JP6476079B2 - Water pipe network management system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a pipe network management system for managing a pipe network for supplying tap water in a water supply, and more particularly, to a pipe network management system for measuring and creating a database for creating a pipeline diagram of piping. .

  In the water supply business, river water and groundwater are used as raw water, and after water purification and disinfection, water is finally supplied to customers via pipes. Aging of water supply facilities that have been rapidly developed during the period of high economic growth, etc. is progressing, and is reaching a major renewal peak. It has become. The Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare has issued a guide on asset management of facilities and equipment, such as "Guide on asset management in the water supply business-renewing water facilities and securing funds from a medium- to long-term perspective".

  About 60 to 70% of the assets related to the water supply business are said to be related to pipelines. The business indicators established in the “Water Supply Business Guidelines JWWA Q 100” (established in January 2005) of the Japan Water Works Association include “aging channel rate”, “water pipe accidents” There are "rate", "leakage rate", "turbid tile cast iron pipe / steel pipe rate". It is important for a business entity to manage pipe material information such as pipe material, diameter, laying position / depth, construction time, accident occurrence status, etc. In addition, there is water distribution control as one countermeasure for energy saving and leakage rate reduction. This is to control the pump operation by utilizing the water demand, reservoir volume and pipe network calculation, and can control the water pressure in the pipe line appropriately. Pipe network information is required for pipe network calculation.

  However, even though there are drawings of pipelines, they have not been digitized in a form that can be used in pipe network calculations, and there are problems that pipeline drawings do not exist in some developing countries.

JP 2001-99635 A

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a method using a sound wave as a length measuring method for an existing pipe line provided with a branch pipe branched from a main pipe line. This is a method in which a sonic length measuring device is arranged at one end of the main pipeline, and a sound wave radiated from the sonic length measuring device is reflected to the other end to measure the length of the pipeline.

  However, this method is to measure by installing a sonic length measuring device in a known pipeline, and in the first place, it is difficult to obtain information on the installation and position / distance of each device if there is no pipeline drawing.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a water pipe network management system that makes it easy to create a pipe diagram of piping.

  In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, in order to manage the information of the water pipe network, the sound wave generating means attached to the water supply and distribution equipment in the water supply pipe, the sound wave detection means attached to another water supply and distribution equipment, Communication means for detecting coordinates and transmitting / receiving sound wave generation information, sound wave detection information and coordinate information, mapping analysis means for diagnosing the connection relation of pipe lines using sound wave intensity data, diagnosis results and pipe drawing information It has a mapping database for storing at least, and creates a pipeline drawing.

  According to the present invention, since the sound wave generation and sound wave detection means installed in the water supply and distribution equipment can obtain their positions and the connection status of the pipes buried underground, the pipe line can be easily obtained without excavation. A diagram can be created.

It is a block diagram of the pipe network management system concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is a block diagram of a pipe network management system concerning a 2nd embodiment of the present invention. It is a block diagram of a pipe network management system concerning a 3rd embodiment of the present invention. It is a block diagram of a pipe network management system concerning a 4th embodiment of the present invention.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

<First Embodiment>
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a pipe network management system. In this system, a water supply / distribution device 2a, 2b is provided in a pipeline 1a and a pipeline 1b connected thereto, respectively, and a sound wave generating means 3 and a communication means 5a are installed in the water supply / distribution device 2a. Further, the water supply / distribution device 2b is provided with a sound wave detection means 4 and a communication means 5b. The communication means 5a and 5b are connected to the mapping means 7 via the network 6. The mapping unit 7 includes a mapping DB 8 and a mapping analysis unit 9.

  The processing method of this embodiment will be described below. Water pipes are usually buried underground. Therefore, it takes man-hours such as excavation to implement the generation of the sound wave and the detection means of the present invention on the pipe itself. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the water supply / distribution devices 2a and 2b are provided with the sound wave generation means 3 and the sound wave detection means 4, respectively. Examples of the water supply / distribution device 2a, ab include a valve, a flow meter, a pressure gauge, a fire hydrant, a water hydrant, and a water meter provided for each customer.

  The frequency of the sound wave generated from the sound wave generating means 3 is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 1 Hz to 200 kHz in consideration of the ease of configuration and the distance through which the sound can be propagated. In the field of underwater acoustic communication, the frequency band of 10kHz to 100kHz is often used, and the raw water for absorbing 10kHz sound waves is about 1E-3dB / m. Under ideal conditions for a 10 kHz sound source, it is attenuated by 1 dB while propagating for 1 km.

  The sound wave generation means 3 does not directly generate sound waves in the water in the pipe, but is configured to send sound waves to the outside of the water supply / distribution device 2a, that is, through metal or resin different from water. This is to prevent contamination of tap water with foreign substances caused by the components of the present invention.

The sound wave detection means 4 is a device for detecting sound waves having the frequency of the sound wave generation means 3, and is installed so as to be in contact with the outside of the water supply / distribution device 2b in the same manner as the sound wave generation means 3. The relationship between the sound output from the sound / vibration source to the water and the underwater sound is described in the following document. (The Architectural Institute of Japan Planning Papers, No. 489, 1-10, November 1996).
It can be regarded as a one-dimensional sound field, and in a pipe with the same cross-sectional area, the acoustic output is W (W), the acoustic characteristic impedance of the connecting pipe is Z _W (Pa · s / m), and the sound intensity is I (W / m ² ), traveling wave sound pressure is P (Pa), and the cross-sectional area in the pipe is A (m ² ), the respective relationships are as shown in equations (1) and (2).

I = W / A = P ² / Z _w (1)
P = (IZ _W ) ^0.5 = (WZ _W / A) ^0.5 = (Wρc / A) ^0.5 (2)

That is, the traveling wave sound pressure P is obtained from the relationship of equation (2) using the acoustic output W, the cross-sectional area A of the pipe, and the acoustic characteristic impedance Z _W of the connecting pipe. Here, as the acoustic characteristic impedance Z _W of the connecting pipe, in practice, the equivalent acoustic resistance of water (ρ: density of water, c: speed of sound in water) can be used.

  The communication means 5a and 5b have a GPS function and a function of transmitting GPS coordinate information and sound wave generation / detection information to the mapping means 7 via the network 6. The communication means by the network 6 is not particularly limited.

  Next, processing during operation of this system will be described. First, the user installs the sound wave generation means 3, the sound wave detection means 4, and the communication means 5a and 5b in the water supply and distribution devices 2a and 2b, respectively. At this time, each of the communication means 5a5b acquires the coordinates by the GPS function, is sent to the mapping means 7 via the network 6, and is stored in the mapping DB 8. Next, only the sound wave detection means 4 is operated for a predetermined time, and the state of the sound wave in the background is detected. Possible background noise sources include vehicle traffic, construction, factories, and rotating machines such as pumps. The frequency of the sound wave generation means 3 can be selected by examining these frequency bands in advance. This acquired data is also transmitted to the mapping means 7 in the same manner. The mapping analysis means 9 determines how much background noise exists in the frequency band of the sound wave generated by the sound wave generation means 3 from the transmitted background sound wave data using a method such as Fourier transform. It is quantified as an average value of intensity and a standard deviation in a range measured for a predetermined time.

  Next, a sound wave having a predetermined frequency, intensity, and time is generated from the sound wave generating means 3. This generation / stop information is sent to the mapping means 7. At the same time, detection by the sound wave detection unit 4 is started, and data of the detected sound wave is transmitted to the mapping unit 7. The mapping means 7 subtracts the background noise from the data from the sound wave detection means 4 and extracts the net sound intensity by the sound wave generation means 3. If the intensity is equal to or higher than a predetermined level, it is recorded that there is a connection in the pipeline, and the mapping DB 8 records that there is a connection relationship in association with the coordinate information of the sound wave generation means 3 and the sound wave detection means 4. As a predetermined level, the shortest distance is obtained from the positions of the sound wave generation means 3 and the sound wave detection means 4 detected by the GPS, and can be detected in consideration of the degree to which sound of a given frequency is attenuated while propagating this distance. The maximum sound intensity can be calculated, for example, a level that is 1/10 of the maximum intensity. This generation / reception process is preferably performed at least three times. After the above series of processing is completed, the user moves the sound wave generation means 3 and the sound wave detection means 4 to another water supply / distribution facility, and collects connection data of other pipes.

According to this embodiment, by the sound wave generation and sound wave detection means installed in the water distribution facility. Since these positions are obtained and the connection status of the pipes buried underground is obtained, it is possible to easily create a pipeline diagram without excavation.
In addition, since the connection relationship between the pipelines is analyzed using a plurality of sound wave generation means and sound wave detection means, the relative position between the water supply and distribution facilities can be understood, and the combination of the water supply and distribution facilities that are not in the connection relationship is extracted. be able to.

  Furthermore, since the time difference in which the sound wave propagates can be detected by synchronizing the generation and detection of the sound wave, it is possible to more accurately determine the connection relation of the pipelines.

  In addition, by calculating the path length from the time delay, it is possible to improve the calculation accuracy of the water pressure and the amount of water when performing the pipe network calculation using the obtained pipe line information. Then, it is possible to plan a place where the sound wave generation means and the sound wave detection means are installed, and to efficiently search for the connection relation of the pipelines.

  In the present embodiment, the generation method from the sound wave generating means 3 is not particularly mentioned, but for example, sound waves are output with a plurality of frequencies, a plurality of occurrences having different intensities, and periodic frequency and intensity changes. May be. Thereby, the influence of background noise can be reduced.

<Second Embodiment>
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a pipe network management system according to another embodiment of the present invention. In addition to the sound wave generation means 3a, the sound wave detection means 4b, and the communication means 5a and 5b shown in the configuration of the first embodiment, this system includes another sound wave generation means 3c, a sound wave detection means 4d, communication means 5c and 5d, And the portable terminal 10 for a user to browse the information of a mapping means is provided.

  The processing method of this embodiment will be described below. First, when the user installs the sound wave generation means, the sound wave detection means, and the communication means in each water supply / distribution facility, the coordinates of each installation location are acquired by GPS, and the communication means 5 transmits the coordinates to the mapping means 7 via the network 6. Send. The mapping means 7 records the coordinates in the mapping DB 8. Each sound wave detection means continues the background sound at the place where it is installed as in the first embodiment, and transmits data to the mapping means 7.

  In order to detect the connection relationship, first, a sound wave having a predetermined frequency, intensity, and time is generated from the sound wave generating means 5a. The sound wave detection / data transmission by the sound wave detection means and the determination of the connection relation using each detection data are the same as in the first embodiment. Next, sound waves are generated under the same conditions as the other sound wave generating means 3c to 5a. Similarly, the detection result of the sound wave detection means is transmitted to the mapping means 7, and the mapping analysis means 9 determines the connection relationship.

  When there is a sound wave detection means 4b that detects sound waves from the plurality of sound wave generation means 3a, 3c, the relative distance between the generation means and the detection means is calculated in proportion to the detected sound intensity, and the mapping means Store in 7 mapping DB8. In the example of FIG. 2, since it can be assumed that the sound wave detection means 4b detects both sounds of the sound wave generation means 3a and 3c, assuming that the intensity is Ia and Ic, respectively (path length between the water supply and distribution equipment 2a-2b) : (Route length between water supply and distribution equipment 2b-2c) = 1 / Ia: Record as 1 / Ic.

  On the other hand, the detection data of the sound wave detection means 4d and the analysis result of the mapping analysis means 9 are also recorded in the mapping DB 8 in association with the information on the water supply and distribution equipment as information on the pipes a and b that have no connection relationship To do. At this time, using the GPS information, the intensity of the sound wave when it is assumed that the water distribution facilities 2a, ad are connected at the shortest distance is calculated and stored in the mapping DB 8 in the same manner. The mapping means analyzing means 9 displays the analysis result on the mobile terminal 10.

  According to the present embodiment, in addition to the effects of the first embodiment, since the connection relation of the pipelines is analyzed using a plurality of sound wave generation means and sound wave detection means, the relative position between the water supply and distribution facilities is As well as understanding, it is possible to extract a combination of water supply and distribution facilities that are not connected.

<Third embodiment>
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a pipe network management system according to another embodiment of the present invention. This system includes a synchronous measurement control unit 11 in the mapping unit 7 in addition to the configuration of the second embodiment. In this embodiment, the synchronous measurement control means 11 is used, and the connection relation is determined using the arrival time of the sound wave in addition to the intensity of the sound wave. When the user starts a series of processes, the synchronous measurement control unit 11 first performs the generation from the sound wave generation unit 3a and the measurement by the sound wave detection unit 4b in synchronization. Then, the time delay from the generation of the sound wave to the detection is recorded in the mapping DB 8 separately on the execution date and time, the combination of the generation means and the detection means, the data of each GPS, and the generation conditions (time, frequency, intensity). Measurements synchronized with each of the sound wave detection means are performed on the sound wave generator means. The measurement may be performed by synchronizing all the detection means simultaneously or individually. Next, another sound wave generating means 3c similarly performs measurement by synchronizing the sound wave detecting means and records it.

  Based on these data, the mapping analysis means 9 calculates the connection relationship and the distance between the water supply and distribution facilities. The connection relationship is determined by combining the detection intensity of the sound wave and the data of the next officer delay. As the simplest judgment, the four classifications shown in Table 1 are used, and the results are recorded in the mapping DB8. Table 1 shows a method for determining connection relations using sound wave intensity and time delay data.

  As a method for setting the predetermined value of the time delay, the time (τ) in which the sound wave propagates through the linear distance obtained from the coordinates of the water supply and distribution equipment is set as a reference, for example, twice (2τ) may be set as the predetermined time. it can. When the intensity is larger than a predetermined value but the time delay is long, the sound wave may have arrived through a complicated path, and the mapping accuracy may be deteriorated. Conversely, if the intensity of sound waves is insufficient, but the time delay is within a predetermined value, the state of the pipeline may be different from the normal state. For example, a structure that absorbs sound due to corrosion is formed, or a change in pipe diameter may be considered. Therefore, it is necessary to perform measurement under conditions in which the frequency and the installation position of the sound wave generation unit are different, and to acquire a more accurate connection relation, estimated distance, and pipeline state. In this embodiment, quantitative information about these cannot be obtained, but is recorded as qualitative information in the mapping DB 8.

  According to the present embodiment, in addition to the effects of the first embodiment, since the time difference in which the sound wave propagates can be detected by synchronizing the generation and detection of the sound wave, it is possible to more accurately determine the connection relation of the pipelines. it can. In addition, by calculating the path length from the time delay, it is possible to improve the calculation accuracy of the water pressure and the amount of water when performing the pipe network calculation using the obtained pipe line information.

<Fourth embodiment>
FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a pipe network management system according to another embodiment of the present invention. This system includes a mapping plan formulation means 21 in the mapping means 7 in addition to the configuration of the third embodiment. In the present embodiment, the measurement plan for creating the mapping is sequentially updated using the location information, the pipeline information, and the pipeline connection information obtained in the present invention stored in the mapping DB8. To do.

  The mapping DB 8 stores the known pipeline information and the geographical information and specification information of the water distribution facilities. Using this information and the connection relationship between the pipe lines detected by the sound wave generation means and the sound wave detection means, the installation location of the next sound wave generation means and the sound wave detection means is planned. A case where two sound wave generation means and three sound wave detection means are used is shown. The first sound wave generating means 3a is installed in the water supply / distribution facility 2a provided in the pipeline whose geographical information is accurately known in the mapping DB 8. At the same time, the sound wave detection means 4a is also installed at the same position. The second sound wave generation means 3c is installed in the water supply and distribution facility 2c installed in the pipeline 1b where the connection relation with the pipe 1a of 3a is not confirmed. At this time, the sound wave generating means 3a and 3c have different frequencies for at least one sound wave.

  Next, the sound wave detection means 4b and 4d are installed at a point where the connection relation with the pipes 1a and 1b is not confirmed. At this time, the distance from the sound wave generating means 3a to the sound wave detecting means 4b, 4d is selected to be a point closer to the longest distance that the generated sound can propagate in the pipeline, preferably a point that is 1/2 or less of the longest distance. . Using the above arrangement as the initial condition, the connection relation of the pipelines is investigated.

  As a result, the position of the sound wave detection means that is found to be connected to the sound wave generation means 3a moves to the same condition as the initial condition. However, if there is no place where the connection relation with the sound wave generation place has not been confirmed in the range in which the sound wave can propagate, the place of occurrence is moved to a point that is not the farthest end (water tap). On the other hand, the sound wave generating means 3c moves to a water supply / distribution facility whose connection relationship is unknown as in the case where the initial conditions are set. By repeating this, the connection relation of the pipelines is confirmed and a pipeline diagram is constructed.

  According to the present embodiment, in addition to the effects of the first embodiment, it is possible to plan a place where the sound wave generation unit and the sound wave detection unit are installed, and to efficiently search for the connection relationship of the pipelines. In this embodiment, the number of sound wave generating means and the number of sound wave detecting means is two or three, but this number may be increased.

1a, 1b pipeline
2a, 2b, 2c, 2d Water distribution equipment
3,3a, 3c Sound wave generation means
4,4b, 4d Sound wave detection means
5a, 5b, 5c, 5d Communication means
6 network
7 Mapping means
8 Mapping DB
9 Mapping analysis means
10 Mobile device
11 Synchronous measurement control means
21 Mapping plan development means

Claims (6)

Sound wave generation means attached to the water supply and distribution equipment in the water supply piping,
Sound wave detection means attached to another water supply and distribution facility;
A communication means for detecting the respective coordinates and transmitting / receiving the sound wave generation information, the sound wave detection information, and the coordinate information;
Mapping analysis means for diagnosing the connection relation of the pipeline using the intensity data of the sound wave;
A water pipe management system having a mapping database for storing diagnosis results and pipe drawing information, and creating a pipe drawing.   2. The water pipe according to claim 1, wherein the pipe has a plurality of sound wave generation means and a plurality of sound wave detection means, and calculates a relative pipe length using the intensity of sound wave detection from a plurality of generation points. Road management system.   2. The water pipe management system according to claim 1, wherein the frequency of the sound wave generated by the sound wave generating means is 1 kHz to 20 kHz.   2. The water pipe line management system according to claim 1, further comprising a sound wave generating means configured to transmit a sound wave to the water supply and distribution facility outside the pipe line.   In Claim 1, the operation of the sound wave generation and sound wave detection is synchronized to measure the sound wave transmitted through the pipeline, the time delay until the sound wave detection is calculated, the intensity of the sound wave and the time delay of the pipeline A water pipe management system characterized by determining connection relations. In Claim 1, using the pipeline information of the mapping database, the connection relation of the pipeline and the position information of the water supply and distribution equipment, it is connected to the water supply and distribution equipment for which the pipeline information of the pipe to be connected is known A water pipe management system, characterized in that at least one sound wave generating means is installed in each water supply and distribution facility for which pipe line information is unknown .

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