JP6376277B2 - Reaction state measuring device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a reaction state measuring apparatus.

  Conventionally, the reaction state of a photochemical reaction has been measured. For example, by dividing the number of molecules generated or decomposed by the photochemical reaction by the number of photons absorbed by the reaction, the quantum yield is obtained and used as an indicator of the reaction state of the photochemical reaction.

  As a photochemical reaction, a so-called artificial photosynthesis technique has been developed in which sunlight energy is converted into chemical energy using a photocatalyst. In order to improve the conversion efficiency of artificial photosynthesis, it is required to improve the activity of the photocatalyst.

  The activity of the photocatalyst is proportional to the product of the quantum yield of the photochemical reaction and the light absorption efficiency of the photocatalyst. Therefore, by improving the quantum yield of the photochemical reaction or the light absorption efficiency of the photocatalyst, the activity of the photocatalyst can be improved and the conversion efficiency of artificial photosynthesis can be increased.

  As a method for improving the quantum yield of the photochemical reaction, for example, reducing material defects in the photocatalyst or suppressing recombination of electron-hole pairs generated by photoexcitation to increase the lifetime of the charge separation state of the photocatalyst Sometimes.

  Further, as a method for improving the light absorption efficiency of the photocatalyst, for example, finding a new material of the photocatalyst or expanding the absorption wavelength region by band gap engineering for the existing photocatalyst material has been studied.

  As described above, since the quantum yield and the light absorption efficiency each depend on different physical properties of the photocatalyst, it is desirable to evaluate them individually and improve each value.

  However, in practice, the “apparent quantum yield” that combines the quantum yield and the light absorption efficiency is often evaluated. This is because it is difficult to measure the number of absorbed photons, which is the denominator of “(number of molecules generated or decomposed by photochemical reaction) / (number of absorbed photons absorbed in the reaction system)”, which is the definition of quantum yield. This is because the number of photons irradiated to the reaction system is used as the number of absorbed photons.

  In principle, the number of absorbed photons absorbed by the reaction system is derived from the number of photons irradiated to the reaction system, that is, the number of incident photons incident on the reaction system, and the number of leaked photons leaking from the reaction system, that is, from the reaction system. It is obtained by reducing the number of emitted photons. Here, the measurement of the number of incident photons incident on the reaction system is relatively easy.

  Measuring the number of leaked photons leaking from the reaction system is relatively easy when the reaction system is a transparent solution with little light scattering. Specifically, the number of leaked photons is obtained by measuring the number of transmitted photons that have passed through the solution.

  On the other hand, when the reaction system is a suspension solution with much light scattering, it is not easy to measure the number of leaked photons leaking from the reaction system. In general, the photocatalyst is measured in the form of a powder or a thin film in a photochemical reaction. The photocatalytic particles dispersed in the suspension solution scatter light. The surface of the photocatalytic thin film also scatters light. It is not easy to accurately measure scattered light that diffuses from the reaction system to the surroundings.

JP 2012-202833 A JP 2002-048699 A

Lizhong Sun, et. al. , Journal of Physical Chemistry, 100, 4127-4134 (1996). A. V. Emline, et. al. , Journal of Physical Chemistry, 110, 7409-7413 (2006).

  An integrating sphere may be used as a method for measuring scattered light diffused from the reaction system to the surroundings. The integrating sphere, which is a hollow sphere, has an inner surface that diffuses and reflects light uniformly with high reflectivity. Light is incident on the integrating sphere from the outside through the opening. The opening has a negligible area relative to the surface area of the inner surface of the sphere. Light is diffusely reflected many times on the inner surface of the sphere. Finally, the inner surface of the sphere is illuminated with a uniform light intensity proportional to the intensity of the incident light. By measuring the light intensity, the number of photons of the incident light can be obtained. Integrating spheres have been used to measure inorganic or organic light emitting diodes, or photoexcited luminescence or fluorescence quantum yields.

  For example, it has been proposed to irradiate light to a suspended solution in which titania powder, which is a photocatalyst, is dispersed, and to measure the quantum yield of hydroxyl radical formation reaction using an integrating sphere. In this example, the thickness of the container containing the suspension solution is reduced so that the leaked light leaking from the side surface of the container can be ignored. Further, the front surface of the container that leaks light is brought into close contact with the integrating sphere, the rear surface of the container is brought into close contact with the reflecting plate that reflects light toward the container side, and leakage light leaking from each of the front and rear surfaces of the container is Measure with an integrating sphere. In this way, the number of leaked photons leaking from the reaction system is accurately measured.

  It has also been proposed to measure the quantum yield of a reaction system that is a suspension solution of a photocatalyst without using an integrating sphere by using a “black body reactor”. In this example, an optical element having a structure in which light incident on the reaction system from the light source does not return to the light source is used. This optical element is immersed in the suspension solution, and light is irradiated outward from the inside of the suspension solution. The powder concentration of the suspension solution is sufficiently high so that the light in the suspension solution is absorbed by the suspension solution and the light does not leak to the outside. Therefore, the number of incident photons of light incident on the reaction system is regarded as the number of absorbed photons absorbed by the reaction system. In addition, the reaction container that accommodates the suspension solution may be sufficiently large so that the light in the suspension solution is absorbed by the suspension solution and the light does not leak to the outside. In this way, the number of absorbed photons absorbed in the reaction system is accurately measured.

  Furthermore, it has been proposed to measure the quantum yield of the reaction system based on the idea opposite to the example using the “black body reactor”. In this example, the powder concentration of the suspension solution of photocatalyst is sufficiently low so that light scattering by the photocatalyst particles can be ignored, and the number of incident photons of light incident on the reaction system and the suspension solution are transmitted. The difference from the number of transmitted photons is regarded as the number of absorbed photons absorbed by the reaction system. In this way, the number of absorbed photons absorbed in the reaction system is accurately measured.

  Examples of measuring the quantum yield of the reaction system described above include an artificial photosynthesis reaction system using a suspension solution of a photocatalyst, a reaction system using a thin film catalyst, a reaction system that decomposes pollutants using a photocatalyst, or The present invention can also be applied to a reaction system of a photochemical reaction in a suspension solution such as an emulsion.

  In the method of measuring the quantum yield of the reaction system using an integrating sphere, the reaction vessel that contains the suspension solution is usually placed in the integrating sphere, and the leaked light leaking from the reaction vessel is measured. It is not easy to place the reaction vessel inside the integrating sphere. Moreover, it is difficult to stir the suspension solution in the reaction vessel disposed in the integrating sphere. Furthermore, it is difficult to measure in real time the reactants or products in the photochemical reaction in the reaction vessel disposed in the integrating sphere.

  In other methods for measuring quantum yield, there are limitations on the powder concentration of the suspension solution of the photocatalyst or limitations on the dimensions of the reaction vessel.

  It is an object of the present specification to provide a reaction state measuring apparatus that easily measures the amount of light absorbed by a photochemical reaction system and obtains the utilization efficiency of absorbed light absorbed by the reaction.

  According to one aspect of the reaction state measuring device disclosed in the present specification, a reaction container, a light irradiation unit that irradiates the reaction container with light that can be transmitted through the reaction container, and the reaction container are surrounded. A light absorbing part that is disposed and absorbs light that has passed through the reaction container from the inside to the outside of the reaction container; and a light absorbing part that is disposed outside the reaction container, and the light irradiation part irradiates light into the reaction container. A plurality of optical sensors for detecting light transmitted through the reaction vessel from the inside of the reaction vessel to the outside in one direction and a second direction different from the first direction, and measuring a reaction state in the reaction vessel The reaction state measuring unit, the irradiation light amount measuring unit for measuring the irradiation light amount irradiated into the reaction container by the light irradiation unit, and the signal output from the plurality of photosensors from the inside of the reaction container to the outside Through the reaction vessel, Based on the leakage light quantity measurement unit that measures the leakage light quantity leaked from the reaction container, the difference between the irradiation light quantity and the leakage light quantity, and the reaction state in the reaction container measured by the reaction state measurement part A reaction state calculation unit that calculates the utilization efficiency of the absorbed light absorbed in step (b).

  According to another aspect of the reaction state measuring device disclosed in the present specification, a reaction container having a plurality of through holes, and a light irradiation unit that irradiates the reaction container with light that can be absorbed by the reaction container. And from the inside of the reaction container to the outside in a first direction in which the light irradiation unit irradiates light into the reaction container and a second direction different from the first direction. A plurality of optical sensors that detect light that has passed through the plurality of through holes, a reaction state measurement unit that measures a reaction state in the reaction container, and an amount of light irradiated by the light irradiation unit in the reaction container. Based on signals output from the irradiation light quantity measuring unit to be measured and the plurality of optical sensors, the amount of light leaked from the reaction container through the plurality of through holes from the inside of the reaction container to the outside is measured. Leakage light quantity measurement unit and the above irradiation light quantity Comprises a difference between the leakage light amount, based on the reaction conditions of the above reaction condition measuring unit the reaction vessel was measured, and the reaction condition calculating unit that calculates a use efficiency of the absorbed absorbed light in the reaction, the.

  According to one aspect or the other aspect of the reaction state measuring device disclosed in the present specification described above, the amount of absorbed light absorbed by the photochemical reaction system is easily measured, and the utilization efficiency of the absorbed light absorbed by the reaction is improved. can get.

  The objects and advantages of the invention will be realized and obtained by means of the elements and combinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

  Both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory and are not restrictive of the invention as claimed.

It is a figure showing a reaction state measuring device of a 1st embodiment indicated in this specification. It is a figure which shows the principal part of the reaction state measuring device of 2nd Embodiment disclosed in this specification. It is FIG. (The 1) which shows the principal part of the reaction state measuring device of 3rd Embodiment disclosed in this specification. It is FIG. (The 2) which shows the principal part of the reaction state measuring apparatus of 3rd Embodiment disclosed in this specification. It is FIG. (The 3) which shows the principal part of the reaction state measuring apparatus of 3rd Embodiment disclosed in this specification. It is a figure which shows arrangement | positioning of the optical sensor of the reaction state measuring apparatus of 3rd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the principal part of the reaction state measuring device of 4th Embodiment disclosed by this specification. It is a figure which shows the principal part of the reaction state measuring device of 5th Embodiment disclosed in this specification. It is a figure which shows the principal part of the reaction state measuring apparatus of 6th Embodiment disclosed by this specification. It is a figure which shows the modification 1 of the reaction state measuring apparatus disclosed in this specification. It is a figure which shows the modification 2 of the reaction state measuring apparatus disclosed in this specification. It is a figure which shows the modification 3 of the reaction state measuring apparatus disclosed in this specification.

  Hereinafter, a preferred first embodiment of a reaction state measuring apparatus disclosed in the present specification will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, but extends to the invention described in the claims and equivalents thereof.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a reaction state measurement apparatus according to a first embodiment disclosed in this specification.

  The reaction state measuring apparatus 10 (hereinafter also simply referred to as the apparatus 10) of the present embodiment includes an absorbed light amount (for example, the number of absorbed photons) that is a light amount absorbed by the photochemical reaction system in the reaction vessel 11, and a reaction vessel 11 in the reaction vessel 11. Based on the reaction state (for example, the amount of the reaction product or product), the utilization efficiency (for example, quantum yield) of the absorbed light absorbed by the reaction is calculated.

  Specifically, the apparatus 10 irradiates the reaction solution R, which is a suspension solution in which the photocatalyst powder is dispersed in water, with excitation light that excites electrons in the photocatalyst, and uses the catalytic action of the photocatalyst. Decompose water. Further, the apparatus 10 measures the number of absorbed photons absorbed in the water decomposition reaction, and calculates the quantum yield of the water decomposition reaction based on the number of absorbed photons and the number of molecules of the product generated by the decomposition. To do.

  The apparatus 10 includes a reaction vessel 11, a light irradiation unit 12, a light absorption unit 13, a plurality of optical sensors 14, a reaction state measurement unit 15, an irradiation photon number measurement unit 16 as an irradiation light amount measurement unit, and leakage. A leakage photon number measuring unit 17 as a light amount measuring unit and a reaction state calculating unit 18 are provided.

  The reaction vessel 11 accommodates the reaction solution R. The shape of the reaction vessel 11 preferably has symmetry. The reaction vessel 11 of this embodiment has a hollow sphere shape. The reaction vessel 11 having a spherical shape has axial symmetry with respect to a symmetry axis S passing through the center of the sphere and plane symmetry with respect to a symmetry plane passing through the symmetry axis S. Based on the symmetry of the reaction vessel 11, the inside of the reaction vessel 11 can be divided into a plurality of regions in which the light amount distribution (for example, light intensity distribution or light energy distribution) is equivalent.

  As a material for forming the reaction vessel 11, for example, quartz, synthetic quartz, or the like can be used.

  In the reaction vessel 11, electrons in the photocatalyst irradiated with the excitation light L are excited by the light irradiation unit 12, and by the catalytic action of the photocatalyst, water molecules as reactants are converted into oxygen molecules and hydrogen molecules as products. Decomposition reaction that decomposes into

  The reaction vessel 11 is connected to the reaction state measurement unit 15 via the connection unit 15a. The product generated by the photochemical reaction moves to the reaction state measurement unit 15 through the connection unit 15a.

  The light irradiation unit 12 irradiates the reaction vessel 11 with excitation light L that can pass through the reaction vessel 11. Excitation light L output from the light irradiation unit 12 passes through the reaction vessel 11 and irradiates the particles of the photocatalyst dispersed in the reaction solution R to excite electrons in the photocatalyst. The excitation light L scattered by the photocatalyst particles diffuses into the reaction solution R. From the viewpoint of obtaining the symmetry of the excitation light L in the reaction vessel 11, the light irradiation unit 12 is directed toward the center of the reaction vessel 11 along the symmetry axis S passing through the center of the spherical reaction vessel 11. Is preferably irradiated into the reaction vessel 11.

  The light irradiation unit 12 includes a beam splitter 12 a for sampling a part of the excitation light L irradiated toward the reaction container 11. The beam splitter 12a reflects a part of the excitation light L output from the light irradiation unit 12 toward the optical sensor 16a. The optical sensor 16a detects the light intensity of the received excitation light, and outputs the detected light intensity to the irradiation photon number measuring unit 16 via the signal line 16b.

  The irradiation photon number measurement unit 16 measures the number of irradiation photons irradiated to the reaction container 11 by the light irradiation unit 12 based on the light intensity output from the optical sensor 16a.

  Further, the irradiation photon number measuring unit 16 may measure irradiation light energy that is the total energy of light irradiated to the reaction vessel 11. In the present specification, the light amount includes the number of photons and light energy. The irradiation photon number measurement unit 16 may measure the amount of light irradiated by the light irradiation unit 12 into the reaction container 11.

  The light absorption unit 13 is disposed so as to surround the reaction vessel 11 and absorbs the excitation light L transmitted through the reaction vessel 11 from the inside of the reaction vessel 11 to the outside. The light absorbing portion 13 has a spherical shape corresponding to the shape of the reaction vessel 11 having a spherical shape. The light absorption part 13 has an opening part in the part through which the excitation light L irradiated by the light irradiation part 12 passes and the part where the connecting part 15 a extends toward the reaction state measurement part 15. The material for forming the light absorbing portion 13 is appropriately selected according to the wavelength of the excitation light. For example, carbon can be used as a material for forming the light absorbing portion 13.

  Part of the excitation light L irradiated from the light irradiation unit 12 toward the center of the reaction vessel 11 proceeds in the incident direction in which the light irradiation unit 12 irradiates the excitation light L into the reaction vessel 11, and the reaction vessel 11. Permeate the wall of the reaction vessel 11 from the inside to the outside. The excitation light L that has passed through the wall surface of the reaction vessel 11 is absorbed by the light absorption unit 13 and is prevented from being reflected to the reaction vessel 11.

  Further, part of the excitation light L irradiated from the light irradiation unit 12 toward the center of the reaction vessel 11 is scattered by the photocatalyst particles dispersed in the reaction solution R, and is different from the incident direction. Proceed in the direction. A part of the excitation light L scattered by the photocatalyst particles passes through the wall surface of the reaction vessel 11 from the inside of the reaction vessel 11 toward the outside. The excitation light L that has passed through the wall surface of the reaction vessel 11 is also absorbed by the light absorption unit 13 and is prevented from reflecting to the reaction vessel 11.

  As described above, since the reaction vessel 11 is surrounded by the light absorption unit 13, the excitation light L transmitted from the inside of the reaction vessel 11 to the outside is prevented from returning to the reaction vessel 11 again. The accuracy of the number measurement is increased.

  The plurality of optical sensors 14 are disposed outside the reaction vessel 11 and detect light transmitted through the reaction vessel 11 from the inside of the reaction vessel 11 toward the outside. The plurality of optical sensors 14 are disposed on the surface of the light absorbing unit 13 on the reaction container 11 side. The plurality of optical sensors 14 detect the light intensity of the light transmitted through the reaction container 11 from the inside of the reaction container 11 to the outside, and the detected light intensity is measured via the signal line 14a as the number of leaked photon number measurement unit 17. Output to. As the optical sensor 14, for example, a photodiode can be used.

  The leaked photon number measuring unit 17 measures the number of leaked photons leaked from the reaction container 11 based on the light intensity of light detected by the plurality of optical sensors 14.

  As described above, the reaction container 11 of the apparatus 10 has a plurality of regions in which the light intensity distribution inside the reaction container 11 is equivalent based on the symmetry of the reaction container 11. The plurality of photosensors 14 are disposed outside one region of the plurality of regions.

  Specifically, since the reaction vessel 11 has a spherical shape, by virtually cutting the reaction vessel 11 along one plane passing through the center of the reaction vessel 11, two plane-symmetrical hemispherical regions are obtained. It is done. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the reaction vessel 11 has an upper hemispherical region and a lower hemispherical region. In the apparatus 10, the plurality of optical sensors 14 are arranged outside the lower hemispherical region of the reaction vessel 11. The hemispherical region below the reaction vessel 11 is further divided into a plurality of small regions (not shown), and one optical sensor 14 is arranged for each small region. The light intensity detected by one optical sensor 14 represents the light intensity of light transmitted through this small region. In addition, the relative sensitivity of each of the plurality of optical sensors 14 is examined in advance.

  The leaked photon number measuring unit 17 inputs the light intensity from each of the plurality of optical sensors 14 and corrects the relative sensitivity of each optical sensor 14 with respect to the optical intensity from each optical sensor 14. The leaked photon number measuring unit 17 integrates the corrected light intensities from the respective optical sensors 14 to obtain the number of photons leaked from the reaction vessel 11.

  Normally, the light intensity distribution detected by each optical sensor 14 does not have an extreme peak or notch, and therefore the light intensity between the sensors is obtained using linear interpolation.

  Further, the leaked photon number measuring unit 17 may measure leaked light energy that is the total energy of light leaked from the reaction vessel 11. The leaked photon number measuring unit 17 may measure the amount of leaked light leaked from the reaction vessel 11.

  The plurality of optical sensors 14 are arranged outside the lower hemispherical region of the reaction vessel 11, but leak from the upper hemispherical region of the reaction vessel 11 using the symmetry of the shape of the reaction vessel 11. Light intensity is required. Specifically, the number of photons leaking from the upper hemisphere region of the reaction vessel 11 is considered to be the same as the number of photons leaking from the lower hemisphere region of the reaction vessel 11. Therefore, the leakage photon number measuring unit 17 doubles the number of photons leaking from the lower hemispherical region of the reaction vessel 11 to obtain the number of leaked photons leaking from the entire reaction vessel 11. The leaked photon number measuring unit 17 outputs the obtained leaked photon number to the irradiation photon number measuring unit 16.

  In the apparatus 10, the plurality of optical sensors 14 are disposed outside the lower hemispherical region of the two hemispherical regions having equivalent light intensity distributions as the light intensity distribution inside the reaction vessel 11. The sensor is not located outside the upper hemispherical region. Here, when a part of the light leaked from the reaction vessel 11 returns to the reaction vessel 11 again, the light intensity distribution inside the reaction vessel 11 changes locally, so that the light intensity in the upper hemisphere region is changed. There is a possibility that the distribution and the light intensity distribution in the lower hemispherical region are not equivalent. Therefore, in the apparatus 10, the light absorption unit 13 is disposed so as to surround the reaction container 11, and absorbs the excitation light L transmitted through the reaction container 11 from the inside of the reaction container 11 to the outside. The excitation light L transmitted from the inside of the reaction vessel 11 to the outside is prevented from returning to the reaction vessel 11 again. Therefore, it is guaranteed that the light intensity distribution in the upper hemisphere region is equivalent to the light intensity distribution in the lower hemisphere region.

  The irradiation photon number measurement unit 16 was absorbed in the reaction solution R, which is the difference between the number of irradiation photons irradiated by the light irradiation unit 12 into the reaction vessel 11 and the number of leaked photons input from the irradiation photon number measurement unit 16. The number of absorbed photons is output to the reaction state calculation unit 18.

  In the above description, the relative sensitivity of each optical sensor 14 is examined in advance, and each light intensity is corrected using the relative sensitivity. A different method may be used. For example, a calibration sample that does not absorb excitation light is accommodated in the reaction vessel 11, the calibration sample is irradiated with excitation light, a correction coefficient is determined based on the number of known incident photons and the number of leaked photons, The number of leaked photons leaked from the reaction vessel 11 may be obtained using the correction coefficient.

  The reaction state measurement unit 15 measures the reaction state in the reaction vessel R. In the reaction vessel R, the product generated from the reaction product moves to the reaction state measurement unit 15 through the connecting unit 15a. The reaction state measurement unit 15 measures the product and examines the reaction state in the reaction vessel R.

  In the apparatus 10, as the reaction state in the reaction vessel R, the reaction state measuring unit 15 measures the amount of hydrogen molecules and oxygen molecules generated by the decomposition of water molecules as reactants by a photochemical reaction. The amount of hydrogen molecules and oxygen molecules is measured using, for example, a gas chromatograph mass spectrometer. The reaction state measurement unit 15 outputs the amounts of hydrogen molecules and oxygen molecules as reaction states in the reaction vessel R to the reaction state calculation unit 18.

  The reaction state calculation unit 18 calculates the relationship between the number of absorbed photons input from the irradiation photon number measurement unit 16 and the reaction state in the reaction vessel 11 measured by the reaction state measurement unit 15. In the apparatus 10, the reaction state calculation unit 18 calculates the quantum yield of the photochemical reaction based on the number of absorbed photons input from the irradiation photon number measurement unit 16 and the amounts of hydrogen molecules and oxygen molecules.

  The reaction state calculation unit 18 includes a display unit 18a and a storage unit 18b. The reaction state calculation unit 18 stores the calculated quantum yield in the storage unit 18b and displays it on the display unit 18a.

  Further, the reaction state calculation unit 18 absorbs the absorbed light absorbed by the reaction based on the difference between the irradiation light amount and the leakage light amount (absorbed light amount) and the reaction state in the reaction container 11 measured by the reaction state measurement unit 15. You may make it calculate the utilization efficiency of.

  In this specification, the utilization efficiency of the absorbed light is the quantum yield or the total absorbed energy when using a broadband excitation light source such as a simulated solar light source and the total energy (free energy change) accumulated in the product. It is meant to include the ratio of

  According to the apparatus 10 of the present embodiment described above, the number of absorbed photons absorbed in the photochemical reaction system can be easily measured, and the quantum yield that is the utilization efficiency of the absorbed light absorbed by the reaction can be obtained.

  Moreover, according to the apparatus 10, the number of photosensors used for measurement can be reduced by arranging a plurality of photosensors 14 using the symmetry of the reaction vessel 11.

  Next, another embodiment of the reaction state measuring apparatus described above will be described below with reference to FIGS. For points that are not particularly described in the other embodiments, the description in detail regarding the first embodiment is applied as appropriate. Moreover, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same component.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a main part of the reaction state measurement apparatus according to the second embodiment disclosed in the present specification.

  The reaction state measuring apparatus 10 of the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment described above in the shape of the reaction vessel 11, the structure for irradiating the reaction vessel 11 with excitation light, and the like.

  The reaction vessel 11 of the apparatus 10 has a hollow cylindrical shape. The reaction vessel 11 has upper and lower bottom surfaces and side surfaces. The reaction vessel 11 having a cylindrical shape has rotational symmetry with respect to a symmetry axis S passing through the centers of the upper and lower circular bottom surfaces. The reaction vessel 11 having a cylindrical shape has axial symmetry with respect to the symmetry axis S and surface symmetry with respect to a symmetry plane passing through the symmetry axis S. Based on the symmetry of the reaction vessel 11, the inside of the reaction vessel 11 can be divided into a plurality of regions having an equivalent light intensity distribution.

  The reaction vessel 11 contains a reaction solution R which is a suspension solution in which photocatalyst powder is dispersed in water. The apparatus 10 irradiates the reaction solution R, which is a suspension solution in which the photocatalyst powder is dispersed in water, with excitation light that excites electrons in the photocatalyst, and decomposes water using the catalytic action of the photocatalyst. To do.

  The light absorption unit 13 is disposed so as to surround the reaction vessel 11 and absorbs the excitation light L transmitted through the reaction vessel 11 from the inside of the reaction vessel 11 to the outside. The light absorbing portion 13 has a cylindrical shape corresponding to the shape of the reaction vessel 11 having a cylindrical shape. The light absorption unit 13 has an opening at a portion where the connection unit 22 extends toward the reaction state measurement unit 15.

  The plurality of optical sensors 14 are disposed outside the reaction vessel 11 and detect light transmitted through the reaction vessel 11 from the inside of the reaction vessel 11 toward the outside. The plurality of optical sensors 14 are arranged so as to leak out to the surface of the light absorbing unit 13 on the reaction container 11 side.

  As described above, since the reaction vessel 11 has a cylindrical shape, it has rotational symmetry with respect to the symmetry axis S that is the central axis of the reaction vessel 11. Therefore, the plurality of optical sensors 14 are arranged outside the cross section obtained by virtually cutting the reaction vessel 11 on one surface passing through the symmetry axis S of the reaction vessel 11 using the rotational symmetry of the reaction vessel 11. .

  Further, the reaction vessel 11 has an axisymmetric shape with respect to the symmetry axis S of the reaction vessel 11. Therefore, in the apparatus 10, the plurality of optical sensors 14 also use the axial symmetry of the reaction vessel 11, and the inside of a cross section obtained by virtually cutting the reaction vessel 11 along one plane passing through the symmetry axis S of the reaction vessel 11. The plurality of sensors 14 are arranged outside the right region of the regions separated left and right by the symmetry axis S. On the other hand, the plurality of sensors 14 are not arranged outside the left region of the regions separated left and right by the symmetry axis S.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the plurality of sensors 14 are arranged on a straight line outside the half region of the upper and lower bottom surfaces of the cylinder and outside the side region.

  The number of leaked photons leaking to the outside from a cross section obtained by virtually cutting the reaction vessel 11 on one surface passing through the symmetry axis S of the reaction vessel 11 is a plurality of leakage photons arranged outside the region separated left and right by the symmetry axis S. This is obtained by doubling the number of leaked photons measured using the sensor 14.

  The number of leaked photons leaking to the outside from the entire reaction vessel 11 is the number of leaked photons leaking to the outside from a section obtained by virtually cutting the reaction vessel 11 on one surface passing through the symmetry axis S of the reaction vessel 11 and the light It is obtained based on the light receiving area of the sensor 14, the arrangement interval of the optical sensors 14, and the rotational symmetry.

  A magnetic stirrer 30 is disposed below the reaction vessel 11. The reaction solution R is agitated when the rotor 31 accommodated in the reaction vessel 11 is driven and rotated by the magnetic stirrer 30.

  Stirring the reaction solution R using the rotor 31 may reduce the symmetry of the reaction solution R that is a dispersion system. In this case, by making the measurement time of the number of absorbed photons and the reaction state in the reaction vessel 11 sufficiently long with respect to the rotation period of the rotor 31, the light intensity distribution inside the reaction vessel 11 is It can be regarded as being divided into a plurality of equivalent regions based on symmetry.

  Above the reaction vessel 11, an irradiation light introduction chamber 20 and a collection chamber 21 are arranged. The collection chamber 21 and the irradiation light introduction chamber 20 are partitioned by a window portion 21a that transmits the excitation light L.

  The irradiation light introduction chamber 20 is irradiated with the excitation light L output from the light irradiation unit 12 from the optical fiber 12b. The irradiation light introduction chamber 20 includes a beam splitter 20a and a lens 20b. Most of the excitation light L emitted from the optical fiber 12b passes through the beam splitter 20a, is refracted by the lens 20b, passes through the window portion 21a, and travels into the reaction vessel 11 through the connecting portion 22.

  A part of the excitation light L irradiated with the reaction solution R in the reaction vessel 11 is reflected on the surface of the reaction solution R. A part of the excitation light reflected on the surface of the reaction solution R passes through the connecting portion 22 and proceeds into the irradiation light introduction chamber 20, is reflected by the beam splitter 20a, and is detected by the optical sensor 14b. The optical sensor 14b detects the light intensity of the received light, and outputs the detected light intensity to the leaked photon number measuring unit 17 via the signal line 14a. The light detected by the optical sensor 14b is measured as leakage light.

  The light received by the optical sensor 14b is light that has leaked from the reaction vessel 11 through the connecting portion 22 positioned at the opening of the light absorbing portion 13, and thus is detected by the optical sensor 14 disposed in the light absorbing portion 13. Not. Therefore, the number of leaked photons is more accurately measured by detecting light that has passed through the connecting portion 22 located at the opening of the light absorbing portion 13 using the optical sensor 14b. If the number of photons detected using the optical sensor 14b is negligible relative to the number of leaked photons, the optical sensor 14b may not be arranged.

  The beam splitter 20a reflects a part of the excitation light L emitted from the optical fiber 12b toward the optical sensor 16a. The optical sensor 16a detects the light intensity of the received excitation light, and outputs the detected light intensity to the irradiation photon number measuring unit 16 via the signal line 16b.

  The reaction vessel 11 and the collection chamber 21 are connected via a connecting portion 22. The reactant or product in the reaction vessel 11 moves to the collection chamber 21 through the connecting portion 22. The reactant or product moved to the collection chamber 21 further moves to the reaction state measurement unit 15.

  According to the apparatus 10 of this embodiment mentioned above, the number of the optical sensors 14 to be used can be reduced using the symmetry of the reaction vessel 11 having a cylindrical shape. Moreover, the same effect as 1st Embodiment mentioned above is show | played.

  Next, the principal part of the reaction state measuring apparatus according to the third embodiment disclosed in the present specification will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  3-5 is a figure which shows the principal part of the reaction state measuring apparatus of 3rd Embodiment disclosed by this specification. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line X1-X1 of FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line X2-X2 of FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line X3-X3 of FIG. 6 (A) and 6 (B) are views showing the arrangement of the optical sensors of the reaction state measuring apparatus of the third embodiment, and FIG. 6 (A) is a plan view of the reaction vessel 11. 6 (B) is a side view of the reaction vessel.

  In the apparatus 10 of the present embodiment, the reaction solution R in which the photocatalyst powder is dispersed in the aqueous solution in which the dye is dissolved is irradiated with excitation light that excites electrons in the photocatalyst, and the catalytic action of the photocatalyst is used. Oxidative degradation of dye molecules.

  The apparatus 10 of the present embodiment is mainly different from the first embodiment described above in the following points. The reaction vessel 11 of the present embodiment has a hollow quadrangular prism shape, and the light absorber 13 has a quadrangular prism shape corresponding to the shape of the reaction vessel 11 having a quadrangular prism shape. The reaction state measurement unit 15 examines the absorbance of the reaction solution R in the reaction vessel 11 and measures the amount of the dye molecule that is a reaction product. Therefore, since the amount of the dye molecule is measured inside the reaction vessel 11, the reaction vessel 11 does not have an opening for moving the reaction product or product in the photochemical reaction to the reaction state measurement unit 15.

  The reaction vessel 11 having a hollow quadrangular prism shape has upper and lower square bottom surfaces and four flat side surfaces. The reaction vessel 11 having a quadrangular prism shape has a rotational symmetry of 90 degrees with respect to the symmetry axis S passing through the centers of the upper and lower bottom surfaces. The reaction vessel 11 having a quadrangular prism shape has axial symmetry with respect to the symmetry axis S and plane symmetry with respect to a symmetry plane passing through the symmetry axis S. Based on the symmetry of the reaction vessel 11, the inside of the reaction vessel 11 can be divided into a plurality of regions having an equivalent light intensity distribution.

  In the apparatus 10, the plurality of optical sensors 14 are arranged outside one flat side surface and upper and lower bottom surfaces.

  In the first embodiment and the second embodiment described above, the optical sensor receives light transmitted through the curved wall surface of the reaction vessel. Since the curved wall surface functions as a lens and changes the traveling direction of light, if there is an error in the positional relationship between the optical sensor and the reaction vessel, the light intensity detected by the optical sensor may be affected.

  On the other hand, in the apparatus 10 of the present embodiment, the optical sensor receives light transmitted through the flat wall surface of the reaction vessel. Since the flat wall surface has little influence on the light traveling direction, the tolerance for the position error of the optical sensor 14 with respect to the reaction vessel 11 is larger than those in the first and second embodiments described above. Therefore, the work of assembling the device 10 is facilitated.

  The plurality of optical sensors 14 are arranged outside one region out of four regions having equivalent light intensity distributions having 90 degree rotational symmetry. Further, this one region has plane symmetry with respect to a cross section obtained by virtually cutting the reaction vessel 11 along a plane passing through the symmetry axis S of the reaction vessel 11 and passing through the center of one side surface.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 (A) and 6 (B), in the apparatus 10, the plurality of optical sensors 14 first pass through the symmetry axis S of the reaction container 11 and the reaction container on the surface passing through the center of one side surface. 11 is arranged linearly outside the cross section virtually cut. The plurality of optical sensors 14 are linearly arranged outside a cross section obtained by virtually cutting the reaction vessel 11 along a plane passing through the symmetry axis S of the reaction vessel 11 and passing through the vicinity of the side edge of one side surface. The

  The light absorption unit 13 is disposed so as to surround the reaction vessel 11 and absorbs the excitation light L transmitted through the reaction vessel 11 from the inside of the reaction vessel 11 to the outside. The light absorber 13 has a quadrangular prism shape corresponding to the shape of the reaction vessel 11 having a quadrangular prism shape. The light absorption unit 13 has an opening in a portion through which the excitation light L irradiated by the light irradiation unit 12 passes.

  The light irradiation unit 12 includes a light emitting unit 12c, a signal line 12d, and a lens 12e. The light emitting unit 12 c irradiates the excitation light L that can pass through the reaction vessel 11 along the symmetry axis S of the reaction vessel 11. For example, a light emitting diode can be used as the light emitting unit 12c. The signal line 12d transmits a drive signal for driving the light emitting unit 12c from the light irradiation unit 12 to the light emitting unit 12c. The lens 12 e is disposed in the opening of the light absorption unit 13 that covers the center of the upper bottom surface of the reaction vessel 11. The lens 12 e refracts the excitation light L output from the light emitting unit 12 c and advances it into the reaction container 11.

  A part of the excitation light L output from the light emitting unit 12c is detected by the optical sensor 16a. The optical sensor 16 a detects the light intensity of the received excitation light, and outputs the detected light intensity to the irradiation photon number measuring unit 16.

  The reaction state measurement unit 15 includes a light emitting unit 15b and a light receiving unit 15c. The light emitting unit 15b and the light receiving unit 15c are disposed outside the two opposite side surfaces of the reaction vessel 11, respectively. An opening is provided in the light absorbing portion 13 where the light emitting portion 15b and the light receiving portion 15c are located, and the light output from the light emitting portion 15b is not absorbed by the light absorbing portion 13 and is passed through the reaction vessel 11. The light is transmitted and received by the light receiving unit 15c.

  The light emitting unit 15b and the light receiving unit 15c are arranged on a side surface different from the side surface on which the plurality of optical sensors 14 are arranged, so that the optical sensor 14, the light emitting unit 15b, and the light receiving unit 15c interfere with each other's measurement. It is preferable from the viewpoint of preventing this. The light receiving unit 15 c detects the light intensity having a wavelength that the dye molecule absorbs, and outputs the detected light intensity to the reaction state measuring unit 15. For example, a light emitting diode can be used as the light emitting unit 15b. For example, a photodiode can be used as the light receiving unit 15c.

  The light emitting unit 15b outputs light having a wavelength that is absorbed by a dye molecule as a reactant. The light receiving unit 15c is arranged in a direction in which the light output from the light emitting unit 15b goes straight. The light emitting unit 15b may output light having a monochromatic wavelength. Further, the light emitting unit 15b may output light having a predetermined band including a wavelength that is absorbed by the dye molecule. When the light receiving unit 15c detects the light intensity in a predetermined band, an absorption spectrum is obtained.

  The reaction state measurement unit 15 controls the light emitting unit 15b and the light receiving unit 15c. The reaction state measurement unit 15 inputs the light intensity from the light receiving unit 15 c and measures the amount of the dye molecules in the reaction solution R. The reaction state measurement unit 15 outputs the measured amount of the dye molecule to the reaction state calculation unit 18.

  As shown in FIG. 4, a filter 15 d is disposed between the light emitting unit 15 b and the reaction container 11, and a filter 15 e is disposed between the light receiving unit 15 c and the reaction container 11. The filters 15d and 15e transmit the light output from the light emitting unit 15b, but absorb the excitation light L. The filters 15 d and 15 e prevent the excitation light L from being reflected into the reaction vessel 11. The filter 15d prevents the excitation light L from affecting the detection of the light receiving unit 15c.

  The reaction state calculation unit 18 calculates the quantum yield of the photochemical reaction based on the number of absorbed photons input from the irradiation photon number measurement unit 16 and the amount of the dye molecules in the reaction solution R.

  According to the apparatus 10 of the present embodiment described above, the tolerance for the position error of the optical sensor 14 with respect to the reaction vessel 11 is large, so that the work of assembling the apparatus 10 becomes easy. Moreover, according to the apparatus 10, the reaction state in the reaction container 11 can be measured in real time. Moreover, the same effect as 1st Embodiment mentioned above is show | played.

  Next, the principal part of the reaction state measuring apparatus according to the fourth embodiment disclosed in the present specification will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a main part of a reaction state measurement apparatus according to a fourth embodiment disclosed in the present specification.

  As in the third embodiment described above, the apparatus 10 of the present embodiment irradiates the reaction solution R in which the photocatalyst powder is dispersed in the aqueous solution in which the dye is dissolved with excitation light that excites electrons in the photocatalyst. Then, the dye molecules are oxidatively decomposed using the catalytic action of the photocatalyst.

  The apparatus 10 of the present embodiment is mainly different from the third embodiment described above in the following points. The apparatus 10 of the present embodiment includes a temperature adjustment unit 40 that changes the temperature of the reaction solution R. Each of the plurality of optical sensors 14 includes an optical fiber 14 c, and each of the plurality of optical sensors 14 receives leaked light leaking from the reaction container 11 using the optical fiber 14 c disposed outside the reaction container 11. . The reaction state in the reaction vessel 11 is performed by taking out the reaction solution R from the reaction vessel 11 and measuring the amount of the dye molecules in the reaction solution R. The light irradiation unit 12 irradiates the excitation light L inside the reaction solution R by immersing the tip of the optical fiber 12 b in the reaction solution R.

  The temperature adjustment unit 40 is disposed below the light absorption unit 13. The distance between the temperature adjustment unit 40 and the reaction vessel 11 is adjusted to a distance that allows heat transfer between the temperature adjustment unit 40 and the reaction vessel 11.

  For example, the temperature adjustment unit 40 is controlled by the reaction state calculation unit 18 to heat or cool the light absorption unit 13, thereby heating or cooling the reaction solution R in the reaction vessel 11. As the temperature adjustment unit 40, for example, a thermoelectric conversion element can be used.

  In general, in a photochemical reaction, not all elementary processes proceed photochemically, and a thermal process also affects the reaction rate. Therefore, the apparatus 10 uses the temperature adjusting unit 40 to control the temperature of the reaction solution R and irradiates the reaction solution R with excitation light.

  The temperature adjustment unit 40 is disposed on the heat sink 41, and the heat sink 41 is disposed on the magnetic stirrer 30. When the temperature adjustment unit 40 includes a thermoelectric conversion element, the heat sink 41 may be heated when the reaction solution R is heated, and the heat sink 41 may be cooled when the reaction solution R is cooled.

  Since the reaction vessel 11 and the light absorption unit 13 are heated or cooled by the temperature adjustment unit 40, as in the first to third embodiments described above, when the optical sensor is disposed in the vicinity of the reaction vessel 11, The optical sensor may be affected by temperature changes.

  Therefore, in the apparatus 10, the leakage light at the position where the optical sensor is arranged in the third embodiment is received using the optical fiber 14c, and the optical sensor 14 receives the leakage light propagated through the optical fiber 14c. I have to. Each optical sensor 14 is preferably arranged at a position that is not affected by the temperature of the reaction vessel 11 and the temperature adjusting unit 40.

  Each optical sensor 14 detects leakage light at the same position as the optical sensor in the third embodiment, and outputs the light intensity of the leakage light to the leakage photon number measuring unit 17. The leaked photon number measuring unit 17 integrates the corrected light intensities from the respective optical sensors 14 and obtains the number of leaked photons leaked from the reaction vessel 11.

  The reaction state measurement unit 15 measures the amount of the dye molecule in the reaction solution R and outputs the measured amount of the dye molecule to the reaction state calculation unit 18. The timing of measuring the amount of the dye molecule in the reaction solution R can be performed, for example, every predetermined time or every predetermined number of irradiation photons. The irradiation photon number measuring unit 16 detects the light intensity of a part of the excitation light output to the optical fiber 12b and measures the number of irradiation photons.

  The reaction state calculation unit 18 calculates the quantum yield of the photochemical reaction based on the number of absorbed photons input from the irradiation photon number measurement unit 16 and the amount of dye molecules input from the reaction state measurement unit 15.

  According to the apparatus 10 of the present embodiment described above, the temperature of the reaction solution R in the photochemical reaction is controlled to easily measure the number of absorbed photons absorbed in the photochemical reaction system, and the relationship between the number of absorbed photons and the reaction state. Can be requested. Moreover, according to the apparatus 10, the same effect as 3rd Embodiment mentioned above is show | played.

  Next, the principal part of the reaction state measurement apparatus according to the fifth embodiment disclosed in the present specification will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a main part of a reaction state measurement apparatus according to a fifth embodiment disclosed in the present specification.

  The apparatus 10 of the present embodiment is different from the above-described embodiment in that the photochemical reaction of the reaction solution R is measured using the thin-film photocatalyst layer 23. The photocatalyst layer 23 is supported on the support substrate 24 and disposed in the reaction vessel 11 so as to be immersed in the reaction solution R. The photocatalyst layer 23 supported on the support substrate 24 is shown enlarged in FIG. The support substrate 24 has a plurality of through holes through which the reaction solution R can flow.

  The catalytic action of the photocatalyst may differ depending on the form of the photocatalyst between the powder and the thin film. Therefore, the apparatus 10 calculates the relationship between the number of absorbed photons and the quantum yield using the thin-film photocatalyst layer 23.

  The other structure of the apparatus 10 is the same as that of 3rd Embodiment mentioned above.

  In the apparatus 10, the cross-sectional shape of the reaction vessel orthogonal to the symmetry axis S of the reaction vessel 11 is a square. The shape of the photocatalyst layer 23 in plan view is also a square, and the photocatalyst layer 23 is arranged so as to be orthogonal to the symmetry axis S of the reaction vessel 11.

  By making the shape of the photocatalyst layer 23 in plan view a square that is similar to the square that is the cross-sectional shape of the reaction vessel 11, an optical sensor that utilizes the equivalence of the light intensity distribution based on the symmetry of the reaction vessel 11 is used. Can be reduced in number.

  As the photochemical reaction, for example, the above-described water decomposition reaction or pigment decomposition reaction can be handled.

  According to the apparatus 10 of the present embodiment described above, the relationship between the number of absorbed photons and the quantum yield can be calculated using the thin photocatalytic layer 23. Moreover, according to the apparatus 10, the same effect as 3rd Embodiment mentioned above is show | played.

  Next, the principal part of the reaction state measuring apparatus according to the sixth embodiment disclosed in the present specification will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a main part of a reaction state measuring apparatus according to a fourth embodiment disclosed in the present specification.

  A reaction system that performs a photochemical reaction using a photocatalyst may be a gas phase together with the liquid phase described above.

  The apparatus 10 of the present embodiment is different from the above-described embodiment in that the photochemical reaction of the gas-phase reaction gas G, not a liquid, is measured using a photocatalyst powder.

  As the reaction gas G, for example, an organic gas having an odor such as acetaldehyde or mercaptan (thiol) can be used.

  The apparatus 10 includes a vibration unit 50 for dispersing the photocatalyst powder in the reaction gas G. The vibration unit 50 is disposed at the bottom of the reaction vessel 11. The vibration unit 50 applies vibration to the photocatalyst powder so as to be uniformly dispersed in the reaction gas G.

  The other structure of the apparatus 10 is the same as that of 2nd Embodiment mentioned above.

  The inner diameter of the connecting portion 22 is preferably set to a size that increases the resistance of the photocatalyst to the powder and suppresses the powder from moving from the reaction vessel 11 to the collection chamber 21.

  According to the apparatus 10 of the present embodiment described above, the relationship between the number of absorbed photons and the quantum yield can be calculated for the photochemical reaction of the reaction gas G. Moreover, according to the apparatus 10, the effect similar to 2nd Embodiment mentioned above is show | played.

  In the present invention, the reaction state calculation device of the above-described embodiment can be appropriately changed without departing from the gist of the present invention. In addition, the configuration requirements of one embodiment can be applied as appropriate to other embodiments or modifications.

  FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a first modification of the reaction state measurement device disclosed in this specification.

  For example, the light absorber 13 may have a structure as shown in FIG. The light absorbing portion 13 can be divided into an upper portion 13a and a lower portion 13b. The upper part 13 a has an upper concave part 13 e that accommodates the upper part of the reaction container 11, and the lower part 13 b has a lower concave part 13 f that accommodates the lower part of the reaction container 11. In the state where the upper portion 13a and the lower portion 13b are overlapped with each other, the upper concave portion 13e and the lower concave portion 13f are combined to form the concave portion 13c. The inner walls of the upper recess 13e and the lower recess 13f are formed using a material that absorbs excitation light. Moreover, the whole upper part 13a and the lower part 13b may be formed using the material which absorbs excitation light. The reaction vessel 11 is accommodated in the recess 13c. In FIG. 10, the description of the components of the apparatus 10 other than the reaction vessel 11 and the light absorption unit 13 is omitted.

  FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a second modification example of the reaction state measurement device disclosed in this specification.

  Moreover, the light absorption part 13 may have a structure as shown in FIG. The light absorption part 13 has a space in which the inside is sealed. The inner wall of the light absorbing portion 13 is formed using a material that absorbs excitation light. Moreover, the whole light absorption part 13 may be formed using the material which absorbs excitation light. The reaction vessel 11 is arranged in a space inside the light absorption unit 13. In FIG. 11, descriptions of the components of the apparatus 10 other than the reaction vessel 11 and the light absorption unit 13 are omitted.

  FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a third modification of the reaction state measurement device disclosed in this specification.

  For example, the reaction container 11 may have a plurality of through holes 11a, and the light irradiation unit may irradiate the reaction container 11 with light that can be absorbed by the reaction container 11. The reaction vessel 11 is formed using, for example, a material containing carbon. The plurality of through holes 11a are filled with a filter 11b that transmits excitation light so as to prevent the contents in the reaction vessel 11 from leaking through the through holes 11a. The plurality of optical sensors 14 are arranged outside the reaction vessel 11 and detect light that has passed through the plurality of through holes 11a from the inside of the reaction vessel 11 to the outside. The leakage photon number measurement unit (leakage light amount measurement unit) leaks from the reaction vessel 11 through the plurality of through holes 11a from the inside of the reaction vessel 11 to the outside based on signals output from the plurality of optical sensors 14. The number of leaked photons (leakage light quantity) is measured. The excitation light L is irradiated into the reaction vessel 11 through the through hole 11a filled with the filter 11b.

  Moreover, in embodiment mentioned above, although the reaction container had symmetry, the reaction container does not need to have symmetry. In this case, what is necessary is just to arrange | position a some sensor so that the light which leaks from the whole reaction container may be received.

  In the above-described embodiment, the irradiation photon number measurement unit calculates the absorption photon number that is the difference between the irradiation photon number and the leakage photon number, but the reaction state calculation unit calculates the irradiation photon number and the leakage photon number. The number of absorbed photons may be obtained by inputting.

  All examples and conditional words mentioned herein are intended for educational purposes to help the reader deepen and understand the inventions and concepts contributed by the inventor. All examples and conditional words mentioned herein are to be construed without limitation to such specifically stated examples and conditions. Also, such exemplary mechanisms in the specification are not related to showing the superiority and inferiority of the present invention. While embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions or modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Reaction state measuring apparatus 11 Reaction container 11a Through-hole 11b Filter 12 Light irradiation part 12a Beam splitter 12b Optical fiber 12c Light emission part 12d Signal line 12e Lens 13 Light absorption part 13a Upper part 13b Lower part 13c Concave part 13e Upper concave part 13f Lower concave part 14 Light Sensor 14a Signal line 14b Optical sensor 14c Optical fiber 15 Reaction state measurement unit 15a Connection unit 15b Light emission unit 15c Light reception unit 15d Filter 15e Filter 16 Irradiation photon number measurement unit (irradiation light quantity measurement unit)
16a Optical sensor 16b Signal line 17 Leakage photon number measurement part (Leakage light quantity measurement part)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 18 Reaction state calculation part 18a Display part 18b Memory | storage part 20 Irradiation light introduction chamber 20a Beam splitter 20b Lens 21 Product or reaction collection chamber 21a Window part 22 Connection part 23 Catalyst 24 Support substrate 30 Magnetic stirrer 31 Rotor 40 Temperature Adjustment unit 41 Heat sink 50 Excitation unit L Excitation light M Product or reactant R Reaction liquid (reaction liquid)
G reaction gas (gas to be reacted)
S symmetry axis

Claims (8)

A reaction vessel;
A light irradiation unit that irradiates the reaction container with light that can be transmitted through the reaction container; and
A light absorption part arranged to surround the reaction vessel and absorbing light transmitted through the reaction vessel from the inside of the reaction vessel to the outside;
It is arranged outside the reaction vessel, and the light irradiation part emits light into the reaction vessel in a first direction and a second direction different from the first direction, from the inside of the reaction vessel to the outside. A plurality of optical sensors for detecting light transmitted through the reaction vessel;
A reaction state measurement unit for measuring the reaction state in the reaction vessel;
An irradiation light amount measurement unit for measuring the amount of irradiation light irradiated into the reaction container by the light irradiation unit;
Based on signals output from the plurality of optical sensors, a leakage light amount measurement unit that measures the amount of leakage light that has passed through the reaction container from the inside to the outside of the reaction container and leaked from the reaction container;
A reaction state calculation unit that calculates use efficiency of absorbed light absorbed by the reaction based on the difference between the irradiation light amount and the leakage light amount and the reaction state in the reaction container measured by the reaction state measurement unit; ,
A reaction state measuring device comprising: A reaction vessel having a plurality of through holes;
A light irradiation unit for irradiating the reaction container with light that can be absorbed by the reaction container;
From the inside of the reaction vessel to the outside, arranged in the outside of the reaction vessel, in a first direction in which the light irradiation unit emits light into the reaction vessel and a second direction different from the first direction, A plurality of optical sensors for detecting light that has passed through the plurality of through holes;
A reaction state measurement unit for measuring the reaction state in the reaction vessel;
An irradiation light amount measurement unit for measuring the amount of irradiation light irradiated into the reaction container by the light irradiation unit;
Based on signals output from the plurality of optical sensors, from the inside of the reaction vessel to the outside, the leakage light amount measurement unit that measures the amount of leakage light that has leaked from the reaction vessel through the plurality of through holes,
A reaction state calculation unit that calculates use efficiency of absorbed light absorbed by the reaction based on the difference between the irradiation light amount and the leakage light amount and the reaction state in the reaction container measured by the reaction state measurement unit; ,
A reaction state measuring device comprising: The reaction vessel has symmetry;
The reaction vessel has a plurality of regions where the light amount distribution in the reaction vessel is equivalent based on the symmetry of the reaction vessel,
The reaction state calculation device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of optical sensors are arranged outside one of the regions. The reaction vessel has an axisymmetric shape with respect to an axis of symmetry,
The reaction state calculation device according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of sensors are arranged outside a cross section obtained by virtually cutting the reaction vessel on a plane passing through the axis of symmetry.   The reaction state calculation apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the light irradiation unit irradiates light into the reaction container along the symmetry axis. A photocatalytic layer is disposed within the reaction vessel;
The photocatalyst layer is
The reaction state calculation device according to claim 5, wherein the reaction state calculation device has a shape similar to a cross-sectional shape of the reaction vessel orthogonal to the axis of symmetry. The reaction state calculation device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , further comprising a stirring unit that stirs the contents in the reaction vessel or a vibration unit that vibrates the contents in the reaction vessel. The reaction state calculation device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , further comprising a temperature adjustment unit that changes the temperature of the contents in the reaction vessel.

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