JP6333460B1 - Roof structure - Google Patents

Abstract

In a roof structure, condensation in the heat insulation layer is prevented as much as possible by preventing outside air in the ventilation layer from directly touching the heat insulation layer. A roof frame 10 formed of a rafter 20 provided along a slope of a roof and a locking member 22 installed between the rafters 20, and a heat insulating material in a space 26 in the roof frame 10. A heat-insulating layer 30 that is filled and has a thickness equal to the height of the rafter 20, and a moisture-proof layer 35 that is formed of an air-tight moisture-proof sheet that covers the heat-insulating layer 30 on the lower surface of the roof frame 10. A moisture-permeable field plate 45 covering the heat insulating layer 30 on the upper surface of the roof frame 10, a waterproof layer 50 formed of a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet covering the upper surface of the field plate 45, and the waterproof layer 50 A ventilation layer 60 is formed between the waterproof layer 50 and the roof material 55 by being interposed between the waterproof material 50 and the roof material 55. And a spacer structure. [Selection] Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a roof structure provided with a heat insulating structure that prevents condensation.

  Conventionally, as a heat insulating structure of a roof, it is common to put a heat insulating material between rafters. Furthermore, the rafters were made higher than the thickness of the heat insulating material, and a space corresponding to the difference was secured on the heat insulating material, and this space was used as a ventilation layer. This ventilation layer ensures the ventilation from the eaves side ventilation opening to the building ventilation member. Here, it is common that a locking stopper is provided on a horizontal member such as a main building and an eaves for supporting the rafter to connect adjacent rafters and prevent the rafter from rolling over. However, as described above, in order to provide the ventilation layer, the anti-rolling is made lower than the rafter (see Patent Documents 1 to 4 below).

JP 2006-63665 A JP 2013-7153 A JP 2010-275842 A JP 2016-151107 A

  The above-described roof structure is intended to discharge moisture (water vapor) that has entered the inside of the roof to the outside air by providing a ventilation layer between the heat insulating material and the roof base plywood as the base plate. However, since outside air is taken into the ventilation layer, moisture (water vapor) that has entered the roof may condense, particularly in winter. Moreover, when the air in a ventilation layer stagnates, moisture will permeate | transmit a roof base | substrate and it will also form dew condensation between the waterproof sheets constructed | assembled on it. Further, a windproof material (for example, a moisture permeable waterproof sheet) is applied to the upper surface of the heat insulating material, which defines the heat insulating material and the ventilation layer. Since this windproof material is usually constructed so as to be placed on a heat insulating material (for example, glass wool), it is very difficult to construct such that the ventilation layer and the heat insulating material are reliably blocked. Therefore, if there is a slight gap in the windproof material, the outside air of the ventilation layer may enter from there and mix with the air inside the heat insulating material, so that condensation may also occur inside the heat insulating material including moisture that has entered from inside the room. There is.

  On the other hand, since the rafters need to be made high enough to ensure the thickness of the heat insulating material and the thickness of the ventilation layer, they are easy to roll against the lateral force, and the structural strength of the roof is weakened.

  Then, this invention makes it a subject to prevent the dew condensation in a heat insulation layer as much as possible in a roof structure by preventing the external air in a ventilation layer from touching a heat insulation layer directly in a roof structure.

  In view of the above problems, the roof structure according to the first aspect of the present invention includes a rafter provided along a slope of the roof, a roof frame formed of a locking material installed between the rafters, A heat insulating layer formed by filling a space in the roof frame with a heat insulating material and having a thickness equal to the height of the rafters, and an airtight moisture-proof sheet covering the heat insulating layer on the lower surface of the roof frame A moisture-proof layer formed by: a moisture-permeable field board covering the heat-insulating layer on the upper surface of the roof frame; a waterproof layer formed by a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet covering the upper surface of the field board; and the waterproof A roof material installed above the layer, and a spacer that is interposed between the waterproof layer and the roof material so as to form a ventilation layer between the waterproof layer and the roof material. It is characterized by that.

  The roof structure according to the second aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the rafters and the anti-slip material are equal.

  Since the present invention is configured as described above, entry of water vapor and water droplets contained in the outside air in the ventilation layer into the heat insulating layer is prevented, and the outside air does not directly touch the heat insulating material. Since the leaked moisture does not come into contact with the outside air, the possibility of the occurrence of condensation in the heat insulating layer is significantly reduced.

  Moreover, since it is not necessary to provide a ventilation layer between a field board and a heat insulation layer, formation of a rafter can be reduced and the structural strength and rigidity of a roof improve. Along with this, the volume of rafters can be saved, and the cost can be reduced.

  In addition, the degree of freedom in setting the thickness of the ventilation layer and the specifications of the heat insulating material as appropriate according to the climatic conditions of the building site will be expanded.

  In addition, since the roof structure is simplified, it is easy to produce panels of the roof frame at the factory, and the work period at the site can be shortened accordingly.

  Furthermore, since the ventilation layer is located above the field board, fire does not enter the indoor side from the field board in the event of a fire from an external fire source.

It is a top view which shows typically the structure of the roof frame in the roof structure which concerns on embodiment of this invention. A part of the roof structure according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown in the II-II cross section of FIG. A part of the roof structure according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown in the III-III cross section of FIG. The eaves part of the roof structure which concerns on embodiment of this invention is shown in the IV-IV cross section of FIG. The ridge part of the roof structure which concerns on embodiment of this invention is shown in the VV cross section of FIG.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an example of a roof frame 10 in the roof structure according to the present embodiment. The roof frame 10 includes two rafters 20 installed at right angles to horizontal members such as a ridge 70 (see FIG. 5), a purlin 75 (see FIG. 3) and an eaves girder 80 (see FIG. 4). Two anti-locking materials 22 to be connected have a basic configuration. In the figure, the upper side of the rafter 20 is the ridge side, the lower side is the eaves side, the uppermost anti-locking material 22A is installed on the ridge 70, and the lowermost anti-locking material 22C is the eaves girder 80 The intermediate locking material 22B is installed on the main house 75.

  That is, the heat insulating material is filled in the space 26 surrounded by the two rafters 20 and the two anti-rolling materials 22. Here, the rafter 20 and the anti-roll material 22 are the same. However, the formation of the anti-rotation material 22A installed on the ridge 70 is substantially the same as the formation of the rafter 20 in a state where the rafter 20 is installed (see FIG. 5).

  The rafter 20 extends further to the eaves side than the position of the locking member 22C on the eaves side, and a nose cover 24 is attached to the tip thereof.

  FIG. 2 shows a part of the roof structure according to the present embodiment in a II-II cross section in a state where the roof frame 10 of FIG. 1 is installed on the roof.

  Between the rafters 20, the heat insulating material (for example, glass wool) is filled to form a heat insulating layer 30. A moisture-proof layer 35 is formed on the lower surface of the heat-insulating layer 30 by an air-tight moisture-proof sheet (for example, Barrier Ace (trade name, Fukubi Chemical)). Further, a finishing material 40 is fixed to the lower surface of the moisture-proof layer 35, that is, the indoor side. The height of the heat insulating layer 30 is the same as that of the rafter 20.

  On the other hand, a moisture-permeable field board 45 is fixed to the upper surface of the heat insulating layer 30. The upper surface of the base plate 45 is covered with a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet, whereby a waterproof layer 50 is formed. Above the waterproof layer 50, a spacer 65 is interposed and a roofing material 55 is sown. The space corresponding to the height of the spacer 65 serves as a ventilation layer 60 and the waterproof layer 50 and the roofing material. 55 is formed between. The spacer 65 can be used, for example, with a plastic lumber material.

  As described above, the thickness of the ventilation layer 60 is defined by the height of the spacer 65, but the height can be appropriately set according to the climatic conditions of the building place. For example, about 5 mm is sufficient in a warm region where condensation in winter is not a problem, but it is desirable to promote ventilation by setting it to about 1 cm in a cold region where condensation in winter is more problematic.

  FIG. 3 shows a part of the roof structure according to the present embodiment in a III-III cross section in a state where the roof frame 10 of FIG. 1 is installed on the roof.

  The rafters 20 are fixed by fixing means (not shown) such as screws, nails, metal fittings, etc. at the points where they cross the horizontal member such as the purlin 75 described above. It is fixed to the frame member (purlin 75) by the fixing means (not shown).

  FIG. 4 shows a part of the roof structure according to the present embodiment in an IV-IV cross section in a state where the roof frame 10 of FIG. 1 is installed on the roof.

  The ventilation layer 60 communicates with an eaves vent 90 which is a space between a drainer 56 provided on the edge of the roof material 55 in the eaves portion and the nose cover 24. Outside air is taken into the ventilation layer 60 from the eaves vent 90 (see arrow in FIG. 4). The air in the ventilation layer 60 rises along the slope of the roof (see the arrow in FIG. 3).

  Here, since the ventilation layer 60 is located above the field plate 45, the flame does not enter the indoor side of the field plate 45 through the ventilation layer 60 in the event of a fire from an external fire source. Therefore, fire prevention measures at the eaves are easy.

  FIG. 5 shows a part of the roof structure according to the present embodiment in a VV cross section in a state where the roof frame 10 of FIG. 1 is installed on the roof. The air in the ventilation layer 60 is released to the outside air through the building ventilation member 95 provided above the building 70 (see the arrow in FIG. 5).

  Here, since the ventilation layer 60 is separated from the heat insulating layer 30 by the field plate 45 and the waterproof layer 50 and does not come into direct contact, even if moisture is present in the heat insulating layer 30, the outside air is the heat insulating layer. No contact with 30 internal moisture. Therefore, there is no risk of condensation inside the heat insulating layer 30. Further, there is no risk of condensation between the base plate 45 and the heat insulating layer 30.

  In addition, a moisture-permeable material (for example, MDF (medium density fiberboard), medium fiberboard) is used for the base plate 45. The waterproof layer 50 also has a highly moisture-permeable waterproof sheet (for example, East Roof White). Therefore, the moisture inside the heat insulating layer 30 permeates the base plate 45 and the waterproof layer 50, and passes through the ventilation layer 60 as described above (arrow in FIG. 3). (See FIG. 5) Further, moisture is quickly transmitted to the ventilation layer 60 between the base plate 45 and the waterproof layer 50, so there is no risk of condensation here.

  In the present invention, the roof frame 10 can be panelized by one unit or a plurality of units. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, four panels of a roof frame 10 in which three rafters 20 are arranged in parallel may be used. Specifically, the moisture-proof sheet is attached to the lower surface of the roof frame 10 to form the moisture-proof layer 35, and then the heat insulating material is put into the space 26 of the roof frame 10 to form the heat-insulating layer 30, and the roof frame A panel in which the base plate 45 is fixed to the upper surface of 10 can be used as a panel. Note that the waterproof layer 50 may be formed in advance by mounting the waterproof sheet on the base plate 45. By constructing in this way, the construction procedure at the site is greatly simplified.

10 Roof frame
20 rafters
22 Anti-roll material
22A Anti-slip material (installed on top of building)
22B Anti-rolling material (installed on the main building)
22C Anti-rolling material (installed on the eaves girder)
24 Nose cover 26 Space
30 Heat insulation layer 35 Moisture proof layer 40 Finishing material
45 Base plate 50 Waterproof layer 55 Roofing material
56 Drainer
60 Ventilation layer 65 Spacer
70 buildings 75 Purlin 80 girder
90 eaves vents 95 buildings

Claims (2)

A rafter provided along the slope of the roof, and a roof frame formed of a locking material installed between the rafters;
A heat insulating layer formed by filling a heat insulating material in the space in the roof frame and having a thickness equal to the height of the rafters;
A moisture-proof layer formed of an air-tight moisture-proof sheet covering the heat insulating layer on the lower surface of the roof frame;
A moisture-permeable field board covering the heat insulating layer on the upper surface of the roof frame;
A waterproof layer formed of a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet covering the upper surface of the base plate,
A roofing material installed above the waterproof layer;
Spacers that form a ventilation layer between the waterproof layer and the roof material by being interposed between the waterproof layer and the roof material,
A roof structure characterized by comprising:   The roof structure according to claim 1, wherein the rafters and the anti-slip material are equal.