JP6525236B2 - Dimming smoke detector - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a light reducing smoke detector, and more particularly to a light reducing smoke detector in which a light transmitter and a light receiver are separated and disposed opposite to each other at a predetermined interval.

  In general, the fire detection means attached to the tunnel is often a flame sensor that captures a unique wavelength of the flame to detect the fire (see Patent Document 1). However, for example, in railway tunnels, fires can occur in the cargo of trains, and fires occurring in cargo can not be detected by the flame detector. Assuming such a case, it is also conceivable that the tunnel is provided not only with the flame detector but also with smoke detection means.

Although there is a photoelectric separation type sensor as a smoke detection means to be attached to a large space, the photoelectric type separation type sensor separates the light transmitter and the light receiver and arranges the light transmitter and the light receiver. It is necessary to adjust the optical axis, and if the optical axis deviates, smoke can not be detected (see Patent Document 2). When such a photoelectric separated sensor is attached to a tunnel, the optical axis of the photoelectric separated sensor may shift due to the vibration of a car or train passing through the tunnel. Attaching a type sensor is not realistic.
Therefore, it is conceivable to provide a dimmer smoke detector in which the light transmitter and the light receiver are separately disposed and the optical axis is fixed in the tunnel (see Patent Document 3).

JP 2002-197580 A Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 06-037988 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 03-070700

  However, since many fouling substances are suspended in the tunnel, in the light reducing type smoke detector as disclosed in Patent Document 3, only the light transmitter and the light receiver are fixed by the frame body. The light emitting element and the light transmitting window provided in front of the light receiving element of the light receiver may be easily contaminated. As a result, smoke can not be accurately detected. In addition, in order to detect smoke normally, it is necessary to carry out frequent cleaning of the light reducing type smoke detector.

  The present invention was made on the background of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a light reducing type smoke detector which suppresses pollution and operates accurately for a long period of time.

The present invention relates to a light reducing device comprising a light transmitter including a light emitting element, and a light receiver including a light receiving element, wherein the light transmitter and the light receiver are disposed opposite to each other. The optical axis is fixed by being connected by a fixing plate, and a labyrinth portion is provided in front of the light emitting element and the light receiving element, and the labyrinth portion is formed by connecting a plurality of labyrinth pieces consisting of a bottomed cylindrical shape The flat plate portion provided in the labyrinth piece is provided with a small hole, and the small hole is characterized in that the inner diameter is increased as it goes to the labyrinth piece at the tip .

  In the light reducing type smoke detector of the present invention, since the labyrinth portion is provided in front of the light emitting element and the light receiving element, it is possible to suppress the fouling of the light reducing type smoke detector and operate accurately for a long period.

It is a perspective view showing light reduction type smoke detector 1 concerning an embodiment. It is a sectional view showing light reduction type smoke detector 1 concerning an embodiment. FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of a light transmitter 2 of the light reducing type smoke detector 1 according to the embodiment. It is a perspective view showing the shape of the front of the 1st labyrinth piece 20 of light reduction type smoke detector 1 concerning an embodiment. It is a perspective view showing the shape of the back of the 1st labyrinth piece 20 of light reducing type smoke detector 1 concerning an embodiment. It is a perspective view showing the shape of the front of the 2nd labyrinth piece 30 of light reduction type smoke detector 1 concerning an embodiment. It is a perspective view showing the shape of the back of the 2nd labyrinth piece 30 of light reduction type smoke detector 1 concerning an embodiment.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a light reducing type smoke detector 1 according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7. The present invention is not limited by the embodiments described below. In addition, in the following drawings including FIG. 1, the relationship of the size of each component may be different from the actual one. Moreover, in the following description, the upper side and the lower side indicate directions when the fixed frame 4 described later of the light reducing type smoke detector 1 is directed downward. That is, in FIG. 2, the upper side of the figure is the upper side, and the lower side of FIG. 2 is the lower side. Moreover, in the case of the light transmitter 2 mentioned later, the light receiving device 3 side which opposes a front and back is front, and the opposite direction of the light receiver 3 side is back. On the other hand, in the case of the light receiver 3, the opposite light transmitter 2 side is the front, and the opposite direction of the light transmitter 2 side is the rear.

[Configuration of Dimming Smoke Detector 1]
The light reducing type smoke detector 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, connects the light transmitter 2 and the light receiver 3 disposed opposite to each other, the light transmitter 2 and the light receiver 3 And a fixing plate 4 for fixing the optical axis.

  The light transmitter 2 includes a main body 5 and a labyrinth portion 10 provided on the main body 5 and projecting forward. The main body 5 is provided at an end portion of the fixing plate 4 and has a substrate 7 inside. A light emitting element 7a is provided on the substrate 7, and a translucent window (light transmitting window) (not shown) is provided on the main body 5 at a position facing the light emitting element 7a. A labyrinth portion 10 is provided coaxially with the translucent window and the light emitting element 7 a provided in the main body 5, that is, in the front. The substrate 7 is sealed by a translucent window provided in the main body 5 and the main body 5, and water, air, and the like do not flow into the main body 5.

The light receiver 3 has the same structure as the light transmitter 2, and the main body 6 is provided at the end of the fixing plate 4 opposite to the main body 5 of the light transmitter 2, and protrudes forward from the main body 6 A labyrinth unit 10 is provided. The main body 6 has a substrate 8 inside, the light receiving element 8a is provided on the substrate 8, and in the main body 6, a translucent window (light receiving window) (not shown) is provided at a position facing the light receiving element 8a. It is provided. A labyrinth portion 10 is provided coaxially with the translucent window and the light receiving element 8 a provided in the main body 6, that is, in the front. The substrate 8 is sealed by a translucent window provided in the main body 6 and the main body 6, and water, air, and the like do not flow into the main body 6.
In addition, although a translucent window (light transmission window / light reception window) consists of glass and resin which have translucency, and it demonstrates as what is comprising disk shape, a translucent window is disk-shaped transparent. Instead of the optical member, for example, a lens such as a convex lens or a Fresnel lens may be used.

The labyrinth unit 10 is provided in each of the light transmitter 2 and the light receiver 3. However, the labyrinth unit 10 provided in the light transmitter 2 and the labyrinth unit 10 provided in the light receiver 3 are the same. Therefore, the description of the labyrinth unit 10 will be made using FIG. 3 which is an exploded perspective view showing only the light transmitter side 2.
The labyrinth portion 10 is provided between the first labyrinth piece 20 provided at the tip (forward) of the labyrinth portion 10, and between the first labyrinth piece 20 and the main body 5 (in the case of the light receiver 3, the main body 6). Two second labyrinth pieces 30 are connected.

The first labyrinth piece 20 has a cylindrical shape with a bottom, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, and a first female screw 26 screwed to the second labyrinth piece 30 is provided on the inner wall proximal end side (rear). . Further, the first labyrinth piece 20 is provided with a flat plate portion 22 on the front end side (front side), and a small diameter small hole 24 is provided at the central portion of the flat plate portion 22. The small holes 24 are holes through which light emitted from the light emitting element 7a passes, and thus the light emitting element 7a and the small holes 24 are provided coaxially.
The second labyrinth piece 30 provided downstream of the first labyrinth piece 20 has a cylindrical shape (a cylindrical shape with a bottom) as shown in FIGS. 3, 6 and 7, and a flat plate portion 32 is provided at an intermediate position inside Be The second labyrinth piece 30 is provided with a second male screw 35 on the outer peripheral surface on the tip side (front), and a second female screw 36 on the inner wall base end side (rear).

  In the case of the foremost second labyrinth piece 30 (the second labyrinth piece 30 after the first labyrinth piece 20) among the plurality of second labyrinth pieces 30 provided, the second male screw portion 35 is the first labyrinth The second labyrinth piece 30 is coupled to the first labyrinth piece 20 by being screwed into the first female screw portion 26 of the piece 20.

  In the case of the second labyrinth piece 30 connected to the rear side (rear side) of the second labyrinth piece 30 on the front side and not directly connected to the main body 5, the second labyrinth piece 30 on the front side of the second male screw portion 35. The second female screw portion 36 is connected to the second male screw portion 36 of the second labyrinth piece in the subsequent stage.

  In the case of the second labyrinth piece 30 in the final stage, the second female screw portion 36 is screwed into the first male screw portion 9 provided in the main body 5 of the light transmitter 2. As a result, the second labyrinth piece 30 is connected to the main body 5, and the second labyrinth piece 30 and the first labyrinth piece 20 are connected to the second labyrinth piece 30 to connect the labyrinth portion 10 to the main body 5. it can. In addition, in order to connect the labyrinth portion 10 to the main body 6 of the light receiver 3, similarly to the light transmitter 2, the first male screw portion 9 provided in the main body 6 The second female screw portion 36 may be screwed.

  A small diameter small hole 34 is provided at the center of the flat plate portion 32 of the second labyrinth piece 30. The small holes 34 are holes through which light emitted from the light emitting element 7 a passes, and the light emitting element 7 a and the small holes 34 are provided coaxially. That is, the small holes 24 of the first labyrinth piece 20, the small holes 34 of the second labyrinth piece 30, and the light emitting element 7a are coaxially provided. Here, the inner diameter of the small hole 24 and the small hole 34 will be described as being equal.

  In the embodiment of the present invention, the space S is formed between the first labyrinth piece 20 and the second labyrinth piece 30 and between the second labyrinth pieces 30 with the above-described configuration. That is, the space S is formed between the flat plate portion 22 of the first labyrinth piece 20 and the flat plate portion 32 of the second labyrinth piece 30 in the subsequent stage, or the flat plate portion 32 of the second labyrinth piece 30 and one It is configured between the flat plate portion 32 of the second labyrinth piece 30 in the latter stage.

[Operation explanation]
The operation of the light reducing type smoke detector 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described below based on FIG.
The light emitting element 7a of the light transmitter 2 emits near infrared light every predetermined period, for example, every 3 seconds. The light emitted from the light emitting element 7a is transmitted through the translucent window provided in the main body 5 of the light transmitter 2, and then the small hole of the labyrinth portion 10 screwed to the light transmitter 2, that is, the second It passes through the small hole 34 of the labyrinth piece 30 and the small hole 24 of the first labyrinth piece 20 and goes to the light receiver 3 side. The light emitted from the light emitting element 7 a passes through the small holes of the labyrinth portion 10 provided in the light receiver 3, that is, the small holes 24 of the first labyrinth piece 20 and the small holes 34 of the second labyrinth piece 30. The light passes through the translucent window provided in the main body 6 of the light receiver 3 to reach the light receiving element 8a.

  The light receiving element 8a is synchronized with the light emission timing of the light emitting element 7a, and receives light at the same cycle as the light emission of the light emitting element 7a. The light receiver 3 outputs a fire signal to a fire receiver (not shown) when the light receiving output of the light receiving element 8a falls below a set threshold, that is, when the light reduction rate exceeds the set value.

[effect]
The light reducing type smoke detector 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention has the following specific effects by the above configuration.
Since the light reducing type smoke detector 1 is provided in a tunnel where a large amount of fouling substances are suspended and the humidity is high, it is very easy to be soiled, and in particular, the light transmitting property provided in front of the light emitting element 7a and the light receiving element 8a. When the window is soiled, it becomes difficult to detect a fire accurately.

  Therefore, in the light reducing type smoke detector 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the labyrinth portion 10 is provided in front of the translucent window provided in front of the light emitting element 7a and the light receiving element 8a. The labyrinth portion 10 has the small holes 24 of the first labyrinth piece 20 and the small holes 34 of the second labyrinth piece 30, so that the floating fouling substance is prevented from reaching the light-transmissive window.

  That is, most of the fouling material can not pass through the small holes 24 of the first labyrinth piece 20, and a small amount of fouling material passing through the small holes 24 will be mostly blocked by the small holes 34 of the second labyrinth piece. Then, the fouling material blocked by the small holes 34 is accumulated in the space S formed between the first labyrinth piece 20 and the second labyrinth piece 30 provided in the subsequent stage. Then, most of the fouling material that has passed through the small holes 34 of the second labyrinth piece 30 accumulates in the space S between the second labyrinth piece 30 and the second labyrinth piece 30 in the subsequent stage.

  That is, since the labyrinth portion 10 is composed of the first labyrinth piece 20 and at least one or more second labyrinth pieces 30, the fouling substance is mostly formed in the translucent window provided in front of the light emitting element 7a and the light receiving element 8a. It will not reach. This makes it possible to prevent fouling even in the tunnel and to accurately detect fires.

  In addition, since the first labyrinth piece 20 and the at least one second labyrinth piece 30 which are screwed in can be easily removed, the labyrinth portion 10 is disassembled by, for example, maintenance. , It is easy to clean the fouling substances accumulated in the space S. And the labyrinth part 10 which was cleaned can be easily connected to the main body 5 or the main body 6 by screwing it.

  Further, the labyrinth unit 10 not only prevents the contamination of the translucent window provided in front of the light emitting element 7a and the light receiving element 8a, but also the light of the car or train running in the tunnel enters the light receiving element 8a. You can prevent that.

  Although the labyrinth unit 10 includes the first labyrinth piece 20 and the three second labyrinth pieces 30, the light reducing type smoke sensor 1 is installed in an environment in which the fouling substance is not so floating. The first labyrinth piece 20 may be directly attached to the light transmitter 2 or the light receiver 3 without using the second labyrinth piece 30. In order to attach the first labyrinth piece 20 directly to the light transmitter 2, the first female screw portion 26 of the first labyrinth piece 20 may be screwed to the first male screw portion 9 of the light transmitter 2.

  Moreover, in order to prevent the contamination of the translucent window provided in front of the light emitting element 7a and the light receiving element 8a, it is better if the number of second labyrinth pieces 30 is larger, if the number of second labyrinth pieces 30 attached is changed according to the environment. good. That is, in the embodiment of the present invention, the second labyrinth pieces 30 are described as three, but the number of second labyrinth pieces 30 is not limited thereto, and may be more or less (including zero). . In general, since it is assumed that the light reducing type smoke sensor 1 is attached to a place where a large amount of fouling substances such as a tunnel are suspended, it is desirable that at least one second labyrinth piece 30 be provided.

  Further, the smaller the inner diameters of the small holes 24 and the small holes 34, the more the passage of the fouling substance can be suppressed, but a certain size is required to pass near infrared light emitted from the light emitting element 7a. The inner diameter of the small holes 24 and 34 is preferably, for example, 3 mm to 30 mm.

  Moreover, although the inside diameter of the small hole 24 and the small hole 34 was demonstrated as an equal thing in embodiment of this invention, the internal diameter of the small hole 24 and the small hole 34 may differ. For example, the inner diameter of the small hole 34 may be increased from the second labyrinth piece 30 at the base end toward the second labyrinth piece 30 at the tip in accordance with the diffusion of light emitted from the light emitting element 7a. In this case, the inner diameter of the small hole 24 of the first labyrinth piece 20 is configured to be the same as or larger than the inner diameter of the small hole 34 of the second labyrinth piece 30 provided in the subsequent stage of the first labyrinth piece 20.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Dimming type smoke detector, 2 light transmitter, 3 light receiver, 4 fixed plate, 5 main body part, 6 main body part, 7 board, 7a light emitting element, 8 board, 8a light receiving element, 9 1st male screw part, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 labyrinth part, 20 1st labyrinth piece, 22 flat plate part, 24 small hole, 26 1st female screw part, 30 2nd labyrinth piece, 32 flat plate part, 34 small hole, 35 2nd male screw part, 36 2nd female Screw part, S space.

Claims (1)

What is claimed is: 1. A light reduction type smoke sensor comprising: a light transmitter including a light emitting element; and a light receiver including a light receiving element, wherein the light transmitter and the light receiver are disposed to face each other,
The light transmitter and the light receiver are connected by a fixing plate to fix an optical axis, and a labyrinth portion is provided in front of the light emitting element and the light receiving element.
The labyrinth portion is formed by connecting a plurality of labyrinth pieces having a cylindrical shape with a bottom,
Small holes are provided in the flat plate portion provided on the labyrinth piece ,
The light reducing type smoke detector characterized in that the small holes increase in inner diameter toward the labyrinth piece at the tip .

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