JP6800372B2 - 持続型パルミチン酸結合GnRH誘導体及びこれを含む薬剤学的組成物 - Google Patents
持続型パルミチン酸結合GnRH誘導体及びこれを含む薬剤学的組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6800372B2 JP6800372B2 JP2020511372A JP2020511372A JP6800372B2 JP 6800372 B2 JP6800372 B2 JP 6800372B2 JP 2020511372 A JP2020511372 A JP 2020511372A JP 2020511372 A JP2020511372 A JP 2020511372A JP 6800372 B2 JP6800372 B2 JP 6800372B2
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Description
本発明において用語「生殖腺刺激ホルモン放出ホルモン(gonadotropin−releasing hormone;GnRH)」とは、視床下部の神経血管の末端で合成されて脳下垂体前葉性性腺刺激細胞に作用し、生殖腺刺激ホルモンである黄体形成ホルモン(luteinizing hormone;LH)や濾胞刺激ホルモン(follicle stimulating hormone;FSH)の合成及び放出を促進する機能を有するホルモンである。GnRHは、種別に異なる他の配列を有することができ、哺乳動物の天然型GnRHは、下記配列番号1を有することができる。
pGlu−His−Trp−Ser−Tyr−Gly−Leu−Arg−Pro−Gly(配列番号1)
本発明において用語「GnRH誘導体」は、GnRHと構造的に類似するものの、体内で異なる方式で作用できる。GnRH誘導体、特に、作用剤(agonist)に該当する誘導体の初期投与時には、GnRH誘導体がGnRH受容体に結合しながら濾胞刺激ホルモン(FSH)及び黄体ホルモン(LH)の体内合成と分泌を一定水準促進するようになる。しかし、GnRH誘導体の体内濃度が持続的に維持された場合には生殖腺刺激ホルモンが枯渇し、GnRH受容体が下向調節されて濾胞刺激ホルモン及び黄体ホルモンの合成と分泌がむしろ抑制される矛盾する効果を奏するようになる。このような効果を通じて、性ホルモン依存性疾患の予防または治療に用いられ得、避妊剤としても使用が可能である。
本発明の薬剤学的組成物は、前記説明した本発明のパルミチン酸結合GnRH誘導体を含むものを制限なく含む。
天然型哺乳動物のGnRH配列は、下記の通りである。
pGlu−His−Trp−Ser−Tyr−Gly−Leu−Arg−Pro−Gly(配列番号1)
上記哺乳動物のGnRH配列において、6番目のGlyをD−Leuに置換し、10番目のGlyをdes−Gly(デス−グリシン)に置換してエチルアミド基に切り替えたLeuprolide(登録商標)を本発明の誘導体及び誘導体パルミチン酸結合体のバックボーン(back bone)として用いた。
pGlu−His−Trp−Ser−Tyr−[D−Leu6]−Leu−Arg−Pro−NHEt(配列番号2)
上記Leuprolide配列において1番目のアミノ酸であるグルタミン酸を維持した誘導体とこれをグルタミンに置換した誘導体を以下のような製造方法を通じて作った。
誘導体ペプチドの合成は、一般のFmoc/tBu固相ペプチド合成(SPPS)法により合成され、アミノ酸のα−アミノ基が塩基に敏感なFmoc(Fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl chloride)基で保護されており、side基は、酸に敏感なグループで保護される。固相ペプチド合成(Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis)は、次の段階を含んでFmocの切断及びアミノ酸の結合の繰り返しを通じてペプチド鎖を順次付けていく。
1. レジンにFmocアミノ酸をローディング(Fmoc−Pro−trityl resin);
2. Fmoc−AA−レジン(20%のピペリジン/DMF)上のFmoc保護基を除去;
3. DMF洗浄;
4. 活性化された上でアミノ酸を結合(DIC/HOBt使用);
5. DMF洗浄;
6. 2〜5の段階を繰り返し順次アミノ酸を結合;
7. 合成されたペプチドからレジンのみ除去(1.5%のTFA/DCM);
8. レジンのみ除去されたペプチドのアミノ末端にエチルアミン(ethylamine)を結合(EDC・HCl/HOAt使用);及び
9. 結合したペプチドで保護化されたsideの全体を切断(92.5%のTFA/2.5%のTIS/2.5%のEDT/2.5%のH2O)。
上記TFAの切断後、ペプチドをShimadzu HPLC 10AVPシステムでC18カラムを用いてHPLC条件(Aバッファ0.05%のTFA/H2O、Bバッファ0.05%のTFA/Acetonitrile、流量率1mL/min、波長230nm)の条件下で精製した。下記のGnRH誘導体P1及びP3は、1番目のアミノ酸がグルタミン酸であるものであり、P2及びP4は、1番目のアミノ酸がグルタミンであるものである。
GnRH誘導体は、乳癌、前立腺癌、子宮内膜症、真性性早熟症などの疾患治療の目的で臨床に適用される。従って、前立腺癌細胞株の一種であるDU−145細胞株をT75フラスコ内で適正量のRPIM 1640培養液(10%のFBS、ペニシリン/ストレプトマイシン、1%のnon−essential amino acidsを含む)で培養し、37℃、5%のCO2、95%の空気の条件の無菌細胞インキュベータを用いる。細胞株死滅試験は、Cell Counting Kit−8(CCK−8、DOJINDO社の製品)を用いて進めた。DU−154細胞株をT75フラスコでトリプシン処理して分離した後、1×104の密度で96ウェルプレート(well plate)に移して1時間程度付着化(attachment)の時間を持った。
GnRH溶解度は、実験的な状況で水に対して1mg/mLの程度であり、実際には約0.0588mg/mLと予測される。それに対し、酢酸塩は、GnRHの水に対する溶解度を10mg/mLとして約10倍以上上昇させるものと知られている(https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00644)。
本発明者は、前記製造したパルミチン酸結合GnRH誘導体の生体半減期増加の効果を確認するために、動物実験(9週齢の雌SDラット)を進めた。具体的には、Leuprolide(n=6)、Leuprolide acetate depotの1ヶ月の剤形(3.75mg/month;n=7)、及びGnRH誘導体P2(n=6)またはP4(n=6)を各群別ラットに12.5mg/kgの量で単回皮下投与し、時間に応じた血中濃度を測定した。ラットへの投与前、投与後の0.5時間、1時間、2時間、6時間、1日、3日、7日、10日、14日、21日、及び28日目にラットの尾静脈から採血し、LC/MSMSを用いて血中Leuprolide及びGnRH誘導体の濃度を測定した。特定時点に濃度が約4ng/mLに達した場合、その次の時点に測定を進めなかった。
Claims (5)
- 持続型パルミチン酸結合生殖腺ホルモン放出ホルモン(gonadotropin−releasing hormone;GnRH)誘導体であって、
i)配列番号4のアミノ酸配列を含む前記GnRH誘導体のナトリウム塩、
ii)配列番号5のアミノ酸配列を含む前記GnRH誘導体の酢酸塩、及び、
iii)配列番号6のアミノ酸配列を含む前記GnRH誘導体の酢酸塩、からなる群から選択され、
前記GnRH誘導体の前記パルミチン酸のカルボキシ基はペプチド結合を介して前記GnRH誘導体のペプチド部分のアミノ末端に結合する、持続型パルミチン酸結合GnRH誘導体。 - 前記持続型パルミチン酸結合GnRH誘導体が配列番号4のアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項1に記載の持続型パルミチン酸結合GnRH誘導体。
- 前記持続型パルミチン酸結合GnRH誘導体が配列番号5のアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項1に記載の持続型パルミチン酸結合GnRH誘導体。
- 請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の持続型パルミチン酸結合GnRH誘導体を含む、性ホルモン−依存性疾患の予防または治療用薬剤学的組成物であって、前記性ホルモン−依存性疾患は、前立腺癌、乳癌、子宮内膜症及び真性性早熟症からなる群から選択されたものである、薬剤学的組成物。
- 前記薬剤学的組成物が、PLA(poly−lactic acid)、線状または分枝型PLGA(poly(lactic−co−glycolic acid))、PGA(poly−glycolic acid)及びヒドロゲルからなる群から選択される生分解性重合体をさらに含むものである、請求項4に記載の薬剤学的組成物。
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EP0906115A1 (en) * | 1996-04-30 | 1999-04-07 | Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd. | COMBINED USE OF GnRH AGONIST AND ANTAGONIST |
JPH1045625A (ja) | 1996-04-30 | 1998-02-17 | Takeda Chem Ind Ltd | 医薬組成物 |
US6565874B1 (en) * | 1998-10-28 | 2003-05-20 | Atrix Laboratories | Polymeric delivery formulations of leuprolide with improved efficacy |
RS52966B (en) * | 2002-09-27 | 2014-02-28 | Zentaris Gmbh | FORM OF THE THERAPEUTIC APPLICATION OF ACTIVE PEPTIDES WITH THE LONG TERM RELEASE OF THE ACTIVE INGREDIENT |
EP1711159B1 (en) * | 2003-12-30 | 2013-03-20 | Durect Corporation | Solid implants containing a block copolymer for controlled release of a gnrh compound |
US20080027003A1 (en) * | 2004-05-27 | 2008-01-31 | Curepeptide Ltd. | Peptides Useful for Treating Gnrh Associated Diseases |
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US20130060004A1 (en) * | 2010-05-07 | 2013-03-07 | Ananda Kuppanna | Novel Process For The Preparation Of Leuprolide And Its Pharmaceutically Acceptable Salts Thereof |
AU2012240144B2 (en) * | 2011-04-07 | 2017-05-25 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Long-acting peptide analogs |
KR101586791B1 (ko) | 2012-12-28 | 2016-01-19 | 주식회사 종근당 | GnRH 유도체의 서방성 지질 초기제제 및 이를 포함하는 약제학적 조성물 |
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