JP6743795B2 - 電気加熱式触媒 - Google Patents
電気加熱式触媒 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6743795B2 JP6743795B2 JP2017190314A JP2017190314A JP6743795B2 JP 6743795 B2 JP6743795 B2 JP 6743795B2 JP 2017190314 A JP2017190314 A JP 2017190314A JP 2017190314 A JP2017190314 A JP 2017190314A JP 6743795 B2 JP6743795 B2 JP 6743795B2
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- electrically heated
- honeycomb substrate
- heated catalyst
- heating element
- resistance heating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/18—Carbon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/50—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their shape or configuration
- B01J35/56—Foraminous structures having flow-through passages or channels, e.g. grids or three-dimensional monoliths
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/02—Details
- H05B3/03—Electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
- H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2235/00—Indexing scheme associated with group B01J35/00, related to the analysis techniques used to determine the catalysts form or properties
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Description
上記ハニカム基材に形成されたカーボン電極(3)と、
上記ハニカム基材と上記カーボン電極とを接合する、金属ろう材からなる接合部(4)と、を有する、電気加熱式触媒(1)にある。
なお、特許請求の範囲及び課題を解決する手段に記載した括弧内の符号は、後述する実施形態に記載の具体的手段との対応関係を示すものであり、本発明の技術的範囲を限定するものではない。
電気加熱式触媒に係る実施形態について、図1〜図4を参照して説明する。なお、本明細書中の電気加熱式触媒は、ハニカム基材に触媒が担持された状態であっても、触媒が担持されていない状態(つまり、担体)であってもよい。電気加熱式触媒は、EHCといわれることがある。図1及び図2に例示されるように、電気加熱式触媒1は、ハニカム基材2とカーボン電極3と接合部4とを有する。
気孔率(%)=総気孔容積/(総気孔容積+1/ハニカム基材を構成する材料の真比重)×100
次に、ハニカム基材の材質として用いられるPTC抵抗発熱体の実施形態について図5を参照して説明する。なお、実施形態2以降において用いた符号のうち、既出の実施形態において用いた符号と同一のものは、特に示さない限り、既出の実施形態におけるものと同様の構成要素等を表す。
次に、カーボン電極を有していない電気加熱式触媒の比較形態について説明する。図6に例示されるように、本形態の電気加熱式触媒8は、カーボン電極を有していない。その代わりに、金属電極6等の電極が形成されている。その他は、上述の実施形態と同様の構成にすることができる。なお、図6は、ハニカム基材2と金属ろう材からなる接合部4との界面付近の拡大断面図であり、ハニカム基材2が例えば気孔率20%未満の比較的緻密な材料からなる場合を示す。
次に、多孔質のハニカム基材に対してカーボン電極以外の電極が形成された電気加熱式触媒の比較形態について説明する。図7に例示されるように、本形態の電気加熱式触媒9は、比較形態1と同様にカーボン電極を有しておらず、その代わりに、金属電極6などからなる電極が形成されている。その他は、上述の実施形態と同様の構成にすることができる。なお、図7は、ハニカム基材2と金属ろう材からなる接合部4との界面付近の拡大断面図であり、ハニカム基材2が例えば気孔率20%以上の比較的気孔率の高い材料からなる場合を示す。
2 ハニカム基材
3 カーボン電極
4 接合部
Claims (9)
- SiCよりも電気抵抗の小さい抵抗発熱体からなるハニカム基材(2)と、
上記ハニカム基材に形成されたカーボン電極(3)と、
上記ハニカム基材と上記カーボン電極とを接合する、金属ろう材からなる接合部(4)と、を有する、電気加熱式触媒(1)。 - 上記ハニカム基材の気孔率が20%未満である、請求項1に記載の電気加熱式触媒。
- 上記ハニカム基材がPTC抵抗発熱体(20)からなる、請求項1又は2に記載の電気加熱式触媒。
- 上記PTC抵抗発熱体がホウケイ酸塩を含むマトリックス(201)と、導電性フィラー(202)とを含有する、請求項3に記載の電気加熱式触媒。
- 上記ホウケイ酸塩がアルカリ金属原子及びアルカリ土類金属原子の少なくとも一方を含有する、請求項4に記載の電気加熱式触媒。
- 上記アルカリ金属原子及び上記アルカリ土類金属原子が、Na、Mg、K、Ca、Li、Be、Rb、Sr、Cs、Ba、Fr、および、Raからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種からなる、請求項5に記載の電気加熱式触媒。
- 上記PTC抵抗発熱体がさらに骨材(203)を含有する、請求項4〜6のいずれか1項に記載の電気加熱式触媒。
- 上記金属ろう材が少なくともAlを含有するFe合金からなる、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の電気加熱式触媒。
- 上記金属ろう材がFe−Si−Al系合金からなる、請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の電気加熱式触媒。
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JP2017190314A JP6743795B2 (ja) | 2017-09-29 | 2017-09-29 | 電気加熱式触媒 |
PCT/JP2018/034539 WO2019065378A1 (ja) | 2017-09-29 | 2018-09-19 | 電気加熱式触媒 |
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JP6743795B2 true JP6743795B2 (ja) | 2020-08-19 |
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JP7184707B2 (ja) * | 2019-06-18 | 2022-12-06 | 日本碍子株式会社 | ハニカム構造体、電気加熱式ハニカム構造体、電気加熱式担体及び排気ガス浄化装置 |
WO2021049075A1 (ja) * | 2019-09-11 | 2021-03-18 | 日本碍子株式会社 | ハニカム構造体及び排気ガス浄化装置 |
JP7261934B2 (ja) * | 2020-03-04 | 2023-04-20 | 日本碍子株式会社 | 電気加熱式担体及び排気ガス浄化装置 |
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JPH04354515A (ja) * | 1991-05-29 | 1992-12-08 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | 触媒装置 |
JPH05217663A (ja) * | 1992-01-31 | 1993-08-27 | Mitsui Mining Co Ltd | セラミック質発熱体およびその製造方法 |
JPH0790319A (ja) * | 1993-06-25 | 1995-04-04 | Tokai Konetsu Kogyo Co Ltd | ハニカム焼成体の製造方法 |
US6946013B2 (en) * | 2002-10-28 | 2005-09-20 | Geo2 Technologies, Inc. | Ceramic exhaust filter |
US7838461B2 (en) * | 2004-11-01 | 2010-11-23 | Asahi Kasei Kabushiki Kaisha | Catalyst for exhaust gas purification |
JP4290673B2 (ja) * | 2005-04-28 | 2009-07-08 | 株式会社ニデック | 眼鏡レンズ周縁加工方法 |
US7998423B2 (en) * | 2007-02-27 | 2011-08-16 | Basf Corporation | SCR on low thermal mass filter substrates |
CN101856621B (zh) * | 2009-04-10 | 2012-07-04 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | 用于氢气中选择氧化脱除co的整体式催化剂及其制备 |
JP5322055B2 (ja) * | 2009-08-18 | 2013-10-23 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | 多孔質発熱装置とその製造方法 |
CN106215945B (zh) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-10-30 | 上海净球环保科技有限公司 | 一种改性硅藻土及其制备方法和用途 |
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