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JP6298992B2 - Air conditioner - Google Patents

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JP6298992B2
JP6298992B2 JP2015522547A JP2015522547A JP6298992B2 JP 6298992 B2 JP6298992 B2 JP 6298992B2 JP 2015522547 A JP2015522547 A JP 2015522547A JP 2015522547 A JP2015522547 A JP 2015522547A JP 6298992 B2 JP6298992 B2 JP 6298992B2
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outdoor
heat exchanger
air conditioner
refrigerant
auxiliary
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JPWO2014203500A1 (en
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川邉　義和
義和 川邉
藤高　章
章 藤高
一彦 丸本
一彦 丸本
広田　正宣
正宣 広田
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Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F24F1/06—Separate outdoor units, e.g. outdoor unit to be linked to a separate room comprising a compressor and a heat exchanger
    • F24F1/26—Refrigerant piping
    • F24F1/30—Refrigerant piping for use inside the separate outdoor units
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F24F1/06—Separate outdoor units, e.g. outdoor unit to be linked to a separate room comprising a compressor and a heat exchanger
    • F24F1/14—Heat exchangers specially adapted for separate outdoor units
    • F24F1/16—Arrangement or mounting thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/41—Defrosting; Preventing freezing
    • F24F11/42—Defrosting; Preventing freezing of outdoor units
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/025—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units
    • F25B2313/0254—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units in series arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/17—Size reduction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
    • F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
    • F25B47/022—Defrosting cycles hot gas defrosting
    • F25B47/025—Defrosting cycles hot gas defrosting by reversing the cycle

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)

Description

本発明は、冷媒を用いて冷凍・ヒートポンプサイクルを構成し冷暖房を行う空気調和機の性能向上のための技術に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a technique for improving the performance of an air conditioner that uses a refrigerant to constitute a refrigeration / heat pump cycle and performs air conditioning.

近年、地球温暖化が大きな問題となり、空気調和機の性能向上に対する要求が厳しくなってきている。また、温暖化係数の低い冷媒を使用しようという動きが顕著になっており、ハイドロフルオロカーボン（ＨＦＣ）の代替冷媒として、自然冷媒や、炭素と炭素間に２重結合を有するハイドロフルオロオレフィン（ＨＦＯ）などの冷媒が注目されている。   In recent years, global warming has become a major problem, and demands for improving the performance of air conditioners have become stricter. In addition, the movement to use refrigerants with low global warming potential has become prominent. Natural refrigerants and hydrofluoroolefins (HFO) having a double bond between carbon and carbon are used as alternative refrigerants for hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs). Refrigerants such as are attracting attention.

しかし、冷媒にＨＦＯの一種であるＲ１２３４ｙｆを用いた場合は、圧力損失が大きいため、室内機と室外機が離れて設置されるセパレート型のエアコンには不向きである。冷媒にＲ１５２ａや炭化水素を用いた場合は、可燃性への対応が性能の低下やコスト増大をまねく。冷媒に二酸化炭素を用いた場合は、性能の低下が大きく実用的な性能を得るのが困難である。   However, when R1234yf which is a kind of HFO is used as the refrigerant, the pressure loss is large, so that it is not suitable for a separate type air conditioner in which the indoor unit and the outdoor unit are installed apart. When R152a or a hydrocarbon is used as the refrigerant, the response to combustibility leads to a decrease in performance and an increase in cost. When carbon dioxide is used as the refrigerant, the performance is greatly lowered and it is difficult to obtain practical performance.

そこで、早期に地球温暖化係数（ＧＷＰ）の低い冷媒に転換するために、セパレート型のエアコンではＲ３２が普及しつつある。   Therefore, in order to quickly convert to a refrigerant with a low global warming potential (GWP), R32 is becoming popular in separate type air conditioners.

一般的な空気調和機は、基本的に圧縮機、四方弁、室外熱交換器、膨張弁、室内熱交換器を連環して、冷凍・ヒートポンプサイクルを構成している。送風ファンによって、室外の空気は室外熱交換器に、室内の空気は室内熱交換器にそれぞれ供給されて、冷房または暖房の空気調和を行う。   A general air conditioner basically includes a compressor, a four-way valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, an expansion valve, and an indoor heat exchanger to constitute a refrigeration / heat pump cycle. Outdoor air is supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger and indoor air is supplied to the indoor heat exchanger by the blower fan, and air conditioning for cooling or heating is performed.

このような空気調和機の性能を向上させるため、圧縮機、送風機、および熱交換器の性能向上に対する様々な取組みが行われている。   In order to improve the performance of such an air conditioner, various efforts have been made to improve the performance of compressors, blowers, and heat exchangers.

このような取組みにおいて、室外サブクール熱交換器を設けて性能向上を図る空気調和機が提案されている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。   In such an approach, an air conditioner has been proposed in which an outdoor subcool heat exchanger is provided to improve performance (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

図４は、特許文献１に開示された従来の空気調和機の概略構成を示している。室内熱交換器２、室内送風機３を備えた室内機１と、圧縮機５、四方弁６、室外熱交換器７、膨張弁８、アキュムレータ９、室外送風機１０を備えた室外機４とが配管で連環されている。冷房運転では、冷媒は矢印１３の向きに流れるが、暖房運転では四方弁６が切替えられて冷媒は矢印１４の向きに流れる。   FIG. 4 shows a schematic configuration of a conventional air conditioner disclosed in Patent Document 1. The indoor unit 1 including the indoor heat exchanger 2 and the indoor blower 3, and the outdoor unit 4 including the compressor 5, the four-way valve 6, the outdoor heat exchanger 7, the expansion valve 8, the accumulator 9, and the outdoor fan 10 are piped. It is connected with. In the cooling operation, the refrigerant flows in the direction of the arrow 13, but in the heating operation, the four-way valve 6 is switched and the refrigerant flows in the direction of the arrow 14.

更にこの空気調和機は、室外熱交換器７と膨張弁８の間に、室外サブクール熱交換器２１が接続され、室外熱交換器７の風上側に配置されている。   Further, in this air conditioner, an outdoor subcool heat exchanger 21 is connected between the outdoor heat exchanger 7 and the expansion valve 8, and is arranged on the windward side of the outdoor heat exchanger 7.

特開２０００−２０５６７３号公報JP 2000-205673 A

しかしながら、特許文献１に記載されている上記構成では、室外熱交換器７の外側に室外サブクール熱交換器２１を配置しないと効果がないので、室外サブクール熱交換器２１の分だけ外側に室外機４が大きくなる。室外熱交換器７と室外サブクール熱交換器２１とが一体に構成されている場合であっても室外機４が大きくなっていることに変わりはない。なお、最近の傾向では、室外熱交換器７に室外サブクール熱交換器２１が元々組込まれている場合が多く、室外サブクール熱交換器２１を新たに追加することは困難である。   However, in the above-described configuration described in Patent Document 1, there is no effect unless the outdoor subcool heat exchanger 21 is arranged outside the outdoor heat exchanger 7, so that the outdoor unit is arranged outside the outdoor subcool heat exchanger 21. 4 becomes larger. Even when the outdoor heat exchanger 7 and the outdoor subcool heat exchanger 21 are configured integrally, the outdoor unit 4 remains the same. In recent trends, the outdoor subcool heat exchanger 21 is often originally incorporated in the outdoor heat exchanger 7, and it is difficult to newly add the outdoor subcool heat exchanger 21.

また、空気調和機の性能向上のための他の取組みとして、熱交換器の投入量を増やすという方法が提案されている。「投入量を増やす」とは、熱交換器に使用している銅管やアルミフィンの量を増やすことを意味し、熱交換器の前面（開口）面積を大きくしたり、流れ方向における熱交換器の列数を増やすという仕様変更がなされることが多い。   As another approach for improving the performance of the air conditioner, a method of increasing the input amount of the heat exchanger has been proposed. “Increasing the amount of input” means increasing the amount of copper tubes and aluminum fins used in the heat exchanger, increasing the front (opening) area of the heat exchanger, and heat exchange in the flow direction. In many cases, the specification is changed to increase the number of rows of containers.

しかしながら、熱交換器の前面（開口）面積を大きくする方法は、性能の向上は大きいが、装置自体が大きくなってしまう。熱交換器の列数を増やす方法は、投入量の増加の割に性能の向上は小さい。   However, the method of increasing the front (opening) area of the heat exchanger greatly improves the performance, but the apparatus itself becomes large. In the method of increasing the number of rows of heat exchangers, the performance improvement is small for the increase in the input amount.

これらの従来の課題を解決するために、本発明の空気調和機は、圧縮機、四方弁、室外熱交換器、膨張弁、室外送風機を有する室外機と、室内熱交換器を有する室内機とを連環して冷媒を循環させ、蒸気圧縮式の冷凍サイクルあるいはヒートポンプサイクルを構成し、冷暖房を行う空気調和機であって、室外熱交換器と室外送風機との間に位置し、かつ四方弁と室外熱交換器との間に接続される補助熱交換手段を備えた構成としてある。   In order to solve these conventional problems, an air conditioner of the present invention includes a compressor, a four-way valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, an expansion valve, an outdoor unit having an outdoor fan, and an indoor unit having an indoor heat exchanger. An air conditioner that circulates refrigerant and circulates refrigerant to form a vapor compression refrigeration cycle or heat pump cycle, and performs air conditioning, located between the outdoor heat exchanger and the outdoor blower, and a four-way valve The auxiliary heat exchange means connected between the outdoor heat exchanger is provided.

これにより、室外熱交換器を大きくすることなく、室外熱交換器を大きくすることと同様の性能向上効果を得ることができる。すなわち、補助熱交換手段は四方弁と室外熱交換器との間に接続されているので、補助熱交換手段における冷媒は、冷房時においては室外熱交換器を流れる冷媒よりも温度が高く、暖房時においては室外熱交換器を流れる冷媒よりも温度が低い。これにより、室外熱交換器と室外送風機との間に補助熱交換手段が配置されても、補助熱交換手段は空気と熱交換することができる。   Thereby, the performance improvement effect similar to enlarging an outdoor heat exchanger can be acquired, without enlarging an outdoor heat exchanger. That is, since the auxiliary heat exchanging means is connected between the four-way valve and the outdoor heat exchanger, the refrigerant in the auxiliary heat exchanging means has a higher temperature than the refrigerant flowing through the outdoor heat exchanger during cooling. Sometimes the temperature is lower than the refrigerant flowing through the outdoor heat exchanger. Thereby, even if an auxiliary heat exchange means is arrange | positioned between an outdoor heat exchanger and an outdoor air blower, an auxiliary heat exchange means can exchange heat with air.

従って、室外機の外形を大きくすることなく、室外熱交換器の能力を補助することができ、小型で性能の良い空気調和機を提供することができる。   Therefore, the capacity of the outdoor heat exchanger can be assisted without increasing the outer shape of the outdoor unit, and a small and high-performance air conditioner can be provided.

本発明は、室外機の外形を大きくすることなく、室外熱交換器の能力を補助することができるので、小型で性能の良い空気調和機を提供することができる。   Since this invention can assist the capability of an outdoor heat exchanger, without enlarging the external shape of an outdoor unit, a small and highly efficient air conditioner can be provided.

図１は、本発明の実施の形態１における空気調和機の構成図である。FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an air conditioner according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. 図２は、同実施の形態１における室外補助熱交換器を説明するための斜視図である。FIG. 2 is a perspective view for explaining the outdoor auxiliary heat exchanger in the first embodiment. 図３は、同実施の形態１における室外補助熱交換器の断面図である。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the outdoor auxiliary heat exchanger in the first embodiment. 図４は、従来の空気調和機の構成図である。FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a conventional air conditioner.

第１の発明は、圧縮機、四方弁、室外熱交換器、膨張弁、室外送風機を有する室外機と室内熱交換器を有する室内機とを連環して冷媒を循環させ、蒸気圧縮式の冷凍サイクルあるいはヒートポンプサイクルを構成し、冷暖房を行う空気調和機であって、室外熱交換器と室外送風機との間に位置し、四方弁と室外熱交換器との間に接続される補助熱交換手段を備えた構成としたものである。   A first invention is a vapor compression refrigeration in which a refrigerant is circulated by connecting an outdoor unit having a compressor, a four-way valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, an expansion valve, and an outdoor fan and an indoor unit having an indoor heat exchanger. Auxiliary heat exchanging means that is an air conditioner that constitutes a cycle or a heat pump cycle and performs air conditioning, and is located between the outdoor heat exchanger and the outdoor blower and connected between the four-way valve and the outdoor heat exchanger It is set as the structure provided with.

この構成により、補助熱交換手段は四方弁と室外熱交換器との間に接続されているので、補助熱交換手段における冷媒は、冷房時は室外熱交換器を流れる冷媒よりも温度が高く、暖房時は室外熱交換器を流れる冷媒よりも温度が低い。これにより、室外熱交換器と室外送風機との間に補助熱交換手段が配置されても、補助熱交換手段は空気と熱交換することができる。   With this configuration, since the auxiliary heat exchange means is connected between the four-way valve and the outdoor heat exchanger, the refrigerant in the auxiliary heat exchange means has a higher temperature than the refrigerant flowing through the outdoor heat exchanger during cooling, During heating, the temperature is lower than the refrigerant flowing through the outdoor heat exchanger. Thereby, even if an auxiliary heat exchange means is arrange | positioned between an outdoor heat exchanger and an outdoor air blower, an auxiliary heat exchange means can exchange heat with air.

以上より、室外機の外形を大きくすることなく、室外熱交換器の能力を補助することができる。従って、小型で性能の良い空気調和機を提供することができる。   As described above, the capacity of the outdoor heat exchanger can be assisted without increasing the outer shape of the outdoor unit. Therefore, a small and high performance air conditioner can be provided.

第２の発明は、第１の発明において、補助熱交換手段が銅管で構成されているものである。   According to a second invention, in the first invention, the auxiliary heat exchange means is formed of a copper tube.

これにより、補助熱交換手段を安価に構成にすることができる。従って、安価な構成で目的を達成する空気調和機を提供することができる。   Thereby, an auxiliary | assistant heat exchange means can be comprised at low cost. Therefore, an air conditioner that achieves the object with an inexpensive configuration can be provided.

第３の発明は、第２の発明において、銅管の少なくとも一部にフィンを備えたものである。   According to a third invention, in the second invention, a fin is provided on at least a part of the copper tube.

これにより、補助熱交換手段の熱交換性能を向上させることができる。従って、さらに性能の良い空気調和機を提供することができる。   Thereby, the heat exchange performance of the auxiliary heat exchange means can be improved. Therefore, an air conditioner with better performance can be provided.

第４の発明は、第１の発明において、室外機は、暖房運転時に生じる凝縮水を排出するドレン排水口を備えた底板を有し、補助熱交換手段の少なくとも一部が、底板に接触するものである。   In a fourth aspect based on the first aspect, the outdoor unit has a bottom plate provided with a drain outlet for discharging condensed water generated during heating operation, and at least a part of the auxiliary heat exchange means contacts the bottom plate. Is.

これにより、底板からの放熱あるいは吸熱を促進するとともに、暖房期に除霜運転を行う際、ドレン排水口を備えた底板を加熱することができる。従って、暖房期のドレン排水口における氷結を防ぎ、暖房性能の高い空気調和機を提供することができる。   Thereby, while radiating from a baseplate or heat absorption is accelerated | stimulated, when performing a defrost operation in a heating period, the baseplate provided with the drain outlet can be heated. Therefore, freezing at the drain outlet during the heating period can be prevented, and an air conditioner with high heating performance can be provided.

第５の発明は、第４の発明において、膨張弁と室外熱交換器とを接続する配管は、室外熱交器の下部に配置されている伝熱管と接続されている構成である。   According to a fifth invention, in the fourth invention, the pipe connecting the expansion valve and the outdoor heat exchanger is connected to a heat transfer tube disposed at a lower portion of the outdoor heat exchanger.

これにより、暖房あるいは冷房の通常運転時に、室外熱交換器と膨張弁とを接続する配管は相対的に外気温度に近く、補助熱交換手段に当る風が相対的に外気温度に近くなり、補助熱交換器の熱交換量を増加させることができる。従って、補助熱交換手段の性能を最大限に引き出すことができる。   As a result, during normal operation of heating or cooling, the piping connecting the outdoor heat exchanger and the expansion valve is relatively close to the outside air temperature, and the wind hitting the auxiliary heat exchange means is relatively close to the outside air temperature, The heat exchange amount of the heat exchanger can be increased. Therefore, the performance of the auxiliary heat exchange means can be maximized.

第６の発明は、第１の発明において、冷媒にＲ３２を使用したものである。   A sixth invention uses R32 as the refrigerant in the first invention.

Ｒ３２は、圧縮機の吐出温度が高いという物性を有しており、室外熱交換器の温度と補助熱交換手段の温度の温度差が、他の冷媒を用いた場合と比べて大きく放熱しやすい。従って、補助熱交換手段によって、容易に性能向上させることができる。   R32 has a physical property that the discharge temperature of the compressor is high, and the temperature difference between the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger and the temperature of the auxiliary heat exchange means is large and easily radiates heat compared to the case where other refrigerants are used. . Therefore, the performance can be easily improved by the auxiliary heat exchange means.

以下、本発明の実施の形態について、図面を参照しながら説明する。なお、この実施の形態によって本発明が限定されるものではない。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

（実施の形態１）
図１は、本発明の実施の形態１における空気調和機の構成図を示すものである。(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 shows a configuration diagram of an air conditioner according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

図１に示すように、空気調和機は、室内熱交換器２、室内送風機３を備えた室内機１と、圧縮機５、四方弁６、室外熱交換器７、膨張弁８、アキュムレータ９、室外送風機１０、室外補助熱交換器１１を備えた室外機４とを配管で連環して空気調和機を構成している。より具体的には、この空気調和機は、室内機１と、室外機４とを備えている。室内機１は、室内熱交換器２、室内送風機３を備えている。室外機４は、圧縮機５、四方弁６、室外熱交換器７、膨張弁８、アキュムレータ９、室外送風機１０、室外補助熱交換器１１を備えている。そして、室内熱交換器２、圧縮機５、四方弁６、室外熱交換器７、膨張弁８、アキュムレータ９、室外補助熱交換器１１を配管で連環している。   As shown in FIG. 1, the air conditioner includes an indoor unit 1 including an indoor heat exchanger 2 and an indoor blower 3, a compressor 5, a four-way valve 6, an outdoor heat exchanger 7, an expansion valve 8, an accumulator 9, The outdoor fan 10 and the outdoor unit 4 provided with the outdoor auxiliary heat exchanger 11 are connected by piping to form an air conditioner. More specifically, this air conditioner includes an indoor unit 1 and an outdoor unit 4. The indoor unit 1 includes an indoor heat exchanger 2 and an indoor blower 3. The outdoor unit 4 includes a compressor 5, a four-way valve 6, an outdoor heat exchanger 7, an expansion valve 8, an accumulator 9, an outdoor blower 10, and an outdoor auxiliary heat exchanger 11. And the indoor heat exchanger 2, the compressor 5, the four-way valve 6, the outdoor heat exchanger 7, the expansion valve 8, the accumulator 9, and the outdoor auxiliary heat exchanger 11 are connected with piping.

このような冷凍サイクル回路において、四方弁６と室外熱交換器７との間に補助熱交換手段である室外補助熱交換器１１が備えられている。また、空気の流れに関し、室外補助熱交換器１１は、室外熱交換器７と室外送風機１０との間に設けられている。室外補助熱交換器１１は、室外熱交換器７に対して、空気流れ方向において下流側に設けられている。   In such a refrigeration cycle circuit, an outdoor auxiliary heat exchanger 11 as auxiliary heat exchanging means is provided between the four-way valve 6 and the outdoor heat exchanger 7. Regarding the air flow, the outdoor auxiliary heat exchanger 11 is provided between the outdoor heat exchanger 7 and the outdoor blower 10. The outdoor auxiliary heat exchanger 11 is provided downstream of the outdoor heat exchanger 7 in the air flow direction.

図１では、四方弁６は冷房運転時の状態（除霜運転時の状態も含む）を示している。上記構成において、冷媒は圧縮機５で高温高圧に圧縮され、四方弁６を経て室外補助熱交換器１１を通り、室外熱交換器７を通る間に室外送風機１０によって運ばれる外気と熱交換して凝縮し液冷媒となる。そして、室外機４からは加熱された排気１２が排出される。   In FIG. 1, the four-way valve 6 shows a state during cooling operation (including a state during defrosting operation). In the above configuration, the refrigerant is compressed to high temperature and high pressure by the compressor 5, passes through the outdoor auxiliary heat exchanger 11 through the four-way valve 6, and exchanges heat with the outside air carried by the outdoor blower 10 while passing through the outdoor heat exchanger 7. And condensed into liquid refrigerant. Then, the heated exhaust 12 is discharged from the outdoor unit 4.

液状態となった冷媒は膨張弁８において減圧膨張し、気液二相状態で室内機１へ送られる。冷媒は、室内熱交換器２で蒸発し、室内送風機３によって運ばれる室内空気を冷却する。そして、冷えた空気が室内へ排出されることで、室内が冷房される。   The refrigerant in a liquid state expands under reduced pressure at the expansion valve 8 and is sent to the indoor unit 1 in a gas-liquid two-phase state. The refrigerant evaporates in the indoor heat exchanger 2 and cools indoor air carried by the indoor blower 3. The room is cooled by discharging the cooled air into the room.

室外補助熱交換器１１は、四方弁６と室外熱交換器７の間に接続されているので、室外サブクール熱交換器２１が凝縮した冷媒を冷却する従来の構成（図４参照）と違い、圧縮機５から吐出された過熱域の冷媒を冷却する。   Since the outdoor auxiliary heat exchanger 11 is connected between the four-way valve 6 and the outdoor heat exchanger 7, the outdoor subcool heat exchanger 21 is different from a conventional configuration (see FIG. 4) that cools the condensed refrigerant. The refrigerant in the superheated area discharged from the compressor 5 is cooled.

このため、室外補助熱交換器１１における冷媒の温度は、室外熱交換器７における冷媒の凝縮温度よりも高く、室外熱交換器７と室外送風機１０の間に室外補助熱交換器１１が配置されても放熱することが可能である。   For this reason, the temperature of the refrigerant in the outdoor auxiliary heat exchanger 11 is higher than the condensation temperature of the refrigerant in the outdoor heat exchanger 7, and the outdoor auxiliary heat exchanger 11 is disposed between the outdoor heat exchanger 7 and the outdoor fan 10. However, it is possible to dissipate heat.

従って、室外機４の外形を大きくすることなく、室外熱交換器７の能力を補助することができ、小型で性能の良い空気調和機を提供することができる。   Therefore, the capacity of the outdoor heat exchanger 7 can be assisted without increasing the outer shape of the outdoor unit 4, and a small and high-performance air conditioner can be provided.

冷房運転では、冷媒は矢印１３の方向に流れるが、暖房運転では四方弁６が切替えられて冷媒は矢印１４の方向に流れる。   In the cooling operation, the refrigerant flows in the direction of the arrow 13, but in the heating operation, the four-way valve 6 is switched and the refrigerant flows in the direction of the arrow 14.

暖房運転では、室内熱交換器２が凝縮器、室外熱交換器７が蒸発器となる。そして、室外補助熱交換器１１における冷媒の温度は、室外熱交換器７における冷媒の蒸発温度よりも低く、室外熱交換器７と室外送風機１０の間に配置されても吸熱することが可能である。   In the heating operation, the indoor heat exchanger 2 is a condenser, and the outdoor heat exchanger 7 is an evaporator. And the temperature of the refrigerant | coolant in the outdoor auxiliary heat exchanger 11 is lower than the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant | coolant in the outdoor heat exchanger 7, and even if it arrange | positions between the outdoor heat exchanger 7 and the outdoor air blower 10, it can absorb heat. is there.

従って、暖房運転時においても、小型で性能の良い空気調和機を提供することができる。   Therefore, a small and high performance air conditioner can be provided even during heating operation.

図２は、室外補助熱交換器１１の構造および配置の例を示す斜視図である。室外熱交換器７は、平板状のフィン７ａと、フィン７ａを貫通する伝熱管７ｂとを備えた、フィンアンドチューブ式の熱交換器である。   FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of the structure and arrangement of the outdoor auxiliary heat exchanger 11. The outdoor heat exchanger 7 is a fin-and-tube heat exchanger provided with flat fins 7a and heat transfer tubes 7b penetrating the fins 7a.

図２に示すように、室外補助熱交換器１１は、フィン１１ａを備えた上部銅管１６と、室外機４の底板１８と接触するように配置された下部銅管１７で構成されている。下部銅管１７は、上部銅管１６の鉛直下方に配置され、フィン１１ａを備えていない銅管である。フィン１１ａは、アルミニウムまたはアルミニウム合金で構成されている。   As shown in FIG. 2, the outdoor auxiliary heat exchanger 11 includes an upper copper tube 16 provided with fins 11 a and a lower copper tube 17 disposed so as to contact the bottom plate 18 of the outdoor unit 4. The lower copper pipe 17 is a copper pipe that is disposed vertically below the upper copper pipe 16 and does not include the fins 11a. The fin 11a is made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.

上部銅管１６の一端と、下部銅管１７の一端は、Ｕ字状の銅管で接続されている。上部銅管１６の他端は、四方弁６に配管で接続されている。下部銅管１７の他端は、室外熱交換器７に接続されている。   One end of the upper copper tube 16 and one end of the lower copper tube 17 are connected by a U-shaped copper tube. The other end of the upper copper pipe 16 is connected to the four-way valve 6 by piping. The other end of the lower copper tube 17 is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger 7.

なお、室外補助熱交換器１１は、室外熱交換器７の下方でかつ室外送風機１０が設けられた側に、室外熱交換器７と所定の間隔を有し近接して設けることが好ましい。室外補助熱交換器１１と室外熱交換器７との間に所定の隙間を有し、室外補助熱交換器１１と室外熱交換器７とを接続する配管以外では、室外補助熱交換器１１と室外熱交換器７とを接触させない。これにより、室外補助熱交換器１１と室外熱交換器７との間の熱交換を防止できる。   In addition, it is preferable that the outdoor auxiliary heat exchanger 11 is provided in the vicinity of the outdoor heat exchanger 7 with a predetermined distance below the outdoor heat exchanger 7 and on the side where the outdoor fan 10 is provided. Except for the piping which has a predetermined gap between the outdoor auxiliary heat exchanger 11 and the outdoor heat exchanger 7 and connects the outdoor auxiliary heat exchanger 11 and the outdoor heat exchanger 7, the outdoor auxiliary heat exchanger 11 and Do not contact the outdoor heat exchanger 7. Thereby, the heat exchange between the outdoor auxiliary heat exchanger 11 and the outdoor heat exchanger 7 can be prevented.

室外機４の外殻の底面は、底板１８で形成されている。室外熱交換器７の直下には、暖房運転時に室外熱交換器７で結露した凝縮水や、除霜によって発生した水を排水するためのドレン排水口２２が底板１８に設けられている。   The bottom surface of the outer shell of the outdoor unit 4 is formed by a bottom plate 18. Immediately below the outdoor heat exchanger 7, a drain drain port 22 is provided in the bottom plate 18 for draining condensed water condensed in the outdoor heat exchanger 7 during heating operation and water generated by defrosting.

図２において、冷房時には、冷房運転の際、冷媒は矢印１９のように四方弁６から室外補助熱交換器１１に流れ込む。そして、冷媒は矢印２０のように流れて、室外補助熱交換器１１から室外熱交換器７に流れる。   In FIG. 2, during cooling, during the cooling operation, the refrigerant flows from the four-way valve 6 into the outdoor auxiliary heat exchanger 11 as indicated by an arrow 19. Then, the refrigerant flows as indicated by an arrow 20 and flows from the outdoor auxiliary heat exchanger 11 to the outdoor heat exchanger 7.

室外補助熱交換器１１は、主に銅管で構成されており、安価に構成することができる。   The outdoor auxiliary heat exchanger 11 is mainly composed of a copper tube, and can be constructed at low cost.

また、室外補助熱交換器１１は、フィン１１ａを備えることで、空気との熱交換性能を向上させることができる。フィンの仕様は要求される性能に応じて設計すれば良いが、フィンの枚数を増やしすぎると通風抵抗が増し、逆に性能が悪化する可能性があるので、十分検討して最適な仕様を決めることが重要である。   Moreover, the outdoor auxiliary heat exchanger 11 can improve the heat exchange performance with air by including the fins 11a. The fin specifications should be designed according to the required performance, but if the number of fins is increased too much, ventilation resistance will increase, and conversely the performance may deteriorate. This is very important.

なお、室外補助熱交換器１１に設けられたフィン１１ａの隣接するフィン同士の間隔は、室外熱交換器７に設けられたフィン７ａの隣接するフィン同士の間隔と比較して、大きくなるようにすることが好ましい。これにより、室外補助熱交換器１１によって、通風抵抗を増加させることがなく、従って室外熱交換器７の熱交換性能を悪化させることがない。   In addition, the space | interval of the adjacent fins of the fin 11a provided in the outdoor auxiliary | assistant heat exchanger 11 is large compared with the space | interval of the adjacent fins of the fin 7a provided in the outdoor heat exchanger 7. It is preferable to do. Thereby, the outdoor auxiliary heat exchanger 11 does not increase the ventilation resistance, and therefore the heat exchange performance of the outdoor heat exchanger 7 is not deteriorated.

また、下部銅管１７が室外機４の底板１８と接触するよう配置固定されている。これにより、底板１８からの放熱、吸熱が可能となり、さらに熱交換性能を向上させることができる。   Further, the lower copper pipe 17 is arranged and fixed so as to contact the bottom plate 18 of the outdoor unit 4. Thereby, heat dissipation and heat absorption from the bottom plate 18 are possible, and further heat exchange performance can be improved.

加えて、暖房期に除霜運転を行う際は、最初に室外補助熱交換器１１に高温の冷媒が流れ、下部銅管１７周辺の底板１８が加熱される。このため、室外熱交換器７から滴下した凝縮水が氷結し、ドレン排水口２２を閉塞することを防止できる。これによって、ドレン排水口２２からの排水を確保することができ、暖房性能の向上を図ることができる。   In addition, when performing the defrosting operation in the heating period, first, a high-temperature refrigerant flows through the outdoor auxiliary heat exchanger 11 and the bottom plate 18 around the lower copper pipe 17 is heated. For this reason, it is possible to prevent the condensed water dripped from the outdoor heat exchanger 7 from freezing and closing the drain outlet 22. Thereby, the drainage from the drain outlet 22 can be secured, and the heating performance can be improved.

図３は、図２と同様、室外補助熱交換器１１の構造および配置の例を示す側断面図である。図３の矢印２３ａ、２３ｂ、２４ａ、２４ｂ、２５ａ、２５ｂ、２６、２７、２８、２９、３０は冷房（除霜）運転時の冷媒の流れを示している。暖房運転時の冷媒の流れはその逆である。   FIG. 3 is a side sectional view showing an example of the structure and arrangement of the outdoor auxiliary heat exchanger 11 as in FIG. The arrows 23a, 23b, 24a, 24b, 25a, 25b, 26, 27, 28, 29, and 30 in FIG. 3 indicate the refrigerant flow during the cooling (defrosting) operation. The refrigerant flow during heating operation is the opposite.

室外熱交換器７には外気３１が導かれる。室外熱交換器７と外気３１との熱交換により外気３１は排気１２となって、室外機４から排出される。室外熱交換器７の下部、つまり底板１８の近傍にて、膨張弁８に接続する配管４０が伝熱管７ｂと接続されている。すなわち、室外熱交換器７の下部、つまり底板１８の近傍に液冷媒が多く流れる配管４０が配置されている。   Outside air 31 is guided to the outdoor heat exchanger 7. By the heat exchange between the outdoor heat exchanger 7 and the outside air 31, the outside air 31 becomes the exhaust 12 and is discharged from the outdoor unit 4. In the lower part of the outdoor heat exchanger 7, that is, in the vicinity of the bottom plate 18, a pipe 40 connected to the expansion valve 8 is connected to the heat transfer pipe 7b. That is, a pipe 40 through which a large amount of liquid refrigerant flows is arranged in the lower part of the outdoor heat exchanger 7, that is, in the vicinity of the bottom plate 18.

また、室外補助熱交換器１１は、室外熱交換器７の伝熱管７ｂと、室外熱交換器７と膨張弁８とを結ぶ配管４０との接続部分に対して、空気の流れ方向における下流側に設けることが好ましい。つまり、配管４０は、室外熱交換器７が備える伝熱管７ｂのうち、室外補助熱交換器１１における上部銅管１６より下方で、下部銅管１７より上方に設けられた伝熱管７ｂに接続することが好ましい。   In addition, the outdoor auxiliary heat exchanger 11 is downstream of the connection portion between the heat transfer pipe 7b of the outdoor heat exchanger 7 and the pipe 40 connecting the outdoor heat exchanger 7 and the expansion valve 8 in the air flow direction. It is preferable to provide in. That is, the piping 40 is connected to the heat transfer tube 7 b provided below the upper copper tube 16 and above the lower copper tube 17 in the outdoor auxiliary heat exchanger 11 among the heat transfer tubes 7 b included in the outdoor heat exchanger 7. It is preferable.

配管４０に接続された伝熱管７ｂにおける冷媒の温度は、冷房運転では室外熱交換器７の中で一番低く、暖房運転では一番高くなる。一方、室外補助熱交換器１１の温度は室外熱交換器７よりも、冷房運転では高く、暖房運転では低くなる。   The temperature of the refrigerant in the heat transfer tube 7b connected to the pipe 40 is the lowest in the outdoor heat exchanger 7 in the cooling operation and the highest in the heating operation. On the other hand, the temperature of the outdoor auxiliary heat exchanger 11 is higher in the cooling operation and lower in the heating operation than the outdoor heat exchanger 7.

このため、室外熱交換器７と室外補助熱交換器１１との温度差が大きくなる。その結果、室外補助熱交換器１１の熱交換効率をさらに高めることができる。   For this reason, the temperature difference between the outdoor heat exchanger 7 and the outdoor auxiliary heat exchanger 11 increases. As a result, the heat exchange efficiency of the outdoor auxiliary heat exchanger 11 can be further increased.

また、本実施形態において使用する冷媒は、現在、セパレート型のエアコンなどで使用されているＲ４１０Ａなどでも十分な効果を発揮するが、Ｒ３２（ジフオロメタン）を使用すると、冷房運転時に室外補助熱交換器１１の放熱量を大きくすることが可能である。つまり本発明においては、Ｒ３２を使用した場合に、冷房運転でより大きな効果を得ることができる。   In addition, the refrigerant used in the present embodiment is sufficiently effective even with R410A currently used in a separate type air conditioner or the like, but when R32 (difluoromethane) is used, an outdoor auxiliary heat exchanger is used during cooling operation. 11 can be increased. That is, in the present invention, when R32 is used, a greater effect can be obtained in the cooling operation.

以上のように、本発明にかかる空気調和機は、コストの増大やサイズの拡大をまねくことなく、性能を向上させることができる環境負荷の小さな装置を提供することができる。従って、空気調和機だけに止まらず、セパレート型のショーケースや、冷蔵庫などに広く適用することができる。   As described above, the air conditioner according to the present invention can provide a device with a small environmental load that can improve performance without increasing cost or increasing size. Therefore, the present invention can be widely applied not only to air conditioners but also to separate-type showcases and refrigerators.

１ 室内機
２ 室内熱交換器
３ 室内送風機
４ 室外機
５ 圧縮機
６ 四方弁
７ 室外熱交換器
７ａ フィン
７ｂ 伝熱管
８ 膨張弁
９ アキュムレータ
１０ 室外送風機
１１ 室外補助熱交換器
１１ａ フィン
１６ 上部銅管
１７ 下部銅管
１８ 底板
２２ ドレン排水口
４０ 配管DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Indoor unit 2 Indoor heat exchanger 3 Indoor fan 4 Outdoor unit 5 Compressor 6 Four-way valve 7 Outdoor heat exchanger 7a Fin 7b Heat transfer tube 8 Expansion valve 9 Accumulator 10 Outdoor fan 11 Outdoor auxiliary heat exchanger 11a Fin 16 Upper copper pipe 17 Lower copper pipe 18 Bottom plate 22 Drain drain 40 Piping

Claims (2)

圧縮機、四方弁、室外熱交換器、膨張弁、室外送風機を有する室外機と室内熱交換器を有する室内機とを連環して冷媒を循環させ、蒸気圧縮式のヒートポンプサイクルあるいは冷凍サイクルを構成し、冷暖房を行う空気調和機であって、前記室外熱交換器と前記室外送風機との間に位置し、前記四方弁と前記室外熱交換器との間に接続される室外補助熱交換手段を備え、前記室外機は、暖房運転時に生じる凝縮水を排出するドレン排水口を備えた底板を有し、前記室外補助熱交換手段は、フィンを備えた銅管と、フィンを備えていない銅管とで構成され、前記フィンを備えていない銅管は、前記底板に接触するように配置され、前記膨張弁と前記室外熱交換器とを接続する配管は、前記室外熱交換器が備える伝熱管のうち、前記室外補助熱交換器におけるフィンを備えた銅管より下方で、フィンを備えていない銅管より上方に設けられた伝熱管に接続している空気調和機。 Refrigerant is circulated by connecting an outdoor unit having a compressor, a four-way valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, an expansion valve, and an outdoor fan and an indoor unit having an indoor heat exchanger to constitute a vapor compression heat pump cycle or a refrigeration cycle And an air conditioner that performs cooling and heating, the outdoor auxiliary heat exchange means that is located between the outdoor heat exchanger and the outdoor blower and connected between the four-way valve and the outdoor heat exchanger. The outdoor unit has a bottom plate provided with a drain outlet for discharging condensed water generated during heating operation, and the outdoor auxiliary heat exchange means includes a copper pipe provided with fins and a copper pipe not provided with fins The copper pipe not provided with the fins is arranged so as to contact the bottom plate, and the pipe connecting the expansion valve and the outdoor heat exchanger is a heat transfer pipe provided in the outdoor heat exchanger. Out of the outdoor auxiliary heat exchange In below copper tube having a fin in the vessel, the air conditioner is connected to the heat transfer pipe provided above the copper tube having no fins. 冷媒としてＲ３２を使用した請求項１に記載の空気調和機。 The air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein R32 is used as a refrigerant.
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