JP6772945B2 - Turbocharger abnormality determination device and control device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an abnormality determination device and a control device for a turbocharger.

Conventionally, a turbocharger that supercharges intake air by using the energy of the exhaust gas of an engine is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1). Such a turbocharger has a turbine housed in a turbine housing, a compressor housed in the compressor housing, and a shaft connecting the turbine and the compressor, and the turbine is driven by the energy of the exhaust of the engine. When this turbine is driven, a compressor connected to the turbine via a shaft is driven to supercharge the intake air.

Further, Patent Document 1 described above also discloses a technique in which an impact sensor is provided in a compressor housing (intake side housing) accommodating a compressor, and an abnormal signal is output when the detection value of the impact sensor is equal to or higher than a standard value. There is.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 5-321678

If the technique of Patent Document 1 described above is applied, for example, when some abnormality occurs in the turbocharger and the turbine housing and the compressor housing vibrate, the impact sensor detects the vibration of the compressor housing, and the detected value is calculated. When it is equal to or higher than the standard value, it can be determined that an abnormality has occurred in the turbocharger. However, in the case of this technique, even when a momentary vibration other than an abnormal vibration occurs, it is determined that an abnormality has occurred. Therefore, it cannot be said that the abnormality of the turbocharger can be properly determined. For this reason, it is difficult to appropriately notify the user that an abnormality has occurred in the turbocharger and to appropriately control the engine.

The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is an abnormality determination device for a turbocharger capable of appropriately determining an abnormality in a turbocharger, and an abnormality in the turbocharger when an abnormality occurs. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a control device capable of notifying the user of the appropriateness and appropriately controlling the engine.

In order to achieve the above object, the turbocharger abnormality determination device according to the present invention includes a turbine housing for accommodating a turbocharger turbine that supercharges intake air by utilizing the exhaust energy of the engine and a compressor housing for accommodating a compressor. At least the vibration value acquisition unit that acquires the vibration value of the turbine housing and the state in which the vibration value acquired by the vibration value acquisition unit is equal to or higher than a preset reference value is equal to or longer than a preset predetermined time. In this case, an abnormality determination unit for determining that an abnormality has occurred in the turbocharger is provided.

Further, in order to achieve the above object, the control device according to the present invention includes a turbine housing for accommodating a turbocharger turbine that supercharges intake air by utilizing the energy of engine exhaust and a compressor housing for accommodating a compressor . At least when the vibration value acquisition unit that acquires the vibration value of the turbine housing and the state in which the vibration value acquired by the vibration value acquisition unit is equal to or higher than a preset reference value becomes a preset predetermined time or longer. A control unit that executes at least one of an alarm generation process for generating an alarm and an engine output reduction process for reducing the output of the engine.

According to the turbocharger abnormality determination device according to the present invention, when some abnormality occurs in the turbocharger and the turbine housing and the compressor housing vibrate abnormally, the vibration value of at least one of the turbine housing and the compressor housing is used as a reference. When the state of being equal to or greater than the value exceeds the predetermined time, it can be determined that an abnormality has occurred in the turbocharger. This suppresses erroneous judgments such as determining that an abnormality has occurred in the turbocharger when momentary vibrations other than abnormal vibrations occur in the turbine housing and compressor housing, and makes the turbocharger abnormality appropriate. Can be determined.

Further, according to the control device according to the present invention, when some abnormality occurs in the turbocharger and the turbine housing and the compressor housing vibrate abnormally, the vibration value of at least one of the turbine housing and the compressor housing is equal to or higher than the reference value. It is possible to execute at least one of an alarm generation process for generating an alarm and an engine output reduction process for reducing the output of the engine when the state is longer than a predetermined time. As a result, when an abnormality occurs in the turbocharger, it is possible to appropriately notify the user to that effect and appropriately control the engine.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the whole structure of the engine system which concerns on embodiment. It is a figure which shows an example of the flowchart of abnormality determination processing.

(Embodiment 1)
Hereinafter, the abnormality determination device 100 (hereinafter, abbreviated as the abnormality determination device 100) of the turbocharger according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The drawings are schematically shown so that the configuration is easy to understand, and the ratios of the thickness, width, length, etc. of each member do not always match the ratios of the actual products.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an overall configuration of an engine system 1 including an abnormality determination device 100 according to the present embodiment. Note that FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram common to the first and second embodiments. The engine system 1 is mounted on the vehicle. The engine system 1 includes an engine 5, a turbocharger 10, various sensors (a vibration sensor 30 is exemplified in FIG. 1 as a specific example thereof), an alarm device 40, and a control device 50. Although this will be described later, the abnormality determination device 100 according to the present embodiment is realized by the function of the control device 50. Further, in the present embodiment, a diesel engine is used as an example of the engine 5.

The turbocharger 10 includes a turbine 11, a compressor 12, a shaft 13, a turbine-side bearing 14, a compressor-side bearing 15, a turbine housing 16, and a compressor housing 17. The axis 22 shown in FIG. 1 is the axis of the shaft 13 (the line indicating the central axis).

The turbine 11 and the compressor 12 are connected by a shaft 13. The shaft 13 is pivotally supported by a turbine-side bearing 14 arranged in the vicinity of the turbine 11 and a compressor-side bearing 15 arranged in the vicinity of the compressor 12.

The turbine housing 16 houses the turbine 11 inside. The compressor housing 17 houses the compressor 12 inside. The turbine housing 16 is provided with an exhaust scroll portion 18 and an exhaust outlet 19. The compressor housing 17 is provided with an intake inlet 20 and an intake scroll portion 21. The exhaust (E) discharged from the engine 5 passes through the exhaust passage, flows into the exhaust scroll portion 18, then comes into contact with the turbine 11, and is then discharged from the exhaust outlet 19. The intake air (A) on the upstream side of the turbocharger 10 flows into the intake air inlet 20 of the compressor housing 17 through the intake air passage.

The turbine 11 rotates by receiving the energy of the exhaust gas flowing in from the exhaust scroll portion 18. When the turbine 11 rotates, the compressor 12 connected to the turbine 11 via the shaft 13 also rotates. As the compressor 12 rotates, the compressor 12 supercharges the intake air. This supercharged intake air is discharged from the intake air scroll unit 21, passes through the intake passage, and is supplied to the engine 5. In this way, the turbocharger 10 supercharges the intake air by utilizing the energy of the exhaust gas.

The vibration sensor 30 is arranged at a position where at least one of the turbine housing 16 and the compressor housing 17 of the turbocharger 10 can detect the degree of vibration (degree of vibration), and transmits the detection result to the control device 50. Based on the detection result of the vibration sensor 30, the control device 50 acquires an index value (hereinafter, referred to as “vibration value”) indicating the degree of vibration of at least one of the turbine housing 16 and the compressor housing 17. The vibration sensor 30 according to this embodiment is arranged in the turbine housing 16 as an example. Therefore, the control device 50 directly acquires the vibration value of the turbine housing 16.

As the place where the vibration sensor 30 is arranged, for example, a predetermined place of the member near the turbine housing 16 may be used. As a specific example of this predetermined location, a location near the turbine housing 16 of the bearing housing (not shown) accommodating the turbine side bearing 14 and the compressor side bearing 15 can be used. Even in this case, the control device 50 can acquire the vibration value of the turbine housing 16.

Alternatively, the vibration sensor 30 may be arranged at a predetermined position of the compressor housing 17 or a member near the compressor housing 17 (for example, a position near the compressor housing 17 of the bearing housing). In this case, the control device 50 acquires the vibration value of the compressor housing 17.

Alternatively, the vibration sensor 30 may be arranged so as to detect the degree of vibration of both the turbine housing 16 and the compressor housing 17. For example, by arranging the vibration sensor 30 in both the turbine housing 16 and the compressor housing 17, the degree of vibration of both the turbine housing 16 and the compressor housing 17 can be detected.

Examples of the vibration sensor 30 include known vibration sensors such as a voltage output type vibration sensor that outputs a voltage value according to the degree of vibration and a frequency output type vibration sensor that outputs a frequency value according to the degree of vibration. Can be used. In this embodiment, a voltage output type vibration sensor is used as an example of the vibration sensor 30.

The alarm device 40 is a device that generates an alarm in response to an instruction from the control device 50. The specific configuration of the alarm device 40 is not particularly limited as long as it has such a function.
For example, an alarm lamp that emits light, a speaker that emits voice, a display that displays characters, or a combination thereof can be used as an alarm. In this embodiment, an alarm lamp is used as an example of the alarm device 40.

The control device 50 includes a microcomputer having a CPU 51 that executes various control processes and a storage unit 52 that stores programs, data, and the like used for the operation of the CPU 51. As the storage unit 52, for example, a ROM, a RAM, or the like can be used. The control device 50 has a function as an integrated control device that integrally controls the operation of the engine system 1 by controlling the fuel injection timing, the fuel injection amount, and the like of the engine 5.

Further, the control device 50 according to the present embodiment also has a function as an abnormality determination device 100 of the turbocharger 10 by executing a control process (referred to as "abnormality determination process") for determining an abnormality of the turbocharger 10. are doing.

Subsequently, the abnormality determination process of the control device 50 will be described. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a flowchart of the abnormality determination process. The control device 50 executes the flowchart of FIG. 2 at the same time as, for example, starting the engine 5. In addition, each step of the flowchart of FIG. 2 is executed by the CPU 51 specifically of the control device 50.

First, the control device 50 acquires the vibration value (Vs) of at least one of the turbine housing 16 and the compressor housing 17 based on the detection result of the vibration sensor 30 (step S10).

Specifically, as described above, since the vibration sensor 30 according to the present embodiment is a voltage output type vibration sensor that detects the degree of vibration of the turbine housing 16, the control device 50 is a voltage output type vibration sensor. By acquiring the detection result, the vibration value of the turbine housing 16 (specifically, the voltage value according to the degree of vibration of the turbine housing 16) is acquired.

If a frequency output type vibration sensor is used as the vibration sensor 30, the control device 50 may convert the frequency output by the vibration sensor 30 into a voltage and acquire the converted voltage value. Further, when the output voltage value of the vibration sensor 30 is very small due to the influence of the voltage drop, the control device 50 may acquire an amplified output voltage of the vibration sensor 30 by using an amplification amplifier or the like. Good.

Next, the control device 50 determines whether or not the state in which the vibration value acquired in step S10 is equal to or higher than the preset reference value (Vref) has reached the preset predetermined time or longer (step S20). The details of this step S20 are as follows.

First, the reference value (Vref) of the vibration value will be described. As the reference value, for example, when the vibration value of the turbine housing 16 becomes equal to or higher than this reference value, a value that is considered to have caused some abnormal vibration (abnormal vibration) in the turbocharger 10 can be used. .. To give an example of this reference value (Vref), for example, only a predetermined value is higher than the vibration value (output voltage of the vibration sensor 30) of the turbine housing 16 in the normal state (that is, when no abnormality has occurred in the turbocharger 10). It is considered that a high value may be set as a reference value.

Since this reference value can be different depending on the capacity of the turbocharger 10 and the like, an appropriate value should be obtained in advance according to the capacity and the like of the turbocharger 10 and stored in the storage unit 52. Just do it.

Further, the predetermined time in step S20 is provided so that when momentary vibration other than abnormal vibration occurs in the turbine housing 16, it is not mistakenly determined as an abnormality of the turbocharger 10. .. Therefore, as this predetermined time, a time considered to be not a momentary time may be obtained in advance and stored in the storage unit 52. As an example of the predetermined time, a time of about 5 seconds can be mentioned.

If NO is determined in step S20, the control device 50 executes step S10 again. That is, step S20 is repeatedly executed until it is determined to be YES.

If YES is determined in step S20 (that is, when the state in which the vibration value is equal to or higher than the reference value becomes longer than a predetermined time), the control device 50 determines that an abnormality has occurred in the turbocharger 10 (step). S30). Specifically, the control device 50 determines that an abnormality has occurred in the turbocharger 10, particularly the turbine 11, the compressor 12, and the shaft 13 (hereinafter, these are collectively referred to as “rotating parts”).

Next, the control device 50 executes at least one of an alarm generation process for generating an alarm in the alarm device 40 and an engine output reduction process for reducing the output of the engine 5 (step S40). As an example of this, the control device 50 according to the present embodiment executes both an alarm generation process and an engine output reduction process.

Specifically, the control device 50 turns on an alarm lamp as an example of the alarm device 40 in the alarm generation process. As a result, the user can know that the turbocharger 10 has an abnormality. Further, the control device 50 lowers the output (specifically, the number of revolutions) of the engine 5 in the engine output lowering process than before the step S40 is executed.

Further, the control device 50 reduces the output of the engine 5 until it becomes equal to or lower than a predetermined reference output (specifically, the reference rotation speed) in the engine output reduction process. The control device 50 may stop the engine 5, for example, in order to reduce the output of the engine 5. After step S40, the control device 50 ends the execution of the flowchart.

The CPU 51 of the control device 50 that executes step S10 corresponds to a member having a function as a "vibration value acquisition unit" of the present invention. The CPU 51 of the control device 50 that executes steps S30 and S40 corresponds to a member having a function as an "abnormality determination unit" of the present invention.

Subsequently, the action and effect of this embodiment will be described. First, according to the present embodiment, when some abnormality occurs in the turbocharger 10 and the turbine housing 16 vibrates abnormally, the vibration value of the turbine housing 16 is equal to or higher than the reference value for a predetermined time or longer. When this happens, it can be determined that an abnormality has occurred in the turbocharger 10 (step S30). Specifically, it can be determined that an abnormality has occurred in the rotating portion of the turbocharger 10. As a result, the abnormality of the turbocharger 10 is determined while suppressing an erroneous determination that an abnormality has occurred in the turbocharger 10 when a momentary vibration other than the abnormal vibration occurs in the turbine housing 16. can do. Therefore, the abnormality of the turbocharger 10 can be appropriately determined.

Further, according to the present embodiment, an alarm is generated when it is determined that an abnormality has occurred in the turbocharger 10 (step S40), so that the user is appropriately notified that an abnormality has occurred in the turbocharger 10. Can be done. As a result, the user can quickly grasp that an abnormality has occurred in the turbocharger 10. As a result, the user can perform appropriate processing such as requesting repair to a repair shop. As a result, the repair is performed before a more serious failure occurs, and as a result, the repair cost can be reduced.

Further, according to the present embodiment, when it is determined that an abnormality has occurred in the turbocharger 10, the output of the engine 5 is reduced (step S40), so that the engine 5 can be appropriately controlled. Specifically, it is possible to prevent the engine 5 from operating at a high output in a state where abnormal vibration occurs in the turbocharger 10. As a result, it is possible to prevent the engine 5 from being secondarily damaged, so that the repair cost can be reduced. In addition, safety can be ensured.

When the vibration sensor 30 is not located in the turbine housing 16 but in a location where the degree of vibration of the compressor housing 17 can be detected, the control device 50 in step S10 of FIG. 2 determines the vibration of the compressor housing 17. The vibration value indicating the degree will be acquired. Then, the control device 50 determines that an abnormality has occurred in the turbocharger 10 when the vibration value of the compressor housing 17 is equal to or higher than the reference value for a predetermined time or longer (YES in step S20). (Step S30).

According to this configuration, the turbocharger 10 suppresses an erroneous determination that an abnormality has occurred in the turbocharger 10 when a momentary vibration other than an abnormal vibration occurs in the compressor housing 17. Abnormality can be determined. Even in this case, the abnormality of the turbocharger 10 can be appropriately determined.

Alternatively, when the vibration sensor 30 is arranged in both the turbine housing 16 and the compressor housing 17, in step S10, the control device 50 determines the vibration value (referred to as the first vibration value) of the turbine housing 16 and the compressor housing. Both of the vibration values of 17 (referred to as the second vibration value) may be acquired. Then, in step S20, when the control device 50 is in a state where one of the first vibration value and the second vibration value acquired in step S10 is equal to or higher than the reference value (Vref) for a predetermined time or longer. In addition, it may be determined that YES and step S30 may be executed.

Specific examples of abnormal vibration of the turbine housing 16 and the compressor housing 17 and specific examples of secondary damage to the engine 5 include the following.

In the turbocharger 10, it is conceivable that a part of the turbine blade (that is, a part of the turbine 11) may be lost because the turbine blade portion of the turbine 11 resonates at a high rotation speed. When a part of the turbine 11 is lost in this way, the weight balance between the turbine side and the compressor side is lost. When the turbine 11 rotates in this state, the turbine housing 16 and the compressor housing 17 vibrate more than usual (that is, abnormally vibrate). Then, when this abnormal vibration is transmitted to the engine 5 and the engine 5 rotates at a high output in this state, there is a possibility that secondary damage such as damage to the fuel pipe of the engine 5 due to a large vibration may occur.

Regarding this, according to the present embodiment, even if the turbine housing 16 vibrates abnormally due to the imbalance of weight between the turbine side and the compressor side, the turbocharger 10 has an abnormality in step S30. In addition to being able to determine that it has occurred, in step S40, it is possible to notify the user of the abnormality and reduce the output of the engine 5. As a result, it is possible to suppress secondary damage to the engine 5 due to the rotation of the turbocharger 10 in a state where the weight balance between the turbine side and the compressor side is lost.

Further, when a part of the turbine 11 is lost, the turbine housing 16 tends to cause abnormal vibration earlier than the compressor housing 17. Therefore, it is preferable that the vibration sensor 30 is arranged at least at a position where the degree of vibration of the turbine housing 16 can be detected, and the control device 50 is at least the vibration value of the turbine housing 16 in step S10 of FIG. It is preferable to obtain.

According to this configuration, abnormal vibration caused by a partial loss of the turbine 11 can be quickly detected, so that an abnormality of the turbocharger 10 caused by a partial loss of the turbine 11 (for example, the turbine 11) can be detected. It is possible to quickly determine (abnormality that a part of the turbine is missing). As a result, it is possible to more appropriately determine the abnormality of the turbocharger 10 due to the partial defect of the turbine 11.

Further, in this case, the vibration value of the turbine housing 16 generated when a part of the turbine 11 is lost is obtained by conducting an experiment, a simulation, or the like in advance, and a value equal to or higher than this vibration value is set in step S20 of FIG. It is preferable to set it as a reference value (Vref). According to this configuration, it is possible to more accurately determine the abnormality of the turbocharger 10 caused by the loss of a part of the turbine 11. Thereby, the abnormality of the turbocharger 10 due to the partial defect of the turbine 11 can be appropriately determined.

(Embodiment 2)
The control device 50a according to the present embodiment (this reference numeral is shown in parentheses in FIG. 1) performs step S40 without executing step S30 after determining YES in step S20 in the flowchart of FIG. It differs from the control device 50 of the first embodiment in that it is executed.

That is, the control device 50a according to the present embodiment acquires a vibration value indicating the degree of vibration of at least one of the turbine housing 16 and the compressor housing 17 (step S10), and the acquired vibration value is a preset reference. At least one of the alarm generation process for generating an alarm and the engine output reduction process for reducing the output of the engine 5 when the state of being equal to or higher than the value exceeds a preset predetermined time (YES in step S20). Is executed (step S40).

In the present embodiment, the CPU 51 of the control device 50a that executes step S40 corresponds to a member having a function as a "control unit" of the present invention.

According to the present embodiment, when some abnormality occurs in the turbocharger 10 and the turbine housing 16 vibrates abnormally, a state in which the vibration value is equal to or higher than a preset reference value is set to a preset predetermined time or longer. Since the alarm generation process is executed when the value becomes high, it is possible to appropriately notify the user that an abnormality has occurred in the turbocharger 10.

Further, according to the present embodiment, when some abnormality occurs in the turbocharger 10 and the turbine housing 16 vibrates abnormally, a predetermined state in which the vibration value is equal to or higher than a preset reference value is preset. Since the engine output reduction process is executed when the time exceeds the time, the engine 5 can be appropriately controlled.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to such specific embodiments, and various modifications and modifications are made within the scope of the gist of the present invention described in the claims. Is possible.

1 Engine system 5 Engine 10 Turbocharger 11 Turbine 12 Compressor 16 Turbine housing 17 Compressor housing 30 Vibration sensor 40 Alarm device 50, 50a Control device 51 CPU (vibration value acquisition unit, abnormality determination unit, control unit)
100 Turbocharger abnormality judgment device

Claims (3)

A turbine housing that houses a turbocharger turbine that supercharges intake air using the energy of the engine exhaust, a compressor housing that houses a compressor, and a vibration value acquisition unit that acquires the vibration value of at least the turbine housing .
Abnormality determination for determining that an abnormality has occurred in the turbocharger when the state in which the vibration value acquired by the vibration value acquisition unit is equal to or higher than a preset reference value exceeds a preset predetermined time. A turbocharger abnormality determination device equipped with a unit. The abnormality determination unit further executes at least one of an alarm generation process for generating an alarm and an engine output reduction process for reducing the engine output when it is determined that an abnormality has occurred in the turbocharger. Item 1. The turbocharger abnormality determination device according to item 1. A turbine housing that houses a turbocharger turbine that supercharges intake air using the energy of the engine exhaust, a compressor housing that houses a compressor, and a vibration value acquisition unit that acquires the vibration value of at least the turbine housing .
When the state in which the vibration value acquired by the vibration value acquisition unit is equal to or higher than the preset reference value becomes the preset predetermined time or longer, the alarm generation process for generating an alarm and the output of the engine are output. A control device including a control unit that executes at least one of engine output reduction processing for reducing the engine output.

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