JP6863731B2 - Displacement monitoring device for tunnel face surface - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a displacement monitoring device for the face surface of a tunnel. Specifically, when a displacement occurs by monitoring the face surface immediately after excavation, the position where the displacement occurs and the degree of displacement are determined for the worker. It relates to a technology that can be notified as soon as possible.

In tunnel construction, the face may collapse when excavating soft ground such as unconsolidated ground or fault crush zone. Such collapse of the face may hinder safe work, so it is necessary to detect the signs in advance and take appropriate measures. Therefore, a system has been developed that monitors the state of the face and issues a warning when the risk of collapse increases (see Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).

The technique described in Patent Document 1 relates to a device and a method for easily creating an accurate face observation record always viewed from a certain direction or position, instead of a freehand sketch when creating a face observation record. It is a thing. In this technique, a face approximation plane is formed at a predetermined position with respect to the tunnel face, and a plurality of reference points whose positional relationships with each other are known are marked with respect to the face approximation plane. Then, along with the reference point, a face observation record is created based on a photographic image obtained by photographing the tunnel face on a shooting plane.

The technique described in Patent Document 2 relates to a surveying system for detecting a discontinuous surface of a face surface such as a tunnel and detecting a geological boundary on the face surface. In this technique, the tunnel face surface to be surveyed is photographed with a digital camera to obtain a central projection image of the tunnel face surface. Then, using at least the values of the camera position, camera attitude and focal length in digital camera shooting, the distortion of the camera lens, and the deviation of the center position of the camera lens, the conversion formula from the center projection image to the orthogonal projection image is used. The face surface is measured by acquiring an orthographic projection image of the face surface of the tunnel.

There is also a method of continuously measuring the extrusion displacement of the face with a laser displacement meter attached to the rear of the face of the tunnel. In this method, data such as displacement speed and estimated time until collapse is calculated based on the measured data. Then, when the cumulative displacement amount or the displacement speed exceeds a preset control reference value, the warning light blinks to generate an alarm.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 8-285583 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2008-267843

However, with the method of visually monitoring the face surface by an observer, it is difficult to constantly monitor the face surface, and the management relies on the sense of the observer. Further, although the technique described in Patent Document 1 can automatically create a face observation record, it relies on human hands to judge the displacement of the face surface, and it is not possible to instantly notify the danger of collapse or the like. Can not. Further, in the technique described in Patent Document 2, it is possible to measure the face surface based on an image, but the judgment on the displacement of the face surface depends on human hands, and there is the same problem as in Patent Document 1. It was.

Furthermore, in the method of continuously measuring the extrusion displacement of the face using a laser displacement meter, it is possible to notify the danger such as collapse by using a warning light, but it is possible to notify at which position the displacement is occurring. Because it was not possible to do so, it was sometimes not possible to make an appropriate evacuation.

The present invention has been proposed in view of the above circumstances, and is a tunnel capable of promptly notifying the displacement of the face surface based on accurate and appropriate information without relying on the senses of an operator or an observer. It is an object of the present invention to provide a displacement monitoring device for a face surface.

The displacement monitoring device for the tunnel face surface of the present invention has the following features in order to achieve the above-mentioned object. That is, the tunnel face displacement monitoring device of the present invention includes an initial shape data acquisition means, an initial shape data storage means, a current shape data acquisition means, a face surface displacement information creation means, a display control means, and an alarm generation. It is characterized by having means.

The initial shape data acquisition means is a means for acquiring the initial shape data of the formed face surface. The initial shape data storage means is a means for storing the acquired initial shape data of the face surface. The current shape data acquisition means is a means for acquiring the current shape data of the face surface. The face surface displacement information creating means combines the initial shape data and the current shape data based on the comparison between the initial shape data of the face surface stored in the initial shape data storage means and the current shape data acquired by the current shape data acquisition means. This is a means for creating face displacement information indicating the difference between the two. The display control means is a means for displaying the face surface displacement information by associating with the face surface by using a transmissive wearable terminal worn by an operator. The alarm generating means is a means for generating an alarm when the difference between the initial shape data and the current shape data in the face surface displacement information exceeds the threshold value, and the displacement of the tunnel face surface in each region accumulated in advance. An alarm is issued for at least one of the dangers occurring on the tunnel face and the time of occurrence thereof, based on the relationship between the situation and the danger data occurring on the tunnel facet or the estimated time data thereof.

In the tunnel face displacement monitoring device having the above-described configuration, the display control means obtains the initial shape data and the current shape data according to at least one of the hue, saturation, and brightness of the image to be displayed (face face displacement information). It is possible to express the difference.

In the displacement monitoring device for the tunnel face surface having the above-described configuration, excavation is performed by an excavation machine, a support work is built, concrete is sprayed on the mirror surface, and lock bolts are installed to form the face surface. Then, by the function of the initial shape data storage means, the initial shape data of the tunnel face surface at the time of completion of tunnel excavation (at the end of concrete spraying on the mirror surface) is stored.

After the face surface is formed (after the concrete is sprayed onto the mirror surface), the current shape data of the formed face surface is acquired by the function of the current shape data acquisition means. Then, the function of the face surface displacement information creating means compares the initial shape data with the current shape data, and creates face surface displacement information indicating the difference between the initial shape data and the current shape data. The face surface displacement information is information (displacement information) indicating how much the formed tunnel face surface differs from the reference shape, and indicates a shape change due to swelling, cracking, collapse, etc. of the tunnel face surface. There is. The created face surface displacement information is displayed so as to be associated with the face surface by using a transparent wearable terminal worn by the operator by the function of the display control means.

In the display of the face displacement information, the change in the formation state of the tunnel face surface is expressed by changing the color or the brightness of the displayed image. For example, if there is a difference between the current shape data and the reference data due to the formation of the tunnel face surface, the display color is changed according to the degree of difference. If the difference between the initial shape data and the current shape data exceeds the threshold value, there is a possibility that, for example, the face surface may collapse, so that the tunnel face surface in each region accumulated in advance may occur. An alarm is issued for at least one of the dangers occurring on the tunnel face and the time of occurrence thereof based on the relationship between the displacement status of the tunnel face and the danger data occurring on the tunnel face surface or the estimated time data thereof. At this time, for example, the brightness of the displayed image at the place where there is a danger of collapse is increased at once and displayed in red, or an alarm sound is generated from the speaker to notify the operator of the displacement status of the face surface.

According to the displacement monitoring device for the tunnel face surface according to the present invention, the initial shape data of the tunnel face surface is stored, and in the tunnel excavation process, the transmissive wearable terminal worn by the operator is used to relate to the face surface. The face displacement information indicating the difference between the initial shape data and the current shape data is displayed so as to be attached. As a result, the operator can instantly recognize whether or not the shape of the face surface matches the reference shape, so that in the unlikely event that there is a risk of the face surface collapsing, etc. , Can take appropriate action.

In addition, by expressing the difference between the initial shape data and the current shape data by at least one of the hue, saturation, and brightness of the image to be displayed, the operator can instantly recognize accurate and appropriate information. Because it can be done, the condition of the face surface can be grasped quickly.

Further, when the difference between the initial shape data and the current shape data exceeds the threshold value and there is a possibility that a risk such as collapse of the face surface may occur, the operator can generate an alarm by an alarm means. Since the displacement of the face surface can be noticed as soon as possible, more appropriate measures can be taken.

The block diagram which shows the structure of the displacement monitoring apparatus of the tunnel face surface which concerns on embodiment of this invention. The schematic diagram which shows the display state of the face displacement information.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the displacement monitoring device for the tunnel face surface (hereinafter, abbreviated as the displacement monitoring device) according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 show a displacement monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the displacement monitoring device, and FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a display state of face displacement information. is there.

<Overview of displacement monitoring device>
The displacement monitoring device according to the embodiment of the present invention constantly monitors the state of the tunnel face surface, makes the worker or the observer aware of the state of the tunnel face surface, and may cause a risk of collapse or the like. In some cases, it is a technology that promptly notifies the worker to that effect so that appropriate measures such as evacuation can be taken.

<Details of displacement monitoring device>
As shown in FIG. 1, the displacement monitoring device 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes an initial shape data acquisition means 11, an initial shape data storage means 12, a current shape data acquisition means 13, a face surface displacement information creation means 14, and a display. A control means 15 is provided, and face displacement information is displayed using a transmissive wearable terminal 20 worn by an operator. Further, in addition to these means, it is possible to provide an alarm generating means 16. Hereinafter, each means will be described in detail.

<Initial shape data acquisition means>
The initial shape data acquisition means 11 is a means for acquiring the initial shape data of the formed face surface, and includes, for example, an image pickup device such as a video camera, a lighting device, and the like. The initial shape data acquisition means 11 is installed at, for example, the top end of the tunnel, and the tunnel face surface is targeted for imaging. At this time, if the illuminance is insufficient, it is preferable to irradiate the tunnel face surface with the photographing light by a lighting device such as a floodlight or an LED light. The initial shape data acquired by the initial shape data acquisition means 11 is stored in the initial shape data storage means 12. The initial shape data of the formed face surface is the shape data of the face surface at the time when excavation is performed by an excavation machine, a support work is built, and concrete is sprayed on the mirror surface.

<Initial shape data storage means>
The initial shape data storage means 12 is composed of, for example, a large-capacity storage device such as an HDD. The initial shape data storage means 12 stores the initial shape data (data such as cross-sectional shape and ground condition) of the tunnel face surface when the tunnel excavation is completed (when the concrete is sprayed onto the mirror surface). The initial shape data is transmitted to the face surface displacement information creating means 14, and is used for creating the face surface displacement information together with the current shape data.

The initial shape data storage means 12 may be built in (incidental) in a computer installed at the excavation site of the tunnel, or may be installed so that data communication is possible via a data communication line. For example, a server (not shown) installed in a management facility is made to function as an initial shape data storage means 12, and a server, an initial shape data acquisition means 11, a current shape data acquisition means 13, a face surface displacement information creation means 14, Information may be transmitted and received by connecting to the display control means 15 via a data communication line. In this case, the server may be a virtual server built on the cloud system.

The data communication line may be any line as long as it can transmit and receive data, and the Internet, public telephone line, dedicated data communication line, wireless LAN line, wired LAN line, etc. may be used alone or in combination. Can be used. As described above, by using the initial shape data storage means 12 as a server function, the present invention can be used even at a construction site where the environment is not good for precision equipment such as a computer due to high humidity or the presence of dust. The displacement monitoring device 10 can be used.

<Current shape data acquisition means>
The current shape data acquisition means 13 is a means for acquiring the current shape data of the tunnel face surface formed in the tunnel excavation process, and includes, for example, an imaging device such as a video camera and a lighting device. The current shape data acquisition means 13 is installed at, for example, the top end of the tunnel, and the tunnel face surface is targeted for imaging. At this time, if the illuminance is insufficient, it is preferable to irradiate the tunnel face surface with the photographing light by a lighting device such as a floodlight or an LED light. The current shape data acquired by the current shape data acquisition means 13 is transmitted to the face surface displacement information creating means 14, and is used for creating the face surface displacement information together with the initial shape data. The current shape data acquisition means 13 may be configured as a means that is also used as the initial shape data acquisition means 11.

<Means for creating face displacement information>
The face surface displacement information creating means 14 determines the difference between the initial shape data and the current shape data based on the comparison between the initial shape data of the tunnel face surface stored in the initial shape data storage means 12 and the acquired current shape data. It is a means for creating the face surface displacement information to be shown, and includes, for example, a computer and its ancillary devices, and an application program that operates in cooperation with hardware by being installed in the computer.

Similar to the initial shape data storage means 12, the face surface displacement information creating means 14 may be built in (incidental) in a computer installed at the excavation site of the tunnel, but data communication is possible via a data communication line. It may be installed in.

<Transparent wearable terminal>
The transmissive wearable terminal 20 includes, for example, goggles and a display device for displaying an image on the lens surface of the goggles, and has various forms. For example, by arranging projectors on the side or both sides of the goggles body, projecting an image from this projector onto the lens surface, and reflecting the light by the hologram embedded in the lens, the object that the user is looking at. Some display information by superimposing it on. The transparent wearable terminal 20 does not limit the display format of the information, and may be in any mode as long as the face surface displacement information can be displayed in association with the face surface.

Further, in order to display the face displacement information in association with the face surface, it is necessary to acquire the position information regarding the current position of the transmissive wearable terminal 20, the orientation of the lens surface, and the like. To acquire the position information, a system such as a geomagnetic sensor, a gyro sensor, an acceleration sensor, a GNSS, a beacon for transmitting the position information, and a position analysis using the imaged data of the photographed marker can be used alone or in combination.

<Display control means>
The display control means 15 includes electronic devices and software for controlling the display of face displacement information on the transmissive wearable terminal 20. The software may be a logic circuit having a function equivalent to this. In addition, augmented reality (AR) technology, mixed reality (MR) technology, and virtual reality (VR) technology are used to represent the face displacement information three-dimensionally. Using augmented reality (AR) technology, mixed reality (MR) technology, and virtual reality (VR) technology, users can see the actual construction site (eg, tunnel excavation surface) through the lens surface of the goggles while viewing the lens. The face surface displacement information displayed on the surface can be superposed and recognized.

<Alarm generation means>
The alarm generating means 16 is a means for generating an alarm when the difference between the initial shape data and the current shape data exceeds the threshold value. For example, the mode (at least one of hue, saturation, and lightness) of the image (face displacement information) displayed by the display control means 15 so as to be associated with the face surface is extremely compared with the normal state. By changing the display control means 15, the display control means 15 may function as an alarm generation, or a device for generating an alarm may be separately provided.

Examples of the alarm generator include an amplifier, a speaker, and a rotating light, as shown in FIG. That is, an alarm is generated by generating an alarm sound from the speaker or turning on or blinking a rotating light. Further, both the alarm by the image display and the alarm by the alarm generator described above may be performed.

<Display of face displacement information>
Hereinafter, a procedure for displaying the face surface displacement information in association with the face surface using the displacement monitoring device 10 of the present embodiment will be described. In order to create the face surface displacement information, the initial shape data of the face surface at the end of concrete spraying on the mirror surface is acquired by the function of the initial shape data acquisition means 11. For example, the formed tunnel face surface is photographed by a video camera to acquire initial shape data. The acquired initial shape data is stored in the initial shape data storage means 12.

On the other hand, the current shape data of the subsequent tunnel face surface is acquired by the function of the current shape data acquisition means 13. For example, a video camera captures the current state of the tunnel face and acquires current shape data. This current shape data is stored in the temporary storage area of the computer.

Then, by the function of the face surface displacement information creating means 14, the difference between the initial shape data and the current shape data is calculated, and the face surface displacement information is created. The face surface displacement information, which is the calculation result, is displayed so as to be associated with the face surface by using the transmissive wearable terminal 20 worn by the operator by the function of the display control means 15. The displayed image (face displacement information) expresses the difference between the initial shape data and the current shape data by at least one of hue, saturation, and lightness.

The above-mentioned procedure will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 (a) shows the initial display state when the tunnel face surface is formed, FIG. 2 (b) shows the display state when time has passed since the tunnel face surface was formed, and FIG. 2 (c) shows the time when the warning is generated. Indicates the display status.

When the tunnel face surface is formed by tunnel excavation, the initial shape data is displayed on the tunnel face surface. Then, as the shape of the tunnel face surface changes, the difference between the initial shape data and the current shape data is expressed by at least one of the hue, saturation, and lightness of the displayed image. Furthermore, if the difference between the initial shape data and the current shape data exceeds the threshold value and there is a possibility that the tunnel face surface may collapse, the color of the displayed image may be changed or the brightness may be increased at once. , Notify the operator that the shape change of the tunnel face surface is abnormal. At the same time, an alarm sound is generated from the speaker of the alarm device. The state of the tunnel face surface may be expressed by using contour lines as the face surface displacement information.

<Other Embodiments>
The above-described embodiment is a basic embodiment of the displacement monitoring device for the tunnel face surface according to the present invention, but by combining other techniques, it is possible to monitor the displacement of the tunnel face surface in a more multifaceted manner. it can. For example, the geology of the tunnel ground is grasped by boring survey and analysis technology using elastic waves, and when the tunnel face surface is displaced with respect to each area, the tunnel face surface collapses or floods, etc. Accumulate as data whether or not Then, based on the relationship between the displacement of the tunnel ground and the tunnel face surface, it is possible to calculate the risk of collapse or flooding, the estimated time of occurrence, and the like, and generate an alarm. By using such a technique, it becomes possible to notify the displacement of the tunnel face surface more quickly.

10 Displacement monitoring device 11 Initial shape data acquisition means 12 Initial shape data storage means 13 Current shape data acquisition means 14 Face displacement information creation means 15 Display control means 16 Alarm generation means 20 Transmissive wearable terminal

Claims (2)

An initial shape data acquisition means for acquiring the initial shape data of the formed face surface, and
An initial shape data storage means for storing the acquired initial shape data of the face surface, and
The current shape data acquisition means for acquiring the current shape data of the face surface, and
Face displacement information creation that creates face displacement information indicating the difference between the initial shape data and the current shape data based on the comparison between the stored initial shape data and the acquired current shape data. Means and
A display control means for displaying the displacement information of the face surface by associating with the face surface using a transparent wearable terminal worn by an operator.
An alarm generating means for generating an alarm when the difference between the initial shape data and the current shape data in the face surface displacement information exceeds a threshold value.
With
The alarm generating means has a risk of occurring on the tunnel face surface based on the relationship between the displacement status of the tunnel face surface in each region accumulated in advance and the danger data generated on the tunnel face surface or the predicted time data thereof. Raise an alert for at least one of the sexes or the time of their occurrence,
A displacement monitoring device for the tunnel face surface, which is characterized by this. The display control means expresses the difference between the initial shape data and the current shape data by at least one of the hue, saturation, and brightness of the image to be displayed as the face displacement information.
The displacement monitoring device for a tunnel face surface according to claim 1.

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