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JP6327558B2 - Air conditioner - Google Patents

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JP6327558B2
JP6327558B2 JP2014115925A JP2014115925A JP6327558B2 JP 6327558 B2 JP6327558 B2 JP 6327558B2 JP 2014115925 A JP2014115925 A JP 2014115925A JP 2014115925 A JP2014115925 A JP 2014115925A JP 6327558 B2 JP6327558 B2 JP 6327558B2
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outdoor
compressor
unit
load
compressors
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JP2015230115A (en
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大誉 菅原
大誉 菅原
剛司 大平
剛司 大平
矢野　謙一郎
謙一郎 矢野
岸野　正裕
正裕 岸野
吉成 永富
吉成 永富
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Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
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Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201510300312.9A priority patent/CN105318459B/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/06—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the arrangements for the supply of heat-exchange fluid for the subsequent treatment of primary air in the room units
    • F24F3/065—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the arrangements for the supply of heat-exchange fluid for the subsequent treatment of primary air in the room units with a plurality of evaporators or condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F25B49/022—Compressor control arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/023—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/025—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
  • Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)

Description

本発明は、空気調和装置に関する。   The present invention relates to an air conditioner.

従来、複数台の室内ユニットを並列に配置するとともに、各室内ユニットに繋がるユニット管配管に対し、複数の室外機を並列に接続したマルチ型空気調和装置空気調和装置が知られている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。特許文献１では、室内機の負荷に応じて室外機の運転台数を制御している。   Conventionally, a multi-type air conditioner in which a plurality of indoor units are arranged in parallel and a plurality of outdoor units are connected in parallel to a unit pipe connected to each indoor unit is known (for example, Patent Document 1). In Patent Document 1, the number of operating outdoor units is controlled according to the load of the indoor unit.

特開平７−１９６２４号公報JP 7-19624 A

ところで、上記従来の空気調和装置では、室内機の負荷に応じて室外機の運転台数を制御して室外機の運転の効率化を図ることができるが、外気温度と室内機の負荷とは必ずしも一致しない。このため、空気調和装置を外気温度が高い状況で使用する場合、室内機の負荷に応じて室外機の運転台数を制御しても外気温度に起因して圧縮機の吐出する冷媒が過度に高圧になってしまい、圧縮機を運転できなくなるということが起こり得る。
本発明は、上述した事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、空気調和装置において、外気温度が高い状況であっても圧縮機の吐出する冷媒の高圧化を防止し、空気調和装置を効率良く運転できるようにすることを目的とする。 By the way, in the above-described conventional air conditioner, the number of outdoor units operated can be controlled according to the load of the indoor unit to improve the efficiency of the operation of the outdoor unit. However, the outdoor air temperature and the load of the indoor unit are not necessarily It does not match. Therefore, when the air conditioner is used in a situation where the outside air temperature is high, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor is excessively high due to the outside air temperature even if the number of outdoor units operated is controlled according to the load of the indoor unit. It may happen that the compressor cannot be operated.
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances. In an air conditioner, even if the outside air temperature is high, the pressure of refrigerant discharged from the compressor is prevented and the air conditioner is operated efficiently. The purpose is to be able to.

上記目的を達成するため、本発明は、複数台の室外機に複数台の室内機を接続し、前記室内機の負荷に応じて、前記室外機の運転台数を制御する空気調和装置において、１台の室外機の運転要求が出力され、かつ、前記室外機の温度センサによる外気温度が所定温度を超えたときには、当該運転要求に係わらず、複数台の室外機を同時に運転する制御部を備え、前記制御部は、前記外気温度が所定温度以下の通常時は、室内の空調負荷を検出するセンサの検出に基づく運転要求に応じて、運転する前記室外機の台数を決定し、前記制御部は、前記外気温度が前記所定温度を超えたときは、運転する前記室外機の台数を前記通常時よりも増やすことを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an air conditioner that connects a plurality of indoor units to a plurality of outdoor units and controls the number of operating outdoor units according to the load of the indoor units. When a request for operation of a single outdoor unit is output and the outside air temperature by the temperature sensor of the outdoor unit exceeds a predetermined temperature, a control unit is provided to simultaneously operate a plurality of outdoor units regardless of the operation request. The control unit determines the number of the outdoor units to be operated according to an operation request based on detection of a sensor for detecting an air conditioning load in the room when the outside temperature is normal or lower than a predetermined temperature, and the control unit Is characterized in that when the outside air temperature exceeds the predetermined temperature, the number of the outdoor units to be operated is increased as compared with the normal time .

また、本発明は、前記制御部は、前記室外機の台数と同数の前記圧縮機の運転台数を下限として、前記室内機の負荷に応じて、前記圧縮機の運転台数を制御することを特徴とする。
さらに、本発明は、前記室内機の負荷の所定値に応じて前記圧縮機の運転台数を増加させた後、前記室内機の負荷に応じて前記圧縮機の運転台数を減らす場合、前記所定値よりも前記負荷が所定の負荷だけ低くなってから前記圧縮機の運転台数を減らすことを特徴とする。 Further, the present invention is characterized in that the control unit controls the number of operating compressors according to the load of the indoor unit, with the number of operating compressors equal to the number of the outdoor units as a lower limit. And
Furthermore, the present invention increases the number of compressors operated according to a predetermined value of the indoor unit load and then decreases the number of compressors operated according to the load of the indoor unit. The number of compressors to be operated is reduced after the load becomes lower than the predetermined load.

また、本発明は、前記制御部は、１台の室外機において複数台の圧縮機が同時に運転するとき、各圧縮機の運転周波数をずらして運転制御することを特徴とする。
また、本発明は、１台の室外機の基板において、一方の圧縮機が送風機と共に電流制御され、他方の圧縮機が単独で電流制御され、前記制御部は、前記一方の圧縮機の運転周波数を前記他方の圧縮機の運転周波数より低くして、運転制御することを特徴とする。 Further, the present invention is characterized in that, when a plurality of compressors are operated simultaneously in one outdoor unit, the control unit controls the operation by shifting the operation frequency of each compressor.
Further, according to the present invention, in the substrate of one outdoor unit, one compressor is current-controlled with the blower, the other compressor is independently current-controlled, and the control unit is operated at the operating frequency of the one compressor. Is controlled to be lower than the operating frequency of the other compressor.

本発明の空気調和装置によれば、外気温度が高い状況であっても圧縮機の吐出する冷媒の高圧化を防止し、空気調和装置を効率良く運転できる。   According to the air conditioner of the present invention, even when the outside air temperature is high, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor is prevented from being increased in pressure, and the air conditioner can be operated efficiently.

本発明の実施の形態に係る空気調和装置の冷媒回路図である。It is a refrigerant circuit figure of the air harmony device concerning an embodiment of the invention. 制御部と圧縮部との接続の構成を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of a connection of a control part and a compression part. 空気調和装置の運転の処理を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the process of an operation | movement of an air conditioning apparatus. 通常時における室内機の負荷と圧縮機の運転台数との関係を示す図表である。It is a table | surface which shows the relationship between the load of an indoor unit in normal time, and the driving | running number of compressors. 外気温度が高い場合における室内機の負荷と圧縮機の運転台数との関係を示す図表である。It is a graph which shows the relationship between the load of an indoor unit in case outdoor temperature is high, and the operating number of compressors.

以下、図面を参照して本発明の実施の形態に係る空気調和装置について図面を参照して説明する。
図１は、本発明の実施の形態に係る空気調和装置の冷媒回路図である。
空気調和装置１は、いわゆるマルチ型であり、並列に接続される複数台の室外機１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃと、並列に接続される複数台の室内機１１・・・（・・・は複数を示す。以下同じ。）と、室外機１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃと室内機１１・・・とを繋ぐユニット間配管１２と、制御部３０とを備える。 Hereinafter, an air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of an air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The air conditioner 1 is a so-called multi-type, and a plurality of outdoor units 10a, 10b, 10c connected in parallel and a plurality of indoor units 11 (...) connected in parallel. The same applies hereinafter), and an inter-unit pipe 12 that connects the outdoor units 10a, 10b, 10c and the indoor units 11 and so on, and a control unit 30.

３台の室外機１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃは、一部構成を除き同一に構成されるため、室外機１０ａを例に挙げて説明する。同一の部分には同一の符号を付して説明を省略する。
室外機１０ａは、圧縮部１３と、オイルセパレータ１４と、四方弁１５と、室外熱交換器１６と、室外電動膨張弁１７と、レシーバタンク１８と、アキュムレータ１９と、これらを繋ぐ冷媒配管２０と、外気の温度を検出する温度センサ２１とを備える。 Since the three outdoor units 10a, 10b, and 10c are configured in the same manner except for some configurations, the outdoor unit 10a will be described as an example. The same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
The outdoor unit 10a includes a compression unit 13, an oil separator 14, a four-way valve 15, an outdoor heat exchanger 16, an outdoor electric expansion valve 17, a receiver tank 18, an accumulator 19, and a refrigerant pipe 20 that connects them. And a temperature sensor 21 for detecting the temperature of the outside air.

オイルセパレータ１４は、圧縮部１３から吐出される冷媒中のオイルを分離するものであり、ここで分離されたオイルは、戻し管２２を通じて圧縮部１３の吸込管２３に戻される。戻し管２２には、流れるオイル量を調整する弁２４が設けられる。室外熱交換器１６は、熱交換を促進させる送風ファン１６ａ（図２参照）を備える。
ユニット間配管１２は、四方弁１５に繋がるガス管１２ａと、室外電動膨張弁１７に繋がる液管１２ｂとを備える。また、各室外機１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃの戻し管２２は、バランス管２９により繋がれる。
圧縮部１３は、並列に設けられる圧縮機１３ａと圧縮機１３ｂとを備える。圧縮機１３ａ及び圧縮機１３ｂは、共にインバータを備えた能力可変型の圧縮機である。 The oil separator 14 separates oil in the refrigerant discharged from the compression unit 13, and the separated oil is returned to the suction pipe 23 of the compression unit 13 through the return pipe 22. The return pipe 22 is provided with a valve 24 for adjusting the amount of flowing oil. The outdoor heat exchanger 16 includes a blower fan 16a (see FIG. 2) that promotes heat exchange.
The inter-unit pipe 12 includes a gas pipe 12 a connected to the four-way valve 15 and a liquid pipe 12 b connected to the outdoor electric expansion valve 17. The return pipes 22 of the outdoor units 10a, 10b, and 10c are connected by a balance pipe 29.
The compression unit 13 includes a compressor 13a and a compressor 13b provided in parallel. Both the compressor 13a and the compressor 13b are variable capacity type compressors equipped with inverters.

室外機１０ｂは、室外機１０ａと同様に構成されている。室外機１０ｂの圧縮部３３は、並列に設けられる圧縮機３３ａと圧縮機３３ｂとを備える。圧縮機３３ａ及び圧縮機３３ｂは、共にインバータを備えた能力可変型の圧縮機である。
室外機１０ｃは、圧縮部４３の構成を除き、室外機１０ａと同様に構成されている。圧縮部４３は、１台の圧縮機４３ａのみを備える。圧縮機４３ａは、インバータを備えた能力可変型の圧縮機である。 The outdoor unit 10b is configured in the same manner as the outdoor unit 10a. The compression unit 33 of the outdoor unit 10b includes a compressor 33a and a compressor 33b provided in parallel. Both the compressor 33a and the compressor 33b are variable capacity type compressors equipped with inverters.
The outdoor unit 10 c is configured similarly to the outdoor unit 10 a except for the configuration of the compression unit 43. The compression unit 43 includes only one compressor 43a. The compressor 43a is a variable capacity compressor including an inverter.

各室内機１１・・・は、室内熱交換器２５と、室内電動膨張弁２６と、これらを繋ぐ冷媒配管２７とを備える。また、各室内機１１・・・は、室内の空調負荷を検出可能なセンサ２８を備える。
制御部３０は、室外機１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃ及び室内機１１・・・に接続されている。制御部３０は、センサ２８により検出される室内機１１・・・側の負荷や、温度センサ２１により検出される外気温度に基づいて、運転する室外機１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃの台数、運転する圧縮機の台数、及び、各圧縮機の能力等を決定する。 Each of the indoor units 11 ... includes an indoor heat exchanger 25, an indoor electric expansion valve 26, and a refrigerant pipe 27 that connects them. Each indoor unit 11... Includes a sensor 28 that can detect an air conditioning load in the room.
The control unit 30 is connected to the outdoor units 10a, 10b, 10c and the indoor units 11. Based on the load on the indoor unit 11... Side detected by the sensor 28 and the outside air temperature detected by the temperature sensor 21, the controller 30 controls the number of outdoor units 10 a, 10 b, 10 c to be operated and the compression to be operated. Determine the number of machines and the capacity of each compressor.

冷房運転の場合、圧縮部１３，３３，４３で圧縮された高温・高圧のガス冷媒は、オイルセパレータ１４及び四方弁１５を通って室外熱交換器１６に流れ、室外熱交換器１６で凝縮されて高圧の液冷媒となる。この高圧の液冷媒は、レシーバタンク１８を経て液管１２ｂを流れ、各室内機１１・・・の室内電動膨張弁２６に達し、室内電動膨張弁２６を通過する際に減圧されて低圧の液冷媒となる。この液冷媒は、室内熱交換器２５で蒸発して低圧のガス冷媒となり、ガス管１２ａを流れてアキュムレータ１９を通り圧縮部１３に戻る。   In the case of the cooling operation, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant compressed by the compression units 13, 33, and 43 flows to the outdoor heat exchanger 16 through the oil separator 14 and the four-way valve 15 and is condensed by the outdoor heat exchanger 16. And high pressure liquid refrigerant. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant flows through the liquid pipe 12b through the receiver tank 18, reaches the indoor electric expansion valve 26 of each indoor unit 11..., And is reduced in pressure when passing through the indoor electric expansion valve 26 to be low-pressure liquid. Becomes a refrigerant. This liquid refrigerant evaporates in the indoor heat exchanger 25 to become a low-pressure gas refrigerant, flows through the gas pipe 12a, passes through the accumulator 19, and returns to the compression unit 13.

図２は、制御部３０と圧縮部１３との接続の構成を示す模式図である。
制御部３０は、室外機１０ａの圧縮機１３ａを制御する第１基板部５１と、圧縮機１３ｂを制御する第２基板部５２とに接続されている。第１基板部５１及び第２基板部５２は、室外機１０ａに設けられる。
第１基板部５１は、圧縮機１３ａに接続されており、圧縮機１３ａに供給する電流を制御する。
第２基板部５２は、圧縮機１３ｂと、送風ファン１６ａとに接続されており、圧縮機１３ｂ及び送風ファン１６ａに供給する電流を制御する。第２基板部５２には、圧縮機１３ｂに供給する電流と送風ファン１６ａに供給する電流とが合わさった電流が供給され、この電流は、第２基板部５２の下流で圧縮機１３ｂと送風ファン１６ａとに分かれて流れる。
このように、圧縮機１３ｂ用の第２基板部５２を利用して送風ファン１６ａに電流を供給することで、基板の構成を簡略化できる。
なお、制御部３０と室外機１０ｂの圧縮部３３との接続の構成も図２と同一である。 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a connection configuration between the control unit 30 and the compression unit 13.
The control unit 30 is connected to a first substrate unit 51 that controls the compressor 13a of the outdoor unit 10a and a second substrate unit 52 that controls the compressor 13b. The first substrate unit 51 and the second substrate unit 52 are provided in the outdoor unit 10a.
The 1st board | substrate part 51 is connected to the compressor 13a, and controls the electric current supplied to the compressor 13a.
The 2nd board | substrate part 52 is connected to the compressor 13b and the ventilation fan 16a, and controls the electric current supplied to the compressor 13b and the ventilation fan 16a. The current obtained by combining the current supplied to the compressor 13 b and the current supplied to the blower fan 16 a is supplied to the second substrate unit 52, and this current is supplied downstream from the compressor 13 b and the blower fan. It is divided into 16a and flows.
Thus, the structure of a board | substrate can be simplified by supplying an electric current to the ventilation fan 16a using the 2nd board | substrate part 52 for the compressor 13b.
The configuration of connection between the control unit 30 and the compression unit 33 of the outdoor unit 10b is the same as that in FIG.

ところで、空気調和装置では、外気の温度が高くなると室外機の圧縮部が吐出する冷媒の圧力が過度に高くなってしまい、運転要求に応じて圧縮部を運転することが困難になる。このため、本実施の形態では、外気の温度が所定温度を超えたときには、室内機１１・・・からの運転要求に係わらず、複数台の室内ユニットを同時に運転する。   By the way, in the air conditioner, when the temperature of the outside air increases, the pressure of the refrigerant discharged from the compression unit of the outdoor unit becomes excessively high, and it becomes difficult to operate the compression unit according to the operation request. Therefore, in the present embodiment, when the temperature of the outside air exceeds a predetermined temperature, a plurality of indoor units are operated simultaneously regardless of the operation request from the indoor units 11.

図３は、空気調和装置１の運転の処理を示すフローチャートである。図４は、通常時における室内機１１・・・の負荷と圧縮機の運転台数との関係を示す図表である。図５は、外気温度が高い場合における室内機１１・・・の負荷と圧縮機の運転台数との関係を示す図表である。図４及び図５では、低い馬力から高い馬力に上げていく場合の関係が実線で示され、高い馬力から低い馬力に下げていく場合の関係が破線で示されている。   FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing processing of the operation of the air conditioner 1. FIG. 4 is a chart showing the relationship between the load of the indoor units 11... And the number of compressors operated during normal operation. FIG. 5 is a chart showing the relationship between the load of the indoor units 11... And the number of compressors operated when the outside air temperature is high. 4 and 5, the relationship when increasing from low horsepower to high horsepower is indicated by a solid line, and the relationship when decreasing from high horsepower to low horsepower is indicated by a broken line.

まず、制御部３０は、温度センサ２１の検出値に基づいて外気温度が４８℃を超えているか否かを判別する（ステップＳ１）。このフローチャートの処理は、空気調和装置１の起動時及び空気調和装置１の運転中に行われる。また、空気調和装置１の運転中においては、この処理は所定の時間間隔で繰り返される。
外気温度が４８℃以下の場合（ステップＳ１：Ｎｏ）、制御部３０は、センサ２８の検出値に基づいて算出される室内機１１・・・の負荷に応じて、運転する室外機の台数を１台〜３台（全台数）の中から決定する（ステップＳ２）。制御部３０は、室内機１１・・・の負荷に基づいて室外機１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃを制御するものであり、室内機１１・・・の負荷は、室内機１１・・・の運転要求である。ここで、室内機１１・・・の負荷は、例えば馬力で表される。 First, the control unit 30 determines whether or not the outside air temperature exceeds 48 ° C. based on the detection value of the temperature sensor 21 (step S1). The process of this flowchart is performed when the air conditioner 1 is activated and during operation of the air conditioner 1. Further, during the operation of the air conditioner 1, this process is repeated at a predetermined time interval.
When the outside air temperature is 48 ° C. or lower (step S1: No), the control unit 30 determines the number of outdoor units to be operated according to the load of the indoor units 11... Calculated based on the detection value of the sensor 28. It is determined from 1 to 3 units (total number) (step S2). The control unit 30 controls the outdoor units 10a, 10b, and 10c based on the load of the indoor units 11..., And the load of the indoor units 11. is there. Here, the load of the indoor units 11... Is expressed by, for example, horsepower.

制御部３０は、室内機１１・・・の負荷が小さい場合、１台の室外機を運転することを決定し、室内機１１・・・の負荷が所定の負荷よりも大きい場合には、複数台の室外機を運転することを決定する。ここで、制御部３０は、例えば、記録されている各室外機１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃの積算運転時間を参照し、積算運転時間が均一化されるように運転する室外機を決定する。
図４に示すように、負荷（運転要求）が略５馬力以下の場合は、必要な圧縮機の台数は１台であり、この運転要求は、１台の室外機を運転するという要求である。なお、負荷（運転要求）が略７．５馬力以下の場合は、必要な圧縮機の台数は２台であるが、この場合においても各室外機１０ａ，１０ｂであれば２台の圧縮機を備えるため、１台で運転要求を満たすことができる。 When the load of the indoor units 11... Is small, the control unit 30 decides to operate one outdoor unit, and when the load of the indoor units 11. Decide to operate the outdoor unit. Here, for example, the control unit 30 refers to the accumulated operation time of each recorded outdoor unit 10a, 10b, 10c, and determines the outdoor unit to be operated so as to equalize the accumulated operation time.
As shown in FIG. 4, when the load (operation request) is approximately 5 horsepower or less, the number of necessary compressors is one, and this operation request is a request to operate one outdoor unit. . In addition, when the load (operation request) is approximately 7.5 horsepower or less, the number of necessary compressors is two. However, in this case as well, if each outdoor unit 10a, 10b, two compressors are used. In order to provide, one unit can satisfy the operation request.

次いで、制御部３０は、運転する圧縮機の台数を、室内機１１・・・の上記負荷に応じて１台〜５台（全台数）の中から決定し、圧縮機を運転する（ステップＳ３）。図４を参照し、負荷が２馬力の場合、制御部３０は、１台の圧縮機を運転する。例えば、制御部３０は、室外機１０ａの圧縮機１３ａのみを運転する。
また、負荷が６馬力の場合、制御部３０は、２台の圧縮機を運転する。この場合、圧縮機１３ａ及び圧縮機３３ａのように異なる室外機１０ａ，１０ｂの圧縮機を１台ずつ運転する。また、制御部３０は、負荷が略１５馬力以上の場合、５台の圧縮機、すなわち全ての圧縮機１３ａ，１３ｂ，３３ａ，３３ｂ，４３ａを運転する。 Next, the control unit 30 determines the number of compressors to be operated from 1 to 5 units (total number) according to the load of the indoor units 11... And operates the compressor (step S3). ). Referring to FIG. 4, when the load is 2 horsepower, control unit 30 operates one compressor. For example, the control unit 30 operates only the compressor 13a of the outdoor unit 10a.
Further, when the load is 6 horsepower, the control unit 30 operates two compressors. In this case, the compressors of the different outdoor units 10a and 10b such as the compressor 13a and the compressor 33a are operated one by one. Further, when the load is approximately 15 horsepower or more, the control unit 30 operates five compressors, that is, all the compressors 13a, 13b, 33a, 33b, and 43a.

また、外気温度が４８℃を超えている場合（ステップＳ１：Ｙｅｓ）、制御部３０は、センサ２８の検出値に基づいて算出される室内機１１・・・の負荷（運転要求）に係わらず、運転する室外機の台数を３台（全台数）に決定する（ステップＳ４）。
次いで、制御部３０は、運転する圧縮機の台数を、室内機１１・・・の上記負荷に応じて３台〜５台（全台数）の中から決定し、圧縮機を運転する（ステップＳ５）。圧縮機の運転台数の下限は、室外機の全台数と同数である。
詳細には、図１及び図５を参照し、制御部３０は、負荷（運転要求）が略１１馬力以下の場合は、全部の室外機において圧縮機を１台運転する。すなわち、例えば、制御部３０は、室外機１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃの圧縮機１３ａ，３３ａ，４３ａを運転する。また、制御部３０は、負荷がさらに高い場合は、圧縮機を４台または５台運転する。 Further, when the outside air temperature exceeds 48 ° C. (step S1: Yes), the control unit 30 regardless of the load (operation request) of the indoor units 11... Calculated based on the detection value of the sensor 28. Then, the number of outdoor units to be operated is determined to be 3 (total number) (step S4).
Next, the control unit 30 determines the number of compressors to be operated from 3 to 5 units (total number) according to the load of the indoor units 11... And operates the compressor (step S5). ). The lower limit of the number of operating compressors is the same as the total number of outdoor units.
Specifically, referring to FIGS. 1 and 5, the control unit 30 operates one compressor in all outdoor units when the load (operation request) is approximately 11 horsepower or less. That is, for example, the control unit 30 operates the compressors 13a, 33a, and 43a of the outdoor units 10a, 10b, and 10c. Further, when the load is higher, the control unit 30 operates four or five compressors.

図４を参照し、外気温度が４８℃以下の通常の場合には、負荷が略９馬力以下では、圧縮機は、１台または２台で運転されるが、図５を参照し、外気温度が４８℃を超えている場合には、例えば負荷が２馬力であっても、全部の室外機１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃで圧縮機１３ａ，３３ａ，４３ａが強制的に運転される。この場合、各圧縮機１３ａ，３３ａ，４３ａは、インバータによって通常時よりも低い能力で運転される。   Referring to FIG. 4, in a normal case where the outside air temperature is 48 ° C. or less, when the load is about 9 horsepower or less, the compressor is operated with one or two compressors. When the temperature exceeds 48 ° C., for example, even if the load is 2 horsepower, the compressors 13a, 33a, 43a are forcibly operated by all the outdoor units 10a, 10b, 10c. In this case, each compressor 13a, 33a, 43a is operated by the inverter with a lower capacity than normal.

このように、全部の室外機１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃで圧縮機１３ａ，３３ａ，４３ａを運転させることで、室外機１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃの各室外熱交換器１６，１６，１６を用いることができ、冷媒を効率良く凝縮させることができる。このため、外気温度が高い状況であっても圧縮機１３ａ，３３ａ，４３ａの吐出する冷媒の高圧化を防止し、空気調和装置１を効率良く運転できる。
これに対し、例えば負荷が２馬力の場合に、通常時のように室外機１０ａの圧縮機１３ａだけを運転させた場合、他の室外機１０ｂ，１０ｃの各室外熱交換器１６，１６を用いることができず、高い外気温度に対応して冷媒を効率良く凝縮することは困難となる。 Thus, by operating the compressors 13a, 33a, 43a with all the outdoor units 10a, 10b, 10c, the outdoor heat exchangers 16, 16, 16 of the outdoor units 10a, 10b, 10c can be used. The refrigerant can be efficiently condensed. For this reason, even in a situation where the outside air temperature is high, high pressure of the refrigerant discharged from the compressors 13a, 33a, 43a can be prevented, and the air conditioner 1 can be operated efficiently.
On the other hand, for example, when the load is 2 horsepower, when only the compressor 13a of the outdoor unit 10a is operated as usual, the outdoor heat exchangers 16 and 16 of the other outdoor units 10b and 10c are used. Therefore, it is difficult to efficiently condense the refrigerant corresponding to the high outside air temperature.

また、図４及び図５に示すように、制御部３０は、室内機１１・・・の負荷の所定値に応じて室外機１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃの運転台数を増加させた後、室内機１１・・・の負荷に応じて室外機１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃの運転台数を減らす場合、上記所定値よりも負荷が所定の負荷だけ低くなってから室外機１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃの運転台数を減らす。例えば、制御部３０は、室内機１１・・・の負荷が略１２馬力（負荷の所定値）に増加したことに伴って圧縮機の運転台数を４台に増加させた後、負荷の減少に応じて圧縮機の運転台数を３台に減らす場合、負荷が上記１２馬力よりも略４馬力（所定の負荷）減って略８馬力となった際に圧縮機の運転台数を減らす。このため、圧縮機１３ａ，１３ｂ，３３ａ，３３ｂ，４３ａの運転台数のハンチングを防止できる。   4 and 5, the controller 30 increases the number of outdoor units 10a, 10b, and 10c according to a predetermined value of the load of the indoor units 11. When the number of operating units of the outdoor units 10a, 10b, and 10c is reduced according to the load of..., The number of operating units of the outdoor units 10a, 10b, and 10c is decreased after the load becomes lower than the predetermined value by a predetermined load. For example, the control unit 30 increases the number of operating compressors to four with the increase in the load of the indoor units 11... To approximately 12 horsepower (predetermined load value), and then reduces the load. Accordingly, when the number of compressors to be operated is reduced to 3, the number of compressors to be operated is reduced when the load is reduced to about 8 horsepower by reducing about 4 horsepower (predetermined load) from the above 12 horsepower. For this reason, it is possible to prevent hunting of the operating number of the compressors 13a, 13b, 33a, 33b, 43a.

図３を参照し、制御部３０は、ステップＳ３またはステップＳ５で圧縮機の運転台数を決定して圧縮機を運転開始した後、同一の室外機内で圧縮機が２台運転しているか否かを判別する（ステップＳ６）。
同一の室外機内で圧縮機が１台しか運転していない場合（ステップＳ６：Ｎｏ）、制御部３０は、所定の電流でその１台の圧縮機を運転する（ステップＳ８）。
同一の室外機１０ａ内で圧縮機が２台運転している場合（ステップＳ６：Ｙｅｓ）、制御部３０は、圧縮機１３ｂに供給する電流の周波数を、圧縮機１３ａに供給する電流の周波数よりも低くする（ステップＳ７）。圧縮機１３ｂに供給される電流の周波数は、圧縮機１３ａに供給される電流の周波数よりも例えば５Ｈｚ低い。次いで、制御部３０は、所定の電流でその２台の圧縮機を運転する（ステップＳ８）。
このように、同一の室外機１０ａ内で運転される圧縮機１３ａ，１３ｂの電流の周波数を異ならせることで、圧縮機１３ａ，１３ｂの回転数を互いに異ならせることができ、圧縮機１３ａ，１３ｂが共振することを抑制できる。なお、室外機１０ｂにおいても室外機１０ａと同様に圧縮機３３ａ，３３ｂの周波数が制御される。 Referring to FIG. 3, control unit 30 determines whether or not two compressors are operating in the same outdoor unit after determining the number of operating compressors in step S3 or step S5 and starting the operation of the compressors. Is determined (step S6).
When only one compressor is operating in the same outdoor unit (step S6: No), the control unit 30 operates the one compressor with a predetermined current (step S8).
When two compressors are operating in the same outdoor unit 10a (step S6: Yes), the control unit 30 determines the frequency of the current supplied to the compressor 13b from the frequency of the current supplied to the compressor 13a. (Step S7). The frequency of the current supplied to the compressor 13b is, for example, 5 Hz lower than the frequency of the current supplied to the compressor 13a. Next, the control unit 30 operates the two compressors with a predetermined current (step S8).
Thus, by making the frequency of the current of the compressors 13a and 13b operated in the same outdoor unit 10a different, the rotational speeds of the compressors 13a and 13b can be made different from each other, and the compressors 13a and 13b. Can be prevented from resonating. In the outdoor unit 10b, the frequencies of the compressors 33a and 33b are controlled in the same manner as the outdoor unit 10a.

また、第１基板部５１によって単独で電流が制御される圧縮機１３ａの周波数を基準に圧縮機１３ｂの周波数を低くするため、圧縮機１３ａを圧縮機１３ａに許容される電流の上限値で使用できる。すなわち、電流の上限値で使用可能な圧縮機１３ａをより高い周波数で使用できるため、圧縮機１３ａを効率良く運転できる。これに対し、圧縮機１３ｂを基準に圧縮機１３ａの周波数を低くしようとした場合、第２基板部５２には、圧縮機１３ｂ及び送風ファン１６ａの電流が合わさった電流が供給されるため、圧縮機１３ｂに供給される正確な電流が分からず、圧縮機１３ｂを圧縮機１３ｂに許容される電流の上限値で使用することはできない。   Further, in order to lower the frequency of the compressor 13b based on the frequency of the compressor 13a whose current is controlled by the first substrate unit 51 alone, the compressor 13a is used at the upper limit value of the current allowed for the compressor 13a. it can. That is, since the compressor 13a that can be used with the upper limit value of the current can be used at a higher frequency, the compressor 13a can be operated efficiently. On the other hand, when trying to lower the frequency of the compressor 13a with respect to the compressor 13b, the second substrate 52 is supplied with a current that is the sum of the currents of the compressor 13b and the blower fan 16a. The exact current supplied to the compressor 13b is unknown, and the compressor 13b cannot be used at the upper limit value of the current allowed for the compressor 13b.

以上説明したように、本発明を適用した実施の形態によれば、空気調和装置１は、複数台の室外機１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃに複数台の室内機１１・・・を接続し、室内機１１・・・の負荷に応じて、室外機１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃの運転台数を制御し、１台の室外機の運転要求が出力され、かつ、外気温度が所定温度である４８℃を超えたときには、運転要求に係わらず、複数台の室外機１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃを同時に運転する制御部３０を備える。これにより、外気温度が４８℃を超えたときには、１台の室外機の運転要求が出力されていても、運転要求に係わらず複数台の室外機１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃが同時に運転されるため、複数の室外機１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃの室外熱交換器１６，１６，１６によって熱交換できる。このため、外気温度が高い状況であっても圧縮機の吐出する冷媒の高圧化を防止し、空気調和装置１を効率良く運転できる。   As described above, according to the embodiment to which the present invention is applied, the air conditioner 1 connects a plurality of indoor units 11... To a plurality of outdoor units 10 a, 10 b, 10 c, and The number of operating outdoor units 10a, 10b, 10c is controlled according to the load of 11..., An operation request for one outdoor unit is output, and the outside air temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature of 48 ° C. In some cases, a control unit 30 that simultaneously operates a plurality of outdoor units 10a, 10b, and 10c regardless of an operation request is provided. Thereby, when the outdoor temperature exceeds 48 ° C., even if an operation request for one outdoor unit is output, a plurality of outdoor units 10a, 10b, and 10c are operated simultaneously regardless of the operation request. Heat can be exchanged by the outdoor heat exchangers 16, 16, and 16 of the plurality of outdoor units 10a, 10b, and 10c. For this reason, even if the outside air temperature is high, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor is prevented from being increased in pressure, and the air conditioner 1 can be operated efficiently.

また、各室外機１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃが１台又は複数台の圧縮機１３ａ，１３ｂ，圧縮機３３ａ，３３ｂ及び圧縮機４３ａを搭載し、制御部３０は、１台の室外機の運転要求が出力され、かつ、外気温度が４８℃を超えたときには、複数台の室外機１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃの圧縮機１３ａ，３３ａ，４３ａを少なくとも１台ずつ同時に運転する。このため、複数台の室外機１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃによって熱交換でき、空気調和装置１を効率良く運転できる。
また、制御部３０は、室外機１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃの台数と同数の圧縮機の運転台数を下限として、室内機１１・・・の負荷に応じて、圧縮機１３ａ，１３ｂ，３３ａ，３３ｂ，４３ａの運転台数を制御するため、複数台の室外機１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃによって熱交換でき、空気調和装置１を効率良く運転できる。 Moreover, each outdoor unit 10a, 10b, 10c is equipped with one or a plurality of compressors 13a, 13b, compressors 33a, 33b, and a compressor 43a, and the control unit 30 has an operation request for one outdoor unit. When it is output and the outside air temperature exceeds 48 ° C., at least one compressor 13a, 33a, 43a of the plurality of outdoor units 10a, 10b, 10c is operated simultaneously. For this reason, heat exchange can be performed by the plurality of outdoor units 10a, 10b, and 10c, and the air conditioner 1 can be operated efficiently.
Further, the control unit 30 sets the compressors 13a, 13b, 33a, 33b, and the compressors 13a, 13b, 33b, 33b, depending on the load of the indoor units 11. Since the number of operating units 43a is controlled, heat can be exchanged by the plurality of outdoor units 10a, 10b, 10c, and the air conditioner 1 can be operated efficiently.

さらに、室内機１１・・・の負荷の所定値に応じて圧縮機１３ａ，１３ｂ，３３ａ，３３ｂ，４３ａの運転台数を増加させた後、室内機１１・・・の負荷に応じて圧縮機１３ａ，１３ｂ，３３ａ，３３ｂ，４３ａの運転台数を減らす場合、所定値よりも負荷が所定の負荷だけ低くなってから圧縮機の運転台数を減らす。このため、圧縮機１３ａ，１３ｂ，３３ａ，３３ｂ，４３ａの運転台数が頻繁に変更されることを防止でき、空気調和装置１を効率良く運転できる。   Further, after increasing the number of operating compressors 13a, 13b, 33a, 33b, 43a according to a predetermined value of the load of the indoor units 11..., The compressor 13a according to the load of the indoor units 11. , 13b, 33a, 33b, 43a, the number of compressors to be operated is reduced after the load becomes lower than the predetermined value by a predetermined load. For this reason, it can prevent that the operating number of compressor 13a, 13b, 33a, 33b, 43a changes frequently, and can operate the air conditioning apparatus 1 efficiently.

また、制御部３０は、１台の室外機１０ａにおいて複数台の圧縮機１３ａ，１３ｂが同時に運転するとき、各圧縮機１３ａ，１３ｂの運転周波数をずらして運転制御するため、１台の室外機１０ａの複数台の圧縮機１３ａ，１３ｂが共振することを効果的に防止できる。
また、１台の室外機１０ａの第１基板部５１及び第２基板部５２において、一方の圧縮機１３ｂが送風ファン１６ａと共に電流制御され、他方の圧縮機１３ａが単独で電流制御され、制御部３０は、一方の圧縮機１３ｂの運転周波数を他方の圧縮機１３ａの運転周波数より低くして、運転制御する。これにより、一方の圧縮機１３ｂ及び送風ファン１６ａ用の第２基板部５２の構成を簡略化できるとともに、単独で電流制御されて電流の上限値で使用可能な他方の圧縮機１３ａをより高い周波数で使用でき、圧縮機１３ａを効率良く運転しながら共振を防止できる。 In addition, when the plurality of compressors 13a and 13b are simultaneously operated in one outdoor unit 10a, the control unit 30 controls the operation by shifting the operation frequency of each of the compressors 13a and 13b. It is possible to effectively prevent the plurality of compressors 13a and 13b of 10a from resonating.
Moreover, in the 1st board | substrate part 51 and the 2nd board | substrate part 52 of the one outdoor unit 10a, one compressor 13b is current-controlled with the ventilation fan 16a, and the other compressor 13a is independently current-controlled, and a control part 30 controls operation by setting the operation frequency of one compressor 13b to be lower than the operation frequency of the other compressor 13a. Thereby, while being able to simplify the structure of the one board | substrate 13b and the 2nd board | substrate part 52 for the ventilation fans 16a, the other compressor 13a by which current control is carried out independently and can be used with the upper limit of an electric current has a higher frequency. Resonance can be prevented while operating the compressor 13a efficiently.

なお、上記実施の形態は本発明を適用した一態様を示すものであって、本発明は上記実施の形態に限定されるものではない。
上記実施の形態では、１台の室外機の運転要求が出力され、かつ、外気温度が所定温度である４８℃を超えたときには、運転要求に係わらず、全部（３台）の室外機１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃを同時に運転するものとして説明したが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。例えば、１台の室外機の運転要求が出力され、かつ、外気温度が所定温度である４８℃を超えたときには、運転要求よりも多い複数台（２台）の室外機を運転する構成としても良い。 In addition, the said embodiment shows the one aspect | mode which applied this invention, Comprising: This invention is not limited to the said embodiment.
In the above embodiment, when an operation request for one outdoor unit is output and the outside air temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature of 48 ° C., all (three) outdoor units 10a, Although 10b and 10c were demonstrated as what drive | operates simultaneously, this invention is not limited to this. For example, when an operation request for one outdoor unit is output and the outside air temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature of 48 ° C., a plurality of (two) outdoor units that are more than the operation request may be operated. good.

１ 空気調和装置
１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃ 室外機
１１・・・ 室内機
１３ａ，１３ｂ，３３ａ，３３ｂ，４３ａ 圧縮機
１６ａ 送風ファン（送風機）
３０ 制御部
５１ 第１基板部（基板）
５２ 第２基板部（基板） DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Air conditioning apparatus 10a, 10b, 10c Outdoor unit 11 ... Indoor unit 13a, 13b, 33a, 33b, 43a Compressor 16a Blower fan (blower)
30 Control part 51 1st board | substrate part (board | substrate)
52 Second substrate section (substrate)

Claims (6)

複数台の室外機に複数台の室内機を接続し、前記室内機の負荷に応じて、前記室外機の運転台数を制御する空気調和装置において、
１台の室外機の運転要求が出力され、かつ、前記室外機の温度センサによる外気温度が所定温度を超えたときには、当該運転要求に係わらず、複数台の室外機を同時に運転する制御部を備え、
前記制御部は、前記外気温度が所定温度以下の通常時は、室内の空調負荷を検出するセンサの検出に基づく運転要求に応じて、運転する前記室外機の台数を決定し、
前記制御部は、前記外気温度が前記所定温度を超えたときは、運転する前記室外機の台数を前記通常時よりも増やすことを特徴とする空気調和装置。 In an air conditioner for connecting a plurality of indoor units to a plurality of outdoor units, and controlling the number of operating outdoor units according to the load of the indoor units,
When a request for operation of one outdoor unit is output and the outside air temperature by the temperature sensor of the outdoor unit exceeds a predetermined temperature, a control unit that simultaneously operates a plurality of outdoor units regardless of the operation request. Prepared ,
The control unit determines the number of outdoor units to be operated in response to an operation request based on detection of a sensor that detects an indoor air conditioning load during normal times when the outside air temperature is equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature.
When the outside air temperature exceeds the predetermined temperature, the control unit increases the number of the outdoor units to be operated as compared with the normal time . 各室外機が１台又は複数台の圧縮機を搭載し、
前記制御部は、１台の室外機の運転要求が出力され、かつ、外気温度が所定温度を超えたときには、前記複数台の室外機の圧縮機を少なくとも１台ずつ同時に運転することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の空気調和装置。 Each outdoor unit is equipped with one or more compressors,
When the operation request for one outdoor unit is output and the outside air temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature, the control unit simultaneously operates at least one of the compressors of the plurality of outdoor units at a time. The air conditioning apparatus according to claim 1. 前記制御部は、前記室外機の台数と同数の前記圧縮機の運転台数を下限として、前記室内機の負荷に応じて、前記圧縮機の運転台数を制御することを特徴とする請求項２に記載の空気調和装置。   3. The control unit according to claim 2, wherein the controller controls the number of operating compressors according to a load of the indoor unit, with a lower limit of the number of operating compressors equal to the number of the outdoor units. The air conditioning apparatus described. 前記室内機の負荷の所定値に応じて前記圧縮機の運転台数を増加させた後、前記室内機の負荷に応じて前記圧縮機の運転台数を減らす場合、前記所定値よりも前記負荷が所定の負荷だけ低くなってから前記圧縮機の運転台数を減らすことを特徴とする請求項１乃至３の何れか一項に記載の空気調和装置。   After increasing the number of operating compressors according to a predetermined value of the load of the indoor unit, when reducing the number of operating compressors according to the load of the indoor unit, the load is predetermined than the predetermined value. The air conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the number of operating compressors is reduced after the load of the compressor is reduced. 前記制御部は、１台の室外機において複数台の圧縮機が同時に運転するとき、各圧縮機の運転周波数をずらして運転制御することを特徴とする請求項１乃至４の何れか一項に記載の空気調和装置。   5. The control unit according to claim 1, wherein when a plurality of compressors operate simultaneously in one outdoor unit, the control unit performs operation control by shifting an operation frequency of each compressor. 6. The air conditioning apparatus described. １台の室外機の基板において、一方の圧縮機が送風機と共に電流制御され、他方の圧縮機が単独で電流制御され、
前記制御部は、前記一方の圧縮機の運転周波数を前記他方の圧縮機の運転周波数より低くして、運転制御することを特徴とする請求項５に記載の空気調和装置。 In the substrate of one outdoor unit, one compressor is current-controlled with the blower, and the other compressor is current-controlled alone,
The air conditioner according to claim 5, wherein the control unit controls the operation by setting an operation frequency of the one compressor lower than an operation frequency of the other compressor.
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