JP6454155B2 - Pneumatic tire - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a pneumatic tire.

  The tire is obtained by pressurizing and heating a raw cover (also referred to as an uncrosslinked tire) in a cavity surrounded by a mold and a bladder. In the tire manufacturing method, the step of pressing and heating the raw cover is also referred to as a vulcanization step.

  In the vulcanization process, the bladder presses the raw cover against the cavity surface of the mold. The rubber flows and the air between the cavity surface and the raw cover is discharged. The rubber sinks into the cavity surface, forming the outer surface of the tire.

  Air may remain between the raw cover and the cavity surface. In this case, a bear is formed on the surface of the tire. Bears impair tire quality.

  From the viewpoint of tire quality, various studies have been made on air discharge in order to prevent the occurrence of bears. Examples of this study are disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 2007-075532 and 2010-274740.

  In the tire described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-075532, a recess is provided in the shoulder portion. Thereby, in this tire, discharge of air is promoted, and generation of bears is prevented.

  In the tire described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2010-274740, a vent line and a serration surrounded by the vent line are provided in a radially inner region from the maximum width position. Thereby, in this tire, discharge of air is promoted, and generation of bears is prevented.

JP2007-077652A JP 2010-274740 A

  The tire is provided with a reinforcing layer such as a belt and a band. From the viewpoint of high-speed durability, a wide reinforcing layer may be employed. In a tire employing a wide reinforcing layer, the end of the reinforcing layer exists in the shoulder portion.

  The concave portion described in the above Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-077652 affects the distance from the end of the reinforcing layer to the outer surface. If a recess is provided in a tire employing a wide reinforcing layer, a sufficient distance from the end of the reinforcing layer to the outer surface cannot be secured. If the end of the reinforcing layer is near the outer surface, damage may occur during running.

  Tires step on the road. The end of the tire contact surface is in the shoulder portion.

  The vent line described in JP 2010-274740 A is a protrusion protruding outward from the outer surface. From the viewpoint of preventing a bear in the shoulder portion, in a tire employing the vent line, the vent line may be included in the ground contact surface depending on the position of the vent line. In this case, this vent line may cause uneven wear on the tire.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a pneumatic tire in which the occurrence of bears in the shoulder portion is prevented while suppressing the influence on performance.

  The pneumatic tire according to the present invention includes a tread in which the profile of the shoulder portion is represented by an arc. The tread has a plurality of main grooves extending in the circumferential direction. These main grooves are carved into the tread, so that shoulder ribs are formed on the tread, which are located outside in the axial direction and extend in the circumferential direction. The shoulder rib includes a large number of lateral grooves extending in the axial direction. These lateral grooves are carved into the shoulder ribs, whereby a number of shoulder blocks are formed on the shoulder ribs. The surface of the shoulder block is provided with a concavo-convex pattern composed of convex portions protruding from the surface. The angle formed by the straight line connecting the center of the arc and the reference point with respect to the straight line connecting the center of the arc and the vertex when the axially inner end of the contour is used as the reference point. The absolute value of is 20 ° or less.

  Preferably, in this pneumatic tire, the concavo-convex pattern includes an enclosure protruding from the surface and extending along the outline, and a serration surrounded by the enclosure. The serration has a plurality of ridges arranged in parallel. Each ridge protrudes from the surface. This ridge is connected to the enclosure at both ends thereof. When a straight line passing through the reference point and extending in the circumferential direction is used as a reference line, each of the start end portion and the end end portion of the enclosure is inclined with respect to the reference line. The inclination angle of the start end portion is smaller than the inclination angle of the end end portion and is 2 ° or more.

  Preferably, in this pneumatic tire, the height of the enclosure is not less than 0.3 mm and not more than 2 mm.

  Preferably, in this pneumatic tire, the height of the ridge is 0.2 mm or more. The height of the ridge is equal to or smaller than the height of the enclosure.

  Preferably, in this pneumatic tire, the width of the ridge is not less than 0.2 mm and not more than 0.8 mm.

  Preferably, in the pneumatic tire, in the serration, the distance between the first ridge and the second ridge located adjacent to the first ridge is 0.2 mm or more and 0.8 mm or less.

  Preferably, in this pneumatic tire, the uneven pattern further includes a cylindrical pole protruding from the surface. The outer diameter of the pole is 1 mm or more and 4 mm or less. The pole is located at the reference point.

  Preferably, in the pneumatic tire, the width of the enclosure is equal to or smaller than the outer diameter of the pole. The width of this enclosure is 0.3 mm or more.

  Preferably, in this pneumatic tire, the ratio of the area of the uneven pattern to the area of the surface of the shoulder block is 10% or more.

  In the pneumatic tire according to the present invention, the shoulder portion is provided with an uneven pattern. This uneven pattern contributes to the discharge of air. In this tire, the occurrence of bears in the shoulder portion is prevented. This concavo-convex pattern is composed of convex portions protruding from the surface of the shoulder block. This uneven pattern contributes to securing the distance from the end of the reinforcing layer such as a belt and a band to the outer surface. In this tire, even if a wide reinforcing layer is employed, damage starting from the end of the reinforcing layer is prevented. Furthermore, in this tire, the position of the axially inner portion of the uneven pattern is appropriately adjusted. In this tire, the occurrence of uneven wear starting from the uneven pattern is also effectively prevented. ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the pneumatic tire by which generation | occurrence | production of the bear in the shoulder part was prevented was suppressed, suppressing the influence on performance.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of a pneumatic tire according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a developed view showing a part of the tread surface of the tire of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is an enlarged development view showing a part of the tread surface of FIG. 2. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VV in FIG. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing how the tire of FIG. 1 is manufactured. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a state different from FIG.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on preferred embodiments with appropriate reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows a pneumatic tire 2. In FIG. 1, the vertical direction is the radial direction of the tire 2, the horizontal direction is the axial direction of the tire 2, and the direction perpendicular to the paper surface is the circumferential direction of the tire 2. In FIG. 1, an alternate long and short dash line CL represents the equator plane of the tire 2. The shape of the tire 2 is symmetrical with respect to the equator plane except for the tread pattern.

  In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the dimensions and angles of the members of the tire 2 are such that the tire 2 is incorporated in a regular rim (not shown) and the tire 2 is filled with air so as to have a regular internal pressure. Measured in At the time of measurement, no load is applied to the tire 2.

  In the present specification, the normal rim means a rim defined in a standard on which the tire 2 depends. “Standard rim” in the JATMA standard, “Design Rim” in the TRA standard, and “Measuring Rim” in the ETRTO standard are regular rims.

  In the present specification, the normal internal pressure means an internal pressure defined in a standard on which the tire 2 relies. “Maximum air pressure” in JATMA standard, “maximum value” published in “TIRE LOAD LIMITS AT VARIOUS COLD INFLATION PRESSURES” in TRA standard, and “INFLATION PRESSURE” in ETRTO standard are normal internal pressures. In the case of passenger car tires, the dimensions and angles are measured with an internal pressure of 180 kPa.

  The tire 2 includes a tread 4, a pair of sidewalls 6, a pair of clinches 8, a pair of beads 10, a carcass 12, a reinforcing layer 14, an inner liner 16, a pair of cushion layers 18, and a pair of chafers 20. . The tire 2 is a tubeless type. The tire 2 is attached to a passenger car or a commercial vehicle.

  The tread 4 has a shape protruding outward in the radial direction. Tread 4 steps on the road. The tread 4 has a base layer 22 and a cap layer 24. The cap layer 24 is located on the outer side in the radial direction of the base layer 22. The cap layer 24 is laminated on the base layer 22. The base layer 22 is made of a crosslinked rubber having excellent adhesiveness. A typical base rubber of the base layer 22 is natural rubber. The cap layer 24 is made of a crosslinked rubber having excellent wear resistance, heat resistance, and grip properties.

  The outer surface of the tread 4 is referred to as a tread surface 26. In the cross section of the tire 2 shown in FIG. 1, the profile 28 of the tread surface 26 is represented by a plurality of arcs arranged in parallel in the axial direction. Of these arcs, an arc representing the profile 28 of the shoulder portion 30 is referred to as a shoulder arc. In the tread 4 of the tire 2, the profile 28 of the shoulder portion 30 is represented by an arc.

  In FIG. 1, an arrow Rsh represents the radius of curvature of the shoulder arc. Reference sign Pb is the center of the shoulder arc. Symbol Pt is the apex of this shoulder arc. In the profile 28 of the tread surface 26, the shoulder arc has the smallest curvature radius in the middle of the curvature radii of a plurality of arcs constituting the profile 28. Usually, the radius of curvature Rsh of the shoulder arc is not less than 5 mm and not more than 40 mm.

  In FIG. 1, the symbol Pc is the end of the ground plane. This ground contact surface is obtained by applying a normal load to the tire 2 with the camber angle being 0 ° and the internal pressure being a normal internal pressure and the direction being the vertical direction. The aforementioned apex Pt of the shoulder arc is located outside the end Pc of the ground plane in the axial direction.

  In the present specification, the normal load means a load defined in a standard on which the tire 2 depends. “Maximum value” published in “Maximum load capacity” in the JATMA standard, “TIRE LOAD LIMITS AT VARIOUS COLD INFLATION PRESSURES” in the TRA standard, and “LOAD CAPACITY” in the ETRTO standard are normal loads.

  Each sidewall 6 extends substantially inward in the radial direction from the end of the tread 4. A radially outer portion of the sidewall 6 is joined to the tread 4. The radially inner portion of the sidewall 6 is joined to the clinch 8. This sidewall 6 is made of a crosslinked rubber having excellent cut resistance and weather resistance. This sidewall 6 prevents the carcass 12 from being damaged. In the tire 2, the radially outer end 32 of the sidewall 6 is on the outer surface. The tire 2 has an SOT (Sidewall on Trade) structure.

  Each clinch 8 is located substantially inside the sidewall 6 in the radial direction. The clinch 8 is located outside the beads 10 and the carcass 12 in the axial direction. The clinch 8 is made of a crosslinked rubber having excellent wear resistance. The clinch 8 contacts the flange of the rim.

  Each bead 10 is located inside the clinch 8 in the axial direction. The bead 10 includes a core 34 and an apex 36 that extends radially outward from the core 34. The core 34 is ring-shaped and includes a wound non-stretchable wire. A typical material for the wire is steel. The apex 36 is tapered outward in the radial direction. The apex 36 is made of a highly hard crosslinked rubber.

  The carcass 12 includes a carcass ply 38. The carcass ply 38 is bridged between the beads 10 on both sides. The carcass ply 38 is along the tread 4 and the sidewall 6. The carcass ply 38 is folded around the core 34 from the inner side to the outer side in the axial direction. By this folding, the carcass ply 38 is formed with a main portion and a folded portion.

  Although not shown, the carcass ply 38 includes a large number of cords arranged in parallel and a topping rubber. The absolute value of the angle formed by each cord with respect to the equator plane is 75 ° to 90 °. In other words, the carcass 12 has a radial structure. The cord is made of organic fiber. Examples of preferable organic fibers include polyester fibers, nylon fibers, rayon fibers, polyethylene naphthalate fibers, and aramid fibers. The carcass 12 may be formed from two or more carcass plies 38.

  The reinforcing layer 14 is located on the inner side in the radial direction of the tread 4. The reinforcing layer 14 is laminated with the carcass 12. In the tire 2, the reinforcing layer 14 is composed of a belt 40.

  The belt 40 reinforces the carcass 12. The belt 40 includes an inner layer 42 and an outer layer 44. As apparent from FIG. 1, the width of the inner layer 42 is slightly larger than the width of the outer layer 44 in the axial direction. Although not shown, each of the inner layer 42 and the outer layer 44 is composed of a large number of cords arranged in parallel and a topping rubber. Each cord is inclined with respect to the equator plane. The general absolute value of the tilt angle is 10 ° or more and 35 ° or less. The inclination direction of the cord of the inner layer 42 with respect to the equator plane is opposite to the inclination direction of the cord of the outer layer 44 with respect to the equator plane. A preferred material for the cord is steel. An organic fiber may be used for the cord. The axial width of the belt 40 is preferably 0.7 times or more the maximum width of the tire 2. The belt 40 may include three or more layers.

  In the tire 2, the reinforcing layer 14 may include a band including a cord wound spirally together with the belt 40 described above. In this case, the band is provided outside the belt 40 in the radial direction.

  The inner liner 16 is located inside the carcass 12. The inner liner 16 is joined to the inner surface of the carcass 12. The inner liner 16 is made of a crosslinked rubber having excellent air shielding properties. A typical base rubber of the inner liner 16 is butyl rubber or halogenated butyl rubber. The inner liner 16 holds the internal pressure of the tire 2.

  Each cushion layer 18 is laminated with the carcass 12 in the vicinity of the end 46 of the belt 40. The cushion layer 18 is made of a soft crosslinked rubber. The cushion layer 18 absorbs stress at the end 46 of the belt 40. The cushion layer 18 suppresses lifting of the belt 40.

  Each chafer 20 is located in the vicinity of the bead 10. When the tire 2 is incorporated in the rim, the chafer 20 comes into contact with the rim. By this contact, the vicinity of the bead 10 is protected. In this embodiment, the chafer 20 is made of cloth and rubber impregnated in the cloth. The chafer 20 may be integrated with the clinch 8. In this case, the material of the chafer 20 is the same as that of the clinch 8.

  In the tire 2, the tread 4 has a plurality of main grooves 48. Each of these main grooves 48 extends in the circumferential direction. The main groove 48 has a width of 3.5 mm to 12.0 mm. These main grooves 48 are carved in the tread 4. Thereby, a plurality of ribs 50 are formed on the tread 4. These ribs 50 extend in the circumferential direction. These ribs 50 are arranged in the axial direction. The rib 50s located on the outer side in the axial direction is referred to as a shoulder rib. The rib 50c located on the equator plane is referred to as a center rib. The rib 50m positioned between the center rib 50c and the shoulder rib 50s in the axial direction is referred to as a middle rib. The tread 4 of the tire 2 is further provided with a sub-groove 52 extending in the circumferential direction on the outer side in the axial direction of the shoulder rib 50s.

  FIG. 2 is a development view of the tread surface 26. In FIG. 2, the vertical direction is the circumferential direction of the tire 2, the horizontal direction is the axial direction of the tire 2, and the direction perpendicular to the paper surface is the radial direction of the tire 2.

  The shoulder rib 50s has a large number of first lateral grooves 54f. Each of these first lateral grooves 54f extends substantially in the axial direction. The first lateral groove 54f has a width of 1.0 mm to 5.0 mm. These first lateral grooves 54f are carved into the shoulder rib 50s. Thus, a large number of shoulder blocks 56s are formed on the shoulder rib 50s. These shoulder blocks 56s are arranged in the circumferential direction.

  The middle rib 50m has a large number of second lateral grooves 54s. Each of these second lateral grooves 54s extends substantially in the axial direction. The second lateral groove 54s has a width of 1.0 mm to 5.0 mm. These second lateral grooves 54s are carved into the middle rib 50m. Thus, a large number of middle blocks 56m are formed on the middle rib 50m. These middle blocks 56m are arranged in the circumferential direction.

  In the tire 2, the center rib 50c is not provided with a lateral groove such as the first lateral groove 54f of the shoulder rib 50s or the second lateral groove 54s of the middle rib 50m. The center rib 50c is continuous in the circumferential direction.

  FIG. 3 shows a part of the tread surface 26 of FIG. In FIG. 3, the vertical direction is the circumferential direction of the tire 2, the horizontal direction is the axial direction of the tire 2, and the direction perpendicular to the paper surface is the radial direction of the tire 2. FIG. 3 shows a part of the shoulder block 56s.

  An uneven pattern 60 is provided on the surface 58 of the shoulder block 56 s of the tire 2. The concavo-convex pattern 60 is composed of convex portions 62 protruding from the surface 58. In the concavo-convex pattern 60, portions other than the convex portion 62 are recessed.

  In FIG. 3, an alternate long and short dash line Lf represents the contour of the uneven pattern 60. In the contour Lf, the end located on the inner side in the axial direction is represented by the symbol Pp. In the present invention, the axially inner end Pp of the contour Lf is a reference point. A straight line Lp passing through the reference point Pp and extending in the circumferential direction is a reference line.

  In the tire 2, the uneven pattern 60 includes a pole 64, an enclosure 66, and a serration 68. The pole 64 is located at the reference point Pp of the contour Lf. The enclosure 66 extends along the contour Lf. In the tire 2, the enclosure 66 has a pole 64 located at the reference point Pp as a starting point and a pole 64 located at the reference point Pp as an end point. This enclosure 66 forms a loop. A start end portion 70 of the enclosure 66 is connected to the pole 64. An end portion 72 of the enclosure 66 is connected to the pole 64. When the pole 64 is not provided at the reference point Pp, the start end portion 70 and the end portion 72 of the enclosure 66 are directly joined at the reference point Pp. The serration 68 is surrounded by an enclosure 66. The serration 68 includes a plurality of ridges 74. These ridges 74 are arranged at a constant pitch. Each ridge 74 is connected to an enclosure 66 at both ends thereof.

  In the tire 2, the ridge 74 extends linearly. The extending direction of the ridge 74 is inclined with respect to the circumferential direction. This inclination angle is 10 ° to 40 °.

  FIG. 4 shows a cross section taken along line IV-IV in FIG. The IV-IV line passes through the reference point Pp and is orthogonal to the extending direction of the ridge 74. FIG. 5 shows a cross section taken along line VV in FIG. The VV line passes through the reference point Pp and is orthogonal to the extending direction of the start end portion 70 of the enclosure 66.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the pole 64 protrudes outward from the surface 58 of the shoulder block 56s. In the tire 2, the pole 64 has a cylindrical shape. As shown in FIG. 5, the enclosure 66 projects outwardly from the surface 58 of the shoulder block 56s. In the tire 2, the cross-sectional shape of the enclosure 66 is a rectangle. This shape may be a trapezoid or a triangle. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, each of the ridges 74 constituting the serration 68 protrudes outward from the surface 58 of the shoulder block 56s. In the tire 2, the ridge 74 has a rectangular cross-sectional shape. This shape may be a trapezoid or a triangle. In the tire 2, the convex portion 62 constituting the concave / convex pattern 60 includes a pole 64, an enclosure 66, and a ridge 74.

  In the manufacture of the tire 2, a plurality of rubber members such as the tread 4 and the sidewall 6 are assembled to obtain a raw cover (unvulcanized tire). This raw cover is put into a mold. The outer surface of the raw cover is in contact with the mold. The inner surface of the raw cover contacts the bladder or the core. The raw cover is pressurized and heated in the mold. The rubber composition of the raw cover flows by pressurization and heating. The rubber causes a crosslinking reaction by heating, and the tire 2 is obtained.

  The mold has a cavity surface. The raw cover put into the mold comes into contact with the cavity surface. The form of the cavity surface corresponds to the outer surface of the tire 2. The outer surface of the tire 2 is formed by the low cover coming into contact with the cavity surface.

  6 and 7 schematically show a state immediately after the outer surface of the raw cover 76 comes into contact with the cavity surface 80 of the mold 76. 6 shows a cavity surface 80 corresponding to the cross section of the concavo-convex pattern 60 of FIG. FIG. 7 shows a cavity surface 80 corresponding to the cross section of the concavo-convex pattern 60 of FIG. The cavity surface 80 of the mold 76 is provided with a vent hole 82, a vent line 84, and a groove 86.

  The vent hole 82 corresponds to the pole 64 of the concavo-convex pattern 60. The vent hole 82 is recessed from a reference surface 88 corresponding to the surface 58 of the shoulder block 56s. As shown in FIG. 6, the vent hole 82 is provided with a thin tube 90 that communicates the inside and the outside of the mold 76.

  The vent line 84 corresponds to the enclosure 66 of the uneven pattern 60. The vent line 84 is also recessed from the reference surface 88 in the same manner as the vent hole 82. As described above, the enclosure 66 forms a loop, and the start end portion 70 and the end portion 72 of the enclosure 66 are connected to the pole 64. Therefore, although not shown, the vent line 84 forms a loop, and the start and end portions of the vent line 84 are connected to the vent hole 82.

  The groove 86 corresponds to the ridge 74 of the concavo-convex pattern 60. The groove 86 is also recessed from the reference surface 88 in the same manner as the vent hole 82 and the vent line 84. As described above, the ridge 74 is connected to the enclosure 66 at both ends thereof. Therefore, although not shown, the groove 86 is connected to the vent line 84 at both ends thereof.

  In the manufacture of the tire 2, the rubber composition of the raw cover 76 fills the grooves 86 in the process in which the raw cover 76 contacts the cavity surface 80. Thereby, the air existing between the raw cover 76 and the cavity surface 80 moves along the groove 86 and is guided to the vent line 84. This rubber composition further fills the vent line 84. As a result, the air guided to the vent line 84 moves along the vent line 84 and is guided to the vent hole 82. The rubber composition fills the vent hole 82. Thereby, the air guided to the vent hole 82 is discharged to the outside of the mold 76 through the thin tube 90. The concavo-convex pattern 60 is formed by the rubber composition filling the groove 86, the vent line 84 and the vent hole 82. The uneven pattern 60 contributes to air discharge.

  As described above, in the profile 28 of the tread surface 26, the shoulder arc has a small curvature radius Rsh. For this reason, air tends to remain in the shoulder arc portion, that is, the shoulder portion 30 of the tire 2.

  In the tire 2, an uneven pattern 60 is provided on the shoulder portion 30. Since the concavo-convex pattern 60 contributes to the discharge of air, in the tire 2, the occurrence of bears in the shoulder portion 30 is prevented.

  The end 46 of the reinforcing layer 14 of the tire 2 is located near the shoulder portion 30. In the tire 2 in the running state, bending (that is, deformation) and restoration are repeated. For this reason, the end 46 portion of the reinforcing layer 14 is easy to move. This movement can cause damage starting from this end 46.

  In the tire 2, the concavo-convex pattern 60 includes a convex portion 62 that protrudes from the surface 58 of the shoulder block 56 s. The uneven pattern 60 contributes to securing a distance from the end 46 of the reinforcing layer 14 to the outer surface. In the tire 2, even if the end 46 portion of the reinforcing layer 14 moves, damage such as a belt edge looseness hardly occurs. In the tire 2, even when the wide reinforcing layer 14 is employed, damage starting from the end 46 of the reinforcing layer 14 is effectively prevented.

  As described above, the concavo-convex pattern 60 includes the convex portions 62 that protrude from the surface 58 of the shoulder block 56s. If the uneven pattern 60 is included in the ground contact surface, the uneven pattern 60 may cause uneven wear.

  In the tire 2, the reference point Pp of the uneven pattern 60 is located near the apex Pt of the shoulder arc. In other words, in the tire 2, the position of the inner portion in the axial direction of the uneven pattern 60 is appropriately adjusted. This prevents the ground contact surface of the tire 2 from including the uneven pattern 60. In the tire 2, the occurrence of uneven wear starting from the uneven pattern 60 is effectively prevented.

  As described above, in the tire 2, the uneven pattern 60 prevents the occurrence of bears in the shoulder portion 30, and the influence on the performance that may be caused by providing the uneven pattern 60 is suppressed. According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain the pneumatic tire 2 in which the occurrence of bears in the shoulder portion 30 is prevented while suppressing the influence on the performance.

  In FIG. 1, a two-dot chain line Ltb is a straight line connecting the center Pb of the shoulder arc and the vertex Pt. The solid line Lpb is a straight line connecting the center Pb and the reference point Pp of the concavo-convex pattern 60. The angle θp is an angle formed by the straight line Lpb with respect to the straight line Ltb.

  In the tire 2, the absolute value of the angle θp is 20 ° or less. Thereby, when the reference point Pp is located on the inner side in the axial direction from the vertex Pt, the contact surface of the tire 2 is prevented from including the uneven pattern 60. In the tire 2, the occurrence of uneven wear starting from the uneven pattern 60 is effectively prevented. When the reference point Pp is on the outer side in the axial direction than the vertex Pt, the concavo-convex pattern 60 effectively contributes to the discharge of air. In the tire 2, the generation of bears is prevented. From the viewpoint of preventing uneven wear and bareness, the absolute value of the angle θp is more preferably 15 ° or less, and particularly preferably 10 ° or less. In the present specification, when the reference point Pp is axially inside the vertex Pt, the angle θp is expressed as a positive number, and when the reference point Pp is axially outside the vertex Pt, The angle θp is represented by a negative number.

  In FIG. 3, the angle α <b> 1 represents an angle formed by the start end portion 70 of the enclosure 66 with respect to the reference line Lp. The angle α2 represents an angle formed by the end portion 72 of the enclosure 66 with respect to the reference line Lp.

  In the tire 2, each of the start end portion 70 and the end portion 72 of the enclosure 66 is inclined with respect to the circumferential direction, and the inclination angle α1 of the start end portion 70 is preferably smaller than the inclination angle α2 of the end portion 72. . Thereby, the uneven | corrugated pattern 60 tapering in the axial direction inward is obtained. In the tire 2, even if the concavo-convex pattern 60 is included in the ground contact surface, the influence on the uneven wear by the concavo-convex pattern 60 is effectively suppressed.

  In the tire 2, the inclination angle α1 is preferably 2 ° or more. This effectively prevents the starting end portion 70 of the enclosure 66 from becoming a base point for uneven wear. From this viewpoint, the inclination angle α1 is more preferably 5 ° or more. In the tire 2, the inclination angle α1 is preferably 45 ° or less. Thereby, the uneven | corrugated pattern 60 of sufficient magnitude | size which contributes to prevention of a bear is obtained. From this viewpoint, the inclination angle α1 is more preferably 40 ° or less.

  In the tire 2, the inclination angle α2 is preferably 178 ° or less. This effectively prevents the end portion 72 of the enclosure 66 from becoming a base point for uneven wear. In this respect, the inclination angle α2 is more preferably 175 ° or less. In the tire 2, the inclination angle α2 is preferably 135 ° or more. Thereby, the uneven | corrugated pattern 60 of sufficient magnitude | size which contributes to prevention of a bear is obtained. From this viewpoint, the inclination angle α1 is more preferably 140 ° or more.

  In the tire 2, the difference (α2−α1) between the inclination angle α2 and the inclination angle α1 is preferably 90 ° or more. Thereby, the uneven | corrugated pattern 60 of sufficient magnitude | size which contributes to prevention of a bear is obtained. From this viewpoint, the difference (α2−α1) is more preferably 100 ° or more. In the tire 2, the difference (α2−α1) is preferably 170 ° or less. This effectively prevents the start end portion 70 and / or the end portion 72 of the enclosure 66 from becoming a base point for uneven wear. In this respect, the difference (α2−α1) is more preferably equal to or less than 160 °.

  In FIG. 4, the double-headed arrow Rp is the outer diameter of the pole 64. A double arrow Hp is the height of the pole 64. This height Hp is represented by the height from the surface 58 of the shoulder block 56s to the top of the pole 64. The double arrow Wr is the width of the ridge 74. A double arrow Hr indicates the height of the ridge 74. This height Hr is represented by the height from the surface 58 of the shoulder block 56s to the top of the ridge 74. A double-pointed arrow Dr is a distance between one ridge 74 and another ridge 74 located next to the one ridge 74. The double arrow Hs is the height of the enclosure 66. This height Hs is represented by the height from the surface 58 of the shoulder block 56s to the top of the enclosure 66. In FIG. 5, the double arrow Ws is the width of the enclosure 66. In FIG. 5, the double arrow Hs is the height of the enclosure 66, and the double arrow Hr is the height of the ridge 74.

  In the tire 2, the outer diameter Rp of the pole 64 is preferably 1 mm or more and 4 mm or less. By setting the outer diameter Rp to 1 mm, the pole 64 effectively contributes to air discharge. In the tire 2, generation of bears is suppressed. By setting the outer diameter Rp to 4 mm or less, the pole 64 can be effectively prevented from becoming a base point for uneven wear.

  In the tire 2, the height Hp of the pole 64 is preferably 1 mm or more and 4 mm or less. By setting the height Hp to 1 mm, the pole 64 effectively contributes to air discharge. In the tire 2, generation of bears is suppressed. By setting the height Hp to 4 mm or less, the pole 64 is effectively prevented from becoming a base point for uneven wear.

  In the tire 2, the width Ws of the enclosure 66 is preferably 0.3 mm or more. By setting the width Ws to be 0.3 mm or more, the enclosure 66 effectively contributes to air discharge. In the tire 2, generation of bears is suppressed. In the tire 2, the width Ws of the enclosure 66 is preferably equal to the outer diameter Rp of the pole 64 or smaller than the outer diameter Rp from the viewpoint that air discharge is promoted. This width Ws is more preferably smaller than the outer diameter Rp. Specifically, the ratio of the width Ws to the outer diameter Rp is preferably 0.9 or less, and more preferably 0.8 or less.

  In the tire 2, the height Hs of the enclosure 66 is preferably 0.3 mm or more and 2 mm or less. By setting the height Hp to be 0.3 mm or more, the enclosure 66 effectively contributes to the discharge of air. In the tire 2, generation of bears is suppressed. By setting the height Hs to 2 mm or less, it is effectively prevented that the enclosure 66 becomes a base point for uneven wear.

  In the tire 2, the width Wr of the ridge 74 is preferably 0.2 mm or more. By setting the width Wr to be 0.2 mm or more, the ridge 74 effectively contributes to air discharge. In the tire 2, generation of bears is suppressed. The ridge 74 having a large width Wr affects the appearance. From this viewpoint, the width Wr is preferably 0.8 mm or less.

  In the tire 2, the height Hr of the ridge 74 is preferably 0.2 mm or more. By setting the height Hr to be 0.2 mm or more, the ridge 74 effectively contributes to air discharge. In the tire 2, generation of bears is suppressed. The ridge 74 having a large height Hr affects the appearance. From this point of view, the height Hr is preferably equal to or smaller than the height Hs of the enclosure 66. This height Hr is more preferably smaller than the height Hs. Specifically, the ratio of the height Hr to the height Hs is preferably 0.9 or less, and more preferably 0.8 or less.

  In the tire 2, the distance Dr between the ridges 74 is preferably 0.2 mm or more and 0.8 mm or less. By setting the distance Dr to 0.2 mm or more, a serration 68 composed of a ridge 74 having an appropriate width Wr is obtained. This serration 68 contributes to a good appearance. By setting the distance Dr to 0.8 mm or less, a ridge 74 having a sufficient width Wr is obtained. The ridge 74 effectively contributes to air discharge. In the tire 2, generation of bears is suppressed.

  In the tire 2, the ratio of the uneven pattern 60 to the area of the surface 58 of the shoulder block 56s is preferably 10% or more. Thereby, the uneven | corrugated pattern 60 contributes effectively to discharge | emission of air. In the tire 2, generation of bears is suppressed. From the viewpoint that the uneven pattern 60 is effectively prevented from becoming a base point of uneven wear, this ratio is preferably 40% or less. Note that the area of the surface 58 of the shoulder block 56s and the area of the concavo-convex pattern 60 are obtained in the developed view shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, in the tire 2, the contour Lf of the concavo-convex pattern 60 has a parallelogram shape. The outline Lf may be triangular or rectangular. The contour Lf may be configured to include a circular arc in a part thereof. The contour Lf is appropriately determined in consideration of air discharge, influence on uneven wear, design, and the like.

  In the tire 2, the uneven pattern 60 may be provided on the surface of all the shoulder blocks 56s arranged in the circumferential direction. The uneven pattern 60 may be provided on the surface of some shoulder blocks 56s. The arrangement of the concavo-convex pattern 60 in the circumferential direction is appropriately determined in consideration of discharge of air, influence on uneven wear, design properties, and the like.

  Hereinafter, the effects of the present invention will be clarified by examples. However, the present invention should not be construed in a limited manner based on the description of the examples.

[Example 1]
The tire shown in FIGS. 1-5 was manufactured. The size of this tire is 215 / 35R18. The radius of curvature Rsh of the shoulder arc of the tread was 28 mm. The ratio of the uneven pattern area to the surface area of the shoulder block was 30%. The angle θp representing the position of the reference point Pp of the concavo-convex pattern was 0 °. An uneven pattern pole is provided at the reference point Pp. An enclosure is provided starting from this pole, and a serration is provided inside the enclosure. The angle (inclination angle) formed by the extending direction of the plurality of ridges constituting the serration with respect to the circumferential direction was 20 °. The specifications of the pole, enclosure and serration are shown in Table 1 below.

[Comparative Example 1]
A tire of Comparative Example 1 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the uneven pattern of Example 1 was replaced with a recess (depth was 1 mm). This comparative example 1 is a conventional tire. In Comparative Example 1, no pole, enclosure, or serration is provided.

[Comparative Example 2]
A tire of Comparative Example 2 was obtained in the same manner as Example 1 except that the angle θp was 25 ° and no pole was provided.

[Example 2]
A tire of Example 2 was obtained in the same manner as Example 1 except that no pole was provided.

[Example 3-4 and Comparative Example 3-4]
Tires of Example 3-4 and Comparative Example 3-4 were obtained in the same manner as Example 1 except that the angle θp was as shown in Table 2 below.

[Example 5-8]
A tire of Example 5-8 was obtained in the same manner as Example 1 except that the outer diameter Rp was as shown in Table 3 below.

[Examples 9-12]
Tires of Examples 9-12 were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the angles α1 and α2 were as shown in Table 4 below.

[Examples 13-17]
Tires of Examples 13-17 were obtained in the same manner as Example 1 except that the width Ws was as shown in Table 5 below.

[Example 18-21]
A tire of Example 18-21 was obtained in the same manner as Example 1 except that the height Hs was as shown in Table 6 below.

[Examples 22-25]
Tires of Examples 22-25 were obtained in the same manner as Example 1 except that the width Wr was changed as shown in Table 7 below.

[Examples 26-29]
Tires of Examples 26-29 were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the height Hr was as shown in Table 8 below.

[Examples 30-33]
Tires of Examples 30 to 33 were obtained in the same manner as Example 1 except that the spacing Dr was as shown in Table 9 below.

[Examples 34-36]
Tires of Examples 34 to 36 were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the ratio of the uneven pattern area was as shown in Table 10 below.

[Appearance evaluation]
The appearance of the tire after production was visually observed. The results were rated as follows. The results are shown in Table 1-10 below. In each table, “Good” is represented by “G”, “Safe” is represented by “S”, and “No Good” is represented by “NG”.
Good ··· No generation of bear Safe ······· Slight generation of bear is observed, but there is no problem as a product No Good · · · Generation of bear is recognized, and it should be a product Can not

[High-speed durability evaluation]
The high-speed durability based on the ECE30 standard was evaluated. The speed was increased stepwise to obtain the speed at which the prototype tire was damaged and the time from reaching that speed until the damage occurred. The results are shown in Table 1-10 below. The higher the speed and the longer the time, the better the high-speed durability. The speed was increased by 10 km / h from 230 km / h to 290 km / h. It was held for 20 minutes after reaching each speed.

[Uneven wear]
The tire was assembled in a 7.5 J rim, and the tire was filled with air so that the internal pressure was 290 kPa. This tire was mounted on a passenger car having a displacement of 2000 cc. The driver was allowed to drive the passenger car on a general road. The amount of wear of the shoulder rib at the time when the travel distance was 50000 km was measured. Based on the reciprocal of this amount of wear, the evaluation about uneven wear was performed. The results are shown in the following Table 1-10 as an index with Comparative Example 1 taken as 100. The smaller the value, the less the wear, that is, the better.

  As Table 1-10 shows, in the tire of an Example, evaluation is high compared with the tire of a comparative example. From this evaluation result, the superiority of the present invention is clear.

  The technology for suppressing the bear described above can also be applied to various vehicle tires.

2 ... Tire 4 ... Tread 6 ... Sidewall 8 ... Clinch 10 ... Bead 12 ... Carcass 14 ... Reinforcement layer 26 ... Tread surface 28 ... Profile 30 ..Shoulder portion 40 ... Belt 42 ... Inner layer 44 ... Outer layer 46 ... End of belt 40 (reinforcing layer 14) 48 ... Main groove 50, 50s, 50c, 50m ... Ribs 54f, 54s ... Horizontal grooves 56s, 56m ... Block 58 ... Surface of shoulder block 56s 60 ... Concave and convex pattern 62 ... Convex part 64 ... Pole 66 ... Enclosure 68 ... Serration 70 ... Start end portion of enclosure 66 72 ... End portion of enclosure 66 74 ... Ridge 76 ... Raw cover 78 ... Mold 80 ... Cavity surface 82 ... Vent Lumpur 84 ... vent line 86 ... groove

Claims (9)

The shoulder part profile has a tread represented by an arc,
The tread has a plurality of main grooves extending in the circumferential direction,
These main grooves are carved into the tread, and thereby, a shoulder rib is formed on the tread that is located on the outer side in the axial direction and extends in the circumferential direction.
The shoulder rib has a large number of lateral grooves extending in the axial direction,
These lateral grooves are engraved in the shoulder ribs, so that a number of shoulder blocks are formed on the shoulder ribs.
The surface of the shoulder block is provided with a concavo-convex pattern composed of convex portions protruding from the surface,
In the contour of the concavo-convex pattern, when the axially inner end of the contour is used as a reference point,
A straight line connecting the center and the reference point of the arc Ri absolute value 20 ° der following angle formed with respect to a straight line connecting its apex and the center of the arc,
The concavo-convex pattern includes an enclosure protruding from the surface and extending along the outline, and a serration surrounded by the enclosure,
The start end portion of the enclosure and the end portion thereof are directly joined at the reference point,
Has a plurality of ridges which the serrations are parallel, projecting each ridge from the surface, the ridges that are connected to the enclosure at its opposite ends, a pneumatic tire. When a straight line extending in the circumferential direction through the reference point is used as a reference line,
Each of the start end portion and the end end portion of the enclosure is inclined with respect to the reference line,
The pneumatic tire according to claim 1, wherein an inclination angle of the start end portion is smaller than an inclination angle of the end end portion and is 2 ° or more.   The pneumatic tire according to claim 2, wherein the height of the enclosure is 0.3 mm or more and 2 mm or less. The height of the ridge is 0.2 mm or more,
The pneumatic tire according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a height of the ridge is equal to or smaller than a height of the enclosure.   The pneumatic tire according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the ridge has a width of 0.2 mm or more and 0.8 mm or less.   The pneumatic tire according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein, in the serration, a distance between the first ridge and the second ridge adjacent to the first ridge is 0.2 mm or more and 0.8 mm or less. . The concavo-convex pattern further includes a cylindrical pole protruding from the surface,
The outer diameter of the pole is 1 mm or more and 4 mm or less,
The pneumatic tire according to claim 1, wherein the pole is located at the reference point. The width of the enclosure is equal to the outer diameter of the pole, or smaller than the outer diameter of the pole,
The pneumatic tire according to claim 7, wherein the width of the enclosure is 0.3 mm or more.   The pneumatic tire according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a ratio of an area of the uneven pattern to an area of a surface of the shoulder block is 10% or more.

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