JP6400143B2 - POWER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM, POWER MANAGEMENT METHOD, FUEL CELL DEVICE, AND POWER CONTROL DEVICE - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a management system, a management method, a control device, and a hot water supply system having a fuel cell device that generates electric power using fuel and a control device that communicates with the fuel cell device.

  In recent years, a power management system having a plurality of devices and a control device that controls the plurality of devices has been proposed (for example, Patent Document 1). The plurality of devices are, for example, home electric appliances such as air conditioners and lighting devices, and distributed power sources such as solar cells, storage batteries, and fuel cell devices. Controller, for example, HEMS (Home Energy Management System), SEMS (Store Energy Management System), BEMS (Building Energy Management System), FEMS (Factory Energy Management System), referred to as CEMS (Cluster / Community Energy Management System) Is done.

  In order to spread the management system described above, it is effective to make a message format common between a plurality of devices and a control device, and attempts have been made to make such a message format common.

JP 2010-128810 A

  The above-mentioned standardization of the message format has just begun, and various studies are necessary for the message format for appropriately controlling the device.

  Then, this invention was made | formed in order to solve the subject mentioned above, and it aims at providing the management system, the management method, control apparatus, and hot water supply system which can control an apparatus appropriately. .

  A management system according to a first feature includes a fuel cell device that generates electric power using fuel, a hot water storage device that generates hot water using fuel or maintains a water temperature, and communicates with the fuel cell device and the hot water storage device. And a control device for performing. The control device receives a message indicating the amount of fuel used by the fuel cell device and a message indicating the amount of fuel used by the hot water storage device in different formats.

  In the first feature, the control device indicates a fuel usage amount of the fuel cell device prior to receiving a message indicating the fuel usage amount of the fuel cell device and a message indicating the fuel usage amount of the hot water storage device. And the message which shows the presence or absence of the function which transmits the message which shows the fuel usage-amount of the said hot water storage apparatus is received.

  1st characteristic WHEREIN: The said hot water storage apparatus produces | generates hot water using the waste heat of the said fuel cell apparatus, or maintains water temperature.

  In the first feature, the fuel cell device and the hot water storage device constitute at least a part of a hot water supply unit. The control device receives a message indicating the fuel usage amount of the fuel cell device and a message indicating the fuel usage amount of the hot water storage device from the hot water supply unit in different formats.

  In the first feature, the message indicating the fuel usage amount of the fuel cell device and the message indicating the fuel usage amount of the hot water storage device include a sum of the fuel usage amount of the fuel cell device and the fuel usage amount of the hot water storage device. It is defined separately from the message shown.

  In the first feature, when the control device is not provided with a function of transmitting a message indicating the fuel usage amount of the fuel cell device and a message indicating the fuel usage amount of the hot water storage device, A message indicating the sum of the fuel usage amount and the fuel usage amount of the hot water storage device is received.

  The management method according to the second feature includes a fuel cell device that generates electric power using fuel, a hot water storage device that generates hot water using fuel or maintains a water temperature, and communicates with the fuel cell device and the hot water storage device. This is a method used in a management system having a control device. The management method includes a step in which the control device receives a message indicating the fuel usage amount of the fuel cell device and a message indicating the fuel usage amount of the hot water storage device in different formats.

  The control device according to the third feature communicates with a fuel cell device that generates electric power using fuel and a hot water storage device that generates hot water using the fuel or maintains the water temperature. The control device includes a receiving unit that receives a message indicating the fuel usage of the fuel cell device and a message indicating the fuel usage of the hot water storage device in different formats.

  A hot water supply system according to a fourth feature includes a fuel cell device that generates electric power using fuel, and a hot water storage device that generates hot water using the fuel or maintains the water temperature. In the hot water supply system, a message indicating the amount of fuel used by the fuel cell device and a message indicating the amount of fuel used by the hot water storage device in different formats for the control device communicating with the fuel cell device and the hot water storage device. A transmitting unit for transmitting is provided.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a management system, a management method, a control device, and a hot water supply system that can appropriately control equipment.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an energy management system 100 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the customer 10 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the fuel cell device 150 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a network configuration according to the first embodiment. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the EMS 200 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a message format according to the first embodiment. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a message format according to the first embodiment. FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the management method according to the first embodiment.

  Hereinafter, a management system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description of the drawings, the same or similar parts are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals.

  However, it should be noted that the drawings are schematic and ratios of dimensions and the like are different from actual ones. Therefore, specific dimensions and the like should be determined in consideration of the following description. Moreover, it is a matter of course that portions having different dimensional relationships and ratios are included between the drawings.

[Outline of Embodiment]
A management system according to the embodiment includes a fuel cell device that generates electric power using fuel, a hot water storage device that generates hot water using fuel or maintains a water temperature, and a control that communicates with the fuel cell device and the hot water storage device Device. The control device receives a message indicating the amount of fuel used by the fuel cell device and a message indicating the amount of fuel used by the hot water storage device in different formats.

  In the embodiment, a message indicating the fuel usage amount of the fuel cell device and a message indicating the fuel usage amount of the hot water storage device are defined in different formats. Therefore, the control device can collect useful information in visualizing the energy consumption of the device. Further, in the control of the fuel cell device and the hot water storage device, the control device can collect useful information.

[First Embodiment]
(Energy management system)
Hereinafter, the energy management system according to the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an energy management system 100 according to the first embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the energy management system 100 includes a customer 10, a CEMS 20, a substation 30, a smart server 40, and a power plant 50. The customer 10, the CEMS 20, the substation 30 and the smart server 40 are connected by a network 60.

  The consumer 10 includes, for example, a power generation device and a power storage device. The power generation device is a device that outputs electric power using fuel gas, such as a fuel cell. The power storage device is a device that stores electric power, such as a secondary battery.

  The consumer 10 may be a detached house or an apartment house such as a condominium. Alternatively, the customer 10 may be a store such as a convenience store or a supermarket, a commercial facility such as a building, or a factory.

  In the first embodiment, a customer group 10 </ b> A and a customer group 10 </ b> B are configured by a plurality of consumers 10. The consumer group 10A and the consumer group 10B are classified by, for example, a geographical area.

  The CEMS 20 controls interconnection between the plurality of consumers 10 and the power system. The CEMS 20 may be referred to as a CEMS (Cluster / Community Energy Management System) in order to manage a plurality of consumers 10. Specifically, the CEMS 20 disconnects between the plurality of consumers 10 and the power system at the time of a power failure or the like. On the other hand, the CEMS 20 interconnects the plurality of consumers 10 and the power system when power is restored.

  In the first embodiment, a CEMS 20A and a CEMS 20B are provided. For example, the CEMS 20A controls interconnection between the customer 10 included in the customer group 10A and the power system. For example, the CEMS 20B controls interconnection between the customer 10 included in the customer group 10B and the power system.

  The substation 30 supplies electric power to the plurality of consumers 10 via the distribution line 31. Specifically, the substation 30 steps down the voltage received from the power plant 50.

  In the first embodiment, a substation 30A and a substation 30B are provided. For example, the substation 30A supplies power to the consumers 10 included in the consumer group 10A via the distribution line 31A. For example, the substation 30B supplies power to the consumers 10 included in the consumer group 10B via the distribution line 31B.

  The smart server 40 manages a plurality of CEMSs 20 (here, CEMS 20A and CEMS 20B). The smart server 40 also manages a plurality of substations 30 (here, the substation 30A and the substation 30B). In other words, the smart server 40 comprehensively manages the customers 10 included in the customer group 10A and the customer group 10B. For example, the smart server 40 has a function of balancing the power to be supplied to the consumer group 10A and the power to be supplied to the consumer group 10B.

  The power plant 50 generates power using thermal power, wind power, hydraulic power, nuclear power, and the like. The power plant 50 supplies power to the plurality of substations 30 (here, the substation 30A and the substation 30B) via the power transmission line 51.

  The network 60 is connected to each device via a signal line. The network 60 is, for example, the Internet, a wide area network, a narrow area network, a mobile phone network, or the like.

(Customer)
Below, the consumer which concerns on 1st Embodiment is demonstrated. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating details of the customer 10 according to the first embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the customer 10 includes a distribution board 110, a load 120, a PV device 130, a storage battery device 140, a fuel cell device 150, a hot water storage device 160, and an EMS 200.

  In the first embodiment, the customer 10 has an ammeter 180. The ammeter 180 is used for load following control of the fuel cell device 150. On the power line connecting the storage battery device 140 and the fuel cell device 150 and the system, the ammeter 180 is downstream (on the side away from the system) from the connection point between the storage battery device 140 and the power line, and the fuel cell device 150 It is provided upstream (side closer to the grid) than the connection point with the power line. Of course, the ammeter 180 is provided upstream of the connection point between the load 120 and the power line (on the side closer to the grid).

  In the first embodiment, it should be noted that each device is connected to the power line in the order of the PV device 130, the storage battery device 140, the fuel cell device 150, and the load 120 when viewed from the order close to the system.

  Distribution board 110 is connected to distribution line 31 (system). Distribution board 110 is connected to load 120, PV device 130, storage battery device 140, and fuel cell device 150 via a power line.

  The load 120 is a device that consumes power supplied via a power line. For example, the load 120 includes devices such as a refrigerator, a freezer, lighting, and an air conditioner.

  The PV device 130 includes a PV 131 and a PCS 132. The PV 131 is an example of a power generation device, and is a solar power generation device that generates power in response to reception of sunlight. The PV 131 outputs the generated DC power. The amount of power generated by the PV 131 changes according to the amount of solar radiation applied to the PV 131. The PCS 132 is a device (Power Conditioning System) that converts DC power output from the PV 131 into AC power. The PCS 132 outputs AC power to the distribution board 110 via the power line.

  In the first embodiment, the PV device 130 may include a pyranometer that measures the amount of solar radiation irradiated on the PV 131.

  The PV device 130 is controlled by an MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) method. Specifically, the PV device 130 optimizes the operating point (a point determined by the operating point voltage value and the power value, or a point determined by the operating point voltage value and the current value) of the PV 131.

  The storage battery device 140 includes a storage battery 141 and a PCS 142. The storage battery 141 is a device that stores electric power. The PCS 142 is a device (Power Conditioning System) that converts AC power supplied from the distribution line 31 (system) into DC power. Further, the PCS 142 converts DC power output from the storage battery 141 into AC power.

  The fuel cell device 150 includes a fuel cell 151 and a PCS 152. The fuel cell 151 is an example of a power generation device, and is a device that generates electric power using fuel (gas). The PCS 152 is a device (Power Conditioning System) that converts DC power output from the fuel cell 151 into AC power.

  The fuel cell device 150 operates by load following control. Specifically, the fuel cell device 150 controls the fuel cell 151 so that the power output from the fuel cell 151 becomes the target power for load following control. In other words, the fuel cell device 150 controls the power output from the fuel cell 151 so that the current value detected by the ammeter 180 becomes the target received power.

  The hot water storage device 160 is a device that generates hot water or maintains the water temperature using fuel (gas). Specifically, the hot water storage device 160 has a hot water storage tank, and the water supplied from the hot water storage tank is generated by heat generated by combustion of fuel (gas) or exhaust heat generated by operation (power generation) of the fuel cell 151. warm. Specifically, the hot water storage device 160 warms the water supplied from the hot water storage tank and returns the heated hot water to the hot water storage tank.

  In the embodiment, it should be noted that the fuel cell device 150 and the hot water storage device 160 constitute a hot water supply unit 170 (hot water supply system).

  The EMS 200 is a device (Energy Management System) that controls the PV device 130, the storage battery device 140, the fuel cell device 150, and the hot water storage device 160. Specifically, the EMS 200 is connected to the PV device 130, the storage battery device 140, the fuel cell device 150, and the hot water storage device 160 via signal lines, and the PV device 130, the storage battery device 140, the fuel cell device 150, and the hot water storage device. 160 is controlled. The EMS 200 controls the power consumption of the load 120 by controlling the operation mode of the load 120.

  The EMS 200 is connected to various servers via the network 60. Various servers store, for example, information (hereinafter referred to as energy charge information) such as the unit price of power supplied from the grid, the unit price of power received from the grid, and the unit price of fuel gas.

  Or various servers store the information (henceforth energy consumption prediction information) for predicting the power consumption of the load 120, for example. The energy consumption prediction information may be generated based on, for example, the past power consumption actual value of the load 120. Alternatively, the energy consumption prediction information may be a model of power consumption of the load 120.

  Or various servers store the information (henceforth PV power generation amount prediction information) for predicting the power generation amount of PV131, for example. The PV power generation prediction information may be a predicted value of the amount of solar radiation irradiated on the PV 131. Alternatively, the PV power generation prediction information may be weather forecast, season, sunshine time, and the like.

(Fuel cell device)
The fuel cell device according to the first embodiment will be described below. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the fuel cell device 150 according to the first embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the fuel cell device 150 includes a fuel cell 151, a PCS 152, a blower 153, a desulfurizer 154, an ignition heater 155, and a control board 156.

  As described above, the fuel cell 151 is a device that outputs power using fuel gas. Specifically, the fuel cell 151 includes a reformer 151A and a cell stack 151B.

  The reformer 151A generates reformed gas from the fuel gas from which the odorant has been removed by the desulfurizer 154 described later. The reformed gas is a gas composed of hydrogen and carbon monoxide.

  The cell stack 151B generates power by a chemical reaction between air (oxygen) supplied from a blower 153, which will be described later, and the reformed gas. Specifically, the cell stack 151B has a structure in which a plurality of cells are stacked. Each cell has a structure in which an electrolyte is sandwiched between a fuel electrode and an air electrode. Reformed gas (hydrogen) is supplied to the fuel electrode, and air (oxygen) is supplied to the air electrode. A chemical reaction of the reformed gas (hydrogen) and air (oxygen) occurs in the electrolyte to generate electric power (DC electric power) and heat.

  As described above, the PCS 152 is a device that converts DC power output from the fuel cell 151 into AC power.

  The blower 153 supplies air to the fuel cell 151 (cell stack 151B). The blower 153 is configured by a fan, for example.

  The desulfurizer 154 removes the odorant contained in the fuel gas supplied from the outside. The fuel gas may be city gas or propane gas.

  The ignition heater 155 is a heater that ignites a fuel that has not chemically reacted in the cell stack 151B (hereinafter, unreacted fuel) and maintains the temperature of the cell stack 151B at a high temperature. That is, the ignition heater 155 ignites unreacted fuel leaking from the opening of each cell constituting the cell stack 151B. It should be noted that the ignition heater 155 may ignite the unreacted fuel in a case where the unreacted fuel is not combusted (for example, when the fuel cell device 150 is activated). Once ignited, thereafter, the unreacted fuel that overflows little by little from the cell stack 151B continues to burn, so that the temperature of the cell stack 151B is maintained at a high temperature.

  The control board 156 is a board on which a circuit for controlling the fuel cell 151, the PCS 152, the blower 153, the desulfurizer 154, the ignition heater 155, and the control board 156 is mounted.

  In the first embodiment, the cell stack 151B is an example of a power generation unit that generates power by a chemical reaction. The reformer 151A, the blower 153, the desulfurizer 154, the ignition heater 155, and the control board 156 are examples of auxiliary devices that assist the operation of the cell stack 151B. Further, a part of the PCS 152 may be handled as an auxiliary device.

  In the first embodiment, a power generation mode, an idling mode, and a temperature maintenance mode are provided as operation modes of the fuel cell device 150.

  The power generation mode is an operation mode (load following control) in which the power output from the fuel cell 151 (cell stack 151B) is controlled so as to follow the power consumption of the load 120 connected to the fuel cell device 150. Specifically, in the power generation mode, the power output from the fuel cell 151 is controlled so that the current value detected by the ammeter 180 becomes the target received power. Here, since the fuel cell device 150 is provided downstream of the ammeter 180, it should be noted that the power consumption of the auxiliary device is covered by the power output from the fuel cell 151.

  Here, the temperature of the cell stack 151B in the power generation mode is maintained at a power generation temperature of 650 to 1000 ° C. (about 700 ° C.) by chemical reaction and combustion of unreacted gas. Such a power generation temperature is a temperature range in which a chemical reaction occurs positively if the reformed gas (hydrogen) and air (oxygen) are obtained.

  Incidentally, the fuel cell device 150 can be completely stopped. For example, it may be completely stopped when it is not used for a long time. However, when it is completely stopped, the auxiliary devices are also stopped and the temperature of the fuel cell 151 (cell stack 151B) becomes low, so that it takes a long time to rise to a temperature that can generate power. Therefore, it should be noted that the load followability is low. For this reason, in the first embodiment, in order to avoid a complete stop as much as possible, an idling mode and a temperature maintenance mode are provided in the operation mode.

  The idling mode is an operation mode in which the power consumed by the auxiliary device is covered by the power output from the fuel cell 151 (cell stack 151B). However, it should be noted that in the idling mode, the power consumption of the load 120 is not covered by the power output from the fuel cell 151.

  Here, the temperature of the cell stack 151B in the idling mode is maintained at the same power generation temperature (for example, about 700 ° C.) as that in the power generation mode due to the chemical reaction and the combustion of the unreacted gas. That is, the temperature of the cell stack 151B in the idling mode is a temperature range in which a chemical reaction is positively generated if the reformed gas (hydrogen) and air (oxygen) are obtained, as in the power generation mode. The idling mode is an operation mode applied when a power failure occurs, for example.

  The temperature maintenance mode is an operation mode in which the power consumption of the auxiliary device is covered by power supplied from the outside and the cell stack 151B is maintained in a predetermined temperature range. In the temperature maintenance mode, the power consumption of the auxiliary device may be covered by power supplied from the grid or may be supplied by power supplied from the PV 131 or the storage battery 141. In the temperature maintenance mode, the power output from the fuel cell 151 (cell stack 151B) is at least smaller than the power consumption of the auxiliary device, and is slightly less than that for operating the auxiliary device as in the idling mode. For example, power is not output from the fuel cell 151 (cell stack 151B) in the temperature maintenance mode.

  Here, the temperature of the cell stack 151B in the temperature maintenance mode is mainly maintained by the combustion of the unreacted gas. In addition, the temperature of the cell stack 151B in the temperature maintenance mode is lower than the temperature of the cell stack 151B in the power generation mode. Similarly, the temperature of the cell stack 151B in the temperature maintenance mode is lower than the temperature of the cell stack 151B in the idling mode. However, due to the combustion of the unreacted gas, the temperature of the cell stack 151B in the temperature maintenance mode is maintained at a certain high temperature (predetermined temperature range).

  In the first embodiment, the predetermined temperature range is slightly lower than the power generation temperature, for example, about 450 ° C. to 600 ° C. Even if the reformed gas (hydrogen) and air (oxygen) are obtained, a sufficient chemical reaction is achieved. This is a temperature range where it is difficult for When the temperature of the cell stack 151B is within a predetermined temperature range, the reaction speed of the chemical reaction is insufficient, so that the voltage output from the fuel cell 151 (cell stack 151B) is lower than the rated voltage (200V). In the temperature maintenance mode, no chemical reaction may occur or some chemical reaction may occur. However, since the predetermined temperature range is maintained at a temperature that is clearly higher than room temperature, even when it is necessary to generate power, a chemical reaction is actively generated compared to a state where the power supply is completely stopped. The time required to reach the temperature to be achieved is short, and the time required to output the required power is shortened (load followability is high).

  Further, the amount of fuel gas supplied to the fuel cell device 150 in the temperature maintenance mode is smaller than the amount of fuel gas supplied to the fuel cell device 150 in the power generation mode.

(Network configuration)
In the following, a network configuration according to the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a network configuration according to the first embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the network includes a load 120, a PV device 130, a storage battery device 140, a fuel cell device 150, a hot water storage device 160, an EMS 200, and a user terminal 300. The user terminal 300 includes a user terminal 310 and a user terminal 320.

  The user terminal 310 is connected to the EMS 200, and information for visualizing the energy consumption of each device (load 120, PV device 130, storage battery device 140, fuel cell device 150, hot water storage device 160) (hereinafter, visualization information). Is displayed by a web browser. In such a case, the EMS 200 generates visualization information in a format such as HTML, and transmits the generated visualization information to the user terminal 310. The connection format between the user terminal 310 and the EMS 200 may be wired or wireless.

  The user terminal 320 is connected to the EMS 200 and displays visualization information by an application. In such a case, the EMS 200 transmits information indicating the energy consumption of each device to the user terminal 320. The application of the user terminal 320 generates visualization information based on information received from the EMS 200 and displays the generated visualization information. The connection format between the user terminal 320 and the EMS 200 may be wired or wireless.

  As described above, in the first embodiment, the fuel cell device 150 and the hot water storage device 160 constitute the hot water supply unit 170. Therefore, the hot water storage device 160 may not have a function of communicating with the EMS 200. In such a case, the fuel cell device 150 performs communication of messages regarding the hot water storage device 160 with the EMS 200 on behalf of the hot water storage device 160.

  In the first embodiment, communication between the EMS 200 and each device (the load 120, the PV device 130, the storage battery device 140, the fuel cell device 150, and the hot water storage device 160) is performed by a method according to a predetermined protocol. Examples of the predetermined protocol include a protocol called “ECHONET Lite” or “ECHONET”. However, the embodiment is not limited to this, and the predetermined protocol may be a protocol other than “ECHONET Lite” or “ECHONET”.

(Configuration of EMS)
Hereinafter, the EMS according to the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the EMS 200 according to the first embodiment.

  As illustrated in FIG. 5, the EMS 200 includes a reception unit 210, a transmission unit 220, and a control unit 230.

  The receiving unit 210 receives various signals from a device connected via a signal line. For example, the receiving unit 210 may receive information indicating the power generation amount of the PV 131 from the PV device 130. The receiving unit 210 may receive information indicating the storage amount of the storage battery 141 from the storage battery device 140. The receiving unit 210 may receive information indicating the power generation amount of the fuel cell 151 from the fuel cell device 150. The receiving unit 210 may receive information indicating the amount of hot water stored in the hot water storage device 160 from the hot water storage device 160.

  In the first embodiment, the reception unit 210 may receive energy charge information, energy consumption prediction information, and PV power generation amount prediction information from various servers via the network 60. However, the energy fee information, the energy consumption prediction information, and the PV power generation amount prediction information may be stored in the EMS 200 in advance.

  In the first embodiment, the reception unit 210 receives a message indicating the fuel usage amount of the fuel cell device 150, a message indicating the fuel usage amount of the hot water storage device 160, or the fuel usage amount of the fuel cell device 150 and the fuel of the hot water storage device 160. A message indicating the total amount of usage is received from hot water supply unit 170 (in the embodiment, control board 156 of fuel cell device 150). In other words, the control board 156 of the fuel cell device 150 constitutes a transmission unit that transmits the above-described message.

  Here, the message indicating the fuel usage of the fuel cell device 150 and the message indicating the fuel usage of the hot water storage device 160 are defined in different formats. The message indicating the fuel usage amount of the fuel cell device 150 and the message indicating the fuel usage amount of the hot water storage device 160 are a message indicating the sum of the fuel usage amount of the fuel cell device 150 and the fuel usage amount of the hot water storage device 160. Defined separately.

  In the first embodiment, the reception unit 210 receives a message indicating the amount of fuel used by the fuel cell device 150 and a message indicating the amount of fuel used by the fuel cell device 150 prior to receiving a message indicating the amount of fuel used by the fuel cell device 150 and a message indicating the amount of fuel used by the hot water storage device 160. And the message which shows the presence or absence of the function which transmits the message which shows the fuel usage-amount of the hot water storage apparatus 160 is received from the hot water supply unit 170. FIG.

  For example, when the reception unit 210 has a function of transmitting a message indicating the amount of fuel used by the fuel cell device 150 and a message indicating the amount of fuel used by the hot water storage device 160, the receiving unit 210 indicates the amount of fuel used by the fuel cell device 150. And a message indicating the fuel usage of the hot water storage device 160 are received in different formats. On the other hand, when the reception unit 210 is not provided with a function of transmitting a message indicating the fuel usage amount of the fuel cell device 150 and a message indicating the fuel usage amount of the hot water storage device 160, the fuel usage amount of the fuel cell device 150 is provided. And the message which shows the total value of the fuel usage-amount of the hot water storage apparatus 160 is received.

  In 1st Embodiment, although the receiving part 210 receives the message mentioned above from the hot water supply unit 170, embodiment is not limited to this. For example, the receiving unit 210 may receive a message indicating the amount of fuel used by the fuel cell device 150 from the fuel cell device 150, and may receive a message indicating the amount of fuel used by the hot water storage device 160 from the hot water storage device 160. Alternatively, the reception unit 210 may receive the above-described message from either one of the fuel cell device 150 and the hot water storage device 160.

  The transmission unit 220 transmits various signals to a device connected via a signal line. For example, the transmission part 220 transmits the signal for controlling the PV apparatus 130, the storage battery apparatus 140, the fuel cell apparatus 150, and the hot water storage apparatus 160 to each apparatus. The transmission unit 220 transmits a control signal for controlling the load 120 to the load 120.

  In the first embodiment, the transmission unit 220 transmits a message indicating the fuel usage amount of the fuel cell device 150, a message indicating the fuel usage amount of the hot water storage device 160, or the fuel usage amount of the fuel cell device 150 and the fuel of the hot water storage device 160. A message requesting a message indicating the total amount of usage is transmitted to hot water supply unit 170 (in the embodiment, control board 156 of fuel cell device 150).

  In the first embodiment, the transmission unit 220 receives the message indicating the fuel usage amount of the fuel cell device 150 and the message indicating the fuel usage amount of the fuel cell device 150 prior to receiving the message indicating the fuel usage amount of the hot water storage device 160. And the message which requests | requires the message which shows the presence or absence of the function which transmits the message which shows the fuel usage-amount of the hot water storage apparatus 160 is transmitted to the hot water supply unit 170. FIG.

  The control unit 230 controls the load 120, the PV device 130, the storage battery device 140, the fuel cell device 150, and the hot water storage device 160.

  In the first embodiment, the control unit 230 instructs the fuel cell device 150 about the operation mode of the fuel cell device 150. In the first embodiment, the operation modes of the fuel cell device 150 include the power generation mode (load following control), the idling mode, and the temperature maintenance mode as described above.

  When the power output from the fuel cell 151 (cell stack 151B) exceeds a predetermined threshold, the control unit 230 controls the fuel cell device 150 to operate in the power generation mode. On the other hand, the control unit 230 controls the fuel cell device 150 to operate in the temperature maintenance mode, for example, when the power output from the fuel cell 151 (cell stack 151B) is below a predetermined threshold. In addition, for example, when a power failure occurs, the control unit 230 controls the fuel cell device 150 to operate in the idling mode.

(Message format)
The message format according to the first embodiment will be described below. 6 and 7 are diagrams illustrating an example of a message format according to the first embodiment.

  For example, a message indicating the fuel usage of the fuel cell device 150, a message indicating the fuel usage of the hot water storage device 160, and a message indicating the sum of the fuel usage of the fuel cell device 150 and the fuel usage of the hot water storage device 160 are: The format shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 6, the message has a message type field and a fuel consumption field.

  The message type field indicates the type of message. In the first embodiment, the message indicates that the message includes the amount of fuel used. The message type field is common to each message.

  The field of fuel usage indicates the amount of fuel used. In the case shown in FIG. 6, the fuel usage amount of the fuel cell device 150, the fuel usage amount of the hot water storage device 160, and the sum of the fuel usage amount of the fuel cell device 150 and the fuel usage amount of the hot water storage device 160 are different from each other in the code space. It is expressed using. Therefore, the EMS 200 may identify which of the fuel usage amount of the fuel cell device 150, the fuel usage amount of the hot water storage device 160, and the total value is included in the message by referring to the code space of the fuel usage amount field. it can.

  Alternatively, a message indicating the fuel usage amount of the fuel cell device 150, a message indicating the fuel usage amount of the hot water storage device 160, and a message indicating the sum of the fuel usage amount of the fuel cell device 150 and the fuel usage amount of the hot water storage device 160 are: The format shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, the message includes a field for classifying the device, a field for the message type, and a field for the fuel usage.

  The field for classifying the device indicates which of the fuel usage amount of the fuel cell device 150, the fuel usage amount of the hot water storage device 160, and the total value is included in the message.

  The message type field indicates the type of message. In the first embodiment, the message indicates that the message includes the amount of fuel used. The message type field is common to each message.

  The field of fuel usage indicates the amount of fuel used. In the case shown in FIG. 7, the code space of the fuel usage field is common to each message.

(Management method)
Hereinafter, a management method according to the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 8 is a sequence diagram illustrating the management method according to the first embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 8, in step 10, EMS 200 transmits a message requesting a code group corresponding to hot water supply unit 170 (code group request) to hot water supply unit 170. The code group request is an example of a message requesting a message indicating the presence / absence of a function of transmitting a message indicating the fuel usage of the fuel cell device 150 and a message indicating the fuel usage of the hot water storage device 160.

  In step 20, hot water supply unit 170 transmits a message (code group response) indicating a code group to which hot water supply unit 170 corresponds to EMS 200. The code group response is an example of a message indicating the presence / absence of a function that transmits a message indicating the amount of fuel used by the fuel cell device 150 and a message indicating the amount of fuel used by the hot water storage device 160.

  In step 30, the EMS 200 transmits a message requesting the amount of fuel used by the fuel cell device 150 (use amount request) to the hot water supply unit 170.

  In Step 40, the hot water supply unit 170 transmits a message (usage amount response) indicating the fuel usage amount of the fuel cell device 150 to the EMS 200.

  However, the processing of Step 30 and Step 40 is performed when the hot water supply unit 170 has a function of transmitting a message indicating the fuel usage amount of the fuel cell device 150 and a message indicating the fuel usage amount of the hot water storage device 160. .

  In step 50, EMS 200 transmits a message requesting the amount of fuel used by hot water storage device 160 (use amount request) to hot water supply unit 170.

  In step 60, the hot water supply unit 170 transmits a message (usage amount response) indicating the fuel usage amount of the hot water storage device 160 to the EMS 200.

  However, the processing of step 50 and step 60 is performed when the hot water supply unit 170 has a function of transmitting a message indicating the fuel usage amount of the fuel cell device 150 and a message indicating the fuel usage amount of the hot water storage device 160. .

  In step 70, the EMS 200 transmits a message (usage amount request) requesting the sum of the fuel usage amount of the fuel cell device 150 and the fuel usage amount of the hot water storage device 160 to the hot water supply unit 170.

  In step 80, the hot water supply unit 170 transmits a message (use amount response) indicating the sum of the fuel usage amount of the fuel cell device 150 and the fuel usage amount of the hot water storage device 160 to the EMS 200.

  However, the processing of Step 70 and Step 80 is performed when the hot water supply unit 170 does not have a function of transmitting a message indicating the fuel usage amount of the fuel cell device 150 and a message indicating the fuel usage amount of the hot water storage device 160. It is preferable. However, the processing of Step 70 and Step 80 may be performed when the hot water supply unit 170 has a function of transmitting a message indicating the fuel usage amount of the fuel cell device 150 and a message indicating the fuel usage amount of the hot water storage device 160. .

  Alternatively, the EMS 200 transmits a single message to the hot water supply unit 170 to use the fuel usage of the fuel cell device 150, the fuel usage of the hot water storage device 160, and the fuel usage of the fuel cell device 150 and the fuel usage of the hot water storage device 160. You may request a sum of quantities.

  As described above, in the first embodiment, the message indicating the fuel usage amount of the fuel cell device 150 and the message indicating the fuel usage amount of the hot water storage device 160 are defined in different formats. Therefore, the EMS 200 can collect useful information in visualizing the energy consumption of the device. Further, in the control of the fuel cell device 150 and the hot water storage device 160, the EMS 200 can collect useful information.

[Other Embodiments]
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the above-described embodiments, it should not be understood that the descriptions and drawings constituting a part of this disclosure limit the present invention. From this disclosure, various alternative embodiments, examples and operational techniques will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

  For example, the system is operated in the idling mode during a system power failure. However, if there is a power demand at the load, not only the power supply for the auxiliary device is performed by the fuel cell 151 itself but also the fuel cell device 150 is connected. Alternatively, the self-sustained operation mode may be employed in which the output of the fuel cell 151 is increased so that the output power corresponding to the demand at the load is obtained. That is, the self-sustained operation mode and the idling mode are different in that whether or not the generated power is output externally, but are common in that the power supply to the auxiliary equipment is covered by self-power generation during a system power failure. For this reason, the two modes in which power is supplied to the auxiliary device by self-power generation during a system power failure may be referred to as a self-sufficiency mode for convenience.

  Further, in the temperature maintenance mode, the power consumption of the auxiliary devices is covered by the power supply from the system, but it may be covered by the output of the PV device 130 or the storage battery device 140.

  In addition, although it has been described that the message indicating the fuel usage amount of the fuel cell device and the message indicating the fuel usage amount of the hot water storage device are defined in different formats, other information may be further added thereto. That is, for example, a field that can define information on the type of the fuel power generation device, such as that the type of the fuel power generation device is a fuel cell device, in particular, the SOFC system, may be set on the format. Furthermore, even if a field that can define the mode type such as the operation mode of the fuel power generation device (fuel cell) when the fuel is consumed, for example, the self-sustaining operation mode, the idling mode, the temperature maintenance mode, etc. is set on the format. Good.

  The EMS 200 may be a HEMS (Home Energy Management System), a SEMS (Store Energy Management System), a BEMS (Building Energy Management System), or an FEM. There may be.

  In the embodiment, the customer 10 includes a load 120, a PV device 130, a storage battery device 140, a fuel cell device 150, and a hot water storage device 160. However, the consumer 10 should just have the fuel cell apparatus 150 and the hot water storage apparatus 160 at least.

  Although not particularly mentioned in the embodiment, the timing of initial setting of the hot water supply unit 170, the timing of recovery from a power failure, the timing of turning on the power of the hot water supply unit 170, the timing of turning on the power of the EMS 200, the setting of the hot water supply unit 170 It is preferable that transmission / reception of a code group request and a code group response is performed at a timing when it is necessary to check the code group.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Consumer, 20 ... CEMS, 30 ... Substation, 31 ... Distribution line, 40 ... Smart server, 50 ... Power plant, 51 ... Transmission line, 60 ... Network, 100 ... Energy management system, 110 ... Distribution board, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 120 ... Load, 130 ... PV unit, 131 ... PV, 132 ... PCS, 140 ... Storage battery unit, 141 ... Storage battery, 142 ... PCS, 150 ... Fuel cell unit, 151 ... Fuel cell, 151A ... Reformer, 151B ... Cell Stack, 152 ... PCS, 153 ... Blower, 154 ... Desulfurizer, 155 ... Ignition heater, 156 ... Control board, 160 ... Hot water storage unit, 170 ... Hot water supply unit, 180 ... Ammeter, 200 ... EMS, 210 ... Receiver, 220 ... Transmission unit, 230 ... Control unit, 300, 310, 320 ... User terminal

Claims (8)

In a power management system in which messages are communicated according to a predetermined protocol between a fuel cell device and a power control device,
The power control apparatus receives, from the fuel cell apparatus, a first message indicating whether or not there is a function of transmitting a third message including an information element indicating a fuel usage amount of the fuel cell apparatus as the message.
In response to the first message, the power control device transmits, as the message, a second message requesting a fuel usage amount of the fuel cell device to the fuel cell device,
The power control system receives the third message returned from the fuel cell device as the message in response to the second message.   The power management system of Claim 1 provided with the hot water storage apparatus which stores hot water using the waste heat of the said fuel cell apparatus.   The power management system according to claim 2, wherein the fuel cell device constitutes at least a part of a hot water supply unit together with the hot water storage device. The power control device receives the first message from the hot water supply unit,
The power control device transmits the second message to the hot water supply unit,
The power management system according to claim 3, wherein the power control device receives the third message from the hot water supply unit.   The power management system according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the first message includes an information element indicating a fuel usage amount of the hot water storage device. A power management method in which communication of a message according to a predetermined protocol is performed between a fuel cell device and a power control device,
The power control device receiving, as the message, a first message indicating whether or not there is a function of transmitting a third message including an information element indicating a fuel usage amount of the fuel cell device from the fuel cell device;
The power control device, in response to the first message, sending a second message requesting a fuel usage amount of the fuel cell device to the fuel cell device as the message;
And a step of receiving, from the fuel cell apparatus, the third message returned as the message in response to the second message. A power control device that communicates messages with a fuel cell device according to a predetermined protocol,
A receiver that receives from the fuel cell device a first message indicating the presence or absence of a function of transmitting a third message including an information element indicating the amount of fuel used by the fuel cell device as the message;
A transmission unit that transmits, as the message, a second message requesting a fuel usage amount of the fuel cell device to the fuel cell device in response to the first message;
The power receiving apparatus, wherein the receiving unit receives, as the message, the third message returned in response to the second message from the fuel cell apparatus. A fuel cell device that communicates messages with a power control device according to a predetermined protocol,
A transmitter that transmits, as the message, a first message indicating the presence or absence of a function of transmitting a third message including an information element indicating the amount of fuel used by the fuel cell device to the power control device;
A receiver that receives from the power control device a second message that requests the amount of fuel used by the fuel cell device as the message transmitted in response to the first message;
The said transmission part is a fuel cell apparatus which transmits a said 3rd message to the said electric power control apparatus as a said message according to a said 2nd message.

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