline coupling, or the like, so that the drive shaft 25 and the brake receiver 71 rotate integrally.

Further, brake plates 72a and 72b are pivotally supported by the hollow boss portion 71b between the flange portion 71a and the claw wheel 73 and between the female screw member 35 and the claw wheel 73, respectively. The brake plates 72a and 72b correspond to friction members. Further, the brake receiver 71, the claw wheel 73, and the female screw member 35 correspond to the pressed member.

The brake plates 72a and 72b are made of, for example, a woven friction material, a resin mold friction material, a sintered material obtained by sintering a material containing metal, or the like. Of these, the woven friction material is formed by impregnating a metal wire or glass fiber with a resin-based binder, drying, heating, and pressurizing the material. Mold-based friction materials include skeleton materials such as potassium titanate and metal fibers, lubricating materials such as coke and graphite metal sulfide, grinding materials such as various metal oxides, minerals and metals, and rubber. It is made by baking a damping material such as a kind, a pH adjuster such as an alkaline substance such as slaked lime, and a filler of various powders with a resin such as a phenol resin.

Further, the sintered material is a kind of alloy obtained by sintering a metal such as a copper alloy or an aluminum alloy, a grinding material as described above, and a lubricant as described above at a high temperature. .. The brake plates 72a and 72b formed of the above-mentioned materials are porous or have a large number of fine irregularities on the surface.

Further, the ratchet teeth provided on the claw wheel 73 mesh with the tip of the claw member 74, and the meshing constitutes a ratchet mechanism that prevents the claw wheel 73 from rotating in the winding direction and allows rotation in the winding direction. Will be done.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, when a load acts on the drive shaft 25 in the winding direction, the female screw member 35 presses the brake plates 72a and 72b by the screw tightening action of the female screw member 35 and the brake receiver 71. do. As a result, a braking force acts on the brake receiver 71 with respect to the claw wheel 73 whose rotation in the winding direction is prevented, and the rotation of the drive shaft 25 in the winding direction is braked.

Further, when the female screw member 35 is rotated in the winding direction by operating the operation lever 50, the claw wheel 73 can rotate in the winding direction. Therefore, the female screw member 35, the brake plates 72a and 72b, the claw wheel 73, and the brake receiver 71 are integrated. Then, the drive shaft 25 is rotated to wind up the chain C1. On the other hand, when the female screw member 35 is rotated in the winding direction by operating the operation lever 50, the screw tightening action of the female screw member 35 and the brake receiver 71 is relaxed, and the braking force between the claw wheel 73 is reduced to that of the female screw member 35. Since it is released according to the amount of rotation, the brake receiver 71 and the drive shaft 25 rotate in the winding direction.

Further, the brake plate 72a on the other side (X2 side) in the axial direction (X direction) is located between the flange portion 71a and the claw wheel 73 described later, and is the flange portion when pressure-contacted from the female screw member 35 side. A large frictional force is applied between the 71a and the claw wheel 73, which will be described later, and the large frictional force causes the brake receiver 71 to rotate integrally with the claw wheel 73. Further, a brake plate 72b is also arranged between the claw wheel 73 and the female thread member 35, and a large frictional force is applied between the claw wheel 73 and the female thread member 35 by pressure welding from the female thread member 35 side. Due to the large frictional force, when the female screw member 35 is rotated by the operation of the operation lever 50, the female screw member 35 and the claw wheel 73 are integrally rotated.

Here, when the rotation in the winding direction is performed as described above, after the brake receiver 71 and the drive shaft 25 are rotated in the winding direction, the female screw member 35 and the brake receiver 71 are screwed together. It shifts from the relaxed state to the re-concluded state. At that time, the brake plates 72a and 72b come into contact with the brake receiver 71, the claw wheel 73, and the female screw member 35 again in a frictional state, but during the winding operation, a so-called brake squeal may be generated.

On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the liquid crystal grease molecules 1 are contained or intervened in the brake plates 72a and 72b to reduce the brake squeal. The details will be described below.

As described above, the brake plates 72a and 72b are porous or have a large number of fine irregularities on the surface thereof. On the other hand, the claw wheel 73, the brake receiver 71, and the female screw member 35 with which the brake plates 72a and 72b are in contact are made of metal. Therefore, by applying or impregnating the brake plates 72a and 72b with the liquid crystal grease, the liquid crystal grease molecules 1 either enter (internally exist) the porous holes of the brake plates 72a and 72b, or the brake plates 72a and 72b. It follows the fine irregularities on the surface of the surface and intervenes in the sliding surface. Further, the liquid crystal grease molecule 1 follows the fine irregularities existing on the surfaces of the claw wheel 73, the brake receiver 71, and the female screw member 35 and intervenes on the sliding surface.

By entering the pores of the liquid crystal grease molecule 1 and following the fine irregularities, the vibration of these minute portions is absorbed or alleviated. In addition, since the liquid crystal grease is stably present as a lubricant in a state where the sliding surface exhibits a smectic phase, there is little sudden change in the coefficient of friction, and the "squeal" itself generated on the sliding surface is reduced. Can be done. As a result, so-called brake squeal noise can be reduced.

Further, FIG. 5 shows an image of reducing noise, so-called brake squeal, by forming the liquid crystal grease molecule 1 in a smectic phase. As shown in FIG. 5, the liquid crystal grease molecule 1 follows the fine irregularities on the surfaces of the brake plates 72a and 72b, the fine irregularities on the surface of the flange portion 71a, and the fine irregularities on the surface of the claw wheel 73. The layer 2 of the liquid crystal grease molecule 1 forms a continuum 3 that follows the uneven portion. Then, even if vibration is generated in the uneven portion, the energy of the vibration is received by the liquid crystal grease molecule 1, and the liquid crystal grease molecule 1 is vibrated, deformed, moved, and the continuum 3 is deformed, vibrated, divided, and bent. It is absorbed by. Therefore, it becomes difficult for the uneven portion to vibrate at a high frequency. As a result, noise in a region exceeding 400 Hz, which has a particularly high frequency, is reduced. Further, the liquid crystal grease (liquid crystal grease molecule 1 and / or the continuum 3 of the liquid crystal grease molecule 1) impregnated in the porous brake plates 72a and 72b improves the vibration damping performance of the brake plates 72a and 72b itself to prevent vibration. The effect of damping and the effect of preventing the propagation of vibration are exhibited, and the brake squeal can be significantly reduced or eliminated.

When the liquid crystal grease molecules 1 form the continuum 3, the liquid crystal grease molecules 1 are hard to come off due to evaporation or the like due to the intermolecular force acting on the continuum 3. Therefore, the liquid crystal grease of the present embodiment also has a characteristic that it is difficult to evaporate, unlike a general lubricating oil.

The friction braking device 70 will be described again. As shown in FIG. 4, a bush 76 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the hollow boss portion 71b of the brake receiver 71, and a claw wheel 73 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the bush 76. On the outer circumference of the claw wheel 73, locking teeth 73a with which the tips of the above-mentioned claw members 74 mesh with each other are provided. Further, the coil portion 77a of the torsion spring 77 is attached to the above-mentioned claw shaft 75, and the torsion spring 77 applies an urging force in the direction in which the claw member 74 is pressed against the locking teeth 73a.

According to the above configuration, the brake receiver 71, the claw wheel 73, and the female screw member that generate a frictional force between the rotatable brake plates 72a and 72b (friction members) and the brake plates 72a and 72b (friction members). 35 (pressed member), and is provided in the brake plates 72a, 72b (friction member), or the brake plates 72a, 72b (friction member), the brake receiver 71, the claw wheel 73, and the female screw member 35 (pressed member). The liquid crystal grease molecule 1 (rod-shaped liquid crystal compound) and / or the continuum 3 of the liquid crystal grease molecule 1 (lubricating liquid crystal compound) are contained or intervened in the smectic phase.

Therefore, even if vibration is generated in the fine uneven portion of the brake plates 72a and 72b (friction member), the energy of the vibration is absorbed by the liquid crystal grease (liquid crystal grease molecule 1 and / or the continuum 3 of the liquid crystal grease molecule 1). Will be done. Therefore, it becomes difficult for the above-mentioned uneven portion to vibrate at a high frequency. Further, the liquid crystal grease molecule 1 (rod-shaped liquid crystal compound) and / or the continuum 3 (lubricating liquid crystal compound) of the liquid crystal grease molecule 1 described above are the surfaces of the brake receiver 71, the claw wheel 73 and the female screw member 35 (pressed member). Follows the fine irregularities that exist in. Even if vibration is generated by these fine irregularities on the surface, the energy of the vibration is absorbed by the liquid crystal grease (liquid crystal grease molecule 1 and / or the continuum 3 of the liquid crystal grease molecule 1). Therefore, it becomes difficult for these surface irregularities to vibrate at a high frequency, and noise in a region exceeding a high frequency of 400 Hz, which has a particularly high frequency, can be reduced. Further, the generated vibration propagates to other members via the brake plates 72a and 72b, which may cause the other members to vibrate and cause a resonance phenomenon. However, since the vibration is absorbed by the liquid crystal grease (liquid crystal grease molecule 1 and / or the continuum 3 of the liquid crystal grease molecule 1), it can be prevented from propagating to other members via the brake plates 72a and 72b, and noise can be prevented. It is possible to prevent the resonance phenomenon that causes the above.

Further, in the present embodiment, the liquid crystal grease molecules 1 (rod-shaped liquid crystal compound) form a continuum 3 (lubricating liquid crystal compound), and the liquid crystal grease molecules 1 evaporate due to the intermolecular force acting on the continuum 3. Makes it difficult to pull out. Therefore, unlike general lubricating oil, the liquid crystal grease of the present embodiment is less likely to evaporate, so that the lubricant (lubricating oil) is less likely to run out, and the life of the friction braking device 70 can be extended. It becomes.

Further, in the present embodiment, the brake plates 72a and 72b (friction members) can use a porous resin mold type friction material. In this case, the liquid crystal grease molecules 1 can be satisfactorily impregnated, and noise can be satisfactorily reduced. In addition, the lubricant (lubricating oil) is less likely to run out, and the life of the friction brake device 70 can be extended.

Further, in the present embodiment, at least a pair of brake plates 72a and 72b (friction members) are provided, and the brake plates 72a and 72b (friction members) sandwich the claw wheel 73 constituting the ratchet mechanism. In this case, the brake plates 72a and 72b (friction members) impregnated or coated with the liquid crystal grease molecule 1 come into contact with each other from both the front and back surfaces of the claw wheel 73, so that noise generated in the claw wheel 73 can be satisfactorily reduced. It becomes. Further, the lubricant (lubricating oil) is less likely to run out on both the front and back surfaces of the claw wheel 73, and the life of the friction brake device 70 can be extended.

<Second configuration example; electric chain block provided with a friction clutch device>
Next, the electric chain block 100 (corresponding to the hoisting machine) provided with the friction clutch device 130 to which the liquid crystal grease (lubricating liquid crystal compound) composed of the above-mentioned liquid crystal grease molecule 1 is applied will be described. In the following description, the X direction is the axial direction of the motor output shaft 125, the X1 side is the side on which the rotor 118 is attached, and the X2 side is the side on which the pinion gear 127 is provided. Further, when the electric chain block 100 is viewed in a plan view, the direction is orthogonal to the X direction, the Y1 side is the upper side in FIG. 6, and the Y2 side is the opposite lower side.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing an example of the configuration of the electric chain block 100. 7A and 7B are views showing the configuration of the friction clutch device 130 in the electric chain block 100 shown in FIG. 6, FIG. 7A is a cross-sectional view of the friction clutch device 130, and FIG. 7B is a part of FIG. 7A. It is an enlarged figure. FIG. 9 is a plan view showing various forms in which the friction material is attached to the clutch plate 133, and FIG. 9A shows a configuration in which three first friction materials 151 and three second friction materials 152 are attached. It is a figure which shows, (b) is the figure which shows the structure which three pieces of the first friction material 151, and one piece of a ring-shaped second friction material 152 are attached, and (c) is a figure which shows the structure of 15 pieces. It is a figure which shows the structure which 1 friction material 151 and 15 pieces of 2nd friction material 152 are attached.

As shown in FIG. 6, the electric chain block main body 110 of the electric chain block 100 is provided with a motor accommodating portion 115 for accommodating a motor 116 composed of a stator 117 and a rotor 118. Further, the load sheave 120 is supported in a rotatable state on the body 111 or the like of the electric chain block main body 110. The load gear 122 is attached to the boss portion 121 of the load sheave 120 so as to rotate integrally, and the load gear 122 meshes with the gear portion 131a of the friction clutch device 130 described later. Further, a motor output shaft 125 rotated by the operation of the motor 116 is inserted into the insertion hole 120a of the load sheave 120. On the other end side (X2 side) of the motor output shaft 125, a pinion gear 127 that meshes with the outer peripheral gear portion 133a of the clutch plate 133 is provided.

Further, the driving force from the motor output shaft 125 is transmitted to the load gear 122 via the friction clutch device 130 arranged in the reduction gear accommodating portion 112 of the electric chain block main body 110. The friction clutch device 130 is wet, and the entire friction clutch device 130 is pivotally supported by the rotating shaft 131. On one side (X1 side) of the rotating shaft 131, a gear portion 131a having a diameter larger than that of the other portion of the gear portion 131a is provided, and the gear portion 131a meshes with the load gear 122.

Further, a bush 132 is attached to the middle portion of the rotating shaft 131, and a clutch plate 133 is attached to the bush 132 in a rotatably state with respect to the rotating shaft 131 via the bush 132. An outer peripheral gear portion 133a is provided on the outer peripheral side of the clutch plate 133, and the outer peripheral gear portion 133a meshes with the pinion gear 127.

Further, a pair of clutch receivers 134a and 134b are attached to the rotating shaft 131. The pair of clutch receivers 134a and 134b correspond to the pressed members. The pair of clutch receivers 134a and 134b are arranged so as to sandwich the clutch plate 133, and are further attached so as to be non-rotatable with respect to the rotating shaft 131 (that is, to rotate integrally with the rotating shaft 131). ..

Further, on the outer peripheral portion of the rotating shaft 131, disc springs 135a and 135b are arranged in a state of pressing the pair of clutch receivers 134a and 134b toward the clutch plate 133. Of these, the disc spring 135a on one side (X1 side) in the axial direction (X direction) presses the clutch receiver 134a by the gear portion 131a, and the disc spring on the other side (X2 side) in the axial direction (X direction). The 135b presses the clutch receiver 134b by a spring retainer 136 arranged at a predetermined portion on the outer peripheral side of the rotating shaft 131. A disc spring pressure adjusting nut 137 is attached to the other end side (X2 side) of the rotating shaft 131 in the axial direction (X direction), and a pair of disc spring pressure adjusting nuts 137 are twisted depending on the degree of screwing. The pressing force of the disc springs 135a and 135b pressing the pair of clutch receivers 134a and 134b, respectively, can be adjusted. Further, the electric chain block main body 110 is also provided with an electrical component storage unit 113 for storing the electrical component 140.

Next, the details of the configuration of the clutch plate 133 will be described. As shown in FIGS. 7 (b) and 9 (a), the first friction material 151 and the second friction material 152 are attached to the front surface side and the back surface side of the clutch plate 133. The first friction material 151 and the second friction material 152 correspond to the friction member.

The first friction material 151 is, for example, a friction material having CFRP (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics) and other resin (epoxy resin or the like) as materials. The first friction material 151 is porous like the brake plates 72a and 72b of the first configuration example described above, or has a large number of fine irregularities on the surface thereof. Therefore, the liquid crystal grease molecule 1 enters the porous hole portion of the first friction material 151, or follows the fine irregularities on the surface of the first friction material 151 and intervenes in the sliding surface. In the configuration shown in FIG. 8A, three first friction materials 151 are attached to the clutch plate 133 at equal intervals (120 degree intervals).

The second friction material 152 is, for example, a paper-based friction material, for example, a paper-based composite material obtained by mixing and abstracting organic fibers such as pulp and aramid, a friction adjusting material such as ceramics, and powder of a lubricating material such as graphite. The base paper) is impregnated with a heat-curable resin and cured. The second friction material 152 is also porous like the brake plates 72a and 72b of the first configuration example described above, or has a large number of fine irregularities on its surface. Therefore, the liquid crystal grease molecules 1 either enter (internally exist) in the porous pore portion of the second friction material 152, or follow the fine irregularities on the surface of the second friction material 152 and intervene in the sliding surface. In the configuration shown in FIG. 8A, three second friction materials 152 are attached to the clutch plate 133 at equal intervals (120 degree intervals).

Here, when the load with the rated load is hung on the hook and the load is lowered to make an emergency stop, the pair of clutch receivers 134a and 134b slide (slightly slip) with respect to the clutch plate 133. It may mitigate the impact of an emergency stop, which can cause noise called clutch squeal. Further, even if a load exceeding the rated load is accidentally wound up, the pair of clutch receivers 134a and 134b will be in a state of sliding (slip) with respect to the clutch plate 133. In this case as well, noise called clutch squeal may be generated.

On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the liquid crystal grease molecules 1 are interposed in the first friction material 151 and the second friction material 152 internally or on the sliding surface. That is, as described above, the first friction material 151 and the second friction material 152 are porous or have a large number of fine irregularities on the surface thereof. Further, the pair of clutch receivers 134a and 134b that the first friction material 151 and the second friction material 152 come into contact with also have a large number of fine irregularities on their surfaces. Liquid crystal grease is embedded in the first friction material 151 and the second friction material 152, liquid liquid grease is applied to the sliding surface, or the first friction material 151 and the second friction material 152 are immersed in the liquid crystal grease (oil bath). When the liquid crystal grease is appropriately supplied to the sliding surface, for example, the liquid crystal grease molecules 1 enter (internally exist) in the porous pore portions of the first friction material 151 and the second friction material 152, or become the first. It follows the fine irregularities on the surfaces of the 1st friction material 151 and the 2nd friction material 152 and intervenes in the sliding surface. Further, the liquid crystal grease molecules 1 follow the fine irregularities existing on the surfaces of at least a pair of clutch receivers 134a and 134b in a state of exhibiting a smectic phase, and stably intervene in the sliding surface.

By entering the pores of the liquid crystal grease molecule 1 and following the fine irregularities, the vibration of these minute portions is alleviated. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the so-called clutch squeal. Although it has two types of friction materials, a first friction material 151 and a second friction material 152, one of them may be used as the friction material.

In the electric chain block 100 according to the second configuration example, as shown in FIG. 5, the liquid crystal grease molecule 1 has fine irregularities on the surfaces of the first friction material 151 and the second friction material 152, and a pair of clutch receivers. The layer 2 of the liquid crystal grease molecule 1 forms a continuum 3 that follows the uneven portion of the liquid crystal grease molecules 1 so as to follow the fine irregularities on the surfaces of 134a and 134b and intervene in the sliding surface. Then, even if vibration is generated in the uneven portion, the energy of the vibration is received by the liquid crystal grease molecule 1, and the liquid crystal grease molecule 1 is vibrated, deformed, moved, and the continuum 3 is deformed, vibrated, divided, and bent. Especially absorbed. Therefore, it becomes difficult for the uneven portion to vibrate at a high frequency. As a result, noise in a region exceeding 400 Hz, which is a particularly high frequency, is reduced. In addition, since the liquid crystal grease is stably present as a lubricant in a state where the sliding surface exhibits a smectic phase, there is little sudden change in the coefficient of friction, and the "squeal" itself generated on the sliding surface can be reduced. can. Further, the liquid crystal grease impregnated in the porous friction material (first friction material 151, second friction material 152) improves the vibration damping performance of the friction material (first friction material 151, second friction material 152) itself. .. Therefore, the effect of damping the vibration and the effect of preventing the propagation of the vibration (the effect as a vibration damping material) are exhibited, and the clutch squeal can be significantly reduced or eliminated. The liquid crystal grease contained therein, which is impregnated with the porous friction material (first friction material 151, second friction material 152), not only acts as a vibration damping material inside but also supplies it to the sliding surface. This results in a reduction in so-called brake squeal and a longer life of the friction material.

According to the electric chain block 100 according to the second configuration example as described above, the first friction material 151 and the second friction material 152 (friction member) attached to the rotatable clutch plate 133, and the first friction material 151. A pair of clutch receivers 134a and 134b (pressed members) that generate a frictional force with the second friction member 152 (friction member) are provided, and the first friction member 151 and the second friction member 152 (friction member) are provided. ), Or between the first friction material 151 and the second friction material 152 (friction member) and the pair of clutch receivers 134a, 134b (pressed member), liquid crystal grease molecule 1 (rod-shaped liquid crystal compound) and / or liquid crystal. The continuum 3 of the grease molecule 1 is inherent or intervening in the state of the continuum 3 in the liquid crystal state exhibiting the smectic phase.

Therefore, even if vibration is generated in the fine uneven portions of the first friction material 151 and the second friction material 152 (friction member), the energy of the vibration is received by the liquid crystal grease molecule 1, and the vibration of the liquid crystal grease molecule 1 It is absorbed by deforming, moving, and further deforming, vibrating, dividing, and bending the continuum 3. Therefore, it becomes difficult for the above-mentioned uneven portion to vibrate at a high frequency. Further, the continuum 3 of the liquid crystal grease molecules 1 (rod-shaped liquid crystal compound) described above follows the fine irregularities existing on the surfaces of the pair of clutch receivers 134a and 134b (pressed members). Even so, even if vibration is generated due to the fine irregularities on the surface, the energy of the vibration is absorbed by bending the continuum 3. Therefore, it becomes difficult for these surface irregularities to vibrate at a high frequency, and noise in a region exceeding a high frequency of 400 Hz, which has a particularly high frequency, can be reduced.

Further, in the present embodiment, the liquid crystal grease molecules 1 (rod-shaped liquid crystal compound) form a continuum 3 (lubricating liquid crystal compound), and the liquid crystal grease molecules 1 evaporate due to the intermolecular force acting on the continuum 3. Makes it difficult to pull out. Therefore, unlike general lubricating oil, the liquid crystal grease of the present embodiment is less likely to evaporate, so that the lubricant (lubricating oil) is less likely to run out, and the life of the friction clutch device 130 can be extended. It becomes. Further, the characteristics required for the lubricant impregnated in the friction material (first friction material 151, second friction material 152) and the characteristics required for the lubricant for gears (lubricating oil) are different. However, even if the conventional base oil impregnates the friction material with the same kind of lubricating oil, in the oil bath type, the lubricating oil impregnated from the friction material is dissolved by the lubricant for gears. On the other hand, liquid crystal grease has a long and hard conjugated system containing 2 to 3 benzene rings in the center of the molecule, whereas the molecular structure of a mineral oil-based lubricant for gears is a chain of hydrocarbons. Since it is difficult for a compound having the molecular structure of such a mineral oil-based lubricant for gears to dissolve a compound having a hard structure containing a large amount of benzene rings as described above, it dissolves in the lubricating oil for gears. It is difficult and the liquid crystal grease is held in the friction material (first friction material 151, second friction material 152) for a long period of time. In addition, in order to further increase the viscosity of the liquid crystal grease, a thickener (thickener) for the liquid crystal grease may be added. Further, liquid crystal grease may be used instead of the lubricating oil for gears, and the friction member may be dipped in the liquid crystal grease for gear lubrication.

<Third configuration example; electric chain block including friction clutch device and friction brake device>
Next, the electric chain block 200 including the friction brake device 250 and the friction clutch device 260 to which the liquid crystal grease composed of the liquid crystal grease molecule 1 described above is applied will be described. In the following description, the X direction is the axial direction of the rotating shaft 240, the X1 side is the side on which the load sheave 220 is attached, and the X2 side is the side on which the adjusting nut 280 is arranged. Further, when the electric chain block 200 is viewed in a plan view, the direction is orthogonal to the X direction, the Y1 side is the upper side in FIG. 9, and the Y2 side is the opposite lower side.

FIG. 9 is a plan view showing an example of the configuration of the electric chain block 200. FIG. 10 is a partially enlarged view showing the configurations of the friction brake device 250 and the friction clutch device 260 in the electric chain block 200 shown in FIG.

The electric chain block 200 according to the third configuration example also includes an electric chain block main body 210 like the electric chain block 100 according to the second configuration example described above, and the electric chain block main body 210 is provided with a motor 216. ing. Further, the pinion gear 227 provided on the motor output shaft 225 meshes with the intermediate large diameter gear 231 coaxial with the intermediate small diameter gear 232. The intermediate small diameter gear 232 meshes with the driven gear 241 (corresponding to the pressed member). The driven gear 241 is attached to the outer peripheral side of the cam holding member 242 in a state in which they cannot rotate with each other, and the cam holding member 242 is attached to the rotating shaft 240 via a bearing 243. Therefore, the driven gear 241 and the cam holding member 242 are rotatably provided with respect to the rotating shaft 240. A load sheave 220 is integrally provided on the rotating shaft 240.

Further, with respect to the driven gear 241 and the cam holding member 242, the brake receiver 251 constituting the friction braking device 250 rotates integrally with the rotating shaft 240 on one side (X1 side) in the axial direction (X direction). It is provided as follows. A friction plate 252a, a claw wheel 253, and a friction plate 252b are arranged in this order on the other side (X2 side) of the brake receiver 251 in the axial direction (X direction). That is, the claw wheel 253 is sandwiched between the pair of friction plates 252a and 252b, the friction plate 252a is pressed against the brake receiver 251 and the friction plate 252b is further pressed against the driven gear 241. The friction plates 252a, 252b, and 262 are made of paper-based friction members and are attached to both sides of the driven gear 241 and one side of the claw wheel 253, but the attachment portion is not limited to this.

The claw wheel 253 is rotatably attached to the brake receiver 251 via a tubular bearing 254. Further, a thrust bearing 244 is arranged between the brake receiver 251 and the cam holding member 242. Further, the brake receiver 251 and the claw wheel 253 correspond to the pressed member.

Further, the holding plate 261 constituting the friction clutch device 260 rotates integrally with the rotating shaft 240 on the other side (X2 side) of the driven gear 241 and the cam holding member 242 in the axial direction (X direction). It is provided as follows. A friction plate 262 is arranged between the pressing plate 261 and the driven gear 241 to generate a predetermined frictional force between them. Both the friction brake device 250 and the friction clutch device 260 are wet. Further, the pressing plate 261 corresponds to the pressed member.

The friction plates 252a, 252b, and 262 correspond to friction members. Further, the friction plates 252a, 252b, 262 are porous or porous like the above-mentioned 72a, 72b of the first configuration example, the first friction material 151 and the second friction material 152 of the second configuration example. There are many fine irregularities on the surface. After the friction plates 252a, 252b, and 262 are attached to the driven gears 241 and the claw wheel 253 at predetermined positions, they are heated to a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of the liquid crystal grease and impregnated with the liquefied liquid crystal grease. When impregnating, it is also effective to dissolve the liquid crystal grease in an organic solvent such as tetrahydrofuran and impregnate it. In the present embodiment, these members were placed in a constant temperature bath at 200 ° C. for 30 minutes and impregnated.

Further, a pressing ring 263 is arranged on the other side (X2 side) of the pressing plate 261 in the axial direction (X direction), and a pressing ring composed of a plurality of disc springs is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the pressing ring 263. The spring member 264 is fitted. The pressing spring member 264 applies an urging force that presses the pressing plate 261 to one side (X1 side) in the axial direction (X direction).

Further, the cam holding member 242 is intermittently provided with a plurality of arc-shaped cam grooves 245 concentrically with the rotating shaft 240 on the surface side facing the pressing plate 261. A cam member 265 such as a steel ball is arranged in the cam groove 245, and the cam member 265 projects toward the holding plate 261. Further, the pressing plate 261 is provided with an annular groove 266 into which the cam member 265 protruding from the cam groove 245 enters. With such a configuration, the friction brake device 250 and the friction clutch device 260 are configured. That is, at the time of the winding operation, the cam member 265 presses the pressing plate 261 against the urging force of the pressing spring member 264 by the cam groove 245, and the surface pressure acting on each friction member (friction plate 252a, 252b, 262). By reducing the braking force of the friction braking device 250 and weakening the braking force, it is possible to rotate in the winding direction.

Further, as shown in FIG. 10, an oil seal 271a is arranged between the other side (X2 side) of the load sheave 220 and the frame 211 of the electric chain block main body 210. Further, a spacer 272 is arranged on the other end side (X2 side) of the rotating shaft 240 in the axial direction (X direction), and an oil seal 271b is also arranged between the spacer 272 and the frame 211. .. Lubricating oil for the reduction gear is sealed in a predetermined portion between the pair of oil seals 271a and 271b. Further, an adjusting nut 280 for tightening the pressing spring member 264 is screwed into the male threaded portion on the other end side (X2 side) of the rotating shaft 240.

Even in the electric chain block 200 having the above configuration, when the load is unwound while being hung on a hook (not shown), the friction plate 252a is attached to the brake receiver 251 and the claw wheel 253. Always slide. Further, the friction plate 252b always slides with respect to the claw wheel 253 and the driven gear 241. Further, the friction plate 262 also slightly slides with respect to the driven gear 241 and the pressing plate 261. Then, noise is likely to be generated during these slidings.

On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the friction plates 252a, 252b, and 262 are impregnated with the liquid crystal grease molecule 1. That is, as described above, the friction plates 252a, 252b, and 262 are porous or have a large number of fine irregularities on the surface thereof. Further, the brake receiver 251 and the claw wheel 253 with which the friction plate 252a abuts, the claw wheel 253 and the driven gear 241 with which the friction plate 252b abuts, and the driven gear 241 and the holding plate 261 with which the friction plate 262 abuts are also fine on the surface. There are many irregularities or it is porous.

Therefore, the liquid crystal grease molecule 1 enters the porous hole portion of the friction plates 252a, 252b, 262, or follows the fine irregularities on the surface of the friction plates 252a, 252b, 262 and intervenes in the sliding surface. Further, the liquid crystal grease molecule 1 follows at least the fine irregularities existing on the surfaces of the driven gear 241 and the brake receiver 251 and the pressing plate 261.

By entering the pores of the liquid crystal grease molecule 1 and following the fine irregularities, the vibration of these minute portions is alleviated. Therefore, it is possible to reduce so-called brake squeal and clutch squeal.

In the electric chain block 200 according to the third configuration example, as shown in FIG. 5, the liquid crystal grease molecule 1 has fine irregularities on the surfaces of the friction plates 252a, 252b, 262, the driven gear 241 and the brake receiver 251. Following the fine irregularities on the surface of the pressing plate 261, the layer 2 of the liquid crystal grease molecule 1 forms a continuum 3 following the irregularities. Then, even if vibration is generated in the uneven portion, the energy of the vibration is absorbed by bending the continuum 3. Therefore, it becomes difficult for the uneven portion to vibrate at a high frequency. As a result, noise in a region exceeding 400 Hz, which has a particularly high frequency, is reduced. In addition, since the liquid crystal grease is stably present as a lubricant in a state where the sliding surface exhibits a smectic phase, there is little sudden change in the coefficient of friction, and the "squeal" itself generated on the sliding surface is reduced. Can be done.

The electric chain block 200 according to the third configuration example as described above includes friction plates 252a and 252b as friction members in the friction braking device 250, and a claw wheel 253 and a brake receiver 251 as pressed members in the friction braking device 250. It has.

Further, the friction clutch device 260 includes friction plates 252b and 262 as friction members, and the friction clutch device 260 includes a driven gear 241 and a pressing plate 261 as pressed members.

Therefore, similarly to the lever hoist 10 according to the first configuration example and the electric chain block 100 according to the second configuration example described above, in the friction brake device 250 and the friction clutch device 260, a region having a particularly high frequency exceeding 400 Hz is high. Noise can be reduced. In addition, since the liquid crystal grease is stably present as a lubricant in a state where the sliding surface exhibits a smectic phase, there is little sudden change in the coefficient of friction, and the "squeal" itself generated on the sliding surface is reduced. Can be done. Further, unlike general lubricating oil, the liquid crystal grease of the present embodiment is less likely to evaporate. Therefore, the lubricant (lubricating oil) is less likely to run out, and the life of the friction brake device 250 and the friction clutch device 260 can be extended.

(About experimental results)
Hereinafter, in the present embodiment, an experiment (Comparative Example, Example 1, Example 2) was conducted to see if the noise was reduced. The experimental results will be described below. In this experiment, the electric chain block 200 as shown in the third configuration example was used.

<Experimental results related to comparative examples>
In the electric chain block 200 used in the experiment according to the comparative example, mineral oil-based general lubricating oil (ATF oil) is supplied to the internal space where the friction plates 252a and 252b of the friction braking device 250 described above exist (oil). Lubrication in bath form).

The electric chain block 200 is unwound in a no-load state (0 W), unwound in a state where half of the rated load is applied (0.5 W), and in a state where a rated load is applied (1.0 W). ), Noise measurement was performed. In each of the windings, the noise was measured three times at a low speed of 2.5 m / min, and the average value was calculated. The measurement result is shown in FIG. FIG. 11 is a graph obtained by measuring and frequency-analyzing the noise generated from the friction braking device 250 in which the general lubricating oil is supplied to the friction plates 252a and 252b according to the comparative example. In FIG. 11, the vertical axis represents sound pressure and the horizontal axis represents frequency. Further, in the graph of FIG. 11, the average value of the total noise value (average of all pass values) is shown on the far right side. In FIG. 11, the no-load state is indicated by the alternate long and short dash line, the state in which half of the rated load is applied is indicated by the alternate long and short dash line, and the state in which the rated load is applied is indicated by the solid line.

In FIG. 11, the total noise value was 59.87 dB in the no-load state (dotted line in FIG. 11). The sound pressure at each frequency is 10 dB at 20 Hz, 10.11666667 dB at 25 Hz, 15.13666667 dB at 31.5 Hz, 13.04333333 dB at 40 Hz, 17.33666667 dB at 50 Hz, and 21.95666667 at 63 Hz. dB, 24.10333333dB at 80Hz, 31.59333333dB at 100Hz, 34.17dB at 125Hz, 31.8dB at 160Hz, 29.44666667dB at 200Hz, 31.38333333dB at 250Hz, 28.28666667dB at 315Hz , 400Hz 31.76dB, 500Hz 46.83333333dB, 630Hz 47.49dB, 800Hz 47.93333333dB, 1kHz 54.42666667dB, 1.25kHz 48.85333333dB, 1.6kHz 48.53 dB, 49.38666667 dB at 2 kHz, 44.96666667 dB at 2.5 kHz, 48.45666667 dB at 3.15 kHz, 49.63333333 dB at 4 kHz, 41.61666667 dB at 5 kHz, 45.19 at 6.3 kHz. It was 36.83666667 dB at 8 kHz, 34.20333333 dB at 10 kHz, 25.48666667 dB at 12.5 kHz, 18.77 dB at 16 kHz, and 13.55333333 dB at 20 kHz.

Further, in FIG. 11, the total noise value was 65.15666667 dB in the state where half of the rated load was applied (two-dot chain line in FIG. 11). The sound pressure at each frequency is 10.32667 dB at 20 Hz, 15.67 dB at 25 Hz, 25.47667 dB at 31.5 Hz, 16.04 dB at 40 Hz, 23.29667 dB at 50 Hz, and 63 Hz. 24.49 dB, 25.67333 dB at 80 Hz, 37.07667 dB at 100 Hz, 36.35667 dB at 125 Hz, 40.78667 dB at 160 Hz, 33.64333333 dB at 200 Hz, 33.44333 dB at 250 Hz, 29.27333 dB at 315 Hz. dB, 34.79 dB at 400 Hz, 43.87333 dB at 500 Hz, 54.56333 dB at 630 Hz, 54.52333 dB at 800 Hz, 51.43333 dB at 1 kHz, 57.30333 dB at 1.25 kHz, 1.6 kHz Sometimes 53.3 dB, 2 kHz 54.92333 dB, 2.5 kHz 51.35667 dB, 3.15 kHz 54.81333 dB, 4 kHz 56.25333 dB, 5 kHz 47.87 dB, 6.3 kHz It was 50.09333 dB, 43.91333 dB at 8 kHz, 41.09667 dB at 10 kHz, 31.71333 dB at 12.5 kHz, 24.32667 dB at 16 kHz, and 19.38667 dB at 20 kHz.

Further, in FIG. 11, the total noise value was 80.69 dB under the rated load (solid line in FIG. 11). The sound pressure at each frequency is 10 dB at 20 Hz, 10.11333333 dB at 25 Hz, 17.03666667 dB at 31.5 Hz, 15.08666667 dB at 40 Hz, 19.08666667 dB at 50 Hz, and 21.08333333 at 63 Hz. dB, 23.64 dB at 80 Hz, 33.19666667 dB at 100 Hz, 33.59666667 dB at 125 Hz, 32.47666667 dB at 160 Hz, 31.05666667 dB at 200 Hz, 33.43666667 dB at 250 Hz, 32.37333333 dB at 315 Hz. , 400Hz 36.15dB, 500Hz 53.94333333dB, 630Hz 70.93dB, 800Hz 62.39333333dB, 1kHz 59.68dB, 1.25kHz 73.42dB, 1.6kHz 66 dB, 74.11333333 dB at 2 kHz, 67.41333333 dB at 2.5 kHz, 68.57333333 dB at 3.15 kHz, 73.9 dB at 4 kHz, 67.96666667 dB at 5 kHz, 64.65 dB at 6.3 kHz. It was 60.89333333 dB at 8 kHz, 60.83666667 dB at 10 kHz, 50.55 dB at 12.5 kHz, 44.41666667 dB at 16 kHz, and 37.04333333 dB at 20 kHz.

The results of direct hearing as to whether or not the brake squeal actually occurred are as follows. That is, when a load half of the rated load was applied, the brake squeal occurred, and even when the rated load was applied, the brake squeal occurred. In addition, the brake squeal did not occur in the no-load state. In the measurement data of FIG. 11, the total noise value is less than 65 dB in the no-load state, while the total noise value is 65 dB in the state where half of the rated load is applied or when the rated load is applied. It can be said that the result of hearing directly with the ear and the measurement data of FIG. 11 correspond to each other.

<Experimental results according to Example 1>
Next, with respect to the same product as in FIG. 11, an experiment was conducted by impregnating the friction plates 252a and 252b of the friction braking device 250 with liquid crystal grease. Also in this experiment, mineral oil-based general lubricating oil (ATF oil) is supplied to the internal space where the friction plates 252a and 252b of the friction braking device 250 described above exist. Further, the friction plates 252a and 252b are pre-impregnated with the liquid crystal grease A, and the other experimental conditions are the same as those of Comparative Example 1.

Here, the liquid crystal grease A is prepared by mixing the liquid crystal compounds represented by the following formulas (5) to (11) to form a mixed liquid crystal state that forms a smectic liquid crystal state in a wide temperature range from −50 ° C. to 200 ° C. did. Specifically, 5 parts by mass of the liquid crystal compound represented by the following formula (5) having two alkoxy groups at the end of the 1,4-dystylyl liquid crystal, and three at the end of the 1,4-dystylyl liquid crystal. 10 parts by mass of the liquid crystal compound represented by the following formula (6) having an alkoxy group, and 5 parts by mass of the liquid crystal compound represented by the following formula (7) having four alkoxy groups at the ends of the 1,4-dystylyl liquid crystal. , A liquid crystal compound represented by the following formula (8) having 6 alkoxy groups at the end of a 1,4-dystylyl liquid crystal is 20 parts by mass, and the following formula having two alkoxy groups at the end of a biphenyl liquid crystal. The liquid crystal compound represented by (9) is 15 parts by mass, and the liquid crystal compound represented by the following formula (10) is 30 parts by mass, which is different from the formula (9) and has two alkoxy groups at the end of the biphenyl liquid crystal. 15 parts by mass of the liquid crystal compound represented by the following formula (11), which is different from 9) and the formula (10) and has two alkoxy groups at the end of the biphenyl liquid crystal, was mixed.

The liquid crystal grease A was impregnated into the friction plates 252a and 252b by the following method. Specifically, 0.5 g of liquid crystal grease A was applied to the surfaces of the friction plates 252a and 252b. After that, the applied friction plates 252a and 252b were placed in a constant temperature bath at 200 ° C. for 30 minutes. After that, the friction plates 252a and 252b were taken out from the constant temperature bath and returned to room temperature. Then, friction plates 252a and 252b impregnated with the liquid crystal grease A were obtained.

The friction plates 252a and 252b impregnated with the liquid crystal grease A as described above are attached to the electric chain block 200, and under the same conditions as shown in FIG. 11, a no-load state (0W) and half of the rated load are applied. Noise measurement was performed for each of the unwound state (0.5 W) and the state where the rated load was applied (1.0 W). This situation is shown in FIG. Further, in the graph of FIG. 12, the average value of the total noise value (average of all pass values) is shown on the far right side. In FIG. 12, the no-load state is indicated by the alternate long and short dash line, the state in which half of the rated load is applied is indicated by the alternate long and short dash line, and the state in which the rated load is applied is indicated by the solid line.

In FIG. 12, the total noise value was 56.54 dB in the no-load state (dotted line in FIG. 12). The sound pressure at each frequency is 10 dB at 20 Hz, 10 dB at 25 Hz, 14.94 dB at 31.5 Hz, 13.16666667 dB at 40 Hz, 16.87333333 dB at 50 Hz, and 17.72666667 dB at 63 Hz. 22.60666667dB at 80Hz, 29.65666667dB at 100Hz, 27.88dB at 125Hz, 31.81666667dB at 160Hz, 32.25666667dB at 200Hz, 33.38666667dB at 250Hz, 27.49666667dB at 315Hz, 29.34333333dB at 400Hz, 36.48333333dB at 500Hz, 43.32333333dB at 630Hz, 49.59333333dB at 800Hz, 45.77dB at 1kHz, 46.18dB at 1.25kHz, 1.6kHz 41.78666667 dB, 44.03 dB at 2 kHz, 46.74333333 dB at 2.5 kHz, 46.87333333 dB at 3.15 kHz, 49.25 dB at 4 kHz, 39.51666667 dB at 5 kHz, 44.22666667 dB at 6.3 kHz. It was 35.61666667 dB at 8 kHz, 33.73666667 dB at 10 kHz, 30.35 dB at 12.5 kHz, 23.14333333 dB at 16 kHz, and 15.15 dB at 20 kHz.

Further, in FIG. 12, the total noise value was 56.82 dB when a load half of the rated load was applied (two-dot chain line in FIG. 12). The sound pressure at each frequency is 10 dB at 20 Hz, 10 dB at 25 Hz, 15.05 dB at 31.5 Hz, 13.48666667 dB at 40 Hz, 16.64333333 dB at 50 Hz, and 18.23666667 dB at 63 Hz. 23.72666667 dB at 80 Hz, 31.63 dB at 100 Hz, 28.50666667 dB at 125 Hz, 31.2 dB at 160 Hz, 31.81 dB at 200 Hz, 32.74333333 dB at 250 Hz, 29.5 dB at 315 Hz, 30.18666667 dB at 400 Hz, 34.5 dB at 500 Hz, 44.63 dB at 630 Hz, 47.26 dB at 800 Hz, 44.51333333 dB at 1 kHz, 44.22333333 dB at 1.25 kHz, 1.6 kHz 47.93333333dB, 48.86dB at 2kHz, 47.27333333dB at 2.5kHz, 47.78dB at 3.15kHz, 47.56333333dB at 4kHz, 40.77666667dB at 5kHz, 37.57dB at 6.3kHz It was 39.04666667 dB at 8 kHz, 36.43 dB at 10 kHz, 34.24333333 dB at 12.5 kHz, 29.42333333 dB at 16 kHz, and 19.97333333 dB at 20 kHz.

Further, in FIG. 12, when the rated load was applied (solid line in FIG. 12), the value was 58.85333333 dB. The sound pressure at each frequency is 10 dB at 20 Hz, 10 dB at 25 Hz, 13.97 dB at 31.5 Hz, 13.41 dB at 40 Hz, 16.37333333 dB at 50 Hz, and 17.61333333 dB at 63 Hz. 24.46666667 dB at 80 Hz, 33.12333333 dB at 100 Hz, 29.26 dB at 125 Hz, 31.3 dB at 160 Hz, 31.47333333 dB at 200 Hz, 33.52666667 dB at 250 Hz, 29.61 dB at 315 Hz, 30.94 dB at 400 Hz, 40.48333333 dB at 500 Hz, 47.17666667 dB at 630 Hz, 45.25666667 dB at 800 Hz, 49.06333333 dB at 1 kHz, 48.48333333 dB at 1.25 kHz, 1.6 kHz. 48.82333333dB, 52.48dB at 2kHz, 48.42666667dB at 2.5kHz, 48.33dB at 3.15kHz, 48.82666667dB at 4kHz, 41.62dB at 5kHz, 37.88dB at 6.3kHz It was 39.44666667 dB at 8 kHz, 36.42666667 dB at 10 kHz, 31.45666667 dB at 12.5 kHz, 27.13 dB at 16 kHz, and 19.51666667 dB at 20 kHz.

The results of direct hearing as to whether or not the brake squeal actually occurred are as follows. That is, the brake squeal did not occur when a load half of the rated load was applied, and the brake squeal did not occur even when the rated load was applied. In addition, no brake squeal occurred even in the no-load state. Also in the measurement data of FIG. 12, the total noise value is less than 65 dB in any of the state of no load, the state where a load of half of the rated load is applied, and the state where the rated load is applied. Further, regardless of which load was applied, a decrease in dB was observed especially in a region where the frequency was high and exceeded 400 Hz. From this, it can be said that the result of direct hearing and the measurement data of FIG. 12 correspond to each other.

<Experimental results according to Example 2>
Next, with respect to the same product as in FIG. 11, an experiment was conducted by impregnating the friction plates 252a and 252b of the friction braking device 250 with liquid crystal grease B different from the liquid crystal grease A. Also in this experiment, mineral oil-based general lubricating oil (ATF oil) is supplied to the internal space where the friction plates 252a and 252b of the friction braking device 250 described above exist. The friction plates 252a and 252b are impregnated with the liquid crystal grease B, and the other experimental conditions are the same as those of Comparative Example 1.

Here, the liquid crystal grease B is a mixture of the liquid crystal grease A and each liquid crystal compound other than the liquid crystal compound represented by the above formula (8) to form a smectic liquid crystal state in a wide temperature range from −50 ° C. to 200 ° C. I made a liquid crystal. Specifically, 10 parts by mass of the liquid crystal compound represented by the following formula (5) having two alkoxy groups at the end of the 1,4-dystylyl liquid crystal, and three at the end of the 1,4-dystylyl liquid crystal. 20 parts by mass of the liquid crystal compound represented by the following formula (6) having an alkoxy group, and 10 parts by mass of the liquid crystal compound represented by the following formula (7) having four alkoxy groups at the ends of the 1,4-dystylyl liquid crystal. , And a liquid crystal compound represented by the following formula (9) having two alkoxy groups at the end of the biphenyl liquid crystal, 15 parts by mass, different from the formula (9) and two alkoxy groups at the end of the biphenyl liquid crystal. The liquid crystal compound represented by the following formula (10) is represented by the following formula (11) having 30 parts by mass, which is different from the formulas (9) and (10) and has two alkoxy groups at the end of the biphenyl liquid crystal. The liquid crystal compound was mixed in an amount of 15 parts by mass.

The method of impregnating the friction plates 252a and 252b with the liquid crystal grease B is the same as that of the liquid crystal grease A described above.

The friction plates 252a and 252b impregnated with the liquid crystal grease B as described above are attached to the electric chain block 200, and under the same conditions as shown in FIG. 11, a load of half the rated load is applied in a no-load state (0W). Noise measurement was performed for each of the unwound state (0.5 W) and the state where the rated load was applied (1.0 W). This situation is shown in FIG. Further, in the graph of FIG. 13, the average value of the total noise value (average of all pass values) is shown on the far right side. In FIG. 13, the no-load state is indicated by the alternate long and short dash line, the state in which half of the rated load is applied is indicated by the alternate long and short dash line, and the state in which the rated load is applied is indicated by the solid line.

In FIG. 13, the total noise value was 62.14333333 dB in the no-load state (dashed line in FIG. 13). The sound pressure at each frequency is 10 dB at 20 Hz, 10.01666667 dB at 25 Hz, 15.06333333 dB at 31.5 Hz, 13.03666667 dB at 40 Hz, 18.35 dB at 50 Hz, and 21.56 at 63 Hz. dB, 24.74333333 dB at 80 Hz, 30.11666667 dB at 100 Hz, 30.54666667 dB at 125 Hz, 31.84666667 dB at 160 Hz, 32.25333333 dB at 200 Hz, 33.97 dB at 250 Hz, 30.47666667 dB at 315 Hz. , 400Hz 31.42666667dB, 500Hz 48.07dB, 630Hz 50.31333333dB, 800Hz 47.83333333dB, 1kHz 52.59dB, 1.25kHz 55.92666667dB, 1.6kHz 53.68666667dB, 50.62666667dB at 2kHz, 48.02666667dB at 2.5kHz, 52.74666667dB at 3.15kHz, 52.81666667dB at 4kHz, 44.76dB at 5kHz, 46.59333333 at 6.3kHz It was 36.87333333 dB at 8 kHz, 34.79666667 dB at 10 kHz, 26.30333333 dB at 12.5 kHz, 20.23 dB at 16 kHz, and 13.74333333 dB at 20 kHz.

Further, in FIG. 13, the total noise value was 62.41 dB when a load half of the rated load was applied (two-dot chain line in FIG. 13). The sound pressure at each frequency is 10 dB at 20 Hz, 10.16666667 dB at 25 Hz, 20.71666667 dB at 31.5 Hz, 13.27 dB at 40 Hz, 16.97333333 dB at 50 Hz, and 17.89666667 at 63 Hz. dB, 24.99333333 dB at 80 Hz, 34.41333333 dB at 100 Hz, 31.65 dB at 125 Hz, 31.06 dB at 160 Hz, 30.83 dB at 200 Hz, 34.47 dB at 250 Hz, 30.28 dB at 315 Hz. 34.10666667dB at 400Hz, 48.17333333dB at 500Hz, 48.64dB at 630Hz, 49.72666667dB at 800Hz, 57.15dB at 1kHz, 51.32666667dB at 1.25kHz, 1.6kHz 51.65 dB, 51.32333333 dB at 2 kHz, 48.55 dB at 2.5 kHz, 53.36 dB at 3.15 kHz, 52.33333333 dB at 4 kHz, 42.45333333 dB at 5 kHz, 44.08666667 at 6.3 kHz It was 37.91666667 dB at 8 kHz, 33.23333333 dB at 10 kHz, 25.28666667 dB at 12.5 kHz, 18.69333333 dB at 16 kHz, and 13.60333333 dB at 20 kHz.

Further, in FIG. 13, the total noise value was 64.46 dB under the rated load (solid line in FIG. 13). The sound pressure at each frequency is 10 dB at 20 Hz, 10.00333333 dB at 25 Hz, 15.59333333 dB at 31.5 Hz, 12.52333333 dB at 40 Hz, 17.83333333 dB at 50 Hz, and 18.31333333 at 63 Hz. dB, 25.14 dB at 80 Hz, 34.40333333 dB at 100 Hz, 32.27 dB at 125 Hz, 30.88 dB at 160 Hz, 32.15666667 dB at 200 Hz, 34.97666667 dB at 250 Hz, 31.80666667 dB at 315 Hz. , 400Hz 33.93333333dB, 500Hz 43.25333333dB, 630Hz 50.87333333dB, 800Hz 53.55666667dB, 1kHz 56.06666667dB, 1.25kHz 53.02333333dB, 1.6kHz 53.26 dB, 58.50666667 dB at 2 kHz, 53.19 dB at 2.5 kHz, 54.83666667 dB at 3.15 kHz, 54.53666667 dB at 4 kHz, 45.14666667 dB at 5 kHz, 42.87 at 6.3 kHz. It was 41.51 dB at 8 kHz, 37.41666667 dB at 10 kHz, 28.25 dB at 12.5 kHz, 22.61666667 dB at 16 kHz, and 15.35 dB at 20 kHz.

The results of direct hearing as to whether or not the brake squeal actually occurred are as follows. That is, the brake squeal did not occur when a load half of the rated load was applied, and the brake squeal did not occur even when the rated load was applied. In addition, no brake squeal occurred even in the no-load state. Also in the measurement data of FIG. 13, the total noise value is less than 65 dB in any of the state of no load, the state where a load of half of the rated load is applied, and the state where the rated load is applied. In addition, regardless of which load was applied, a decrease in dB was also observed in a region exceeding 400 Hz, which is a particularly high frequency. From this, it can be said that the result of direct hearing and the measurement data of FIG. 13 correspond to each other.

From the above results, when the friction plates 252a and 252b are impregnated with the liquid crystal greases A and B, the effect of preventing the brake squeal within the range where the rated load is applied is effective as compared with the case where the general lubricating oil is used. Obtained.

<Modification example>
Although each embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention can be variously modified in addition to the above. This will be described below.

In the above-described embodiment, the semi-wet friction braking device 70 will be described in the first configuration example, the wet friction clutch device 130 will be described in the second configuration example, and the wet friction device 130 will be described in the third configuration example. The brake device 250 and the wet friction clutch device 260 are described. However, the liquid crystal grease composed of the liquid crystal grease molecule 1 described above may be applied to the back surface (the surface that does not come into contact with the pressed member) of the friction member of the dry friction braking device, or the friction member of the dry friction clutch device. A configuration may be adopted in which the grease is applied to the back surface (the surface that does not come into contact with the pressed member). With such a configuration, the liquid crystal grease can function as a damping material, and the damping material currently used can be eliminated.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the friction brake device used in the hoisting machine is described, but the application is not limited to the hoisting device and may be any friction brake device, and the type is also a disc brake device or a drum type brake. The brake device may have a friction member such as a device that generates a frictional force for braking with the pressed member. Similarly, the friction clutch device is not limited to the hoisting device, but may be a friction clutch device used for a transmission or the like, and its application is not limited as long as it is a friction clutch device having a friction member and a sliding member. The effect of is obtained.

Further, as a method of impregnating the friction member with the liquid crystal grease, in the above-described embodiment, a method of impregnating the friction member after molding is described. However, liquid crystal grease may be mixed when molding the friction member. As a method of mixing, the fibrous material used for the friction member may be impregnated with liquid crystal grease and molded with a binder such as resin molding, or the liquid crystal grease may be mixed with the binder and molded. You may. Alternatively, the friction member may be impregnated with the liquid crystal grease by mixing and molding the liquid crystal grease together with other materials.

1 ... Liquid crystal grease molecule, 2 ... Layer, 3 ... Continuum, 10 ... Lever hoist, 11 ... Frame, 12 ... Frame, 13 ... Casing, 20 ... Road sheave, 20a ... Insertion hole, 21 ... Road gear, 25 ... Drive shaft , 26 ... Male screw part, 27 ... Pinion gear, 30 ... Reduction gear, 31 ... Large diameter gear part, 32 ... Small diameter gear part, 35 ... Female screw member (corresponding to pressed member), 36 ... Female thread part, 37 ... Switching Gears, 40 ... switching claws, 41 ... claw-shaped parts, 45 ... switching operation handles, 50 ... operation levers, 55 ... cam members, 60 ... idle squeeze, 70 ... friction braking device, 71 ... brake receivers (for pressed members) Corresponding), 71a ... Flange portion, 71b ... Hollow boss portion, 72a, 72b ... Brake plate (corresponding to friction member), 73 ... Claw wheel (corresponding to pressed member), 73a ... Locking tooth, 74 ... Claw member, 75 ... Claw shaft, 76 ... Bush, 77 ... Twisting spring, 77a ... Coil part, 100 ... Electric chain block, 110 ... Electric chain block body, 111 ... Body, 112 ... Reduction gear storage part, 113 ... Electrical equipment storage part, 115 ... motor housing, 116 ... motor, 117 ... stator, 118 ... rotor, 120 ... road sheave, 120a ... insertion hole, 121 ... boss, 122 ... road gear, 125 ... motor output shaft, 127 ... pinion gear, 130 ... friction Clutch device, 131 ... Rotating shaft, 131a ... Gear part, 132 ... Bush, 133 ... Clutch plate, 133a ... Outer gear part, 134a, 134b ... Clutch receiver (corresponding to pressed member), 135a, 135b ... Countersunk spring, spring Presser 136, 137 ... Countersunk spring pressure adjusting nut, 140 ... Electrical components, 151 ... First friction material (corresponding to friction member), 152 ... Second friction material (corresponding to friction member), 200 ... Electric chain block, 210 ... Electric chain block body, 211 ... frame, 216 ... motor, 220 ... road sheave, 225 ... motor output shaft, 227 ... pinion gear, 231 ... intermediate large diameter gear, 232 ... intermediate small diameter gear, 240 ... rotating shaft, 241 ... driven gear (Corresponding to the pressed member) 242 ... Cam holding member, 243 ... Bearing, 244 ... Thrust bearing, 245 ... Cam groove, 250 ... Friction braking device, 251 ... Brake receiver (corresponding to pressed member), 252a, 252b ... Friction plate, 253 ... Claw wheel (corresponding to pressed member), 254 ... Cylindrical bearing, 260 ... Friction clutch device, 261 ... Pressing plate (corresponding to pressed member), 262 ... Friction plate, 263 ... Pressing ring, 264 ... Pressing spring member, 265 ... Cam member, 266 ... annular groove, 271a, 271b ... oil seal, 272 ... spacer, 280 ... adjustment nut, C1 ... chain

Claims (8)

Friction braking device
Friction member and
A pressed member that generates a frictional force for braking with the friction member,
With
A rod-shaped liquid crystal compound is contained or interposed in the friction member or between the friction member and the pressed member in a liquid crystal state exhibiting a smectic phase.
A friction braking device characterized by that. The friction braking device according to claim 1.
The rod-shaped liquid crystal compound is a lubricant composition containing a lubricating base oil and a liquid crystal compound represented by the following general formula (1):

[During the ceremony,
The group A and the group B are the same or different, and may be substituted with a fluorine atom, a hydroxyl group or a cyano group, or may have a branch. An alkyl group having 2 or more carbon atoms; a fluorine atom, a hydroxyl group or a cyano group. An ether having 2 or more carbon atoms which may be substituted with a group or may have a branch; an ether having 2 or more carbon atoms which may be substituted with a fluorine atom, a hydroxyl group or a cyano group and may have a branch. Alkyl group of: an alkynyl group having 2 or more carbon atoms which may be substituted with a fluorine atom, a hydroxyl group or a cyano group and may have a branch.
The group W is a divalent group selected from the group consisting of a divalent tetralin group which may be substituted, a divalent polycyclic aromatic group which may be substituted, and a group represented by the following general formula (I). Is a mesogen group of:

(In the formula, ring D, ring E and ring F are independently benzene ring, cyclohexane ring, cyclohexene ring, pyridine ring, pyrimidine ring, dioxane ring, tetralin ring or polycyclic aromatic ring, respectively.
Y is independently a hydrogen atom, a heavy hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and an alkenyloxy group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms. , An alkynyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkynyloxy group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxyalkyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkanoyloxy group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, It is a halogen atom or a cyano group,
s1 to s3 are each independently an integer up to 1 or the number of sites to which the substituents of ring D, ring E or ring F can be attached.
When s1 to s3 are 2 or more, a plurality of Ys bonded to the same ring may be the same or different.
Z1 and Z2 are independently single-bonded, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -CH ₂ O-, -OCH _2- , -CH ₂ CH _2- , -CH = CHCH ₂ O-, -CH = CH-, -CF ₂ O-, -OCF _2- , -S-, -SO-, _{-SO 2- or -C≡C-, and}
r is 0, 1 or 2,
When r is 2, the two existing Z1s may be the same or different, and the two existing rings D may be the same or different, and Y bonded to the two rings D respectively. May be the same or different. )]. The friction braking device according to claim 2.
In the general formula (1), the group A and the group B are the same or different alkyl groups having 2 or more carbon atoms which may be substituted with a fluorine atom, a hydroxyl group or a cyano group, or have a branch. An ether having 2 or more carbon atoms having a branch, which may be substituted with a fluorine atom, a hydroxyl group or a cyano group.
A friction braking device characterized by that. The friction braking device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
The friction member is a porous resin mold type friction material.
A friction braking device characterized by that. The friction braking device according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
At least a pair of the friction members are provided, and the friction members sandwich the claw wheel constituting the ratchet mechanism.
A friction braking device characterized by that. A friction clutch device that transmits torque
Friction member and
A pressed member that generates a frictional force for transmitting torque to and from the friction member,
With
A rod-shaped liquid crystal compound is present or intervenes in the friction member or between the friction member and the pressed member in a liquid crystal state exhibiting a smectic phase.
A friction clutch device characterized by that. The friction clutch device according to claim 6.
The rod-shaped liquid crystal compound is a lubricant composition containing a lubricating base oil and a liquid crystal compound represented by the following general formula (1):

[During the ceremony,
The group A and the group B are the same or different, and may be substituted with a fluorine atom, a hydroxyl group or a cyano group, or may have a branch. An alkyl group having 2 or more carbon atoms; a fluorine atom, a hydroxyl group or a cyano group. An ether having 2 or more carbon atoms which may be substituted with a group or may have a branch; an ether having 2 or more carbon atoms which may be substituted with a fluorine atom, a hydroxyl group or a cyano group and may have a branch. Alkyl group of: an alkynyl group having 2 or more carbon atoms which may be substituted with a fluorine atom, a hydroxyl group or a cyano group and may have a branch.
The group W is a divalent group selected from the group consisting of a divalent tetralin group which may be substituted, a divalent polycyclic aromatic group which may be substituted, and a group represented by the following general formula (I). Is a mesogen group of:

(In the formula, ring D, ring E and ring F are independently benzene ring, cyclohexane ring, cyclohexene ring, pyridine ring, pyrimidine ring, dioxane ring, tetralin ring or polycyclic aromatic ring, respectively.
Y is independently a hydrogen atom, a heavy hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and an alkenyloxy group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms. , An alkynyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkynyloxy group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxyalkyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkanoyloxy group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, It is a halogen atom or a cyano group,
s1 to s3 are each independently an integer up to 1 or the number of sites to which the substituents of ring D, ring E or ring F can be attached.
When s1 to s3 are 2 or more, a plurality of Ys bonded to the same ring may be the same or different.
Z1 and Z2 are independently single-bonded, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -CH ₂ O-, -OCH _2- , -CH ₂ CH _2- , -CH = CHCH ₂ O-, -CH = CH-, -CF ₂ O-, -OCF _2- , -S-, -SO-, _{-SO 2- or -C≡C-, and}
r is 0, 1 or 2,
When r is 2, the two existing Z1s may be the same or different, and the two existing rings D may be the same or different, and Y bonded to the two rings D respectively. May be the same or different. )]. The friction clutch device according to claim 7.
In the general formula (1), the group A and the group B are the same or different alkyl groups having 2 or more carbon atoms which may be substituted with a fluorine atom, a hydroxyl group or a cyano group, or have a branch. An ether having 2 or more carbon atoms having a branch, which may be substituted with a fluorine atom, a hydroxyl group or a cyano group.
A friction clutch device characterized by that.

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