JP6359013B2 - 1,5−d−アンヒドロフルクトースを含むアポトーシス関連スペック様カード蛋白質の機能阻害薬 - Google Patents
1,5−d−アンヒドロフルクトースを含むアポトーシス関連スペック様カード蛋白質の機能阻害薬 Download PDFInfo
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Description
[実施例1]
インフラマソームの構成成分であるNLRは、細胞内の病原体等を認識するパターン認識受容体であり、これにDAMPsやPAMPsが結合することによりインフラマソームが活性化される。NLRは多くのものが知られているが、本実施例においてはNLRの代表としてNLRP1、NLRP3、NLRC4、AIM2を活性化する薬剤を用いて実験を行った。各NLRを活性化するものとして以下の薬剤を用いた:
NLRP1 Anthrax PAとLF(ANT)(List Biologist社)
NLRP3 ATP、nigericin(NIG)、尿酸塩(MSU)、Imject Alum Ajuvant(ALU)
NLRC4 フラジェリンFLA
AIM2 poly(dA:dT)(POL)(Sigma社)、リポフェクタミン2000(LIP)(Invitrogen社)。
(ii)1,5−AFはインフラマソームの活性化を介したプロカスパーゼ1からカスパーゼ1への活性化を抑制した
[実施例2]
実施例1同様に、本実験はNakahira,Kらの方法(Nat.Immunol.12 (2011)222−30)に従ってマウス由来骨髄マクロファージを作製し、実験を行った。C57/BL6の雄性マウスの大腿骨及び脛骨より、骨髄幹細胞を抽出し、L929細胞より抽出した培養上清液(M−CSFを含む)を25%含むDMEM液体培地(10%FBS及び2%ペニシリンストレプトマイシン含有)中で6日間培養し、マクロファージへと分化させた。6日間経過後に、マウス由来骨髄マクロファージを回収し、細胞数を調節し、各デッシュにまきなおし、オーバーナイトで接着させた後に、LPS、及びインフラマソームを誘導する薬剤を添加した。
[実施例3]
ワイルドタイプマウスより腹腔マクロファージを抽出し、これにLPSを添加してプライミングした後に、インフラマソームを誘導する薬剤としてロテノン(rotenon)を添加(1時間)して上清中のIL−1βの定量をELISAキットを用いて行った。ロテノンは、ミトコンドリア障害因子であり、実験的アルツハイマー病やパーキンソン病に使われる神経障害因子である。ミトコンドリアが障害されると、障害ミトコンドリアから大量のATPが放出されて、インフラマソームが活性化されて炎症が惹起されることが知られている。神経系の場合にはこのことがアルツハイマー病やパーキンソン病の原因となることがわかっている。
[実施例4]
C57/BL6ワイルドマウスにLPSを経気管投与してALIモデルを作製した。LPS(エンドトキシン)を経気管投与すると激しい肺障害が惹起され、これはALIの代表的モデルとされている(Gustavo Matute−Bello,et al. “Animal models of acute lung injury”, Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 295: L379−L399, 2008)。急性肺障害(acute lung injury, ALI)や急性呼吸促拍症候群(acute respiratory distress syndrome, ARDS)はインフラマソーム活性化に伴う代表的な疾患である。
[実施例5]
C57/BL6ワイルドタイプマウスにLPSを腹腔内投与してSIRSモデルを作製した。全身性にインフラマソームが活性化されるとIL−1β等の炎症性サイトカインが全身を循環しSIRSを引きおこし、臨床上も重要な病態となっている。
[実施例6]
プロカスパーゼ1のカスパーゼ1への活性化は、単にpro−IL−1βとpro−IL−18のIL−1β、IL−18への活性化で免疫担当細胞を病巣部へリクルートするのみでなく、プログラム化された炎症性細胞死(pyroptosis)をも引き起こす。これらは新しい炎症の概念である。本発明者らは、1,5−AFがプロカスパーゼ1のカスパーゼ1への活性化を抑制して、炎症性細胞死を抑制することを検証した。
[実施例7]
ASCを発現させたHEK細胞をエンドトキシン刺激し(第1刺激)、次にpoly(dA:dT)を加えた(第2刺激)場合、図19の列5のようにASCモノマーは、ダイマー、トリマー及びテトラマーを形成した。しかしながら、1,5−AFの存在下では、このようなASCモノマーの重合体は観察されなかった(図19の6列参照)。つまり、1,5−AFはASCの重合を抑制していることが示唆された。結果として1,5−AFは図3−2に示されるASC重合阻害を介してカスパーゼ1の生成を阻害して、結果的にIL−1b、IL−18の産生を抑制しているものといえる。
[実施例8]
マウス骨髄単核球を培養し、シリカ(珪酸マグネシウム:50μg/ml)による刺激した後、1,5-AF(5μg/ml)を添加して1時間後、IL−18の濃度を測定した(図20a)。同様に、各濃度のシリカで骨髄単核球を刺激した後、5時間後に1,5−AF(2〜10mg/ml)加え、IL−1βの濃度を測定した(図20b)。
[実施例9]
マウス骨髄単核球を炭疽菌毒素(anthorax toxin:1mg/ml)又はアラム(50μg/ml)で4時間培養刺激した後、1,5−AF(5mg/ml)を添加して、2時間後のIL−1βの濃度を測定した(図21)。アラムはポジティブコントロールとして使用した。
[実施例10]
ヒト末梢血を採取し、Lymphoprep(Ficoll)を使用してヒト末梢血単核細胞(PBMC)を分離した。PBMCを、DMEM+10%FBS培地に当たり0.1x106個/ウェルずつまいて、実験に用いた。LPS 500ng/mlで3時間プライミング処理した。1,5−AF(2〜10mg/ml)を加え、30分インキュベートした後にシリカ(250μg/ml)で2時間刺激した後、上清を回収した。
ヒト末梢血を採取し、Lymphoprep(Ficoll)を使用してヒト末梢血単核細胞(PBMC)を分離した。PBMCを、DMEM+10%FBS培地に当たり0.1x106個/ウェルずつまいて実験に用いた。LPS 500ng/mlで3時間プライミング処理した。1,5−AF(2〜10mg/ml)を加え、30分インキュベートした後にATP(2〜5mM)で1時間刺激した後、上清を回収した。
Claims (14)
- 1,5−D−アンヒドロフルクトースを有効成分とする、アポトーシス関連スペック様カード蛋白質(ASC)が関与する疾患又は症状の治療薬であって、
ASCが関与する疾患又は症状が、全身性炎症性反応症候群SIRS、アルツハイマー病、クライオピリン関連周期熱症候群、家族性地中海熱、PAPA症候群、Majeed症候群、高IgD症候群、反復性胞状奇胎、DIRA、炭疽菌感染症、急性呼吸促拍症候群、炎症性細胞死及び石綿肺から選択される少なくとも1種である、上記治療薬。 - ASCが関与する疾患又は症状が、全身性炎症性反応症候群SIRSである、請求項1に記載の治療薬。
- ASCが関与する疾患又は症状が、アルツハイマー病である、請求項1に記載の治療薬。
- ASCが関与する疾患又は症状が、クライオピリン関連周期熱症候群である、請求項1に記載の治療薬。
- ASCが関与する疾患又は症状が、家族性地中海熱である、請求項1に記載の治療薬。
- ASCが関与する疾患又は症状が、PAPA症候群である、請求項1に記載の治療薬。
- ASCが関与する疾患又は症状が、Majeed症候群である、請求項1に記載の治療薬。
- ASCが関与する疾患又は症状が、高IgD症候群である、請求項1に記載の治療薬。
- ASCが関与する疾患又は症状が、反復性胞状奇胎である、請求項1に記載の治療薬。
- ASCが関与する疾患又は症状が、DIRAである、請求項1に記載の治療薬。
- ASCが関与する疾患又は症状が、炭疽菌感染症である、請求項1に記載の治療薬。
- ASCが関与する疾患又は症状が、急性呼吸促拍症候群である、請求項1に記載の治療薬。
- ASCが関与する疾患又は症状が、炎症性細胞死である、請求項1に記載の治療薬。
- ASCが関与する疾患又は症状が、石綿肺である、請求項1に記載の治療薬。
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