JP6707827B2 - 成膜装置 - Google Patents
成膜装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6707827B2 JP6707827B2 JP2015190007A JP2015190007A JP6707827B2 JP 6707827 B2 JP6707827 B2 JP 6707827B2 JP 2015190007 A JP2015190007 A JP 2015190007A JP 2015190007 A JP2015190007 A JP 2015190007A JP 6707827 B2 JP6707827 B2 JP 6707827B2
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- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 284
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 258
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 32
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 25
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 20
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000231 atomic layer deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006298 dechlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002052 molecular layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002120 nanofilm Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
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- C23C16/45523—Pulsed gas flow or change of composition over time
- C23C16/45525—Atomic layer deposition [ALD]
- C23C16/45527—Atomic layer deposition [ALD] characterized by the ALD cycle, e.g. different flows or temperatures during half-reactions, unusual pulsing sequence, use of precursor mixtures or auxiliary reactants or activations
- C23C16/45534—Use of auxiliary reactants other than used for contributing to the composition of the main film, e.g. catalysts, activators or scavengers
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- C23C16/45523—Pulsed gas flow or change of composition over time
- C23C16/45525—Atomic layer deposition [ALD]
- C23C16/45544—Atomic layer deposition [ALD] characterized by the apparatus
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- C23C16/46—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for heating the substrate
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
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- C23C16/52—Controlling or regulating the coating process
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Description
また従来同心円状の膜厚分布を得るために、成膜装置の処理容器の構造を変えるなどの装置構成を変更することにより行われている。しかしながら成膜後に適切な同心円状の膜厚分布は基板処理の膜質や工程により異なる。そのため装置構成の変更により同心円状の膜厚分布を調整する場合に、膜質や工程ごとにハードを最適化する必要があり、最適化に要する時間やコストが大きくなる。
また特許文献2には、ウエハを回転させないときの膜厚分布の勾配がウエハの径方向になるように調整し、ウエハを回転させて同心円状の膜厚分布を得る技術が記載されているが、本発明の課題を解決するものではない。
前記処理容器内に設けられ、基板を載置する載置部と、
前記載置部に載置された基板を、当該載置部の載置面から見て基板とは反対側から加熱する加熱部と、
前記載置部に載置された基板の後方側に設けられ、基板の表面に沿って当該表面全体に亘って当該基板の前方側に向かって流れると共に気流の幅方向のガス流量が揃うように成膜ガスを供給するガス供給部と、
前記成膜ガスを基板に供給しているときに当該基板と直交する軸の周りに回転させるための回転機構と、
前記載置部が停止している状態で見たときに、前記成膜ガスの流れ方向における基板上の膜の膜厚分布を調整できる膜厚調整部と、
前記基板の前方側に設けられた排気口と、を備え、
前記膜厚調整部は、前記基板に対向して設けられ、成膜ガスの流れ方向における成膜ガスの濃度分布を調整するために、成膜ガスの気流に濃度調整用ガスを供給する濃度調整用ガス供給部であり、
前記濃度調整用ガス供給部は、濃度調整用ガスである希釈ガスを吐出する各々前記気流の幅方向に伸びるスリット状に構成されたガス吐出口を前記気流の流れる方向に複数設けて構成され、前記ガス吐出口に連通し、前記ガス吐出口から吐出するガスを前記気流の幅方向で揃えるための、前記気流の幅方向に伸びるバッファ室を備えたことを特徴とする。
第1の実施の形態に係る成膜装置として、原料ガスと反応ガスとを交互に基板に供給して原子層あるいは分子層を積層して成膜を行ういわゆるALD(Atomic Layer Deposition)法を実施する成膜装置について説明する。図1に示すように成膜装置は、基板であるウエハWに成膜処理が行われる真空容器である処理容器1を備えている。処理容器1は、上方に開口する円筒部位である下方側部分11と、この下方側部分11の上部を囲むように下方側部分に連設された角筒状の上方側部分12とを備えている。下方側部分11の内方側空間と上方側部分の内方側部分とは連通し、上方側部分12の内方側空間は、成膜処理を行う処理空間を構成している。下方側部分11における側壁面には、ウエハWを搬入出するための搬入出口13と、この搬入出口13を開閉するゲートバルブ14とが設けられている。
希釈ガス供給路50は、左右方向(成膜ガスのガス流の幅方向)に伸びるように形成されており、各希釈ガス供給口5から載置台2に載置されたウエハWの上面に向けて希釈ガスが幅方向(左右方向)で流量が揃った状態で供給されるように構成されている。
各希釈ガス供給路50の上側(上流側)には図1、3に示すように希釈ガスの流れの幅方向(左右方向)に伸びる角筒状のバッファ室5aが形成されている。バッファ室5aの上方側には、バッファ室の天井面の中央部を貫通する連通路5bが設けられ、各連通路5bの上端は、処理容器1の上方に開口している。各連通路5bの上端には、各々希釈ガス供給管51が接続され、希釈ガス供給管51の上流側端部には、各々希釈ガス供給源52が設けられている。各希釈ガス供給管51には、上流側から流量調整部53と、バルブ54とが設けられている。流量調整部53及びバルブ54は、希釈ガス調整部55に相当する。
従って希釈ガス調整部55により希釈ガスの流量を調整することにより、成膜ガスの濃度分布を調整することができ、ウエハWに成膜される膜の膜厚を調整することができる。従って希釈ガス調整部55は、膜厚調整部に相当する。
従ってウエハW上の薄膜の膜厚分布は同心円状になり、希釈ガス供給口5から供給する希釈ガスの量を調整して、成膜ガスの流れ方向における濃度分布を調整することで、同心円状の膜厚分布を調整することができる。更に成膜ガスの流れの方向で成膜ガスの濃度を連続的に変化させているため、気流の乱れの影響を受けにくく、成膜ガスの濃度分布が安定するため、成膜される薄膜について予定している膜厚分布を安定して得ることができる。そしてエッチング装置の面内傾向に対応した膜厚分布を得ることで、エッチング処理後の面内均一性が良好になる。
ウエハWが静止しているとして、成膜ガスの流れ方向で見た膜厚分布を調整する手法として、流れ方向における成膜ガスの濃度分布を調整することに限定されるものではない。例えばウエハWの加熱温度の分布を変化させて成膜ガスの流れの方向における成膜速度を変化させる成膜装置であってもよい。第2の実施の形態はこのような手法であり、例えば、図8に示すような成膜装置が用いられる。この成膜装置の構成について述べると、載置台2の内部空間に円板状の加熱板200を載置台2の内面から離間した状態で設ける。また軸部23の内部に中心軸201を軸部の内面から離間した状態で設ける。そして加熱板200を中心軸201を介して昇降板24に固定する。加熱板200の内部には、図9に示すように成膜ガスの流れる方向に対して直交する方向、即ち幅方向に伸びる温度調整部をなす棒状のヒータ202が成膜ガスの流れる方向に並べて埋設されている。各ヒータ202は電力供給部205により互いに独立して温度を調整できるように構成されている。なお図8中では、電力供給部205は一部省略して記載した。
続いて第3の実施の形態に係る成膜装置について説明する。この成膜装置は、図10に示すように載置台2の上方に対向面部をなす天板部8を設ける。そして天板部8をウエハWの中心部の上方に左右方向(成膜ガスの流れの幅方向)に伸びる中心軸80を中心に回転し、傾斜を変更できるように構成する。ウエハWの表面を流れる成膜ガスの流速はウエハWの表面と、天板部との高さ寸法が長いと遅くなり、高さ寸法が短いと速くなる。そして成膜ガスの流速が速い領域は、成膜速度が遅くなり、成膜ガスの流速が遅い領域は、成膜速度が速くなる。また気流の乱れを懸念する場合には、天板部8を成膜ガス吐出部4の上方まで伸ばせばよい。従って、この状態でウエハWを回転させることでウエハWに成膜される同心円の膜厚分布を調整することができる。
第4の実施の形態に係る成膜装置について説明する。図11に示すようにウエハWの上方に棒状のヒータ9を成膜ガスの流れる方向に対して、幅方向に伸び、成膜ガスの流れる方向に並ぶように載置部2と対向する対向面部である天板部90に埋設する。そして例えば下流側のヒータ9を高い温度に設定し、上流側のヒータ9ほど低い温度に設定する。
[実施例1]
300mmウエハの表面に向けて水平方向から成膜ガスを供給し、ウエハWを停止した状態で成膜処理を行った時に成膜される膜の膜厚分布が、成膜ガスの流れの上流側から下流側に向けて直線的に減少するように設定した場合において、ウエハWを回転させて成膜したときのウエハの表面の膜の膜厚分布をシミュレーションにより求めた。
[実施例2]
ウエハWを停止した状態で成膜処理を行った時に成膜される膜の膜厚分布が、成膜ガスの流れの上流側では緩やかに減少し、下流側で大きく減少するように設定したことを除いて実施例1と同様に処理を行った。
[実施例3]
ウエハWを停止した状態で成膜処理を行った時に成膜される膜の膜厚分布が、成膜ガスの流れの上流側では大きく減少し、下流側で緩やかに減少するように設定したことを除いて実施例1と同様に処理を行った。
また図16は実施例2において設定したウエハWを回転させないで成膜を行った場合における膜厚分布を示し、図17は実施例2において成膜される膜についての、横軸にウエハWの直径における中心部からの距離、縦軸に膜厚を示した特性図である。
さらに図18は実施例3において設定したウエハWを回転させないで成膜を行った場合における膜厚分布を示し、図19は実施例1において成膜される膜についての、横軸にウエハWの直径における中心部からの距離、縦軸に膜厚を示した特性図である。
2 載置台
21 加熱部
4 成膜ガス吐出部
5 希釈ガス供給口
20 回転機構
25 モータ
27 ベルト
31 排気溝
55 希釈ガス調整部
Claims (4)
- 真空雰囲気を形成する処理容器と、
前記処理容器内に設けられ、基板を載置する載置部と、
前記載置部に載置された基板を、当該載置部の載置面から見て基板とは反対側から加熱する加熱部と、
前記載置部に載置された基板の後方側に設けられ、基板の表面に沿って当該表面全体に亘って当該基板の前方側に向かって流れると共に気流の幅方向のガス流量が揃うように成膜ガスを供給するガス供給部と、
前記成膜ガスを基板に供給しているときに当該基板と直交する軸の周りに回転させるための回転機構と、
前記載置部が停止している状態で見たときに、前記成膜ガスの流れ方向における基板上の膜の膜厚分布を調整できる膜厚調整部と、
前記基板の前方側に設けられた排気口と、を備え、
前記膜厚調整部は、前記基板に対向して設けられ、成膜ガスの流れ方向における成膜ガスの濃度分布を調整するために、成膜ガスの気流に濃度調整用ガスを供給する濃度調整用ガス供給部であり、
前記濃度調整用ガス供給部は、濃度調整用ガスである希釈ガスを吐出する各々前記気流の幅方向に伸びるスリット状に構成されたガス吐出口を前記気流の流れる方向に複数設けて構成され、前記ガス吐出口に連通し、前記ガス吐出口から吐出するガスを前記気流の幅方向で揃えるための、前記気流の幅方向に伸びるバッファ室を備えたことを特徴とする成膜装置。 - 前記複数のガス吐出口の各々から吐出する希釈ガスの流量を夫々個別に調整する流量調整部を備えたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の成膜装置。
- 前記ガス供給部は、前記気流の幅方向に伸びるスリット状に構成された成膜ガス吐出口を備えることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の成膜装置。
- 前記排気口は、前記気流の幅方向に伸びるように開口することを特徴とする請求項1ないし3のいずれか一項に記載の成膜装置。
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