JP6531381B2 - Sheet manufacturing apparatus and sheet manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a sheet manufacturing apparatus and a sheet manufacturing method.

BACKGROUND Conventionally, a sheet manufacturing apparatus that manufactures a sheet using waste paper as a raw material is known. Then, Patent Document 1 describes a paper reclamation apparatus that disintegrates a piece of paper into a fibrous form in a dry fibrillation machine and shapes the paper. The paper reclamation apparatus described in Patent Document 1 is for producing a sheet of a desired size by cutting the produced web (recycled paper) with a cutter in a direction intersecting the transport direction.

However, in such a paper reclamation apparatus, the sheet may be partially blackened when producing sheets using waste paper as a raw material, or fiber lumps may be mixed into the sheets when using a dry fiberizer. There is. In addition, not only dry paper reclamation devices but also wet paper reclamation devices can produce wrinkles on the sheet when producing pressure and heat during sheet production, and deposit fibers on mesh-like moving objects. In some cases, uneven deposition may occur on the sheet.

JP, 2012-144819, A

One of the objects in accordance with some aspects of the present invention is to provide a sheet manufacturing apparatus capable of detecting the formation of a sheet.

The present invention has been made to solve at least a part of the above-mentioned problems, and can be realized as the following aspects or application examples.

One aspect of the sheet manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention is
What is claimed is: 1. A sheet manufacturing apparatus comprising: a forming unit that deposits a material including fibers and forms a sheet by pressure heating;
It is characterized by having a detection part which detects formation of the above-mentioned sheet.

In such a sheet manufacturing apparatus, the texture of the sheet can be detected by the detection unit, and a defective sheet can be detected using the detection result.

In the sheet manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention,
The detection unit may be an optical sensor that emits light from one side of the sheet and receives light from the other side, and may detect the texture over the entire surface of the sheet.

In such a sheet manufacturing apparatus, by detecting the entire surface of the sheet by the optical sensor, it is possible to detect even if there is a defect in a part of the sheet.

In the sheet manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention,
A loading unit for loading the relatively good formation of the sheet;
A path may be provided to prevent the relatively poor formation of the sheet from going to the stacking unit.

In such a sheet manufacturing apparatus, a relatively poor sheet can be separated from a relatively good sheet and a relatively bad sheet because it goes to a separate path.

In the sheet manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention,
The sheet having relatively poor texture may be provided with a marking unit.

In such a sheet manufacturing apparatus, it is possible to recognize that the texture is relatively bad by marking the sheet in the application unit.

One aspect of the sheet manufacturing method according to the present invention is
What is claimed is: 1. A sheet manufacturing method comprising: depositing a material containing fibers and heating the sheet to form a sheet,
The formation of the sheet is detected.

In such a sheet manufacturing method, the texture of the sheet can be detected, and the detection result can be used to detect a defective sheet.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The figure which shows typically the sheet manufacturing apparatus which concerns on this embodiment. FIG. 2 is a side view schematically showing a detection unit and a switching unit of the sheet manufacturing apparatus according to the present embodiment. The top view which shows typically the detection part of the sheet manufacturing apparatus which concerns on this embodiment. (A) The graph which shows the intensity | strength of the transmitted light in the width direction of a sheet | seat, and the graph which carried out the movement averaging process of the (b) the graph. Histogram of transmitted light intensity in the sheet plane. The side view which shows typically the detection part and the provision part in the 1st modification of the sheet manufacturing apparatus which concerns on this embodiment.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that the embodiments described below do not unduly limit the contents of the present invention described in the claims. Further, not all of the configurations described below are necessarily essential configuration requirements of the present invention.

1. Sheet manufacturing apparatus 1.1. Configuration First, a sheet manufacturing apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. Figure 1
These are figures which show the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100 concerning this embodiment typically.

As shown in FIG. 1, the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100 includes a supply unit 10, a manufacturing unit 102, and a control unit 140. The manufacturing unit 102 manufactures a sheet. The manufacturing unit 102 includes the crushing unit 12
, The classification unit 30, the sorting unit 40, the mixing unit 50, the deposition unit 60, the web forming unit 70, the sheet forming unit 80, and the cutting unit 90. .

The supply unit 10 supplies the raw material to the crushing unit 12. The feeding unit 10 is, for example, an automatic feeding unit for continuously feeding the raw material into the crushing unit 12.

The crushing unit 12 cuts the raw material supplied by the supply unit 10 into small pieces in the air.
The shape and size of the strip are, for example, several cm square. In the illustrated example, the crushing unit 12
It has a crushing blade 14 and can cut the input material by the crushing blade 14. As the crushing part 12, a shredder is used, for example. The raw material cut by the crushing unit 12 is received by the hopper 1 and then transferred (conveyed) to the defibrating unit 20 through the pipe 2.

The fibrillation unit 20 disintegrates the raw material cut by the crushing unit 12. Here, "we break up"
The term "unravels" a raw material (broken fiber) in which a plurality of fibers are bound into one fiber. The defibrating unit 20 also has a function of separating substances such as resin particles, ink, toner, and anti-smearing agents attached to the raw material from fibers.

What passed through the defibrating unit 20 is referred to as "defibrated material". “Diswoven materials” include, in addition to disentangled fibrillated fibers, resin particles (resin for binding a plurality of fibers) particles separated from the fibers when disentangling fibers, ink, toner, etc. And additives such as anti-smearing agents and paper strength agents. The shape of the defibrated material is in the form of a string or a ribbon. The disentangled disaggregated material may exist in a non-entangled state (independent state) with other disentangled fibers, or as entangled with other disentangled disintegrated objects It may exist in a state (in a state of forming a so-called "dummy").

The defibrating unit 20 disintegrates in a dry state in the air (in the air). Specifically, the defibrating unit 20
Use an impeller mill as The defibrating unit 20 has a function of generating a gas flow that sucks in the raw material and discharges the defibrated material. Thereby, the defibrating unit 20 can suck the raw material from the introduction port 22 together with the air flow by the air flow generated by itself, carry out the disintegration processing, and transport it to the discharge port 24. The defibrated material that has passed through the defibrating unit 20 is transferred to the classification unit 30 via the pipe 3.

The classifying unit 30 classifies the defibrated material that has passed through the defibrating unit 20. Specifically, the classification unit 30
Among the defibrated materials, those which are relatively small or low in density (resin particles, coloring agents, additives, etc.) are separated and removed. This makes it possible to increase the proportion of relatively large or dense fibers among the fibrillated materials.

An air flow classifier is used as the classification unit 30. An airflow classifier generates swirling airflow,
It is separated by the difference in centrifugal force received by the size and density of the product being classified,
The classification point can be adjusted by adjusting the speed of air flow and centrifugal force. In particular,
As the classification unit 30, a cyclone, an elbow jet, an Eddy classifier, or the like is used. In particular, a cyclone as illustrated can be suitably used as the classification unit 30 because the structure is simple.

The classification unit 30 has, for example, an inlet 31, a cylindrical portion 32 to which the inlet 31 is connected, an inverted conical portion 33 located below the cylindrical portion 32 and continuous with the cylindrical portion 32, an inverted conical portion 33 A lower outlet 34 provided at the center of the lower portion of the lower portion and an upper outlet 3 provided at the upper center of the cylindrical portion 32
5 and.

In the classification unit 30, the air flow loaded with the defibrated material introduced from the introduction port 31 is changed to circumferential movement in the cylindrical unit 32. Thereby, centrifugal force is applied to the introduced defibrated material, and the classification unit 30
Among the defibrated materials, fibers (first classified) that are larger in density than resin particles and ink particles, and in resin fibers and coloring agents and additives that are smaller in density and smaller than fibers in defibrated materials Can be separated into two classes. The first fraction is discharged from the lower outlet 34 and introduced into the sorting unit 40 via the pipe 4. On the other hand, the second fraction is received from the upper discharge port 35 via the pipe 5 and the receiving portion 36
Discharged into

The sorting unit 40 introduces the first fraction that has passed through the sorting unit 30 from the inlet 42 and sorts according to the length of the fiber. As the sorting unit 40, for example, a sieve is used. The sorting unit 40 has a net (filter, screen) and is contained in the first fraction, with fibers or particles smaller than the mesh size of the net (that passes through the net, the first sort), and It can be separated from fibers larger than the size of the opening, undivided pieces and lumps (those not passing through the net, second sorted matter). For example, the first sorted matter is received by the hopper 6 and then transferred to the mixing unit 50 via the pipe 7. The second sorted matter is returned from the discharge port 44 to the defibrating unit 20 via the pipe 8. Specifically, the sorting unit 40 is a cylindrical sieve that can be rotated by a motor. Sorting unit 40
For example, a wire mesh, an expanded metal obtained by extending a metal plate with cuts, and a punching metal in which holes are formed in a metal plate by a press machine or the like are used.

The mixing unit 50 mixes the first sorted matter that has passed through the sorting unit 40 with an additive containing a resin. The mixing unit 50 includes an additive supply unit 52 for supplying an additive, a pipe 54 for transporting the sorted matter and the additive, and a blower 56. In the illustrated example, the additive is supplied from the additive supply unit 52 to the pipe 54 via the hopper 9. The tube 54 is continuous with the tube 7.

In the mixing section 50, an air flow can be generated by the blower 56, and can be conveyed while mixing the first sorted matter and the additive in the pipe 54. The mechanism for mixing the first sorted matter and the additive is not particularly limited, and may be stirring with a blade rotating at a high speed, or using rotation of the container like a V-type mixer. It may be.

As the additive supply unit 52, a screw feeder as shown in FIG. 1, a disc feeder (not shown) or the like is used. The additive supplied from the additive supply unit 52 includes a resin for binding a plurality of fibers. When the resin is supplied, the plurality of fibers are not bound. The resin is melted when passing through the sheet forming unit 80 to bind a plurality of fibers.

The resin supplied from the additive supply unit 52 is a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin, and, for example, AS resin, ABS resin, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, acrylic resin, polyester resin, polyethylene terephthalate, Polyphenylene ether, polybutylene terephthalate, nylon, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyacetal, polyphenylene sulfide, polyether ether ketone, and the like.
These resins may be used alone or in combination as appropriate. The additive supplied from the additive supply unit 52 may be fibrous or powdery.

In addition, according to the type of sheet to be manufactured, in addition to the resin for binding the fibers, the additives supplied from the additive supply unit 52 prevent the coloring agent for coloring the fibers and the aggregation of the fibers. In order to make it hard to burn, an anti-flocculating material for the purpose, a fiber and the like may be contained. Mixing unit 5
The mixture passing through 0 (the mixture of the first fraction and the additive) is passed through the pipe 54 to the deposition section 60.
Transported to

The deposition unit 60 introduces the mixture having passed through the mixing unit 50 from the inlet 62, loosens the entangled disintegrated material (fiber), and causes the mixture to fall in the air while falling. Furthermore, if the resin of the additive supplied from the additive supply unit 52 is fibrous, the deposition unit 60 loosens the entangled resin. Thus, the deposition unit 60 can deposit the mixture uniformly on the web forming unit 70.

As the deposition unit 60, a sieve of a rotating cylinder is used. The deposition unit 60 has a mesh, and the mixing unit 5
The fibers or particles (which pass through the mesh) smaller than the size of the mesh opening are dropped in the mixture that has passed 0. The configuration of the deposition unit 60 is, for example, the same as the configuration of the sorting unit 40.

In addition, the "sieve" of the deposition part 60 does not need to have a function which screens a specific target object.
That is, the term “sieve” used as the deposition unit 60 means one provided with a net, and the deposition unit 60 may drop all of the mixture introduced into the deposition unit 60.

The web forming unit 70 deposits the passing material that has passed through the depositing unit 60 to form the web W.
The web forming unit 70 includes, for example, a mesh belt 72, a tension roller 74, and a suction mechanism 76.

While moving, the mesh belt 72 deposits the passing material that has passed through the opening (opening of the net) of the deposition unit 60. The mesh belt 72 is stretched by a stretching roller 74 so as to make it difficult for the passing material to pass through and air to pass through. The mesh belt 72 moves as the tension roller 74 rotates. The web W is formed on the mesh belt 72 as the material passing through the stacking unit 60 is continuously deposited while the mesh belt 72 moves continuously. The mesh belt 72 is, for example, metal, resin, cloth, non-woven fabric, or the like.

The suction mechanism 76 is provided below the mesh belt 72 (opposite to the side of the deposition unit 60). The suction mechanism 76 directs the air flow downward (from the deposition unit 60 to the mesh belt 7).
2) can be generated. The suction mechanism 76 can suction the mixture dispersed in the air by the deposition unit 60 onto the mesh belt 72. Thereby, the discharge speed from the deposition unit 60 can be increased. Furthermore, suction mechanism 7
6, it is possible to form a downflow in the dropping path of the mixture, and to prevent entanglement of defibrated substances and additives during dropping.

As described above, by passing through the deposition unit 60 and the web forming unit 70 (web forming step), the web W containing a large amount of air and in a soft and bloated state is formed. Mesh belt 7
The web W deposited in 2 is conveyed to the sheet forming unit 80.

In the illustrated example, a humidity control unit 78 that adjusts the humidity of the web W is provided. The humidity control unit 78 can add water or steam to the web W to adjust the amount ratio of the web W to water.

The sheet forming unit 80 applies pressure heating to the web W deposited on the mesh belt 72 to form a sheet S.
Molding. In the sheet forming unit 80, heat is applied to the mixture of the defibrated material and the additive mixed in the web W to bind a plurality of fibers in the mixture to each other via the additive (resin). Can.

As the sheet forming unit 80, for example, a heating roller (heater roller), a heat press molding machine, a hot plate, a hot air blower, an infrared heater, and a flash fixing device are used. In the illustrated example, the sheet forming unit 80 includes a first bonding portion 82 and a second bonding portion 84, and the bonding portion 82.
, 84 each have a pair of heating rollers 86. By configuring the binding portions 82 and 84 as the heating roller 86, the web W is continuously conveyed while compared to the case where the binding portions 82 and 84 are configured as a plate-like pressing device (flat plate pressing device). The sheet S can be formed. The number of heating rollers 86 is not particularly limited.

The cutting unit 90 cuts the sheet S formed by the sheet forming unit 80. In the illustrated example, the cutting unit 90 includes a first cutting unit 92 for cutting the sheet S in a direction intersecting the conveyance direction of the sheet S, and a second cutting unit 94 for cutting the sheet S in a direction parallel to the conveyance direction. ,have.
The second cutting unit 94 cuts, for example, the sheet S that has passed through the first cutting unit 92.

As described above, a single-cut sheet S of a predetermined size is formed. Cut sheet S of cut sheet
Is discharged to the discharge unit 96.

1.2. Detection Unit The detection unit 91 of the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.
FIG. 2 is a side view schematically showing a detection unit 91 and a switching unit 95 which are a part of the forming unit 106 of the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100 according to this embodiment, and FIG. 3 schematically shows the detection unit 91. It is a top view. In FIGS. 2 and 3, the deposition unit 20 located upstream of the forming unit 106 in the conveyance direction M.
The sheet forming unit 80 is omitted, and the second cutting unit 94 on the downstream side in the conveyance direction M is omitted. Moreover, in the following description, the expressions "upstream side" and "downstream side" mean "upstream side in the conveyance direction M" and "downstream side in the conveyance direction M".

The forming unit 106 of the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 2 is the deposition unit 60 described with reference to FIG.
, A web forming unit 70, a sheet forming unit 80, a cutting unit 90, and a discharge unit 96,
In FIG. 2, the cutting part 90 and the discharge part 96 are shown. The forming unit 106 deposits a material including fibers, and heats the material to form a continuous sheet S1 (single-cut sheet S2). The forming unit 106 further includes a detection unit 91 and a switching unit 95 between the sheet forming unit 80 and the discharge unit 96 illustrated in FIG. 1 as illustrated in FIG. 2.

The detection unit 91 detects the formation of the continuous sheet S1. By detecting the formation of the continuous sheet S1 by the detection unit 91, for example, a defective sheet which does not satisfy a predetermined reference can be detected. When the detection unit 91 is disposed downstream of the first cutting unit 92, the detection unit 91 detects the formation of the cut sheet S2.

Here, the term "formation" refers to the geology of the continuous sheet S1 or cut sheet S2, and specifically, when light is applied from one surface of the continuous sheet S1 as shown in the following experimental example. Refers to the degree of difference in density found in That is, "a sheet having a relatively good texture" refers to the continuous sheet S1 or cut sheet S2 having a small difference in density.

The detection unit 91 is an optical sensor that emits light from one side of the continuous sheet S1 and receives light from the other side. In FIG. 1, the detection unit 91 arranges the light source unit 91a above the continuous sheet S1, and arranges the reading unit 91b at a position facing the light source unit 91a with the continuous sheet S1 interposed therebetween. Reading unit 9
1b reads the light transmitted through the continuous sheet S1 among the light emitted from the light source unit 91a.
To receive light.

The light source unit 91a is a known light source used for an optical sensor, and for example, a semiconductor light emitting element (LED (Light Emitting Diode)) or a semiconductor laser element (a light emitting diode).
LD (Laser Diode) can be used.

The reading unit 91b can change the output according to the intensity of the received light (light transmitted through the continuous sheet S1), and may use a known light detector used for an optical sensor. it can. As such a photodetector, for example, the photoelectric effect can be used,
It is possible to use a CCD line sensor in which light receiving elements are arranged in a line, an area sensor capable of two-dimensionally detecting the light receiving elements arranged in the vertical and horizontal directions, and the like.

The reading unit 91b can detect texture on the entire surface of the continuous sheet S1. That is, after being cut by the first cutting unit 92, the reading unit 91b detects the texture of the entire surface of the cut sheet S2. By detecting the entire surface of the continuous sheet S1 by the reading unit 91b, it is possible to detect a defect even if there is a defect in a part of the continuous sheet S1.

Here, the "whole surface" of the continuous sheet S1 may be literally the entire surface or substantially the entire surface. For example, the substantially entire surface of the continuous sheet S1 may be a portion to be a product in the continuous sheet S1 (that is, the entire surface of the single-cut sheet S2).

As shown in FIG. 3, the detection unit 91 is disposed over the entire width of the continuous sheet S1 or is disposed so as to be able to detect the formation over at least the entire width SW of the single-cut sheet S2. Reading unit 9
When 1 b is a line sensor, the texture of the entire surface of the continuous sheet S1 can be detected by reading in a predetermined cycle according to the moving speed of the continuous sheet S1 in the transport direction M.

The reading unit 91 b outputs information on the detected light to the control unit 140. The control unit 140 can control each processing unit on the downstream side based on the information from the reading unit 91 b.

Since the detection unit 91 is disposed upstream of the first cutting unit 92, the target in the detection unit 91 is described as the continuous sheet S1, but the arrangement of the detection unit 91 is not limited to this. . For example, when the detection unit 91 is disposed downstream of the second cutting unit 94, the target may be a single-cut sheet S2 after cutting.

1.3. First Cutting Section The first cutting section 92 has a blade 92b having a blade formed at its lower end for cutting the continuous sheet S1, and a cutting drive 92a for moving the blade 92b up and down relative to the continuous sheet S1. Blade 92
b has a blade extending across the full width of the continuous sheet S1 in a direction intersecting the transport direction M. Although the 1st cutting part 92 explains the example of what is called a guillotine cutter system, well-known paper cutting mechanisms, such as a rotary cutter system which rotates and uses a disk shaped blade, are employable.

The first cutting unit 92 is disposed downstream of the detection unit 91. The first cutting unit 92 is disposed between the rollers 93a and 93a rotating continuously to feed the continuous sheet S1 and the rollers 93b and 93b rotating continuously or intermittently to feed the single-cut sheet S2. Ru. On the downstream side of the first cutting unit 92, a second cutting unit 94 (not shown) for cutting along the conveyance direction M of the continuous sheet S1 is disposed. The second cutting unit 94 cuts both ends in the width direction of the single-cut sheet S2, only the cutting direction is different, and a mechanism similar to that of the first cutting unit 92 can be employed.

1.4. Switching Unit As shown in FIG. 2, a switching unit 95 is provided between the detecting unit 91 and the discharging unit 96 and downstream of the cutting unit 90. The switching unit 95 is disposed, for example, at a position where it passes through rollers 93 b and 93 b that push out the single-cut sheet S2 cut in the direction orthogonal to the conveyance direction M by the first cutting unit 92.

The switching unit 95 has a guide plate 95a that guides the lower surface of the cut single-cut sheet S2. The guide plate 95a shown by a solid line in FIG. 2 forms at least a part of a first path 95b which is a conveyance path of the single-cut sheet S2, and the guide plate 95a shown by a broken line is a conveyance path of the single-cut sheet S2. It forms at least a part of the two paths 97a.

The first path 95b is a path for guiding the cut sheet S2 to the discharge unit 96 via the rollers 93c and 93c. The discharge unit 96 includes a stacking unit 96a that stacks the single-cut sheet S2.

The second path 97 a is a path for guiding the single-cut sheet S 2 to the collection unit 97. The recovery unit 97
It may be a box capable of storing the sheet S2.

The switching unit 95 can allocate the cut sheet S2 to the first path 95b and the second path 97a by swinging the guide plate 95a up and down as shown in FIG. 2 according to an instruction of the control unit 140. The instruction of the control unit 140 to the switching unit 95 is performed by determining the quality of the texture of the single-cut sheet S2 detected by the control unit 140 based on the output from the reading unit 91b of the detection unit 91.

The control unit 140 is, for example, the guide plate 95a if it is a relatively good cut sheet S2 having a texture.
Is set as the first path 95b, the single-cut sheet S2 is guided to the stacking portion 96a, and if the single-cut sheet S2 is relatively poor in texture, the guide plate 95a is rotated to the second path 97a; The sheet S2 is guided to a second path that prevents the sheet S2 from going to the stacking unit 96a. Since the relatively low grade sheet S2 is guided to a path different from the relatively good grade sheet S2, it can be separated from the relatively good size sheet S2.

The control unit 140 is an operation unit that can be operated by a user (not shown), an output unit that displays the processing result of each processing unit, and a storage unit that stores data of texture serving as a reference of good or bad determination and programs of each unit. It includes a storage medium that can store various application programs and data and can be read by a computer, and a processing unit that performs various control processes according to programs stored in the storage unit and the storage medium. The processing unit is, for example, various processors (CPU, DSP
Etc.), hardware such as ASIC (gate array etc.), and programs.

Although the recovery unit 97 is provided in the second path 97a, the invention is not limited to this, and a transport path may be provided in which the single-cut sheet S2 having a relatively poor texture is returned to the coarse crushing unit 12 shown in FIG.

Also, the switching unit 95 may be disposed upstream of the second cutting unit 94 not shown in FIG. This is because such cutting is not necessary for the cut sheet S2 that is not a product, and the life of the cutter of the second cutting unit 94 is extended by the amount that the cut sheet S2 determined to be defective is not cut.

1.5. Sheet Manufacturing Method The sheet manufacturing method is a sheet manufacturing method in which a material containing fibers is deposited and pressurized and heated to form a continuous sheet S1 (single-cut sheet S2), and the formation of the continuous sheet S1 (single-cut sheet S2) To detect

  The sheet manufacturing method can be implemented by the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100.

First, when the user requests a process for manufacturing the sheet S via the operation unit (not shown) of the control unit 140, the control unit 140 starts the process of each processing unit.

The control unit 140 receives the output signal from the detection unit 91, and determines whether the formation of the continuous sheet S1 is relatively good or relatively bad. If the control unit 140 determines that "the sheet is relatively good", it operates the guide plate 95a of the switching unit 95 to cut the single-cut sheet S2 obtained by cutting the continuous sheet S1 into the discharge unit 96 of the first path 95b. To the stack portion 96a of the Also, control unit 1
When the sheet 40 is determined to be "relatively bad sheet", the guide plate 95a of the switching unit 95 is operated to guide the cut sheet S2 obtained by cutting the continuous sheet S1 to the second path 97a.

As described above, according to this sheet manufacturing method, the texture of the continuous sheet S1 (single-cut sheet S2) can be detected, and a defective sheet can be detected using the detection result.

As shown in FIG. 3, the detection unit 91 detects the formation of a width SW (a width excluding a region to be cut off and removed as shown by hatching in FIG. 3) which is the entire width of the single-cut sheet S2. The shaded area may not be included in the quality determination of the texture because it is not a product part. In addition, it is preferable not to include the region indicated by hatching in the quality determination of formation because unevenness is relatively likely to occur in the deposition of the raw material in the deposition unit 20 (see FIG. 1).

  Next, the method of determining the quality of formation will be described.

1.6. (A) of FIG. 4 is a graph showing the intensity of the transmitted light in the width direction of the continuous sheet S1 detected by the reading unit 91b of the detection unit 91. The horizontal axis is the width SW of the continuous sheet S1, and the vertical axis is the intensity of the transmitted light detected by the reading unit 91b.

Although the graph of (a) of FIG. 4 can be used as it is for judging the quality of the texture as it is, since noise may be included, it is preferable to remove noise to some extent by applying a known noise removal method.

The graph of (b) of FIG. 4 is a graph in which the graph of (a) of FIG. 4 is subjected to moving average processing.
The vertical axis and the horizontal axis are the same as (a). In the graph of FIG. 4B, noise is removed as compared to the graph of FIG. 4A.

The control unit 140 previously stores data as a reference for determining the quality of formation, as shown in FIG.
The upper limit value and the lower limit value are set at a predetermined ratio which is a reference to the average value of the measured intensity of the transmitted light in (b) of FIG. When the transmitted light out of the range between the upper limit value and the lower limit value is detected, the control unit 140 determines that the defect DF is present in the portion, and the cut sheet S2 including the defect portion DF It is determined as "sheet".

As such a defective portion DF, there is a defective portion DF such as a black point appearing on the cut sheet S2 shown in FIG.

By measuring such linear data in accordance with the moving speed of the continuous sheet S1, the texture of the entire surface of the continuous sheet S1 can be measured and determined without a gap.

Also, using the data in FIG. 4B, the control unit 140 calculates the standard deviation thereof, and the standard deviation is used as a “relatively good sheet” stored in advance in the control unit 140 as a pass standard. If the deviation is larger than the deviation, it may be determined as "a relatively bad sheet".

Here, the control unit 140 determines based on line data in a direction orthogonal to the conveyance direction M in the continuous sheet S1, but the present invention is not limited to this, a predetermined length in the conveyance direction M of the continuous sheet S1 (for example, The determination may be made based on the data of the sheet surface of the cut sheet S2). For example, by adding the data of FIG. 4A, it is possible to obtain a histogram of the intensity of the transmitted light in the sheet surface of the cut sheet S2 as shown in FIG. Figure 5
Where the horizontal axis is the intensity of the transmitted light and the vertical axis is the frequency.

According to FIG. 5, it can be seen that the standard deviation shown by the solid line has a large variation compared to the standard deviation shown by the broken line, and there is unevenness in the transmitted light in the sheet surface. The unevenness of the transmitted light is the unevenness of the thickness of the cut sheet S2, and it can be considered to be the unevenness of the deposition of the raw material.

Here, a standard standard deviation that passes the test as a "relatively bad sheet" is measured and determined in advance, and the standard standard deviation is stored in the control unit 140, and the standard deviation obtained as shown in FIG. If it is larger than the reference standard deviation in comparison with the deviation, it is determined as "a relatively bad sheet". For example, the standard deviation is σ = 6.9 in the graph indicated by the broken line in FIG. 5 and the standard deviation is σ = 9.3 in the graph indicated by the solid line. In the case where the standard deviation as a standard of acceptance is set to σ = 7.0 or less, the single-cut sheet S2 for which the graph of the broken line is measured is a “relatively good sheet”.
It is determined that the single-cut sheet S2 on which the solid line graph is measured is determined to be a "relatively bad sheet".

2. First Modified Example of Sheet Manufacturing Apparatus FIG. 6 is a side view schematically showing a detection unit 91 and an application unit 98 in a first modified example of the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment. In FIG. 6, the deposition unit 20, the sheet forming unit 80, and the like located upstream of the detection unit 91 are omitted.

The sheet manufacturing apparatus 100 includes an applying unit 98 that applies marking to the relatively poor continuous sheet S1. The application unit 98 is disposed downstream of the detection unit 91 and the detection unit 91, and is disposed downstream of the roller 93a that feeds the continuous sheet S1. On the downstream side of the application unit 98, there is a winding unit 96b, and the continuous sheet S1 is wound around a winding roller 96c.

When the control unit 140 determines that the formation is “relatively bad sheet”, the application unit 98 marks, for example, the position near the position where it is determined that there is a defect in the continuous sheet S1 by the command from the control unit 140 In addition, marking is given to a predetermined portion in the “relatively bad sheet” including the defective portion when the continuous sheet S1 is cut into the single-cut sheet S2. As described above, marking by the applying unit 98 can recognize that the texture is bad.

A known method can be used as the marking in the application unit 98, and in the case of printing, not only characters representing a defective product but also markings such as a mark such as a bar code may be used. Moreover, if it is markings other than printing, embossing, a hole process, etc. may be sufficient.
A cutting unit 90, a switching unit 95, a discharging unit 96, and a collecting unit 97 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 may be employed instead of the winding unit 96b. In this case, the single-cut sheet S2 collected by the collection unit 97 is marked as a “relatively bad sheet”.

In the above-mentioned example, although it was a dry mode, a sheet manufacturing device concerning the present invention may be a wet mode. For example, instead of the defibration unit 20, a disaggregation unit (pulper), a classification unit 30
Instead of the sheet forming unit 80, a paper making unit may be used instead of the sheet forming unit 80.

Further, the sheets S, S1 and S2 manufactured by the sheet manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention mainly refer to the sheet-like ones. However, it is not limited to the sheet-like one, and may be board-like or web-like. The sheet in the present specification is divided into paper and non-woven fabric. Paper is a recording sheet intended for writing or printing, including an aspect in which pulp or waste paper is used as a raw material and formed into a thin sheet.
Including wallpaper, wrapping paper, colored paper, drawing paper, Kent paper, etc. Non-woven fabrics are thicker than paper and have low strength. General non-woven fabrics, fiber boards, tissue paper (cleaning tissue paper), kitchen paper, cleaners, filters, liquid (waste ink and oil) absorbers, sound absorbers, Includes insulation, cushioning, mats, etc. In addition, as raw materials, vegetable fibers such as cellulose, chemical fibers such as PET (polyethylene terephthalate), polyester, and animal fibers such as wool and silk may be used.

In the present invention, a part of the configuration may be omitted as long as the features and effects described in the present application are obtained, or each embodiment or modification may be combined.

The present invention includes configurations substantially the same as the configurations described in the embodiments (configurations having the same functions, methods and results, or configurations having the same objects and effects). Further, the present invention includes a configuration in which a nonessential part of the configuration described in the embodiment is replaced. The present invention also includes configurations that can achieve the same effects as the configurations described in the embodiments or that can achieve the same purpose. Further, the present invention includes a configuration in which a known technology is added to the configuration described in the embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Tube, 2 ... Hopper, 3, 4, 5 ... Tube, 6 ... Hopper, 7, 8 ... Tube, 9 ... Hopper, 1
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 0 ... Supply part, 12 ... Crushing part, 14 ... Crushing blade, 20 ... Defibrillation part, 22 ... Introduction port, 24 ... Discharge port, 30 ... Classification part, 31 ... Introduction port, 32 ... Cylindrical part, 33 ... Inverted cone, 34 ... lower outlet, 3
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 5 ... Upper discharge port, 36 ... Receiving part, 40 ... Sorting part, 42 ... Introduction port, 44 ... Discharge port, 50 ... Mixing part, 52 ... Additive supply part, 54 ... Tube, 56 ... Blower, 60 ... Deposition part , 62 ... introduction port,
70 web forming portion 72 mesh belt 74 tension roller 76 suction mechanism 78 humidity control portion 80 sheet forming portion 82 first binding portion 84 second binding portion 86 ...
Heating roller, 90: cutting unit, 91: detecting unit, 91a: light source unit, 91b: reading unit, 92:
First cutting unit 92a: cutting driving unit 92b: blade unit 93a to 93c: roller 94: second cutting unit 95: switching unit 95a: guide 95b: first path 96: discharging unit 96a ...
Loading unit 96b: Winding unit, 96c: Winding roller, 97: Recovery unit, 97a: Second path, 98: Applying unit, 100: Sheet manufacturing apparatus, 102: Manufacturing unit, 140: Control unit, CL: Comparison Highly good sheet, NG ... relatively bad sheet, DF ... defective part, M ... conveyance direction, S ... sheet, S1 ... continuous sheet, S2 ... cut sheet, SW ... sheet width, W ... web

Claims (5)

What is claimed is: 1. A sheet manufacturing apparatus comprising: a forming unit that deposits a material including fibers and forms a sheet by pressure heating;
It has a detector for detecting the formation of the sheet,
The detection unit is an optical sensor that emits light from one side of the sheet and receives the other side.
The intensity of the transmitted light at each position in the width direction of the sheet is averaged in the transport direction of the sheet, and the standard deviation is compared with a standard standard deviation to determine the quality of the texture . Sheet manufacturing equipment. The sheet manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the determination is performed without including an area not used in the width direction of the sheet. By the determination, a stacking section for stacking the sheets and the formation is relatively good,
3. The sheet manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a path that prevents the sheet whose formation is determined to be relatively bad from going to the stacking unit according to the determination. The sheet manufacturing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the switching unit to the path is disposed upstream of the cutting unit in the conveyance direction, and the sheet having a relatively poor texture is not cut in the conveyance direction . What is claimed is: 1. A sheet manufacturing method comprising: depositing a material containing fibers and heating the sheet to form a sheet,
Detecting the transmitted light of the sheet ,
The intensity of the transmitted light at each position in the width direction of the sheet is averaged in the transport direction of the sheet, and the standard deviation is compared with a standard standard deviation to determine whether the texture is good or not.
The sheet whose loading is determined to be relatively good according to the determination is loaded on the loading unit, and switching is performed by the switching unit so that the sheet that is determined to be relatively poor coverage does not go to the loading unit. , Sheet manufacturing method.

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