JP6673441B2 - Cultivation facility - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention belongs to the technical field of a cultivation facility provided with a nutrient solution supply device.

  2. Description of the Related Art In a nutrient solution supply device that supplies a nutrient solution to a cultivation bed such as a cultivation bed, there is known a configuration including a liquid supply control unit that controls a fertilizer concentration and a supply amount of the nutrient solution according to the solar radiation intensity (Patent Reference 1).

JP-A-5-53457

  An object of the present invention is to provide a cultivation facility capable of appropriately comparing environmental information such as temperature and humidity in a cultivation room.

  In order to solve the above problems, the following technical measures were taken.

That is, the invention according to claim 1 is:
In the cultivation room (1), a large number of rows of cultivation beds (5) are arranged, and a nutrient solution is supplied from the nutrient solution supply device (7) to each cultivation bed (5),
Between the cultivation beds (5), there is provided a passage (9) through which the working vehicle (3) can travel,
The predetermined position in the culture chamber (1) provided with a temperature sensor or compartment humidity sensor measures the ambient temperature or humidity due to time change, temperature sensor or humidity sensor is mounted on a work transport vehicle (3) based on the measurement result Control that corrects the temperature or humidity of each place measured in the above, compares the temperature or humidity of each place assumed at the same time obtained by the correction, and determines the temperature or humidity unevenness in the cultivation room (1). A cultivation facility characterized by comprising a part (26) .

The invention according to claim 2 is
The work mobile vehicle (3) automatically travels between the cultivation beds (5) at night, photographs the plant at a plurality of photographing positions preset by a camera, and measures the size of the plant based on photographed images at each photographing position. The cultivation facility according to claim 1, further comprising an automatic traveling mode for recording data.

The invention according to claim 3 is:
In order to determine the growth amount of the plant by comparing the measured data of the plant of the previous day and the measured data of the plant of the day from the photographed image at the photographing position and record the measured data of the plant, the photograph is taken with a camera. The cultivation facility according to claim 2, wherein

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the environmental information of each place can be compared appropriately, and appropriate cultivation control (environment control), such as local heating control, local humidification control, and local nutrient solution supply control, for example, can be performed.

  According to the second aspect of the invention, in the daytime cultivation management work, while environmental information of each place can be properly compared, at the nighttime, measurement at each shooting position where the vehicle is automatically driven to shoot the plant is performed. Data can be recorded.

  According to the invention of claim 3, the growth amount of the plant can be determined.

Top view showing cultivation facilities Front view showing the attraction wire and the attraction string Side view showing the cultivation state with the attraction wire and the attraction string Front view showing the distribution cultivation state Side view showing a working vehicle Diagram showing the nutrient solution transfer system of the nutrient solution supply device for easy understanding Plan view showing configuration of rainwater recovery device etc. Side view showing the configuration of the curtain opening / closing device for easy understanding Diagram showing the structure of the curtain in an easy-to-understand manner Sectional front view showing a cultivation bed and a heat insulator Diagram showing liquid supply tube (A: diagram showing connection state, B: diagram showing connection duct supporting state) Diagram showing the carbon dioxide gas supply device for easy understanding Diagram showing snow melting equipment in an easy-to-understand manner Diagram showing power generators in an easy-to-understand manner Diagram showing different power generators for easy understanding (A: summer, B: winter)

  One embodiment of the present invention will be described below.

FIG. 1 shows an example of a cultivation facility. The cultivation facility includes a cultivation room 1 that is a greenhouse in which indoor environments such as temperature and humidity are controlled by a heater, a humidifier, and the like. And a shipping room 2. In the center of the cultivation room 1, there is provided a main passage 4 through which a worker or a work moving vehicle (working vehicle) 3 or a control work vehicle can pass, and the main passage 4 is made of concrete whose road surface is made of concrete. It is a passage. A cultivation space 6 for cultivating a crop having a large number of rows of cultivation beds 5 serving as cultivation units is formed at lateral positions on both sides of the main passage 4. The cultivation bed 5 is a cultivation floor formed of rock wool serving as a culture medium, and has a configuration in which a nutrient solution is supplied to each cultivation bed 5 from a nutrient solution supply device 7 in the shipping room 2. Further, at both ends of the main passage 4, an entrance 8 to the cultivation room 1 provided with an opening / closing door is provided, and it is configured to be able to go to the adjacent shipping room 2 through one entrance 8. In addition, the other entrance 8 is configured to be able to enter and exit from outside the cultivation facility. Then, the work mobile vehicle is moved from the main passage 4 to the sub-passage 9 between the respective cultivation units (cultivation beds 5), and the work mobile vehicle 3 is moved along the cultivation unit (cultivation bed 5) in the sub-passage 9. Various operations can be performed on plants to be cultivated. The sub passage 9 is a passage formed in the front-rear direction between the left and right of each cultivation unit (cultivation bed 5). The work vehicle 3 travels on the left and right heating pipes 37 for heating the entire greenhouse laid on the sub-passage 9 as traveling rails.

  The shipping room 2 includes the above-described nutrient solution supply device 7 and a sorting device 10 for sorting harvested products (fruits) such as tomatoes by weight, size, or grade. The sorting device 10 is a pre-processing device that processes the cultivated crop before shipping. The sorting apparatus 10 is provided with a sorting conveyor 11 for transporting and sorting the crops, and a harvest storage unit 12 for each class provided on both sides of the sorting conveyor 11. The harvested products are supplied to the respective harvested containers 12 and sorted into each class. The sorting conveyor 11 is configured to be bent in an L shape in plan view. Further, a storage box for storing the harvested product may be provided in each harvested storage unit 12, and the harvested product may be shipped for each storage box.

  On the upper side of the cultivation unit (cultivation bed 5), two attracting wires 80 are provided on the left and right for each cultivation unit. A plurality of cultivated strains of the plants cultivated in the cultivation unit are configured to be alternately distributed and attracted by the left and right inducing wires 80, and the inducing strings 81 hanging from the inducing wires 80 via the attraction hooks 93. Be attracted. In addition, the attraction hook 93 is configured to be hung on the attraction wire 80, and has a well-known configuration in which the wound attraction cord 81 is appropriately pulled out and hung downward. After the plant has grown to a predetermined height (near the attracting hook 80), the attracting string 81 is sequentially pulled out from the attracting hook 93 and the attracting string 81 is sequentially arranged in the arrangement direction of the plurality of cultivated strains (the cultivation bed 5). (Longitudinal direction) to reduce the height of the plant and continuously cultivate the plant. Therefore, for example, when cultivating a tomato, the stem of the tomato extends from the cultivation bed 5 along the attracting string 81. Therefore, in the cultivation unit (cultivation bed 5), two cultivation strips, that is, a pair of left and right cultivation strips are formed. In addition, in order for each cultivated plant (cultivated strain) to receive light efficiently, it is ideal that the interval between each cultivated plant (cultivated strain) is substantially equal over the entire cultivation room 1. The cultivated plant is located above the sub-passage 9 so as to protrude onto the sub-passage 9.

  On the sub-passage 9, the work mobile vehicle 3 is configured to move as needed by a worker according to the progress of the work, while the control vehicle is configured to automatically control while traveling automatically. . The pest control vehicle travels back and forth in the sub-passage 9, but depending on the required amount of pest control for the cultivated strip to be controlled, a one-way control state in which pest control is performed only during one-way travel in round-trip travel, and a pest control in reciprocating travel. The configuration is such that it can be switched between a reciprocating control state in which work is performed and a two-reciprocal control state in which the same sub-passage 9 is reciprocated twice and the control work is performed in the two reciprocating runs. Thus, it is possible to prevent an adverse effect on cultivated plants due to unnecessary control, and to improve the control effect in cultivation strips having a high degree of occurrence of pests.

  The work moving vehicle (working vehicle) 3 includes four running wheels 106 in front, rear, left and right, an elevating platform 107 on which an operator can move, and an electric motor serving as a drive source for driving the traveling wheels 106 and the elevating platform 107. The operator rides on the elevating platform 107, travels by the traveling wheels 106, moves to a desired position, and raises and lowers the elevating platform 107 to a desired height. This is a well-known configuration for performing such operations. The traveling wheel 106 is formed integrally with a large-diameter portion disposed on the outer side in the left-right direction of the fuselage and a small-diameter portion disposed on the inner side in the left-right direction of the fuselage. To the heating pipe 37. When the foot switch 108 serving as a starting operation tool on the elevating platform 107 is depressed and operated with a foot, the electric motor is driven to start and run. Then, the total number of times that the foot switch 108 is operated is counted and stored in the work vehicle control unit (control controller) 109 provided in the work vehicle 3. When the total number exceeds the set number, the work vehicle control unit 109 starts. The warning lamp 110 serving as a warning means is turned on by the output of. Thereby, the inspection accompanying the fatigue of the transmission system (the axle of the traveling wheel 106) is prompted at an appropriate time on the basis of the number of times that the transmission system to the traveling wheel 106 (particularly, the axle of the traveling wheel 106) is strongly loaded at the start. Maintenance such as replacement can be performed at an appropriate time for the transmission member (particularly, the axle of the traveling wheel 106).

  Further, the work moving vehicle 3 or the pest control work vehicle can be provided with a camera for photographing the cultivated plant from the sub passage 9. The camera automatically detects mature fruits in each cultivated strain while running the work mobile vehicle 3 or the control work vehicle. Image data captured by the camera is wirelessly transmitted to the control unit (controller) 26, and a mature fruit is detected by a fruit determination device in the control unit (controller) 26. For example, when the fruit is a tomato, the fruit becomes red as it matures. Therefore, the fruit discriminating device processes the image taken by the camera and discriminates the color to detect the mature fruit. Note that, in addition to color discrimination, mature fruit may be discriminated based on shape, size, and the like. In addition, the position information of the work mobile vehicle 3 or the control work vehicle is wirelessly transmitted to the control unit (controller) 26 together with the image data to recognize which cultivated strain in the cultivation room 1 is the image. . The position information can be obtained by a GPS transmitter provided in the work vehicle 3 or the control work vehicle. Thereby, the number of mature fruits for each cultivated strain is counted. Then, the control unit 26 calculates the total number of mature fruits for each cultivation strip and the total number of mature fruits in the entire cultivation room 1 from the number of mature fruits for each cultivation strain, and calculates the mature fruit from the total number of these mature fruits. Set the workers to harvest. The setting of the workers will be described in detail. The work capabilities (work speed, work efficiency: for example, the number of harvested mature fruits per unit time, etc.) of a plurality of workers are input to the control unit 26 in advance. From the total number of mature fruits in the entire cultivation room 1, the number of temporary harvests of each worker is calculated according to the work ability. Then, based on the calculated number of temporary harvests, the workers are allocated in order from the cultivation strip at the end of the cultivation room 1, and the work area of each worker is set. At this time, the workers are set for each cultivation line so that the work areas of a plurality of workers do not span the same cultivation line.

  Further, if the work vehicle 3 is provided with a radioactivity measuring device, for example, it is possible to detect the contamination state (radiation concentration) due to the radioactivity at various places in the cultivation room 1 while running the work vehicle 3 unmanned. it can. In addition, the contamination state can be immediately recognized by the work mobile vehicle 3, which is frequently used in normal work and the like, and measures such as stopping the shipment of crops and stopping the work by workers can be performed immediately. Damage can be suppressed.

  The work moving vehicle 3 is equipped with a working machine such as an automatic leaf cutting machine for automatically performing leaf chipping work or an automatic harvesting machine for automatically performing fruit harvesting work. It is good also as composition which can perform the operation of. In addition, it is possible to adopt a configuration in which an operator boarding the work mobile vehicle 3 visually recognizes the positions of the leaves and fruits of the plant and operates the work machine to perform the work. Then, the working machine may be configured to perform a leaf chipping operation or a harvesting operation. This makes it possible to perform various operations related to cultivation by sharing the work mobile vehicle 3 by switching the work machine mounted on the work mobile vehicle 3 to various types. In addition, in consideration of work efficiency, a configuration may be adopted in which the traveling speed of the work mobile vehicle 3 can be set to be higher than that during normal management work when the work machine is attached (during work).

  Further, the work mobile vehicle 3 is provided with a plant diagnostic device for diagnosing the growth state of the plant, and a cultivation auxiliary device such as a light supplement device for irradiating the plant with light and an auxiliary heating device for supplying warm air to the plant. You can also. Then, for example, during the night when the cultivation management work is not performed by the worker, the work mobile vehicle 3 is automatically run, and the plant diagnostic device diagnoses the plant cultivation unevenness (a place where the growing condition is bad). Thus, the cultivation assistance device can be automatically operated to assist cultivation. At this time, it is desirable to connect an electric wiring for supplying electric power from the power supply in the facility to the work mobile vehicle 3 in order to cope with long-time driving at night. As described above, the work mobile vehicle 3 can be used for both the daytime cultivation management operation and the nighttime plant diagnosis and cultivation auxiliary operation. Can be reduced, the number of work vehicles 3 in the facility can be reduced, and costs can be reduced.

  As an example of a plant diagnostic device, a plant measuring device configured to measure the size of a plant photographed from a side of the plant by a camera is configured. As a method of measuring the size of a plant by the plant measuring device, there is a method of measuring the color of a photographed image and measuring the plant based on a plant portion in the photographed image. As an example, there is a method of measuring a plant part using a chlorophyll fluorescence image. In order to obtain a chlorophyll fluorescence image, blue light is required. The illuminating device that emits blue light can also be used as an illuminating device provided for supplementary light in the cultivation room 1 in addition to the method of mounting the illuminating device on the work vehicle 3. In addition, when using the lighting device for supplementary light in the cultivation room 1, the lighting device may be made to emit light only in a portion where the plant diagnostic device (the work vehicle 3) is located.

  In addition, a position recognition device that recognizes the position of the work vehicle 3 in the cultivation room 1 using a GPS device or the like is provided. Then, while the work mobile vehicle 3 is automatically running at night, images are taken by a camera at a plurality of preset photographing positions in the cultivation room 1 to acquire measurement data of the size of the plant. Photographing is performed overnight at all photographing positions, and measurement data at each photographing position is acquired and recorded every day. In addition, the imaging | photography area | region by a camera is a predetermined | prescribed fixed height area | region, and the width | variety in the arrangement | sequence direction of the cultivation stock (longitudinal direction of the cultivation bed 5) is the same (or may be substantially the same) between the cultivation stocks. Is set to

  Then, when the measurement data value of the current day is larger than or the same as the measurement data value of the previous day, the growth amount of the plant is determined by the control unit 26 based on the increase amount of the measurement data value. judge. On the other hand, when the measurement data value of the current day is smaller than the measurement data value of the previous day, the growth amount of the plant is not determined based on the decreased amount of the reduced measurement data value, and the next day is larger than the measurement data value of the current day. When the measured data value increases or is the same, the growth amount of the plant is determined based on the increase amount of the measured data value. Therefore, the control unit 26 includes a growth amount determination device that performs control for determining the growth amount of the plant.

  In other words, by lowering the position of the plant by lowering the attraction string with the growth of the plant, the amount of the plant in the measurement area decreases, and when the measurement data value of the current day is smaller than the measurement data value of the previous day, On the day, the measurement data value is updated as a reference value without determining the growth amount of the plant, and the growth amount of the plant is determined on the following day or later based on the reference value. In addition, each plant in a plurality of cultivated strains grows up to the vicinity of the attracting wire 80, but the interval between the plurality of plants is set to be the same as that between the strains, and good cultivation is performed while maintaining the desired lighting and ventilation. By pulling down the attracting string and moving the cultivation strains in the arrangement direction (longitudinal direction of the cultivation bed 5), a plurality of plants for each cultivation strain arranged are in the same direction (longitudinal direction of the cultivation bed 5). In the state where at least one plant enters the measurement area and one plant partially enters the measurement area, the neighboring plants partially correspond to the measurement area. Inside, and consequently one plant enters the measurement area. Therefore, regardless of the movement of the plant cultivation strain in the arrangement direction (longitudinal direction of the cultivation bed 5) due to the lowering of the attraction string, it is possible to measure the plants of one cultivation strain.

  Then, for example, when the growth amount of the plant is higher than the desired growth amount, the control unit 26 may reduce the amount of the nutrient solution supplied by the nutrient solution supply device 7 or may decrease the amount of the nutrient solution supplied by the nutrient solution supply device 7. The water stress can be given by increasing the concentration of the fertilizer or reducing the humidity in the cultivation room 1. In addition, the growth of the plants can be suppressed by lowering the temperature near the plants and the temperature of the entire cultivation room 1 by a heating device such as a heating pipe 37 for heating the entire greenhouse. In this way, the growth of the cultivated fruit can be increased while controlling the growth amount of the plant while suppressing the length of the plant. On the other hand, when the growth amount of the plant is lower than the desired growth amount, the nutrient solution supplied by the nutrient solution supply device 7 is increased, or the fertilizer concentration of the nutrient solution supplied by the nutrient solution supply device 7 is increased to a high concentration. And water stress can be reduced. In addition, the temperature of the vicinity of the plant and the temperature of the entire cultivation room 1 can be increased by a heating device such as a heating pipe 37 for heating the entire greenhouse to promote the growth of the plant. In this way, it is possible to control the growth amount to a desired value and increase the harvest amount of the cultivated fruit. Therefore, the determined growth amount of the plant can be applied to nutrient solution supply control and environmental control (temperature control, humidity control, and the like). In addition, when the attraction string is lowered, the growth amount of the plant is not determined. However, since the operation of lowering the attraction string is generally about once a week, it is not necessary to significantly affect the cultivation control. Conceivable.

  It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which a stoma behind a leaf of a plant is photographed by a camera, and the size of the stoma is determined by the control unit 26. On the other hand, a carbon dioxide supply device serving as a carbon dioxide supply unit for supplying carbon dioxide into the cultivation room 1 is provided, and when the control unit 26 determines that the captured image from the camera has large pores, the cultivation room 1 Regardless of the concentration of carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide is discharged from a carbon dioxide supply device described later. Thereby, when photosynthesis is active due to wide open pores, carbon dioxide can be supplied accurately, and wasteful supply of carbon dioxide can be reduced as compared with conventional carbon dioxide supply control based on carbon dioxide concentration.

  In addition, the plant growth balance can be diagnosed from the detection of the amount of growth and thickness of the stem of the plant by the plant diagnosis device, and a configuration can be adopted in which a local portion in the cultivation room 1 is heated in order to eliminate unevenness in the growth balance. . Specifically, for example, when the stem diameter of the plant is large, it is determined that the growth of the stem and leaves tends to be biased toward the vegetative growth in which the growth of the stem and leaves is vigorous with respect to the growth of the flowers and fruits. On the other hand, the temperature near the plant is locally increased by a local heating device that partially supplies hot water to the heating pipe 37 so that the reproductive growth in which flowers and fruits grow actively is active. Conversely, for example, when the stem diameter of a plant is small, it is determined that the reproductive growth tends to be biased. Therefore, the temperature near the plant is locally lowered so that vegetative growth becomes active. This local heating is effective if performed at night when the room temperature decreases, since a local temperature difference is likely to occur.

  In addition, an environment measuring device such as a temperature sensor or a humidity sensor is provided in the work mobile vehicle 3 to detect uneven temperature or uneven humidity in the cultivation room 1. Measuring the temperature or humidity at various places in the cultivation room 1 with one work moving vehicle 3 requires time for the work moving vehicle 3 to move, so that the position measured first and the position measured last are different. The measurement time differs greatly, and it is necessary to consider the change in temperature or humidity due to the change in time. Therefore, a room temperature sensor or a room humidity sensor fixedly provided at a predetermined position in the cultivation room 1 measures a change in the room temperature or the room humidity with a change in time, and various positions measured by the work vehicle 3 based on the measured values. If a control device is provided that corrects the temperature or humidity of the cultivation room 1 by comparing the temperature or the humidity of each place assumed at the same time obtained by the correction and comparing the temperature or the humidity in the cultivation room 1, Can be properly compared, and appropriate cultivation control (environment control) such as local heating control, local humidification control, and local nutrient solution supply control can be performed.

  As the heating device, in addition to the above-described heating pipe 37, a hot air heating device that generates hot air from a hot air duct can also be provided. The hot air duct has a flexible structure such as a cloth, is arranged along the cultivation bed 5 below the cultivation bed 5, and has a hot air outlet on the outer peripheral surface. A hot air supply duct extending in the arrangement direction (left-right direction) of the cultivation beds 5 is provided, and a hot air duct is connected to a hot air outlet provided at an appropriate position of the hot air supply duct. Further, a hook for holding the connection end is provided at each connection end of the hot air outlet and the hot air duct. Therefore, when hot air heating is not performed, the connection between the hot air outlet and the hot air duct is disconnected, and the connection end of the hot air outlet is held by a hook or the like in the cultivation room 1 with a hook, and the connection end of the hot air duct is connected. The parts can be held on a frame or the like that supports the cultivation bed 5 with hooks, and the connection ends can be separated. Thereby, the warm air outlet and the warm air duct can be stored so as not to hinder the work of the operator.

  The hot air outlet and the hot air duct can be connected by a connection joint having a screw, a magnet type connection joint, or the like.

  The nutrient solution supply device 7 includes a first tank 41 and a second tank 42 for storing a nutrient solution, an acid tank 43 for storing nitric acid, and a raw water tank 44 for storing raw water. These tanks 41, 42, 43 are provided. , 44 are supplied to the mixing device 49 via the main opening / closing valves 45, 46, 47, 48, and are mixed by the mixing device 49. The first tank 41 and the second tank 42 store nutrient solutions having different fertilizer components. In the supply path (supply pipes 50, 51, 52) from the first tank 41, the second tank 42, and the acid tank 43 to the mixing device 49, the supply side of each of the main opening / closing valves 45, 46, 47 is located on the upstream side. Filters 53, 54 and 55 before mixing are provided. Further, auxiliary opening / closing valves 56, 57, 58 are provided on the upstream side of the supply of the pre-mixing filters 53, 54, 55, respectively. The nutrient solution mixed by the mixing device 49 is supplied to each cultivation bed 5 in the cultivation room 1 by the liquid supply pipe 61 via the nutrient solution pump 59 and the mixed filter 60.

  In the supply path (supply pipe 52) from the acid tank 43, a branch pipe 62 (branch path) is connected to the lower supply side from the sub opening / closing valve 58 and the pre-mixing filter 55 and to the upper supply side from the main opening / closing valve 47. doing. The branch pipe 62 (branch path) is mainly provided on the lower supply side than the sub opening / closing valves 56 and 57 and the pre-mixing filters 53 and 54 in the supply paths (supply pipes 50 and 51) from the first tank 41 and the second tank 42. It is connected to each position on the upstream side of the supply from the on-off valves 45 and 46, and is configured so that the nitric acid in the acid tank 43 can be supplied to the supply paths (supply pipes 50 and 51) from the first tank 41 and the second tank 42. ing. In the middle of the branch pipe 62, an electromagnetic branch valve 63 is provided. In the supply pipes 50 and 51 from the first tank 41 and the second tank 42, the flow rate in the supply pipes 50 and 51 is on the lower supply side from the connection of the branch pipe 62 and on the upper supply side from the main opening and closing valves 45 and 46. Are respectively provided. Further, a discharge pipe 66 for discharging the liquid without supplying the liquid to each cultivation bed 5 in the cultivation room 1, that is, the liquid supply pipe 61, is connected to the lower side of the supply than the nutrient solution pump 59 and the mixed filter 60. The liquid discharged from the nutrient solution pump 59 is supplied to the liquid supply pipe 61 by the electromagnetic discharge opening / closing valve 67 provided on the discharge pipe 66, and the liquid is discharged to the outside via the discharge pipe 66. It is configured to be able to switch to the discharge state.

  Therefore, in a normal state in which the nutrient solution is supplied to each cultivation bed 5 in the cultivation room 1, the branching on-off valve 63 and the discharge on-off valve 67 are closed, and the nutrient solution mixed by the mixing device 49 is supplied to the liquid supply pipe 61. Supply. During the supply of the nutrient solution, the flow rates in the supply pipes 50 and 51 from the first tank 41 and the second tank 42 are sequentially detected by the flow rate sensors 64 and 65, respectively. Then, when the flow rate in the supply pipes 50 and 51 during the supply of the nutrient solution becomes equal to or less than a predetermined value, when the supply of the nutrient solution to each of the cultivation beds 5 in the cultivation room 1 is stopped, the control device is used. The opening / closing valve 63 for branching and the opening / closing valve 67 for discharge are automatically opened, the nutrient solution pump 59 is driven, and the nitric acid in the acid tank 43 is supplied from the first tank 41 and the second tank 42 via the branch pipe 62. The nitric acid is supplied to pipes 50 and 51, and the nitric acid is discharged to the outside via a discharge pipe 66. At this time, in the supply pipes 50 and 51 from the first tank 41 and the second tank 42, the respective auxiliary opening / closing valves 56 and 57 are automatically closed, and nitric acid supplied to the supply pipes 50 and 51 is supplied to the supply pipe 50. , 51 are prevented from flowing back to the first tank 41 and the second tank 42. Therefore, the supply pipes 50 and 51 from the first tank 41 and the second tank 42 may be clogged with insoluble matter and impurities in the nutrient solution. Is detected, nitric acid as a cleaning liquid is automatically injected into the supply pipes 50 and 51, whereby the supply pipes 50 and 51 can be automatically washed. Maintenance work such as cleaning can be omitted and work efficiency can be improved. In addition, since the washing liquid (nitric acid) is discharged to the outside via the discharge pipe 66 and is not directly supplied to the cultivation bed 5, the above-mentioned washing does not inhibit the growth of the plant.

  Further, on the supply side of the filter 60 after mixing on the supply side of the nutrient solution pump 59, the nutrient solution discharged from the nutrient solution pump 59 is branched, and the mixing device 49 is provided on the supply side of the nutrient solution pump 59. A circulation path (circulation pipe 68) for returning to the supply lower side is connected. The circulation path (circulation pipe 68) is provided with an electromagnetic return opening / closing valve 69, and the pressure in the supply of nutrient solution to the liquid supply pipe 61 is detected by a pressure sensor 70 provided on the downstream side of the supply of the filter 60 after mixing. Upon detecting that the fluctuation is large, the control device automatically opens the return opening / closing valve 69 to circulate the nutrient solution through the circulation path (circulation pipe 68), thereby stabilizing the pressure in the liquid supply pipe 61. It has a configuration. This prevents a water hammer phenomenon caused by the start of the nutrient solution pump 59 or air bleeding, and also prevents damage to the piping (liquid supply pipe 61) on the lower side of the supply of the nutrient solution pump 59. The circulation path (circulation pipe 68) is provided with a temperature sensor 71 for detecting the temperature of the nutrient solution circulated. When the temperature sensor 71 detects that the temperature of the nutrient solution has risen to a predetermined value or more, The nutrient solution pump 59 is forcibly stopped by the control device so that the nutrient solution is not circulated through the circulation pipe 68 to promote the temperature drop of the nutrient solution. Thereby, it is possible to prevent a structure such as a valve or a packing in the pipe from being melted and damaged by the heat of the nutrient solution. Conventionally, for adjusting the pressure of the nutrient solution in the liquid supply pipe, a long circulation path is provided through a liquid supply pipe that supplies the nutrient solution to each cultivation bed in the cultivation room, and a return path portion of the nutrient solution in the circulation path is provided. Some are equipped with a pressure regulating valve, but when the temperature of the nutrient solution rises due to circulation, the structure of valves and packings in the pipes is melted and broken by the heat of the nutrient solution, and the cultivated crop is heated by the heat of the nutrient solution. May be adversely affected.

  Further, a tap water supply valve 91 for supplying tap water as another water source into the raw water tank 44 is provided. Further, in the raw water tank 44, there is provided a raw water level sensor 92 for detecting that the water level in the raw water tank 44 has become equal to or lower than a predetermined water level. The predetermined water level detected by the raw water level sensor 92 is set lower than a water level at which rainwater is discharged to a gutter 96 by a rainwater overflow pipe 95 of a rainwater tank 95 described later.

  When a liquid is supplied from a single liquid supply pipe 61 to the cultivation beds 5 in the cultivation room 1, a plurality of (two) cultivation areas are provided in the cultivation room 1 so as to surely supply the liquid to each cultivation bed 5. 97, and each of the liquid supply paths branched from the liquid supply pipe 61 corresponding to the plurality of cultivation areas 97 is provided with an area-specific liquid supply valve 98, and the plurality of area-specific liquid supply valves 98 are appropriately opened and closed. The liquid is supplied to each cultivation area 97. Specifically, the liquid is supplied for each cultivation area 97 by sequentially opening a plurality of area-specific liquid supply valves 98.

  Also, the drainage from each cultivation area 97 is collected into the collection tank 100 through each drainage collection pipe 99, and the drainage in the collection tank 100 is mixed through the drainage reuse valve 101 into the mixing device 49. To be reused for liquid supply. Further, the recovery tank 100 is provided with a drainage discharge valve for discharging the drainage in the recovery tank 100 to a gutter 96 described later.

  The drainage collected in the collection tank 100 while the corresponding area-specific liquid supply valve 98 is opened and the liquid is supplied to an arbitrary cultivation area 97 is supplied again to the cultivation area 97 via the nutrient solution supply device 7 and re-used. Used. The drainage collected in the collection tank 100 after liquid supply to an arbitrary cultivation area 97 (after a predetermined time from the end of liquid supply) is performed under the condition that a drain valve 102 described later is switched to a drain state by the control device. When the drainage discharge valve is opened, the liquid is discharged to the outside via the gutter 96. Therefore, at the stage when the liquid supply to the cultivation area 97 is completed, the inside of the collection tank 100 is empty. Thereby, when supplying the liquid to an arbitrary cultivation area 97, the drainage from another cultivation area 97 is not supplied.

  An aeration pump 131 serving as an aerator for aerating and sterilizing the wastewater and a nitrate ion concentration sensor 132 for detecting a nitrate ion concentration of the wastewater are provided in the collection tank 100. Based on the above, the operation time of the aeration pump 131 is corrected so that the operation time becomes longer as the concentration of the nitrate ion in the wastewater becomes higher. This makes it possible to accurately treat nitrate ions while preventing unnecessary operation of the aeration pump 131, and to perform sterilization efficiently. After the aeration operation by the aeration pump 131 is completed, the wastewater in the collection tank 100 is supplied to the cultivation area 97 and reused.

  The raw water tank 44 includes an EC sensor 86 for detecting the fertilizer concentration of the nutrient solution and a PH sensor 87 for detecting the pH value of the nutrient solution. Based on the values detected by the EC sensor 86 and the PH sensor 87, the main opening / closing valves are controlled by the main nutrient solution supply controller 88 of the control device so that the nutrient solution mixed by the mixing device 49 has the desired fertilizer concentration and pH value. 45, 46, 47 and 48 are controlled. However, when the main nutrient solution supply controller 88 breaks down, the main opening / closing valves 45, 46, 47, and 48 cannot be operated, and the nutrient solution cannot be supplied to each cultivation bed 5, which adversely affects cultivation. Become. Therefore, the control device is provided with a preliminary control panel 89, and when the main nutrient solution supply controller 88 is out of order, the main control valves 45, 46, 47, and 48 can be controlled by the preliminary control panel 89. When switching to the control of the preliminary control panel 89, the main opening / closing valves 45, 46, 47, and 48 are opened only for a preset time to create a nutrient solution, and the nutrient solution can be easily supplied to each cultivation bed 5. . As a result, although the control accuracy of the fertilizer concentration and the pH value of the nutrient solution to be supplied is reduced, it is possible to temporarily prevent the nutrient solution from being unable to be supplied to the cultivation bed 5 and to avoid a large damage such as plant withering. Can be. The main nutrient solution supply controller 88 is repaired while the nutrient solution supply control is performed by the preliminary control panel 89, and if the main nutrient solution supply controller 88 returns to normal, the nutrient solution by the main nutrient solution supply controller 88 is returned. What is necessary is just to switch to supply control. In the nutrient solution supply control by the preliminary control panel 89, a plurality of preset opening time patterns of the main opening / closing valves 45, 46, 47, 48 are provided, and the patterns are set according to the detection values of the EC sensor and the PH sensor. May be switched.

  Further, a component analyzer for analyzing fertilizer components (eg, nitrogen component, potash component, calcium component, phosphoric acid component, etc.) of the effluent from the cultivation bed 5 is provided, and the control device controls the effluent measured by the component analyzer. By comparing the fertilizer component and the set fertilizer component set in advance for cultivation, a large amount of the insufficient fertilizer component is supplied by drainage from the first tank 41 and the second tank 42, which are the nutrient solution tanks, and the excess fertilizer is discharged. The opening time or opening degree of the main opening / closing valves 45 and 46 is controlled so that the components are supplied in a small amount, and a new nutrient solution is prepared by mixing the drainage with the nutrient solution from the nutrient solution tank. Thus, a nutrient solution stabilized with a desired fertilizer component with high accuracy can be supplied to the cultivation bed 5 irrespective of the use of the drainage solution. It should be noted that the fertilizer component that is insufficient in the drainage is absorbed by the plant, so it is determined that the plant requires a large amount. The excess fertilizer component in the drainage is required by the plant because the plant absorbs a small amount. It may be determined that the degree is low, and the set fertilizer component may be corrected according to the requirements of the plant. As a result, the supply of nutrient solution can be controlled with high accuracy in accordance with the cultivation situation, and the waste of fertilizer can be prevented, and the environmental load caused by finally discarding the wastewater having a high fertilizer concentration can be reduced.

  Then, the supply of the nutrient solution to the cultivation bed 5 is performed only by the nutrient solution supply controller 88 during the daytime liquid supply time zone (for example, 7:00 to 17:00) in one day. In this liquid supply possible time zone, a predetermined amount of nutrient solution is supplied every time the integrated solar radiation measured by the solar radiation sensor reaches the set cumulative solar radiation. It should be noted that the accumulated solar radiation measured each time the liquid is supplied is reset. In addition, the liquid supply available time zone may be set manually based on the sunrise time or the sunset time in addition to the manual setting by the operator. Further, a correction time zone (for example, 12:00 to 14:00) that is a part of the liquid supply available time zone is set, and based on the correction integrated solar radiation in the correction time zone measured by the solar radiation sensor. , The liquid supply available time zone is corrected. Specifically, if the integrated solar radiation for correction is larger than a reference value (for example, 1500 J (joules)), the end of the liquid supply available time zone is changed to a later time from the reference end time (for example, 17:00) (for example, Conversely, if the accumulated solar radiation for correction is smaller than the reference value (for example, 1500 J (joules)), the end of the liquid supply available time zone is changed to the reference end time (for example, 17:00). ) To an earlier time (for example, from 17:00 to 16:00). The change of the end of the liquid supply available time period is proportionally changed in accordance with the integrated solar radiation for correction. Note that the correction time zone is desirably set to a time zone close to midday so that the weather of the day can be generally determined from the accumulated solar radiation.

  Therefore, the weather condition is grasped based on the accumulated amount of solar radiation for correction in the correction time zone, and the end time of the liquid supply available time zone is corrected based on the weather condition. On days with strong sunlight, the end time can be delayed to prevent shortage of liquid supply, and on cloudy or rainy days where solar radiation is weak, the end time can be increased to prevent excess liquid supply. In addition, a change limit of the end of the liquid supply available time zone is set, and a time earlier than the difference between the delay limit time (eg, 18:00) of the later time and the reference end time (eg, 17:00) is set. The difference between the upper limit degree time (for example, 15:00) and the reference end time (for example, 17:00) is set to be large.

  Further, a drainage sensor 133 for detecting the flow of the drainage is provided in the drainage flow path to the collection tank 100. The drainage sensor 133 is configured to detect the flow rate of drainage per unit time. Then, based on the delay time from the liquid supply start time at which liquid supply is started based on the integrated solar radiation amount to the drainage sensor 133 detecting drainage, if the delay time is long, the cultivation bed 5 is in a dry state. If the actual liquid supply to the plant is judged to be insufficient, the set integrated solar radiation is corrected to a small value so that the next liquid supply is performed earlier. Conversely, if the delay time is short, the cultivation bed 5 is in a wet state, and it is judged that the actual liquid supply to the plant is excessive, and the set integrated solar radiation is corrected to a large value, and the next liquid supply is performed later. To be The liquid supply is controlled based on the drainage information at the start of the drainage by the drainage control corresponding to the drainage generation time at the time when the drainage starts to be generated, so that the liquid supply of the nutrient solution is controlled in real time with good responsiveness. And cultivation of plants can be performed accurately.

  In addition, instead of the above-described liquid supply control corresponding to the liquid generation, the liquid discharge sensor 133 detects the liquid discharge amount per unit time, that is, the flow rate, and the flow rate of the liquid waste that changes with time changes from an increase to a decrease. Based on the peak value, if the peak value of the drainage flow rate is small, it is determined that the cultivation bed 5 is in a dry state and the actual liquid supply to the plant is not enough, and the set integrated solar radiation is corrected to a small value and the next time. So that the liquid is supplied earlier. Conversely, if the peak value of the drainage flow rate is large, the cultivation bed 5 is in a wet state, and it is determined that the actual liquid supply to the plant is excessive, and the set integrated solar radiation is corrected to a large value and the next liquid supply is performed. Is done later. The liquid supply is controlled based on the drainage information at the start of drainage by the drainage flow rate liquid supply control based on the drainage flow rate, so that the liquid supply of the nutrient solution can be controlled in real time with good responsiveness. And cultivation of plants can be performed accurately.

  In addition, in the above-described liquid supply control corresponding to drainage generation and liquid supply control corresponding to drainage flow rate, the integrated solar radiation amount control in which the set integrated solar radiation amount is changed to change the time interval until the next liquid supply is performed, but the integrated solar radiation amount control is performed. In the case of a control mode in which the liquid is simply supplied every predetermined time irrespective of the amount, a time interval control may be used in which the predetermined time for liquid supply is corrected and the time interval until the next liquid supply is changed. Further, instead of the control content for changing the time interval until the next liquid supply, a liquid supply amount control for correcting the liquid supply amount per time may be used. It should be noted that the control conditions of the discharge control corresponding to the drainage generation and the discharge control corresponding to the drainage flow rate and the execution control of the integrated solar radiation amount control, the time interval control and the liquid supply amount control may be controlled by any combination. Alternatively, a plurality of control conditions or a plurality of execution controls may be used in combination and controlled.

  The liquid supply from the liquid supply pipe 61 to the plants in each cultivation bed 5 can be performed by a liquid supply tube 134. The liquid supply tube 134 is a flexible tube made of rubber, is disposed along the cultivation bed 5 above the cultivation bed 5, and discharges nutrient solution from discharge holes 135 provided at predetermined intervals to grow the cultivation. The configuration is such that a nutrient solution is supplied to the cultivation strain on the bed 5 near the cultivation strain. The liquid supply tube 134 expands and contracts due to a temperature change due to day or night or a season or the like, and prevents a problem such as disconnection of the connection portion at the end portion (connection portion with the liquid supply pipe 61). Is connected to the liquid supply pipe 61 and the like via a connection duct 136 having elasticity. The connection duct 136 includes a spring 137, and expands and contracts in accordance with expansion and contraction of the liquid supply tube 134, and is configured to prevent a connection portion from being detached. The connection duct 136 may be supported by locking the spring 137 to the support frame 138 or the like. Further, the liquid supply tubes 134 may be connected to each other by the connection duct 136.

  In addition, carbon dioxide gas can be supplied to the cultivation bed 5 near the cultivation strain using the liquid supply tube 134. The liquid supply pipe 61 is provided with a three-way switching valve 139, and the carbon dioxide gas supply device 140 supplies carbon dioxide to the liquid supply tube 134 via the three-way switching valve 139. The carbon dioxide gas supply device 140 is an air compressor 141 for supplying pressurized air, a carbon dioxide gas cylinder 142 filled with carbon dioxide gas, and three-way switching by mixing the pressurized air from the air compressor 141 and carbon dioxide gas from the carbon dioxide gas cylinder 142. And a gas mixer 143 that supplies the gas to the valve 139. By switching the three-way switching valve 139, the carbon dioxide gas can be efficiently supplied to the vicinity of the plant, and the liquid supply tube 134 can also be used as a pipe for supplying the carbon dioxide gas to the vicinity of the plant, so that the cost can be reduced. In addition, by passing carbon dioxide gas through the liquid supply tube 134, not only can the liquid supply tube 134 be cleaned, but also the nutrient solution remaining in the liquid supply tube 134 for a long time becomes high in temperature due to sunlight, and the high-temperature nutrient solution is supplied to the plant. The adverse effect on cultivation due to the supply can be avoided.

  Next, the rainwater collecting device 111 that collects rainwater will be described. A gutter 96 extending along the outer wall is provided outside the outer wall of the cultivation room 1. The gutter 96 is configured to receive and flow rainwater that has rained on the roof of the cultivation room 1. In the cultivation room 1, a rainwater tank 112 for storing rainwater is provided. In the middle of the gutter 96, an electromagnetic type switchable between a drainage state in which the flow path of the water is switched to drain the water in the gutter 96 to the outside and a rainwater recovery state in which the water in the gutter 96 is supplied to the rainwater tank 112. A drain valve 102 is provided. Note that the gutter 96 is provided with a slight inclination so that the water in the gutter 96 is supplied to the drain valve 102. In the rainwater recovery state, rainwater is recovered from the drain valve 102 to the rainwater tank 112 via the rainwater pump 113 and the rainwater recovery pipe 114. A rainwater overflow pipe 95 for discharging the rainwater in the rainwater tank 112 to the gutter 96 when the water level of the rainwater tank 112 reaches a predetermined level or more is provided above the rainwater tank 112. In addition, a communication pipe 115 that connects the inside of the rainwater tank 112 and the inside of the raw water tank 44 is provided. On the other hand, a rain sensor 116 is provided on the roof of the cultivation room 1 to detect rain water by detecting rain water. The rain sensor 116 may be replaced by a solar radiation sensor that detects the amount of solar radiation.

  Further, the control device is provided with a water supply mode changeover switch for switching the mode of water supply to the raw water tank 44. The water supply mode changeover switch is a switch that can be switched to three positions: a rainwater non-use mode, a rainwater priority mode, and a rainwater combination mode. When the water supply mode changeover switch is set to the rainwater non-use mode, the drain valve 102 is switched to the drain state by the output signal from the control device regardless of the detection of the rain sensor 116, and the rainwater collected in the gutter 96 is always external. It will be in the state of being drained to.

  When the water supply mode changeover switch is set to the rainwater priority mode, when the rain sensor 116 does not detect rain, the drain valve 102 is switched to a drain state by an output signal from the control device, and water in the gutter 96 is discharged to the outside. It will be in the state of being drained to. At this time, when the raw water level sensor 92 detects that the water level of the raw water tank 44 has not reached the predetermined water level, a signal from the raw water level sensor 92 is input to the control device, and the control device sends the signal to the tap water supply valve 91. The tap water supply valve 91 is opened until it is output and the raw water level sensor 92 detects that the predetermined water level has been reached. When a signal indicating that the rainfall sensor 116 has detected rainfall is input to the control device, a signal is output to the drain valve 102 a predetermined time (for example, 10 minutes) after the control device detects rainfall, and the drainage valve 102 is turned off. It switches to the rainwater recovery state and drives the rainwater pump 113. As a result, the rainwater in the gutter 96 is collected in the rainwater tank 112, and the rainwater is supplied from the rainwater tank 112 to the raw water tank 44 via the communication pipe 115. When the rain stops and the rain sensor 116 does not detect the rain, the control device outputs a signal to the drain valve 102 and the rain water pump 113 in accordance with a signal from the rain sensor 116 to switch the drain valve 102 to the drain state and to switch the rain water pump 113 Stop driving.

  When the water supply mode changeover switch is set to the rainwater combined mode, when the rain sensor 116 does not detect rain, the drain valve 102 is set to the drain state by an output signal from the control device, similarly to the above-described rain water priority state. When the raw water level sensor 92 detects that the water level in the raw water tank 44 has not reached the predetermined level, the signal from the raw water level sensor 92 is sent to the control device. The tap water supply valve 91 is input and output to the tap water supply valve 91 to open the tap water supply valve 91 until the raw water level sensor 92 detects that the predetermined water level has been reached. Even if a signal indicating that the rainfall sensor 116 has detected rainfall is input to the control device, if the raw water level sensor 92 has reached the predetermined water level, the control device closes the tap water supply valve 91 and sets the drain valve 102 And outputs a signal to the rainwater pump 113 to switch the drain valve 102 to a drain state and stop driving the rainwater pump 113. When a signal indicating that rainfall is detected by the rainfall sensor 116 is input and a signal indicating that the predetermined water level has not been reached by the raw water level sensor 92 is input, a predetermined time after the rainfall is detected by the control device ( At 10 minutes, for example), the tap water supply valve 91 is opened, the drain valve 102 is switched to the rainwater collection state, and the rainwater pump 113 is driven. As a result, the rainwater in the gutter 96 is collected in the rainwater tank 112, and the rainwater is supplied from the rainwater tank 112 to the raw water tank 44 via the communication pipe 115, so that both the rainwater and the tap water enter the raw water tank 44. Supplied. When the rain stops and the rain sensor 116 no longer detects rain, the control device closes the tap water supply valve 91, switches the drain valve 102 to the drain state, and stops driving the rain water pump 113 by a signal from the rain sensor 116. I do. A rainwater overflow water level sensor for detecting that the rainwater in the rainwater tank 112 has reached the water level to be drained to the gutter 96 by the rainwater overflow pipe 95 is provided, and the rainwater overflow water level sensor reaches the water level at which the rainwater is discharged to the gutter 96. If it is detected that the rainwater sensor 116 continues to detect rainfall, the tap water supply valve 91 is closed, or the tap water supply valve 91 is closed and the drain valve 102 is switched to the drain state, and the rain water pump 113 Is stopped, the use of tap water or the power of tap water and the rainwater pump 113 is prevented from being wasted, and the running cost can be reduced.

  When the water supply mode changeover switch is set to the rainwater priority mode or the rainwater combination mode, the nutrient solution supply device can be operated even under the above-described condition of collecting rainwater into the rainwater tank 112 based on the detection of the rainfall sensor 116. When the liquid is being supplied from 7 to the cultivation area 97, the control device switches the drain valve 102 to the drain state, stops driving the rainwater pump 113, and collects the rainwater into the raw water tank 44 without collecting the rainwater into the rainwater tank 112. Do not supply to Note that the tap water supply valve 91 is controlled as described above regardless of whether or not liquid is being supplied to the cultivation area 97.

  Also, a well-known thermal insulation curtain that can be opened and closed by a curtain opening / closing motor is provided on the ceiling in the cultivation room 1 so that the temperature in the cultivation room 1 is not extremely lowered particularly at night or the like. At the same time, the running cost is reduced by the heating operation in the cultivation room 1. In addition, although the room temperature sensor which measures the temperature (room temperature) in the cultivation room 1 is provided in the cultivation room 1, the outside temperature sensor which measures the outside air temperature is provided outside the cultivation room 1. Then, the controller 26 controls the outside air temperature measured by the outside air temperature sensor to be equal to or less than a predetermined set outside air temperature (for example, 10 degrees Celsius) and the room temperature measured by the room temperature sensor to be equal to or less than a predetermined set room temperature (for example, 17 degrees Celsius). Then, control for closing the heat retaining curtain is executed. In addition, when the outside air temperature exceeds the set outside air temperature and the room temperature exceeds the set room temperature, a control for opening a heat retaining curtain is executed. Therefore, since the opening and closing control of the heat retention curtain is performed based on the room temperature and the outside temperature, for example, even when the room temperature is high, opening the heat retention curtain when the outside temperature is low can suppress a situation in which the room temperature suddenly drops, In addition to suppressing the rapid fluctuation of the cultivation, it is possible to prevent the cultivation from being adversely affected and to reduce the heating cost. Further, even when the temperature is not the condition of the outside air temperature and the room temperature at which the heat retaining curtain is opened based on the above-described opening / closing control, the heat retaining curtain is automatically opened after a predetermined time (for example, one hour) from the sunrise time. Note that the configuration may be such that when the closed state of the heat retaining curtain is maintained for a long time (for example, 10 hours or more), the heat retaining curtain is automatically opened. Therefore, even if the opening condition of the thermal insulation curtain is not satisfied (both the room temperature and the outside air temperature do not exceed the set values), the control for forcibly opening the thermal insulation curtain based on the time or the closing time of the thermal insulation curtain is executed. ing. The control for forcibly opening the thermal insulation curtain may be executed based on the relationship between the time or the closing time of the thermal insulation curtain and the room temperature or the outside air temperature. For example, if the room temperature is equal to or higher than a predetermined value at the set time, the heat insulation curtain is forcibly opened regardless of the outside air temperature, or an arithmetic expression or the like is used based on the relationship between the closed time of the heat insulation curtain and the room temperature or the outside air temperature (room temperature and outside air temperature). It is possible to adopt a configuration in which the thermal insulation curtain is forcibly opened based on the obtained determination value. Thereby, for example, by keeping the thermal insulation curtain closed despite the sunrise, since the thermal insulation curtain blocks the sunlight and suppresses the increase in the room temperature in the cultivation room 1 due to the sunlight, it is suppressed. It promotes photosynthesis of plants by sunlight and reduces heating costs. It should be noted that the above-described opening and closing control of the thermal insulation curtain may be performed only during the night after sunset, and the thermal insulation curtain may be constantly opened from a predetermined time after sunrise (for example, one hour) to sunset. In the above description, the control for forcibly opening the thermal insulation curtain has been described. However, control for forcibly closing the thermal insulation curtain may be configured. Control for forcibly closing the heat retaining curtain may be performed based on the set determination condition.

  Next, an example of a curtain opening / closing device that opens and closes a curtain will be described. The curtain opening / closing device 117 includes a starting end take-up roll 118 around which the curtain is wound, a first counter roll 119 for turning the curtain drawn from the start end take-up roll 118 and pulling out in the opposite direction, and a first counter roll. 119 includes a second counter roll 120 for folding back the curtain drawn from the first counter roll 119 and further drawing the curtain in the opposite direction, and a trailing end winding roll 121 for winding the curtain drawn from the second counter roll 120. The roll 118 and the second counter roll 120 are arranged on one side, and the first counter roll 119 and the terminal side winding roll 121 are arranged on the other side opposite to each other. Note that a second counter roll 120 is disposed below the start-end winding roll 118, and an end-side winding roll 121 is disposed below the first counter roll 119. The start-end winding roll 118 is provided with a torque spring that biases the curtain winding side, and the opening and closing of the curtain is controlled by driving a curtain opening / closing motor that rotates the end-end winding roll 121. It has a configuration. The curtain has a structure in which a light-shielding curtain 122 having a high light-shielding property is connected to a heat-insulating curtain 123 having a high heat-insulating property, and the light-shielding curtain 122 is arranged on the side that is drawn out from the start-end winding roll 118 first. The heat retention curtain 123 is drawn out following the curtain 122. A leading wire 124 is connected to the leading end of the light-shielding curtain 122, and the other end of the leading wire 124 (the leading end opposite to the light-shielding curtain 122) is connected to the end-side winding roll 121. Connected to the outer circumference.

  Therefore, in a state where the light-shielding curtain 122 and the heat retaining curtain 123 are wound on the start-end winding roll 118, the end-end winding is performed from the start-end winding roll 118 via the first counter roll 119 and the second counter roll 120. The drawing wire 124 extends to the take-up roll 121, and the curtain is fully opened. Then, when the trailing-side winding roll 121 is rotated by driving the curtain opening / closing motor, the winding wire 124 is wound around the trailing-side winding roll 121 while the winding wire is wound from the starting-end winding roll 118 to the first counter roll 119. The light-shielding curtain 122 is drawn out to the first layer 125 in a light-shielding state. Further, when the terminal winding roll 121 is rotated by driving of the curtain opening / closing motor, the winding wire 124 is wound around the terminal winding roll 121 so that the wire from the first counter roll 119 to the second counter roll 120 is wound. The first light-insulating curtain 122 is pulled out to the second layer 126, and the heat-insulating curtain 123 is pulled out to the first layer 125. Further, when the trailing-end winding roll 121 is rotated by driving the curtain opening / closing motor, the winding wire 124 is wound around the trailing-end winding roll 121 while the second counter roll 120 is moved from the second winding roll 121 to the trailing-end winding roll 121. The light-shielding curtain 122 is pulled out to the third layer 127, and the heat-insulating curtain 123 is drawn out to the first layer 125 and the second layer 126. Further, when the trailing end take-up roll 121 is rotated by driving the curtain opening / closing motor, the heat-insulating curtain 123 is entirely transferred from the first layer 125 to the third layer 127 while winding the light-shielding curtain 122 around the trailing-end take-up roll 121. Pulls out the third heat retention state.

  Thus, when only light shielding is required without the need for heat retention, the light shielding state is set. Further, when a certain amount of heat retention is required, the first heat retention state allows the two-layer curtain of the heat retention curtain 123 and the light shielding curtain 122 to keep the temperature. In the following, it is possible to switch between the second heat retaining state and the third heat retaining state according to the degree of need for heat retention. Thus, the shade opening / closing device 117 (common curtain opening / closing motor) can switch the light-shielding state, the heat-holding state, and the degree of heat retention in the heat-holding state, thereby simplifying the curtain opening / closing device 117. Can be. In addition, if the light-shielding curtain 122 is configured to be long enough to extend from the first layer 125 to the third layer 127 and the light-shielding curtain 122 can be stretched sequentially from the first layer 125 to the third layer 127, the intensity of solar radiation and the like can be reduced. Correspondingly, the number of layers of the light shielding curtain 122 can be changed to set a desired light shielding degree. Further, as a configuration in which the light-shielding curtains 122 having different light-shielding rates are connected, a configuration in which the adjusted light-shielding degree can be set to a required light-shielding degree may be used. Alternatively, the light shielding curtain 122 made of a scattering film or the light shielding curtain 122 made of a wavelength conversion film may be connected.

  When the amount of solar radiation is insufficient due to the weather or the like, the lighting device provided in the cultivation room 1 can be turned on at night or the like to supplement the light to the plants. On the other hand, in order to obtain a desired yield, it is necessary for a plant to perform photosynthesis to obtain a desired amount of photosynthetic products. Therefore, the integrated amount of solar radiation is estimated from weather data such as a weather forecast, and when it is determined that the integrated amount of solar radiation at that time is insufficient based on the estimated integrated amount of solar radiation, light can be supplemented by a lighting device. Specifically, the amount of photosynthetic product required in one day is calculated from the number of days up to the scheduled harvest date, and a day less than the integrated amount of solar radiation necessary to obtain this amount of photosynthetic product is a desired integrated amount of solar radiation. Light can be supplemented at night. The relationship between the amount of solar radiation and the amount of photosynthetic products is grasped in advance, and the necessary integrated amount of solar radiation is calculated based on the relationship. Note that, instead of the weather data, the integrated solar radiation may be measured by a solar radiation meter.

  It is desirable to supplement blue light when supplementing light. The blue light makes it easier to open the stomata of the leaves of the plant, so that the effect of promoting photosynthesis can be enhanced. In addition, by setting a large amount of irrigation during the supplementary light, the water content of the plant can be maintained as desired even when the transpiration of the plant increases due to the opening of the pores.

  When the respiration rate of the plant increases, the consumption of the photosynthesis product of the plant increases. Therefore, a configuration in which the target photosynthesis rate is corrected based on the respiration rate can be adopted. Since the respiratory volume increases as the temperature rises, it can be estimated from the amount of solar radiation and the room temperature in the cultivation room 1. Therefore, if light is supplemented when the room temperature after sunset falls, the amount of photosynthetic products can be obtained efficiently. It is desirable that the respiratory volume be estimated with high accuracy based on a change in temperature or a change in solar radiation in one day.

  In addition, the photosynthetic rate and respiratory rate at each time of the daylight hours are estimated from the amount of solar radiation, carbon dioxide concentration, and room temperature. When the speed is lower than the speed, the reduced amount of photosynthetic product can be calculated by integrating over time from the difference between the increasing speed and the decreasing speed. To obtain this reduced amount of photosynthetic products, light is supplemented after sunset. The determination of the sunset can be made based on the time, or by a solar radiation sensor (when the solar radiation becomes 0) provided outside the cultivation room 1. The time required for light supplementation is obtained by calculating the amount of the reduced photosynthetic product by the intensity of light supplementation and the light use efficiency of the plant (the amount of carbon dioxide that can be assimilated by light per mol (mol)). Can be. Alternatively, the time of light supplementation may be set in advance, the intensity of light supplementation may be calculated based on the reduced amount of photosynthetic products, and the intensity of light supplementation may be adjusted by changing the number of lightings.

  The light can be supplemented before sunrise. At this time, the light may be supplemented from a time before the time required for supplementary light to the sunrise time to the sunrise time. Since the room temperature is lower before sunrise than after sunset, it is possible to suppress the respiration of plants at the time of supplementary light, especially in summer, and to obtain the amount of photosynthetic products efficiently. The start time of the supplementary light may be set to a certain time before the sunrise time.

  Based on the detection of the humidity in the cultivation room 1, the humidifier in the cultivation room 1 may be controlled so as to have a desired humidity. The humidifier can be configured to spray fine mist, and can also be configured with a fine mist cooling device. Then, by estimating the amount of transpiration of the plant based on the detection of the solar radiation sensor or the like, and spraying fine mist corresponding to the required amount of evaporation with a humidifier, the humidity in the cultivation room 1 can be controlled with high accuracy. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of plant diseases due to excessive humidity, and to reduce the running cost by suppressing the spray amount of fine mist. In adjusting the spray amount of the fine mist, the spray amount can be adjusted by using only some of the spray nozzles provided in the cultivation chamber 1 for spraying.

  The roof of the cultivation room 1 is provided with a skylight that is opened and closed by driving a skylight opening / closing motor. Provide a skylight closing sensor that detects that the skylight is closed, and normally drive the skylight opening / closing motor to the side where the skylight closes until the skylight closing sensor detects the skylight closing state, and close the skylight. . When the room temperature in the cultivation room 1 is higher than the target temperature based on the detection of the room temperature sensor that measures the temperature (room temperature) in the cultivation room 1, the control device uses the skylight based on the difference between the room temperature and the target temperature. Is operated, and the skylight opening / closing motor is driven to the side where the skylight opens at a required operation time corresponding to the target opening, and the skylight is opened at a desired opening to lower the temperature in the cultivation room 1. Configuration.

  Then, even when the skylight is open, the target opening of the skylight is sequentially calculated and updated based on the difference between the room temperature and the target temperature, and the skylight opens or closes at a required operating time corresponding to the target opening. The skylight opening / closing motor is driven to the side to operate the skylight. However, when the skylight is further opened from the state where the skylight is opened, if the target opening degree of the skylight is less than a predetermined opening degree (for example, 10% or less), the opening and closing of the skylight until the skylight closing sensor detects the closing state of the skylight. The configuration is such that the motor is driven to temporarily close the skylight, the skylight opening / closing motor is driven to the side where the skylight opens at a required operation time corresponding to the target opening, and the zero point return control for opening the skylight at the target opening is performed. . As a result, an expensive sensor for detecting the opening degree of the skylight is unnecessary, the opening degree of the skylight can be controlled with high accuracy at low cost, and the room temperature can be favorably controlled. In particular, when the difference between the room temperature and the target temperature is small and the target opening of the skylight is equal to or less than the predetermined opening, the opening of the skylight is controlled with high accuracy. In addition, it is possible to prevent the temperature from lowering to a temperature lower than the target temperature, thereby preventing the cultivated plant from being adversely affected. Conventionally, each time the target opening of the skylight is changed, the skylight is operated for the operation time required on the side that becomes the target opening from the relationship between the current opening of the skylight and the target opening, An error in the actual opening of the skylight due to the operation time may accumulate, and the opening of the skylight may become inappropriate. Instead of performing the above-described zero point return control when the target opening of the skylight is equal to or less than the predetermined opening, when the outside air temperature detected by the outside air temperature sensor is equal to or lower than the predetermined temperature (for example, 10 degrees Celsius or lower). The above-mentioned zero-point return control is executed, or the above-mentioned zero-point return control is executed when the target opening of the skylight is equal to or less than a predetermined opening and the outside air temperature detected by the outside air temperature sensor is equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature. Or you may. In addition, when the wind blows toward the opening side of the skylight or when the wind speed is high, the above-described zero point return control may be executed based on the wind direction and wind speed outside the cultivation room 1. Alternatively, in the zero point return control based on the target opening degree of the skylight and the outside temperature, when the wind blows toward the opening side of the skylight or when the wind speed is high, based on the wind direction or the wind speed or both the wind direction and the wind speed, the target opening of the skylight is increased. The predetermined opening degree or the predetermined temperature of the outside air temperature may be corrected to a large value. In measuring the wind direction or the wind speed, an anemometer or an anemometer may be provided on the roof outside the cultivation room 1. In addition, a skylight maximum opening sensor that detects that the skylight is open to the maximum opening is provided, and when the skylight is opened to the maximum opening, the skylight indicates that the skylight is in the maximum opening state. The skylight opening / closing motor may be driven until the maximum opening sensor detects.

  In addition, an opening / closing window that opens and closes according to wind power can be provided in the wife of the cultivation room 1. The opening / closing window is urged to the closing side by the opening / closing window spring, and is normally in a closed state. However, when the wind in the cultivation room 1 is strong, the opening / closing window spring resists the opening / closing window spring and opens. It is designed to allow the wind to escape to the outside. Thereby, the cultivation room 1 can be prevented from being damaged by the wind that has entered the cultivation room 1 through the gap between the cultivation rooms 1, and is particularly effective for the cultivation room 1 having a soft structure such as a greenhouse.

  By the way, a foam heat insulator 128 is provided to surround the bottom surface and the four sides of the rock wool, which becomes the cultivation bed 5. A root prevention sheet 129 is provided between the cultivation bed 5 and the heat insulator 128, and the cultivation bed 5 is supported from the gantry via the root prevention sheet 129. The root prevention sheet 129 does not allow the root to pass, but has a structure capable of passing the drainage from the cultivation bed 5. A drain groove 130 extending in the longitudinal direction is provided at the left and right center of the heat insulator 128. The gantry is provided with left and right heat insulator support shafts provided in two vertical stages, a heat insulator support plate is placed on one of the upper and lower heat insulator support shafts, and a heat insulator 128 is placed and supported on the heat insulator support plate. ing. Therefore, by switching the height of the heat insulator support plate, the height of the heat insulator 128 can be changed between a high position surrounding the cultivation bed 5 in contact with the root prevention sheet 129 and a low position away from the cultivation bed 5. Thereby, for example, in the summer, the heat insulator 128 can be lowered to lower the cultivation bed 5 by ventilation to prevent the occurrence of disease, and in the winter, the heat insulator 128 can be higher to keep the cultivation bed 5 warm. Can be achieved. In the above description, the height of the heat insulator 128 can be changed by the two upper and lower heat insulator support shafts. However, the height of the heat insulator 128 may be changed by an elevating device including a rack and a pinion. . When the elevating device is provided, a configuration may be adopted in which, based on a bed temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the cultivation bed 5, when the temperature is high corresponding to the temperature of the cultivation bed 5, the heat insulator 128 is lowered.

  By the way, a snow melting device 145 is provided on the roof 144 of the cultivation facility. The snow melting device 145 includes a polyethylene snow melting tube 146 through which warm water flows, and a moving device 148 that moves the snow melting tube 146 along a roof 144 from a valley (near a gutter 147) to a top of the roof 144. It has. The moving device 148 includes a moving wire 150 that rotates around by driving of the moving motor 149 along the roof, and the snow melting pipe 146 attached to the moving wire 150 moves along the roof 144. . Further, a snow sensor 151 for detecting snow falling on the roof 144 is provided in the cultivation room 1 at the same height as the roof 144. The height of the snow is detected by the snow sensor 151, and the snow melting tube 146 is moved in accordance with the height of the snow in order to melt the snow efficiently. As a result, it is possible to prevent the snow from being melted only in the vicinity of the gutter at the valley of the roof to form a cavity, unlike a conventional fixed snow melting pipe, and to prevent the snow from being efficiently melted due to a bridge phenomenon.

  A gutter is provided on the outside of the cultivation room 1 to receive rain and snow falling from the roof 144 of the cultivation facility and is discharged therefrom. In order to prevent infiltration into the cultivation room 1 and weeds growing on the ground, a sheet is provided from the outer wall of the cultivation room 1 to the gutter. Since this sheet is stretched in an inclined position in which the side groove side is at a low position, rain, snow, and the like can be guided well to the side groove. Note that a fixture such as a vinylet or a hook for fixing the sheet is provided in a part of the side groove.

  In addition, a power generator 152 that generates power using a Stirling engine can be provided. The power generator 152 includes a high-temperature cylinder 153 disposed in the cultivation room 1, a low-temperature cylinder 154 disposed underground outside the cultivation room 1, and a crank of each of the high-temperature cylinder 153 and the low-temperature cylinder 154. A drive shaft 155 for connecting the rods with a phase difference of 90 degrees is provided, and the generator is driven by the action of the Stirling engine generated from the temperature difference between the high temperature cylinder 153 and the low temperature cylinder 154, that is, the drive of the drive shaft 155. And generate power. The gas flowing through the high-temperature cylinder 153 and the low-temperature cylinder 154 uses hydrogen, helium, or the like. Thereby, especially when the temperature difference between the high-temperature cylinder portion 153 and the low-temperature cylinder portion 154 increases in summer, power can be generated using the temperature in the cultivation room 1, and the running cost can be reduced. In the summer, the inside of the cultivation room 1 is about 30 to 35 degrees Celsius, and the underground outside the cultivation room 1 is about 20 degrees. Furthermore, if a reflecting material 156 is provided in the cultivation room 1 to reflect sunlight to the high-temperature cylinder 153 to promote the temperature rise of the high-temperature cylinder 153, the temperature difference between the high-temperature cylinder 153 and the low-temperature cylinder 154 is large. Therefore, the power generation capacity can be increased.

  The configuration of another power generation device 152 will be described. A cooling / heating device 157 such as a heat pump for supplying warm air or cold air to the cultivation room 1 to cool and heat the inside of the cultivation room 1 is provided. The first cylinder portion 158 is provided near the device 157 and at a position where exhaust air to the outside air of the cooling and heating device 157 hits, and the second cylinder portion 159 is provided under the cultivation room 1 underground. A drive shaft portion 155 for connecting each of the crank rods with the cylinder portion 159 with a phase difference of 90 degrees, and an operation of the Stirling engine that is generated from a temperature difference between the first cylinder portion 158 and the second cylinder portion 159, that is, a drive. The driving of the shaft 155 drives the generator to generate power.

  Specifically, in the summer, cooling air is supplied by the cooling and heating device 157 to cool the inside of the cultivation room 1 to 25 to 30 degrees Celsius, but the exhaust air from the cooling and heating device 157 that has exchanged heat to the outside air is hot air. As a result, the temperature of the first cylinder portion 158 becomes higher than the outside air temperature of 30 degrees Celsius or more.

  And since the second cylinder part 159 is in the underground soil, it has a low temperature of about 15 to 20 degrees Celsius. Therefore, the first cylinder part 158 becomes a high-temperature cylinder part and the second cylinder part 159 becomes a low-temperature cylinder part, and the generator is driven by the temperature difference between the first cylinder part 158 and the second cylinder part 159. On the other hand, in the winter season, warm air is supplied by the cooling and heating device 157 to heat the inside of the cultivation room 1 to 10 to 20 degrees Celsius, but the exhaust air from the cooling and heating device 157 that has exchanged heat to the outside air becomes cold air. The cool air has a lower temperature than the outside air temperature of the first cylinder portion 158 of 10 degrees Celsius or less. The second cylinder portion 159 is at a high temperature of about 15 to 20 degrees Celsius because it is in the underground soil. Therefore, the first cylinder portion 158 becomes a low-temperature cylinder portion and the second cylinder portion 159 becomes a high-temperature cylinder portion, and the generator is driven by the temperature difference between the first cylinder portion 158 and the second cylinder portion 159. Therefore, by reversing the high / low temperature relationship between the first cylinder portion 158 and the second cylinder portion 159 between summer and winter, power can be generated both in summer and winter, and running costs can be reduced.

  Note that FIG. 2 illustrates a gantry-supporting cultivation bed 5 in which the cultivation bed 5 is supported from the ground by a gantry, but a hanging support type in which the cultivation bed 5 is suspended and supported from above by a suspension support member. The cultivation bed 5 may be used. Alternatively, as a configuration of a different cultivation room 1, a hanging support type cultivation bed 5 is provided at an upper portion in the cultivation room 1, and a gantry support type cultivation bed 5 is provided at a lower portion in the cultivation room 1. By arranging the cultivated strains in a two-tiered manner, a large number of cultivated strains can be cultivated in a small site area, and the yield of fruits can be increased.

  As described above, the nutrient solution supply device 7 of this cultivation facility stores the drainage information at the start of drainage from the cultivation bed (5) discharged after the start of the supply of the nutrient solution to the cultivation bed (5). A liquid supply control means for controlling the supply of the nutrient solution to the cultivation bed (5) based on the liquid supply is provided. Therefore, the supply of the nutrient solution to the cultivation bed (5) is controlled based on the drainage information at the start of drainage from the cultivation bed (5). The supply of nutrient solution can be controlled in real time with good responsiveness, and plant cultivation can be performed accurately.

  The liquid supply control means is configured to perform control based on a delay time from the start of supply of a nutrient solution to the cultivation bed (5) to the detection of drainage from the cultivation bed (5). Therefore, based on the delay time from the start of the supply of the nutrient solution to the cultivation bed (5) to the detection of the drainage from the cultivation bed (5), the supply of the nutrient solution is controlled in real time with good responsiveness. And cultivation of plants can be performed accurately.

  Further, the liquid supply control means is configured to perform control based on a drainage amount per unit time.

  Therefore, based on the amount of drainage per unit time at the start of drainage from the cultivation bed (5), the supply of nutrient solution can be controlled in real time with good responsiveness, and plant cultivation can be accurately performed. I can do it.

  Further, the liquid supply control means is configured to control the liquid supply by correcting the time interval until the next liquid supply or the liquid supply amount. Therefore, since the supply of water is controlled by correcting the time interval until the next supply or the supply amount, the supply of the nutrient solution can be controlled in real time with good responsiveness, and plant cultivation can be accurately performed.

  Further, the liquid supply control means sets a liquid supply available time zone during the day during which liquid can be supplied during the day, and the liquid supply available time every time the integrated solar radiation amount based on the solar radiation amount sensor reaches the set cumulative solar radiation amount. If it is a band, liquid is supplied, and at least a part of the liquid supply available time zone is set as a correction time zone, and the liquid supply available time zone is corrected based on the correction integrated solar radiation in the correction time zone. I have. Therefore, the weather condition is grasped based on the correction integrated solar radiation in the correction time zone, and the liquid supply available time zone is corrected based on the weather condition, thereby preventing excess or shortage of liquid supply according to the weather. And cultivation of plants can be performed accurately.

  Further, an aeration device (131) for aerating and sterilizing the wastewater and a nitrate ion concentration sensor (132) for detecting a nitrate ion concentration of the wastewater are provided, and based on a detection value of the nitrate ion concentration sensor (132). The operation time of the aeration device (131) is corrected. Therefore, since the operation time of the aeration apparatus (131) is corrected based on the nitrate ion concentration, nitrate ions can be properly treated while preventing unnecessary operation of the aeration apparatus (131), and sterilization can be performed. It can be done efficiently.

Reference Signs List 1 cultivation room 3 work moving vehicle 5 cultivation bed 7 nutrient solution supply device 9 passage 26 control unit

Claims (3)

In the cultivation room (1), a large number of rows of cultivation beds (5) are arranged, and a nutrient solution is supplied from the nutrient solution supply device (7) to each cultivation bed (5),
Between the cultivation beds (5), there is provided a passage (9) through which the working vehicle (3) can travel,
The predetermined position in the culture chamber (1) provided with a temperature sensor or compartment humidity sensor measures the ambient temperature or humidity due to time change, temperature sensor or humidity sensor is mounted on a work transport vehicle (3) based on the measurement result Control for correcting the temperature or humidity of each place measured in the above and comparing the temperature or humidity of each place assumed at the same time obtained by the correction to determine the temperature or humidity unevenness in the cultivation room (1) A cultivation facility comprising a part (26) . The work mobile vehicle (3) automatically travels between the cultivation beds (5) at night, photographs the plant at a plurality of photographing positions preset by a camera, and measures the size of the plant based on photographed images at each photographing position. The cultivation facility according to claim 1, further comprising an automatic driving mode for recording data. In order to determine the growth amount of the plant by comparing the measured data of the plant of the previous day and the measured data of the plant of the day from the photographed image at the photographing position and record the measured data of the plant, the photograph is taken with a camera. The cultivation facility according to claim 2, wherein the cultivation is performed.

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