JP6141264B2 - 光コヒーレンス断層撮影法及び圧力に基づくシステム及び方法 - Google Patents
光コヒーレンス断層撮影法及び圧力に基づくシステム及び方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
この出願は2011年5月27日に出願された米国仮特許出願第61/490,925号及び2011年8月31日に出願された米国仮特許出願第61/529,594号の利益及び優先権を主張し、それらの全文を参照としてここに援用する。
部分的に、本発明は、カテーテルのような、パージポートを有するデータ収集プローブの一部のパージ(除去)を行い、且つパージポート圧力測定を行うするのに適した、システム、方法、及び装置にも関する。この種の測定を図18に関して上で議論した。1つの実施態様では、パージポートと流体連絡する圧力測定装置を使用することによって、空腔内に配置されるパージポートを通じて、血管の空腔のある位置での圧力を測定し得る。図20乃至23に示すようなパージング及び圧力測定を行うために、様々の種類の流体供給又は流れ規制システム又は構成部品を使用し得る。図18に示すシステム又は構成部品と共に、或いは図18に示すシステム又は構成部品の代わりに、これらのシステム及び構成部品の一部を使用し得る。
プロセッサ(例えば、マイクロプロセッサ、マイクロコントローラ、デジタル信号プロセッサ、又は汎用コンピュータ)と共に使用するためのコンピュータプログラム論理、プログラム可能な論理装置(例えば、現場でプログラム可能な論理列(FPGA)又は他のPLD)と共に使用するためのプログラム可能な論理、別個の構成部品、集積回路(例えば、特定用途向け集積回路(ASIC))、又はそれらの任意の組合せを含む任意の他の手段を非限定的に含む多くの異なる形態において、本発明を具現し得る。本発明の典型的な実施態様において、OCTプローブ及びプロセッサに基づくシステムを使用して収集されるデータの処理の一部又は全部は、一組のコンピュータプログラム命令として実施され、コンピュータプログラム命令は、コンピュータ実行可能な形態に変換され、例えば、コンピュータ読取り可能な媒体内に記憶され、且つオペレーティングシステムの制御の下でマイクロプロセッサによって実行される。よって、問合わせ応答及び入力データは、OCTデータ、OCT画像、血管抵抗、FFR計算、圧力感知、輪郭検出、並びに上述の他の機能及び実施態様を生成するのに適した、プロセッサが理解可能な命令に変換される。
Claims (25)
- 血管内の1つ又はそれよりも多くの所定の場所で圧力を測定するよう構成される圧力組立体と、
血管内の前記1つ又はそれよりも多くの場所で血管の幾何学的形状を測定するよう構成される光コヒーレンス断層撮影組立体と、
プローブとを含み、
前記光コヒーレンス断層撮影組立体は、前記プローブ内に配置され、
前記光コヒーレンス断層撮影組立体は、第1の波長域及び第2の波長域の光を送信するよう構成される光ファイバと、該光ファイバと隣接し且つ該光ファイバと同軸のビームディレクタとを含み、
前記圧力組立体は、前記ビームディレクタ及び前記光ファイバと同軸であり、且つ前記ビームディレクタより遠位に位置付けられる光学圧力変換器を含み、
該光学圧力変換器は、前記第2の波長域の光を変調させるよう構成される、
データ収集システム。 - プローブを更に含み、前記光コヒーレンス断層撮影組立体は、前記プローブ内に配置される、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記光コヒーレンス断層撮影組立体は、光ファイバを含み、
該光ファイバは、
第1の直径を有し且つ第1の空腔を定める第1のトルクワイヤと、
第2の直径を有し且つ第2の空腔を定める第2のトルクワイヤとを更に含み、
前記第1及び第2のトルクワイヤは繋がれ、
前記光ファイバは、前記第1及び第2の空腔を通じて進む、
請求項2に記載のシステム。 - 前記光コヒーレンス断層撮影組立体及び前記圧力組立体と連絡するプロセッサを更に含み、該プロセッサは、血管内の前記1つ又はそれよりも多くの場所での幾何学的境界及び血管内の前記1つ又はそれよりも多くの場所で測定される前記圧力に応答して、血管のための補正された血流予備量比を計算するプログラムを実行するよう構成される、請求項2に記載のシステム。
- 前記プロセッサは、流体力学方程式及び前記光コヒーレンス断層撮影組立体で測定される血管の前記幾何学的境界を使用して初期的な血流予備量比を補正するために前記プログラムを実行するよう構成される、請求項4に記載のシステム。
- 前記プロセッサは、予想される圧力降下に対する測定された圧力降下の比として心筋障害指数を出力するために前記プログラムを実行するよう構成される、請求項4に記載のシステム。
- 流体制限装置とパージ流体源とを含むパージ組立体を更に含み、前記流体制限装置は、前記プローブの壁によって定められるパージポートと流体連絡する、請求項2に記載のシステム。
- 前記流体制限装置は、調節可能であり、付勢素子と、孔を定める滑動可能な部材とを含み、前記孔は、前記パージ流体源からのパージ流体を受け入れるよう位置付けられ、前記付勢素子は、前記滑動可能な部材の上に付勢力を適用するよう構成される、請求項7に記載のシステム。
- 空気充填キャビティが前記圧力変換器と前記ビームディレクタとの間に定められる、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記プローブの壁と、
該壁によって定められる空腔とを更に含み、
前記光コヒーレンス断層撮影組立体は、前記空腔内に配置される回転可能な光ファイバを含み、前記圧力組立体は、前記壁に配置されるポケット内に配置される圧力変換器を含む、
請求項2に記載のシステム。 - 前記圧力変換器は、前記ポケット内に位置付けられるゲルによって前記空腔から分離される、請求項10に記載のシステム。
- パージ溶液を供給するよう構成される流体源と、
該流体源と流体連絡する逆止弁と、
該逆止弁と流体連絡する流体流制御装置と、
前記プローブの壁によって定められるパージポートに前記パージ溶液を輸送するよう構成される流体供給通路とを更に含む、
請求項2に記載のシステム。 - 前記流体流制御装置は、制約部、調節可能な制約部、膨張可能なチューブ、及び膨張リミッタ内に配置される膨張可能なチューブで構成される群から選択される、請求項12に記載のシステム。
- 前記第1の直径の長さは、前記第2の直径の長さの約10倍である、請求項3に記載のシステム。
- 前記第1のトルクワイヤは、前記第2のトルクワイヤに当接し、前記第1及び第2のトルクワイヤは、前記第1及び第2のトルクワイヤの周りで熱収縮されるチューブ内に配置され、且つ該チューブによって一体に保持される、請求項3に記載のシステム。
- 前記プローブは、空腔を定める壁を有するカテーテルと、パージポートとを含み、更に、
流体源と、
前記空腔と連絡する第1のポート、前記流体源と連絡する第2のポート、及び前記圧力組立体と連絡する第3のポートを有する三方向弁とを含み、
前記圧力組立体は、圧力変換器であり、第1の位置にあるとき、前記三方向弁は前記流体源を前記空腔と接続し、第2の位置にあるとき、前記三方向弁は前記空腔及び前記圧力変換器を接続する、
請求項2に記載のシステム。 - 測定される光学データ及び測定される圧力データに基づき血管の1つ又はそれよりも多くのパラメータを決定するプロセッサに基づくデータ収集システムの作動方法であって、
圧力組立体を使用して血管内の1つ又はそれよりも多くの場所で圧力値を測定するステップと、
光コヒーレンス断層撮影組立体を使用して前記1つ又はそれよりも多くの場所で血管の幾何学的境界を決定するステップと、
プロセッサを使用して、血管内の前記1つ又はそれよりも多くの場所で測定される前記幾何学的境界及び血管内の前記1つ又はそれよりも多くの場所で測定される前記圧力値に応答して、血管の血流予備量比を決定するステップと、
血管内で前記圧力組立体を使用することに関連する誤差を減少させるために、1つ又はそれよりも多くの補正が行われるよう、前記血流予備量比を反復的に取得するステップとを含む、
作動方法。 - 前記血管の幾何学的境界を決定するステップは、ガイドワイヤによって光コヒーレンス断層撮影から隠される前記血管の前記幾何学的境界の一部を推定するステップを含む、請求項17に記載の作動方法。
- 小孔内で測定される第2の圧力によって狭窄より遠位に測定される第1の圧力を除算することによって初期的な血流予備量比を決定するステップを更に含む、請求項17に記載の作動方法。
- 前記プロセッサは、三次元流体力学方程式及び前記光コヒーレンス断層撮影組立体を用いて測定される血管の前記幾何学的境界を使用して前記初期的な血流予備量比を補正することによって、前記血流予備量比を更に決定する、請求項19に記載の作動方法。
- 前記プロセッサを使用して血流予備量比を決定するステップは、
プロセッサを使用して、血管内の第1の血流予備量比を決定するステップと、
前記プロセッサを使用して、第1の補正された血流予備量比を決定するために、血管を塞ぐ第1のプローブによって導入される誤差を補正するステップと、
前記プロセッサを使用して、血管内の第2の血流予備量比を決定するステップと、
前記プロセッサを使用して、第2の補正された血流予備量比を決定するために、前記血管内の障害によって導入される誤差を補正するステップと、
前記第1の補正された血流予備量比と前記第2の補正された血流予備量比とを比較するステップとを更に含む、
請求項17に記載の作動方法。 - 前記障害は、前記第1のプローブ、第2のプローブ、狭窄、又はステントである、請求項21に記載の作動方法。
- 前記比較するステップに応答して障害指数を出力するステップを更に含む、請求項21に記載の作動方法。
- 前記圧力組立体及び前記光コヒーレンス断層撮影組立体は、前記第1のプローブ内に配置される、請求項21に記載の作動方法。
- 前記圧力組立体は、血管内に配置されるカテーテルのパージポートと流体連絡する圧力変換器であり、前記圧力値は、前記パージポート付近の所定の場所で測定される、請求項17に記載の作動方法。
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