JP6457167B2 - CURRENT GENERATION METHOD, CAPACITOR TYPE POWER SUPPLY AND SENSOR WITH CAPACITOR TYPE POWER SUPPLY - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a capacitor.

  Although capacitors are used in various applications, no capacitor has a function of generating electricity.

  In addition, a power source is required to use the sensor, but there is no power source that can be used at any time even if it is not charged.

  Semiconductor solar cells using semiconductors such as silicon have high conversion efficiency, but are expensive because of the use of high-purity materials, so titanium dioxide (TiO2) or zinc oxide (ZnO) is used as a relatively inexpensive solar cell. There is a solar cell to use.

The present inventors discovered that artificial quartz or fused quartz, which is silicon dioxide, has photovoltaic ability, and proposed a silicon dioxide solar cell in International Publication WO2011 / 049156, and further a titanium dioxide solar cell. A tandem solar cell in which an element and a silicon dioxide solar cell element are arranged in series was proposed in International Publication No. WO2012 / 124655.
The silicon dioxide solar cell is inexpensive, and can generate electricity even with visible light and infrared light which cannot be used for electromotive force.

International Publication WO2011 / 049156 International Publication WO2012 / 124655

The present inventors discovered that a tandem solar cell functions as a capacitor for accumulating electric charges generated during various experiments.
Electric charges generated without a load connected are stored in a tandem solar cell that functions as a capacitor. When a load is connected, the electric charge is instantaneously discharged, and the instantaneous discharge current is four times that during steady-state generation. Reach.
A sensor can be configured using this characteristic.

In this application, a capacitor using a tandem solar cell and a sensor using a capacitor using a tandem solar cell as a power source are provided.
Specifically, two glass substrates on which a transparent conductive film is formed are disposed so that the transparent conductive films face each other, a titanium dioxide electromotive body is disposed on one of the glass substrates, A capacitor type power supply having photovoltaic ability is provided in which a silicon dioxide oxide body is disposed on the other side and an electrolyte is filled between two glass substrates.

The sensor using the tandem solar cell and the sensor using the tandem solar cell of this application as a power source generates electricity from infrared light to ultraviolet light by the solar cell function and accumulates the generated electric charge in the capacitor. Then, the accumulated charge is released as a large discharge current.
This constitutes a sensor that operates without any other power source wherever there is light that can be generated.

The schematic diagram of the capacitor which has a photovoltaic capability which is an Example. The graph which shows the electric current characteristic in the 1st charging / discharging conditions of the capacitor which has photovoltaic ability. Details of the graph of FIG . The graph which shows the voltage characteristic in the 1st charging / discharging conditions of the capacitor which has photovoltaic ability. The graph which shows the current characteristic in the 2nd condition of the capacitor which has photovoltaic ability. The graph which shows the electric current characteristic in the 3rd conditions of the capacitor which has photovoltaic ability. The schematic diagram of the other Example of the capacitor which has photovoltaic ability.

Embodiments of the invention according to this application will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a basic configuration of a capacitor having a photovoltaic capacity, which is a combination of a titanium dioxide generator and a silicon dioxide generator, which are embodiments of the present invention.
In this embodiment, reference numerals 1 and 3 denote glass substrates each having an FTO (fluorine-doped tin oxide) layer 2 and an FTO layer 4, and the FTO layers 2 and 4 function as capacitor electrodes.
The substrates 1 and 3 can also use PET resin or PEN resin.
5 is a titanium dioxide electromotive body, 6 is a silicon dioxide electromotive body, and 7 is a platinum film.

  8 is an electrolyte, colorless electrolyte, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide 0.4 mol, tetrabutylammonium iodide 0.4 mol, 4-tert-butyl pyridine: 0.2 mol, guanidinium isothiocyanate Those prepared by using 0.1 mol of a propylene carbonate solution as a solvent can be used.

  The titanium dioxide electromotive body 5 is electromotive when irradiated with ultraviolet light, and the silicon dioxide electromotive body 6 is electrogenerated by irradiation with ultraviolet light, visible light, and further infrared light.

The FTO films 2 and 4 function as counter electrodes of the capacitor.
The titanium dioxide electromotive body 5 and the silicon dioxide oxide electromotive body 6 generate electricity when irradiated with infrared light to ultraviolet light, and when the load is not connected, the generated electric charge functions as a counter electrode of the capacitor. F to do
Accumulated and charged between TO films 2 and 4. When the load is connected in such a state, the accumulated charges are discharged through the load. As a result, a current can be generated.

Hereinafter, the state of charging / discharging will be described with graphs of experimental results.
The area of the capacitor used in the experiment is 2 cm × 3 cm, a fluorescent lamp is used as the irradiation light source, and the illuminance at that time is 600 lux.

FIG. 2 shows the change in output current when the load is disconnected and connected repeatedly every 10 seconds after the load is connected for a long time, and FIG. 4 shows the output voltage at that time. It is a change.

  In FIG. 2, the steady current value when a load was connected was 28.6 μA.

If the load is disconnected after 10 seconds, the output current becomes zero.
When a load is connected after 10 seconds, a discharge current that is about four times as large as 115.3 μA flows at the maximum instantaneous value, and then the current attenuates toward a steady current value of 28.6 μA.

When the load is disconnected again after 10 seconds, the output current becomes 0. When the load is connected after 10 seconds, a large discharge current flows, and then the current attenuates toward the steady current value.
Thereafter, this change is repeated.

  FIG. 3 shows the details of the charge / discharge output current waveform. From this waveform, it is estimated that the capacitor of the embodiment is an integration circuit.

The output voltage is 0.02508 V when the load is disconnected as shown in FIG. 4 and 0.29492 V when the load is connected, approximately 10 times, and the voltage change during load connection and load disconnection is Absent.

As can be seen from FIG. 3, a large output current flows when a load is connected.
By detecting this output current, it is possible to reliably detect the connection of the load.

  In addition, since the charge in that case is obtained by irradiation with light including infrared light that is universally present in a normal environment, it is not necessary to separately prepare a battery or the like in order to detect load connection.

FIG. 5 shows the change in output current when the load disconnection time is 20 seconds.
In FIG. 5, the steady-state current value when the load was connected was 28.6 μA.

If the load is disconnected after 10 seconds, the output current becomes zero.
When a load is connected after 10 seconds, a discharge current of about 3 times as large as 86.7 μA flows at the maximum instantaneous value, and then the current attenuates toward a steady current value of 28.6 μA.

When the load is disconnected again after 10 seconds, the output current becomes 0. When the load is connected after 10 seconds, a large discharge current flows, and then the current attenuates toward the steady current value.
Thereafter, this change is repeated.

The output current changes in the case of the respective second connecting and disconnecting time of the load shown in FIG.
In this case, the maximum output current was 415.5 μA, reaching 14.5 times the steady current value.

Finally, a solar cell applicable as the invention of this application will be exemplified.
FIG. 7A shows a capacitor having only the titanium dioxide electromotive body 5.

  FIG. 7B shows a capacitor using dye-sensitized titanium dioxide instead of the titanium dioxide electromotive body 5.

In shown FIG. 7 (c) is a capacitor having only silicon dioxide electromotive body 6.

  Although not shown as an example, a capacitor using a dye-sensitized titanium dioxide instead of the titanium dioxide electromotive body 5 of FIG. 1 may be used.

  The photovoltaic capacitor according to the present invention is extremely useful as a high-sensitivity sensor that does not require a power source.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,3 Glass substrate 2,4 Transparent electrically conductive film 5 Titanium dioxide electromotive body 6 Silicon dioxide oxide electromotive body 7 Platinum film 8 Electrolyte 9 Dye-sensitized titanium dioxide electromotive body

Claims (7)

Two glass substrates on which transparent conductive films are formed are arranged with each transparent conductive film facing each other,
A silicon dioxide electromotive body is disposed on one of the glass substrates;
In a capacitor having a photovoltaic capacity in which an electrolyte is filled between the two glass substrates,
A method of generating current by discharging by repeatedly connecting and disconnecting the load. The method of generating a current according to claim 1,
A method of generating an electric current, wherein a titanium dioxide electromotive body is disposed on the other side of the glass substrate.   3. The method for generating electric current according to claim 2, wherein the titanium dioxide electromotive body is dye-sensitized titanium dioxide.   4. The method for generating a current according to claim 1, wherein the current is generated when the load is connected to the capacitor, and a current value during the load connection after the discharge of the capacitor is constant. A method of generating a current characterized by Two glass substrates on which transparent conductive films are formed are arranged with each transparent conductive film facing each other,
A silicon dioxide electromotive body is disposed on one of the glass substrates;
A capacitor-type power supply having a function of generating a current due to discharge by repeatedly connecting and disconnecting a load to a photovoltaic capacitor filled with an electrolyte between the two glass substrates . 6. The capacitor type power supply according to claim 5, wherein the function of repeatedly connecting and disconnecting the load is capable of changing the connection time of the load and the disconnection time of the load . Using as a sensor capacitor power source according to claim 5 or 6.

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