JP6545693B2 - 活性炭を含む吸着剤の製造方法 - Google Patents
活性炭を含む吸着剤の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6545693B2 JP6545693B2 JP2016548826A JP2016548826A JP6545693B2 JP 6545693 B2 JP6545693 B2 JP 6545693B2 JP 2016548826 A JP2016548826 A JP 2016548826A JP 2016548826 A JP2016548826 A JP 2016548826A JP 6545693 B2 JP6545693 B2 JP 6545693B2
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Classifications
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- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
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- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
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- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/32—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
- C01B32/318—Preparation characterised by the starting materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
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Description
すなわち、本発明には、以下の好適な実施態様が含まれる。
〔1〕活性炭を含む吸着剤の製造方法であって、吸着剤を複数段階に亘って成型する成型工程を含み、該成型工程における最終段階の成型は打錠成型によって行われる製造方法。
〔2〕成型工程を湿式成型によって行う、前記〔1〕に記載の製造方法。
〔3〕吸着剤は、打錠成型における臼の深さ方向の吸着剤の長さである粒長の標準偏差が0.03〜0.2である、前記〔1〕または〔2〕に記載の製造方法。
〔4〕吸着剤は、打錠成型における臼の深さ方向に直交する、最も短い吸着剤の長さである短径および最も長い吸着剤の長さである長径それぞれの標準偏差が0.02〜0.1である、前記〔1〕〜〔3〕のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
〔5〕最終段階における成型以外の各成型が、打錠成型、油圧押出成型、ペレットミル成型、転動造粒成型および整粒機による成型からなる群から選択される1以上の成型である、前記〔1〕〜〔4〕のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
〔6〕活性炭は、ヤシ殻、石炭、木質および合成樹脂からなる群から選択される1以上の原料から製造される、前記〔1〕〜〔5〕のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
〔7〕吸着剤は、その原料としてカルボキシルメチルセルロース、メチルセルロース、ポリビニルアルコール、粘土鉱物、ベントナイト、変性アクリル酸エステル共重合体およびフェノール樹脂からなる群から選択される1以上のバインダーを含む、前記〔1〕〜〔6〕のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
〔8〕吸着剤は、ガスマスク、溶剤回収装置、脱臭剤または自動車燃料蒸散防止装置に用いる吸着剤である、前記〔1〕〜〔7〕のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
〔9〕球状、立方体状、直方体状、円柱状、円錐状、円錐台状、多面体状、多角錐状、角錐台状、ドーナツ状、筒状、中空状およびハニカム状からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの形状を有し、粒長の標準偏差が0.03〜0.2である、吸着剤。
〔10〕粒長に直交する、最も短い吸着剤の長さである短径および最も長い吸着剤の長さである長径それぞれの標準偏差が0.02〜0.1である、前記〔9〕に記載の吸着剤。
〔11〕前記〔9〕または〔10〕に記載の吸着剤を含むガスマスク。
〔12〕前記〔9〕または〔10〕に記載の吸着剤を含む溶剤回収装置。
〔13〕前記〔9〕または〔10〕に記載の吸着剤を含む脱臭剤。
〔14〕前記〔9〕または〔10〕に記載の吸着剤を含む自動車燃料蒸散防止装置。
本発明の活性炭を含む吸着剤の製造方法は、吸着剤を複数段階に亘って成型する成型工程を含み、成型工程における最終段階の成型は打錠成型によって行われる。
・打錠成型機
株式会社菊水製作所製AQU3−Aを用いて、材料充填深さ13mm、回転盤回転数25rpm、成型圧3kNで行った。
・油圧押出機
TAIYO社製2FY100B140B300−ABを用いて、打錠成型を行った。
・ペレットミル
上田鉄工社製 10HPペレットミルを用いてペレットミル成型を行った。
・転動造粒装置
株式会社ダルトン製のスパルタン・リューザーRMO−4Hを用いて行った。
・整粒機
株式会社菊水製作所製OG−1を用いて、目開き1mmの網を設置し整粒を行った。
無煙炭を原料とする石炭系活性炭(比表面積1650m2/g)をボールミルにて粉砕し、本発明においてはこれを、石炭を原料とする活性炭とした。(株)島津製作所製の回折式粒度分布計で粉砕物の粒子径を測定したところ、D50=32μmであった。
・ベントナイト
株式会社ホージュン製「穂高TM」
・粘土鉱物
共立マテリアル株式会社製「八草木節」
・カルボキシルメチルセルロース
第一工業製薬株式会社製「セロゲンTMWS−A」
・メチルセルロース
信越化学工業株式会社製「メトローズTM60SH−4000」
活性炭2kg、カルボキシルメチルセルロース0.22kg、ベントナイト1.5kgおよび水2.68kgをダルトン製万能攪拌機ヘンシェルミキサーに投入して均一に攪拌、混合した。この混合物を第1成型段階においてペレットミルによって成型し、円柱状の成型体(粒径[短径および長径]0.8mm、粒長4mm)を得た。ここで、得られた成型体の圧壊強度を測定した。次に、得られた成型体を、最終段階における打錠成型によって、成型圧3kN、材料充填深さ13mm、円柱状、回転盤回転数25rpmの運転条件で室温にて成型し、最終的に円柱状の成型体(粒径[短径および長径]5mm、粒長5mm)を得た。その後、焼成炉を用いて900℃、窒素雰囲気下において、1時間にわたって成型体を加熱し、吸着剤を得た。
表1に示す配合に従って、実施例1と同様に各成分をそれぞれ混合した。この混合物を第1成型段階においてペレットミルによって成型し、円柱状の成型体(粒径[短径および長径]0.8mm、粒長3mm)を得た。次に、得られた成型体を第2成型段階において整粒機によって成型し、円柱状の成型体(粒径[短径および長径]0.8mm、粒長1mm)を得た。ここで、得られた成型体の圧壊強度を測定した。その後、最終段階の成型において、実施例1と同様に打錠成型を行い、円柱状の成型体(粒径[短径および長径]5mm、粒長5mm)を得た。その後、焼成炉を用いて900℃、窒素雰囲気下において、1時間にわたって成型体を加熱し、吸着剤を得た。
表1に示す配合に従って、実施例1と同様に各成分をそれぞれ混合し、表1に示す成型方法によって、実施例1または2と同様に、円柱状の成型体(粒径[短径および長径]5mm、粒長5mm)を得た。また、最終段階における打錠成型直前の成型によって得られる成型体の圧壊強度を測定した。その後、900℃、窒素雰囲気下において、1時間にわたって成型体を加熱し、吸着剤を得た。
表1に示す配合に従って、実施例1と同様に各成分をそれぞれ混合した。この混合物を油圧押出機によって成型し、円柱状の成型体(粒径[短径および長径]5mm、粒長5mm)を得た。その後、乾燥機を用いて900℃、窒素雰囲気下において、1時間にわたって成型体を加熱し、吸着剤を得た。
表1に示す配合に従って、実施例1と同様に各成分をそれぞれ混合し、表1に示す成型方法によって、実施例1または比較例1と同様に、円柱状の成型体(粒径[短径および長径]5mm、粒長5mm)を得た。また、最終段階における打錠成型直前の成型によって得られる成型体の圧壊強度を測定した。その後、900℃、窒素雰囲気下において、1時間にわたって成型体を加熱し、吸着剤を得た。
一方、比較例1〜12においては、本発明による吸着剤と比較して、吸着剤の粒径および粒長の標準偏差が低く、そのサイズが不均一であり、本発明の課題を達成することはできなかった。
Claims (13)
- 活性炭を含む吸着剤の製造方法であって、吸着剤を複数段階に亘って成型する成型工程を含み、該成型工程における最終段階の成型は最終段階の成型直前の成型によって得られる成型体に対する打錠成型によって行われ、該成型体は0.5kgf以上の圧壊強度を有し、ここで、最終段階における成型以外の各段階における成型は打錠成型、油圧押出成型、ペレットミル成型、転動造粒成型および整粒機による成型からなる群から選択される1以上の成型によって行われる、製造方法。
- 成型工程を湿式成型によって行う、請求項1に記載の製造方法。
- 吸着剤は、打錠成型における臼の深さ方向の吸着剤の長さである粒長の標準偏差が0.03〜0.2である、請求項1または2に記載の製造方法。
- 吸着剤は、打錠成型における臼の深さ方向に直交する、最も短い吸着剤の長さである短径および最も長い吸着剤の長さである長径それぞれの標準偏差が0.02〜0.1である、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
- 活性炭は、ヤシ殻、石炭、木質および合成樹脂からなる群から選択される1以上の原料から製造される、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
- 吸着剤は、その原料としてカルボキシルメチルセルロース、メチルセルロース、ポリビニルアルコール、粘土鉱物、ベントナイト、変性アクリル酸エステル共重合体およびフェノール樹脂からなる群から選択される1以上のバインダーを含む、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
- 吸着剤は、ガスマスク、溶剤回収装置、脱臭剤または自動車燃料蒸散防止装置に用いる吸着剤である、請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
- 活性炭を含む吸着剤であって、球状、立方体状、直方体状、円柱状、円錐状、円錐台状、多面体状、多角錐状、角錐台状、ドーナツ状、筒状、中空状およびハニカム状からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの形状を有し、粒長の標準偏差が0.03〜0.2である、吸着剤。
- 粒長に直交する、最も短い吸着剤の長さである短径および最も長い吸着剤の長さである長径それぞれの標準偏差が0.02〜0.1である、請求項8に記載の吸着剤。
- 請求項8または9に記載の吸着剤を含むガスマスク。
- 請求項8または9に記載の吸着剤を含む溶剤回収装置。
- 請求項8または9に記載の吸着剤を含む脱臭剤。
- 請求項8または9に記載の吸着剤を含む自動車燃料蒸散防止装置。
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US8501663B2 (en) | 2009-06-26 | 2013-08-06 | Universidad Autonoma De Puebla | Process for obtaining an adsorbent from a waste material and use of the adsorbent |
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WO2016043049A1 (ja) | 2016-03-24 |
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