JP6568725B2 - Fire detector - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a fire sensor that notifies the occurrence of a fire, and more particularly to a fire sensor that can detect both smoke and toxic gases such as CO gas.
In the description of the members in the present specification, when the directions such as “up” and “down” are indicated, the state in which the fire detector is attached to the ceiling is expressed as a reference.

As a fire detector capable of detecting both smoke and toxic gas, for example, there is one disclosed in Patent Document 1.
The fire detector disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a combination of smoke density, smoke density gradient, elapsed time, and CO concentration gradient, which reduces false alarms due to the installation environment (in the monitored space) and quickly A fire condition can be detected by detecting a fire.
However, Patent Document 1 does not disclose anything about the arrangement and layout of the CO sensor and the smoke detection unit.

Moreover, there is an alarm device disclosed in Patent Document 2 as a fire detector that can detect both smoke and toxic gas and that focuses on the arrangement of the smoke detector and the gas sensor.
The alarm device disclosed in Patent Document 2 is “An alarm device disclosed in Patent Document 2 is another example of a fire detector having a function capable of detecting both toxic gas and smoke. This relates to the arrangement of the gas sensor and the smoke detector, and specifically, is as follows.
“A case that allows the inflow of the gas to be detected and allows the inflow of smoke from the outer periphery, a gas sensor that can detect the gas to be detected that has flowed into the case, a light emitting unit, and a light receiving unit. A photoelectric smoke sensor that senses smoke that has flowed into the case, and a battery housing portion that houses a battery,
The gas sensor, the smoke sensor, and the battery housing portion are
The gas sensor with respect to the smoke sensor is located on the back side of the light emitting unit and the back side of the light receiving unit with respect to the center of the smoke sensor, and with respect to the smoke sensor In a state where the battery housing part is located on the other side of the light emitting part and the light receiving part on the other side with respect to the center of the smoke sensor,
It arrange | positions inside the said case so that at least one part of each occupation range in the thickness direction of the said case may mutually overlap. (See claim 1 of Patent Document 2).

JP 2014-229193 A JP 2012-226656 A

In the alarm device of Patent Document 2, as described above, “the gas sensor is located on either the back side of the light emitting unit or the back side of the light receiving unit with respect to the center of the smoke sensor as a reference. The smoke sensor and the gas sensor are arranged so as to be adjacent to each other in plan view in the case.
For this reason, the area which the smoke sensor and the gas sensor occupy in the same plane is required in the case of the alarm device, and there is a problem that the entire apparatus becomes large.
In addition, since the gas sensor is arranged adjacent to the smoke sensor, the flow of smoke into the smoke sensor from the position where the gas sensor is arranged is obstructed, and the smoke inflow characteristics are biased. There is a problem that a difference in sensitivity of smoke detection is caused.

  Furthermore, in the thing of patent document 2, the smoke sensor and the gas sensor are arrange | positioned adjacently, and the gas detection part in a gas sensor is arrange | positioned on the outer side of smoke detection space. Therefore, as in Patent Document 1, in the case of a detection method in which fire detection is performed early without false detection based on both gas detection and smoke detection information, smoke and gas detection targets. Since the target gas is detected in different spaces, there is a problem that accurate detection is not always possible.

The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and is a fire detector capable of detecting both smoke and toxic gas such as CO gas, and can make the entire apparatus compact. The purpose is to provide a vessel.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a fire detector capable of making a fire judgment accurately and quickly based on gas detection and smoke detection.

(1) The fire detector according to the present invention has a smoke inflow portion that forms all or part of the smoke detection space by blocking the light from the outside while smoke from the outside flows into the smoke detection space. A fire detector comprising: an optical bench having a light emitter that emits light; a light receiver that receives light scattered from the light emitter by smoke particles in the smoke detection space; and a gas sensor that detects gas The gas sensor is disposed above the smoke inflow portion with the fire detector installed on the ceiling, and the detection portion of the gas sensor is attached to detect the gas in the smoke detection space. It is a feature.

(2) Further, in the above (1), an optical bench that forms a part of the smoke detection space above a position where the smoke inflow portion is provided, and the optical bench includes the optical bench. A gas sensor detection unit is arranged, and the smoke inflow unit has a point-symmetric structure with respect to a central point.

(3) Further, in the above-described (1), an optical bench that forms a part of a smoke detection space above a position where the smoke inflow portion is provided, and the optical bench includes the optical bench. A gas sensor detection unit is disposed, and the gas sensor is inserted into the smoke detection space such that a position in the height direction of the gas sensor straddles the smoke inflow unit and the optical bench.

(4) Further, in the above (1), a gas sensor is arranged outside the smoke detection space, and the detection part of the gas sensor faces an opening provided in a ceiling wall forming the smoke detection space. It is characterized by the arrangement.

In the present invention, with the fire detector installed on the ceiling, a gas sensor is disposed above the smoke inflow portion, and the detection portion of the gas sensor is attached so as to detect the gas in the smoke detection space. Since the inflow portion and the gas sensor are arranged so as to overlap each other and the planar exclusive area is small, the entire apparatus can be made compact.
In addition, because the gas sensor is installed so that the gas in the smoke detection space can be detected, the smoke that is the target of smoke detection and the gas that is the target of gas detection are in the same space, and the combination of smoke detection and gas detection When making a fire judgment, the fire detection can be performed accurately and early.

It is a perspective view of the principal part of the fire detector which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a disassembled perspective view of the principal part of the fire detector shown in FIG. It is the disassembled perspective view which looked at the principal part of the fire detector shown in FIG. 1 from the back side. It is sectional drawing of the principal part of the fire detector shown in FIG. It is a perspective view of the principal part of the fire detector which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a disassembled perspective view of the principal part of the fire detector shown in FIG. It is the disassembled perspective view which looked at the principal part of the fire detector shown in FIG. 5 from the back side. It is explanatory drawing of the internal structure of the principal part of the fire detector shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing of the principal part of the fire detector shown in FIG. It is a perspective view of the principal part of the fire detector which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a disassembled perspective view of the principal part of the fire detector shown in FIG. It is the disassembled perspective view which looked at the principal part of the fire detector shown in FIG. 10 from the back side. It is sectional drawing of the principal part of the fire detector shown in FIG.

[Embodiment 1]
A fire detector 1 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. In FIGS. 1 and 4, the state of being attached to the ceiling and the top and bottom are reversed.
The fire detector 1 according to the present embodiment includes a smoke inflow portion 5 that forms part of the smoke detection space 3 and an optical bench that is provided above the smoke inflow portion 5 and forms part of the smoke detection space 3. 7 and a gas sensor 9 for detecting gas.
Hereinafter, each configuration will be described in detail.

<Smoke inflow section>
The smoke inflow part 5 forms a part of the smoke detection space 3, and smoke flows into the smoke detection space 3 from the outside and blocks light from the outside.
As shown in FIG. 2, the smoke inflow portion 5 of the present embodiment has a plurality of labyrinth plates 13 arranged in a cylindrical shape under a donut-shaped plate body 11, and smoke formed by the labyrinth plate 13. The inflow portion is point-symmetric with respect to the center point.
Therefore, the smoke inflow path is uniform over the entire circumference, and there is no bias in the smoke inflow characteristics.
Further, a lid 15 is provided on the lower end surface of the smoke inflow portion 5, and a smoke guide 17 as shown in FIG. 3 is provided on the upper surface of the lid 15.

<Optical stand>
The optical bench 7 is provided above the smoke inflow part 5 and forms part of the smoke detection space 3 in cooperation with the smoke inflow part 5.
The optical bench 7 is composed of a cylindrical frame with a bottom, and the inside of the optical bench 7 is a dark box in which a sawtooth-shaped light trap 19 is formed on the inner peripheral wall.
As shown in FIG. 4, the internal space of the optical bench 7 and the space inside the smoke inflow portion 5 communicate with each other, and this one communicated space is the smoke detection space 3.

<Light emitter, light receiver, shading column>
The light emitter 21, the light receiver 23, and the light blocking column 25 are provided on the optical bench 7, and each member provided on the optical bench 7 does not extend to the smoke inflow portion 5 side.

<Gas sensor>
The gas sensor 9 of the present embodiment is a CO sensor that detects carbon monoxide. The gas sensor 9 has a cylindrical shape, and a detection unit 27 is provided at the tip thereof.
The gas sensor 9 is attached so that the detection unit 27 faces the inside of the optical bench 7 and is inserted into the peripheral wall of the optical bench 7, and the detection unit 27 is disposed inside the optical bench 7 (inside the dark box). ing. That is, the detection unit 27 of the gas sensor 9 is disposed in the smoke detection space 3.

<Other configurations>
A printed circuit board 29 is provided on the upper surface of the optical bench 7, and electrical components (not shown) are mounted thereon. In addition to the main parts shown in FIG. 1, the fire detector 1 is composed of parts such as a casing (not shown) and insect repellent nets.

<Overall layout>
As understood from FIGS. 1 to 4, the lid 15 is installed on the lower end surface of the smoke inflow portion 5, the optical bench 7 is installed above the smoke inflow portion 5, and is inserted into the optical bench 7 from the side. Thus, the gas sensor 9 is arranged. For this reason, the smoke inflow part 5 and the gas sensor 9 (a part of the gas sensor 9) are arranged so as to overlap each other.

The fire detector 1 configured as described above is installed on the ceiling surface, and smoke generated at the time of the fire flows along the ceiling surface and flows into the smoke detection space 3 through the smoke inflow portion 5. When smoke flows into the smoke detection space 3, the light from the light emitter 21 is incident on the light receiver 23 due to the scattering of smoke, thereby detecting the smoke.
On the other hand, carbon monoxide generated during the fire flows into the smoke detection space 3 and is detected by the detection unit 27 of the gas sensor 9 in the smoke detection space 3.

In the fire detector 1 of the present invention, a specific method for detecting a fire is not particularly limited. For example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, a combination of both detection of smoke and detection of carbon monoxide. Can be configured to sense fire.
Further, as disclosed in Patent Document 2, smoke detection and gas detection may be independently detected and alarmed.

The fire detector 1 of the present embodiment configured as described above can exhibit various effects as described below.
(A) The smoke inflow portion 5 and the gas sensor 9 are arranged so as to overlap each other, and the planar exclusive area is reduced. Therefore, the entire apparatus can be made compact.
(B) Moreover, since the detection part 27 of the gas sensor 9 is arrange | positioned in the smoke detection space 3, the smoke used as smoke detection object and the gas used as gas detection object are in the same space, and false detection is carried out. Less fire detection can be performed accurately.
(C) Further, in the present embodiment, the smoke inflow part 5 is point-symmetrically structured by arranging the light emitter 21, the light receiver 23, and the gas sensor 9 on the optical bench 7 so as not to extend toward the smoke inflow part 5. The smoke inflow characteristic is not biased.

[Embodiment 2]
The fire detector according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 5-9, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the part equivalent to Embodiment 1. FIG.
Hereinafter, the fire detector 30 of the second embodiment will be described focusing on differences from the fire detector 1 of the first embodiment.

In the first embodiment, in order to make the smoke inflow part 5 have a point-symmetric structure, the gas sensor 9 is inserted into the optical stage 7 without extending the member installed on the optical stage 7 to the smoke inflow part 5 side. It has a structure to do.
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5, in the fire detector 30 of the present embodiment, the gas sensor 9 is located above the smoke inflow part 5, but the middle position in the height direction of the smoke inflow part 5 It is inserted into the smoke detection space 3 so as to straddle the side wall of the optical bench 7.
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7, the labyrinth plate 13 where the gas sensor 9 is disposed is provided on the lid body 15 side, and after the gas sensor 9 is installed, the lid body 15 is installed so that the smoke inflow portion 5 is It has a completed structure.

  In this embodiment, in addition to the effects (a) and (b) described in the first embodiment, the thickness in the height direction can be reduced, and the fire detector 1 can be made thinner. The effect is obtained.

[Embodiment 3]
A fire detector according to Embodiment 3 will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 to 13, the same reference numerals are given to the same parts as those in the first embodiment.
Similarly to the first embodiment, the fire detector 31 according to the present embodiment is provided with a smoke inflow portion 5 that forms a part of the smoke detection space 3, and the smoke detection space 3 provided above the smoke inflow portion 5. Are provided with an optical bench 7 that forms part of the gas sensor 9 and a gas sensor 9 that detects gas.
Hereinafter, each configuration will be described in detail.

<Smoke inflow section>
The smoke inflow part 5 is the same as that of the first embodiment in that smoke enters from the outside and blocks light from the outside, but the smoke inflow part 5 of the present embodiment is connected to the optical bench 7. The point where the labyrinth plate 13 is formed upright is different from the first embodiment. Therefore, in the third embodiment, almost the entire smoke detection space 3 is configured by the internal space of the smoke inflow portion 5.

  A lid 15 is provided on the lower side of the smoke inflow portion 5. The cover 15 is provided with a cover 32 that covers the light emitter 21 and the light receiver 23.

<Optical stand>
The optical bench 7 of the present embodiment is formed of a cylindrical body having a ceiling plate 7a on a peripheral wall having a low height, and a light emitter 21, a light receiver 23, and a light shielding column 25 are installed. As shown in FIG. 13, the light emitter 21, the light receiver 23, and the light shielding column 25 are arranged so that a part thereof overlaps the labyrinth plate 13 in the height direction.
A through hole 33 is provided in the ceiling plate 7 a of the optical bench 7.

By configuring the smoke inflow portion 5 as described above, the space surrounded by the smoke inflow portion 5 and the lid body 15 is almost the entire smoke detection space 3.
The ceiling plate 7a of the optical bench 7 corresponds to the ceiling wall forming the smoke detection space 3 in the present invention.

<Gas sensor>
The gas sensor 9 of the present embodiment is a CO sensor that detects carbon monoxide as in the first and second embodiments. As shown in FIG. 12, the gas sensor 9 has a rectangular shape, and the detection unit 27 is provided on the lower surface.
The gas sensor 9 is disposed on the upper surface side of the optical bench 7 so as to close the through hole 33 (see FIG. 12), and the detection unit 27 faces the through hole 33.

As described above, the point that the gas sensor 9 is provided outside the smoke detection space 3 is also different from the first and second embodiments.
However, since the gas flowing into the smoke detection space 3 is detected by the detection unit 27 of the gas sensor 9 through the through-hole 33, the embodiment is that the gas in the smoke detection space 3 is detected by the gas sensor 9. 1 and 2 are the same.

In addition to the effects (a) and (b) described in the first embodiment, the fire detector 31 of the present embodiment configured as described above can exhibit the following effects.
Since the gas sensor 9 is provided above the smoke detection space 3 and outside the smoke detection space 3, there is no need to consider the arrangement of the gas sensor 9 in the member forming the smoke detection space 3, so the structure is extremely Be simple.
In addition, since the rectangular gas sensor 9 is arranged on the upper surface side of the optical bench 7, it can be used as a fire detector that only detects smoke by closing the through hole 33. By adopting a possible structure (for example, providing a seal for closing the through-hole 33), the optical bench 7 can be configured with the fire detector for detecting smoke and gas and the fire detector for detecting only smoke. It can be shared, and by doing so, the cost of the optical bench 7 can be reduced.

  In this embodiment, a gas sensor that detects carbon monoxide is used. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a gas sensor that detects other gases may be used. In this case, if it is a gas sensor that detects harmful gases, a fire detector that integrates a fire detector by detecting smoke and a gas detector that detects harmful gases can be obtained, and gas derived from fire can be detected. If it is a gas sensor, the fire detector which can judge a fire more correctly and early by the combination of both detection of smoke and detection of gas can be obtained. In this case, the fire-derived gas is not limited to harmful gas, and may be harmless, for example, water vapor.

  Further, the shape of the gas sensor is not limited to the present embodiment, and the gas sensor may be disposed above the smoke inflow portion, and the detection portion of the gas sensor may be attached so as to detect the gas in the smoke detection space.

1 Fire detector (Embodiment 1)
3 Smoke detection space 5 Smoke inflow section 7 Optical stand 7a Ceiling board (Embodiment 3)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 9 Gas sensor 11 Plate body 13 Labyrinth board 15 Cover body 17 Smoke guide 19 Optical trap 21 Light emitter 23 Light receiver 25 Light shielding column 27 Detection part 29 Printed circuit board 30 Fire detector (Embodiment 2)
31 Fire detector (Embodiment 3)
32 Cover body 33 Through hole

Claims (1)

A smoke inflow portion that forms smoke smoke from the outside and blocks light from outside and forms a whole or part of the smoke detection space, a light emitter that emits light toward the smoke detection space, and the smoke detection space A fire detector comprising: an optical bench having a light receiver that receives light scattered from the light emitter by the smoke particles; and a gas sensor for detecting gas,
With the fire detector installed on the ceiling, a gas sensor is disposed on the outside of the smoke detection space above the smoke inflow portion, and an opening provided in the ceiling wall forming the smoke detection space is disposed in the gas sensor. A fire detector characterized by being placed facing the detector.

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