JP6124832B2 - Infrared shielding material fine particle production method, infrared shielding material fine particle dispersion production method, infrared shielding material fine particle, infrared shielding material fine particle powder, infrared shielding material fine particle dispersion, infrared shielding material fine particle dispersion, and coated substrate - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for producing infrared shielding material fine particles, a method for producing an infrared shielding material fine particle dispersion, an infrared shielding material fine particle, an infrared shielding material fine particle powder, an infrared shielding material fine particle dispersion, an infrared shielding material fine particle dispersion, and a coated substrate. It is about.

As an infrared shielding material, a material using ITO, ATO, CWO, or LaB ₆ as a raw material is known. In recent years, an infrared shielding material using titanium oxide (hereinafter also referred to as TiO ₂ for convenience of description) has been disclosed (for example, Patent Document 1). Patent Document 1 describes that a material containing titanium oxide as a main component and containing Nb or Ta is used as an infrared shielding material.

  Incidentally, a technique is known in which a part of Ti in titanium oxide is replaced with Nb or Ta (hereinafter also referred to as “dope”) when producing conductive titanium oxide rather than as an infrared shielding material. (For example, Patent Documents 2 and 3).

In Patent Document 2, an NbCl ₂ aqueous solution is added to a peroxotitanic acid aqueous solution, an anion exchange treatment, tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) is added, and then a hydrothermal treatment is performed to produce a conductive titanium oxide dispersion. doing. Then, this dispersion was evaporated and dried at 550 ° C. to obtain a powder of titanium oxide doped with Nb (hereinafter also referred to as Nb—TiO ₂ for the sake of explanation). ]).

In Patent Document 3, hydrolysis is performed on Ti alkoxide and Nb alkoxide or Ta alkoxide, each metal alkoxide can be dehydrated and condensed with each other, and they are dehydrated and condensed with each other to form an oxide. to obtain a dispersion of -TiO ₂ ([0020] of Patent Document 3).

JP 2010-90011 A JP 2007-320821 A JP 2011-167620 A

As described above, Patent Documents 2 and 3 are known as techniques for doping titanium oxide with Nb, although it is not a technique for producing Nb—TiO ₂ as an infrared shielding material. The present inventor first examined whether Patent Documents 2 and 3 are appropriate as a method for producing Nb—TiO ₂ as an infrared shielding material. As a result, it has become clear from the study of the present inventor that the following problems arise when the patent documents 2 and 3 are simply applied.

(Problem 1) For example, in the case of Patent Document 3, even when Ti alkoxide and Nb alkoxide or Ta alkoxide are hydrolyzed, the temperature must be kept at −30 ° C. ([0037] of Patent Document 3). Although details will be described later, the hydrolysis of the metal alkoxide is performed at high speed ([0021] of Patent Document 3). Therefore, according to the method of Patent Document 3, workability at room temperature when producing Nb—TiO ₂ is significantly reduced.

(Problem 2) Further, from the viewpoint of making the Nb-TiO ₂ particles as the infrared shielding material and the fine particles of Nb-TiO ₂ contains extremely having a large diameter, the Nb-TiO ₂ When light is allowed to pass through the fine particles, a lot of scattered light is generated. Then, even if it is going to apply the said infrared shielding material with respect to a window glass, for example, it will not become a body as a window glass which should permeate | transmit visible light before shielding infrared rays. Incidentally, when there is a material having an extremely small diameter, the function as an infrared shielding material may not be sufficiently exhibited.

(Problem 3) The problem relating to the scattered light is also caused by the degree of aggregation of the Nb—TiO ₂ fine particles. For example, in the case of Patent Document 2, firing at 550 ° C. is performed when Nb—TiO ₂ is produced. Therefore, it is considered that Nb—TiO ₂ is considerably agglomerated, and there is a possibility that the problem of the scattered light becomes remarkable.

(Problem 4) Even if a technique for solving the above problems is adopted, it is still necessary to further improve the infrared shielding performance with respect to the technique, and there is a device for further improving the infrared shielding performance. Necessary.

  In view of the above-described problems, the present invention can realize good workability when manufacturing infrared shielding material fine particles that are titanium oxide fine particles doped with Nb and sufficiently exhibit the function as an infrared shielding material. An object of the present invention is to provide an infrared shielding material fine particle having improved technique and further improving infrared shielding performance and related products.

This inventor repeated earnest research about the said subject. As described above, the techniques described in Patent Documents 2 and 3 are known as methods for doping TiO ₂ with Nb, which is a different metal. However, as a result of the study by the present inventors, it has been found that the simple application of Patent Documents 2 and 3 to the production of an infrared shielding material does not solve all the above problems.

Therefore, the present inventor paid attention to an innovative technique called a gel-sol method. As a result of earnest examination based on this gel-sol method, in addition to the Ti complex used in the gel-sol method, a method of using a complex also in the raw material of Nb to be doped, that is, using an Nb complex is proposed. I came up with it. Specifically, in a state where the solvent in the gel-sol method is a reducing compound,
(1) While suppressing the hydrolysis rate by complexing the metal,
(2) Both Ti and Nb are complexed to bring both hydrolysis rates closer.
Moreover,
(3) The hydrolysis is started in the state where the Ti complex and the Nb complex coexist.
I came up with a method to follow these three steps.

Aspects of the present invention based on the above findings are as follows.
The first aspect of the present invention is:
A method for producing fine particles of infrared shielding material,
A solution containing a Ti complex obtained by reacting a Ti-containing compound and a complexing agent A, an Nb complex obtained by reacting an Nb-containing compound and the complexing agent B, and water, and using a reducing compound as a solvent. A hydrolysis step for causing hydrolysis of each complex by heating;
After the hydrolysis step, a recovery step of recovering the infrared shielding material fine particles that are precipitates;
Have
The hydrolysis step includes
A gelation step of gelling the aqueous solution by advancing the hydrolysis;
A solation step in which the aqueous solution gelled in the gelation step is solated by allowing the hydrolysis to proceed; and
It is a manufacturing method of infrared shielding material microparticles | fine-particles which have these.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to the first aspect,
The Ti-containing compound is a Ti alkoxide, and the Nb-containing compound is an Nb alkoxide.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to the first or second aspect,
At least one of the complexing agent A and the complexing agent B is triethanolamine.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to any one of the first to third aspects,
The solvent is ethylene glycol;
The volume ratio of the ethylene glycol and the water is (ethylene glycol) :( water) = 95: 5 to 50:50.
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to any one of the first to fourth aspects,
The molar ratio of Ti and Nb in the solution before the hydrolysis step is [Ti]: [Nb] = 90: 10 to 60:40.
The sixth aspect of the present invention is:
A method for producing an infrared shielding material fine particle dispersion,
A solution containing a Ti complex obtained by reacting a Ti-containing compound and a complexing agent A, an Nb complex obtained by reacting an Nb-containing compound and the complexing agent B, and water, and using a reducing compound as a solvent. A hydrolysis step for causing hydrolysis of each complex by heating;
After the hydrolysis step, a recovery step of recovering the infrared shielding material fine particles that are precipitates;
A crushing treatment step of crushing the infrared shielding material fine particles in the liquid medium when the collected infrared shielding material fine particles are dispersed in the liquid medium;
Have
The hydrolysis step includes
A gelling step of gelling the solution by advancing the hydrolysis;
A solification step in which the solution gelled in the gelation step is solated by allowing the hydrolysis to proceed;
Have
It is a manufacturing method of the infrared shielding material fine particle dispersion which makes the crushing processing time in the said crushing process process less than 10 hours.
The seventh aspect of the present invention is
Infrared shielding material fine particles having an anatase type crystal structure in which a part of Ti is substituted with Nb in a Ti oxide and satisfying at least one of the following conditions.
(1) The value (Mv / D90) obtained by dividing the volume average diameter of the fine particles by D90 is 0.60 to 1.00.
(2) The value (D10 / Mv) obtained by dividing D10 of the fine particles by the volume average diameter is 0.60 to 1.00.
(3) The value (D10 / D90) obtained by dividing D10 of the fine particles by D90 is 0.40 to 1.00.
According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to the seventh aspect,
The crystallite diameter of the infrared shielding material fine particles is 9 nm to 15 nm.
According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to the seventh or eighth aspect,
The volume average diameter of the infrared shielding material fine particles is 1.0 to 4.0 times the crystallite diameter.
According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to any one of the seventh to ninth aspects,
The lattice constant of the a-axis lattice constant exceeds 3.79Å, and the c-axis lattice constant exceeds 9.51 値.
An eleventh aspect of the present invention is an infrared shielding material fine particle powder obtained by drying the infrared shielding material fine particles according to any one of the seventh to tenth aspects.
A twelfth aspect of the present invention is an infrared shielding material fine particle dispersion in which the infrared shielding material fine particles according to any one of the seventh to tenth aspects are dispersed in a liquid medium.
A thirteenth aspect of the present invention is an infrared shielding material fine particle dispersion in which the infrared shielding material fine particles according to any one of the seventh to tenth aspects are dispersed in a solid medium.
A fourteenth aspect of the present invention is a coated base material in which a film containing the infrared shielding material fine particles according to any one of the seventh to tenth aspects is provided on the surface of the base material.

  According to the present invention, there is provided a method capable of realizing good workability when manufacturing fine particles of infrared shielding material that are titanium oxide fine particles doped with Nb and sufficiently exhibit the function as an infrared shielding material. In addition, it is possible to provide the fine particles of infrared shielding material and the related substances with improved infrared shielding performance.

It is a flowchart which shows the manufacturing method of the infrared shielding material microparticles | fine-particles in this embodiment. It is a conceptual diagram for demonstrating the mechanism of a gel-sol method. It is a photograph which shows the external appearance of the infrared shielding material fine particle sol in a present Example (the 1). It is a photograph which shows the external appearance of the infrared shielding material fine particle sol in a present Example (the 2). It is a photograph which shows the result of TEM observation in a present Example. It is a graph which shows the result of the XRD measurement in a present Example. It is a table | surface which shows the result obtained by the XRD measurement in a present Example, and is a table | surface which shows the relationship between Nb ratio, the volume% of ethylene glycol, the temperature in a hydrolysis process, time, a lattice constant, and a crystallite diameter. In a present Example, it is a graph and a table | surface which show the result of the particle size measurement by a dynamic light-scattering method when the sample which made time of the hydrolysis process 24h and the disintegration processing time 3h was disperse | distributed to toluene. In a present Example, it is a graph and a table | surface which show the result of the particle size measurement by a dynamic light-scattering method when the sample which made time of the hydrolysis process 72 hours and disintegration processing time 3 hours was disperse | distributed to toluene. In this example, a graph (a) and a table showing the results of particle size measurement by dynamic light scattering when a sample with a hydrolysis step time of 24 h and a crushing treatment time of 1 h is dispersed in toluene. (B). In a present Example, it is a graph which shows the result of the transmission spectrum when a sample is disperse | distributed to toluene (the 1). In a present Example, it is a graph which shows the result of the transmission spectrum when a sample is disperse | distributed to toluene (the 2).

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
In the present embodiment, description will be given in the following order.
1. Manufacturing method of infrared shielding material fine particles 1-A) Preparatory step 1-B) Hydrolysis step 1-Ba) Gelation step 1-Bb) Zolization step 1-C) Recovery step 1-D) Others 2 . 2. Infrared shielding material fine particles In addition, this embodiment is a technique based on a gel-sol method. Therefore, for matters not specifically mentioned in the following contents, known techniques relating to the gel-sol method (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-290887 and known papers) may be used as appropriate. Nb—TiO ₂ Not only the techniques necessary for manufacturing the infrared shielding material fine particles but also known techniques may be used as appropriate.

<1. Infrared shielding material fine particle manufacturing method>
Hereinafter, the manufacturing method of the infrared shielding material fine particles in the present embodiment will be described. FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a method for producing infrared shielding material fine particles in the present embodiment.

1-A) Preparatory Step In this step, first, a Ti complex obtained by reacting a Ti-containing compound and a complexing agent A, and an Nb complex obtained by reacting an Nb-containing compound and a complexing agent B Prepare.

  In addition, as a specific compound of Ti containing compound and complexing agent A, if Ti complex is obtained, there will be no limitation in particular. The Ti-containing compound and the complexing agent A may be selected so that the Ti complex is finally hydrolyzed to become a Ti hydroxide. The same applies to the Nb-containing compound and the complexing agent B.

Specific examples of the Ti-containing compound include Ti alkoxide. Examples of the Ti alkoxide include, but are not limited to, titanium tetraisopropoxide (TIPO). In addition, tetramethoxy titanium, tetraethoxy titanium, tetra-n-propoxy titanium, tetra-n-butoxy titanium, tetra-i-butoxy titanium, tetra-sec-butoxy titanium, tetra-t-butoxy titanium, tetrakis ( Dimethylamino) titanium, tetrakisdiethylaminotitanium, di (isopropoxy) bis (dipivaloylmethanato) titanium, and the like can be used. Titanium alkoxide may use only 1 type and may use 2 or more types together.
Similarly, specific examples of the Nb-containing compound include Nb alkoxide. Examples of the Nb alkoxide include, but are not limited to, niobium ethoxide. In addition, pentamethoxy niobium, pentaethoxy niobium, penta-i-propoxy niobium, penta-n-propoxy niobium, penta-i-butoxy niobium, penta-n-butoxy niobium, penta-sec-butoxy niobium, etc. are used. be able to. Niobium alkoxide may use only 1 type and may use 2 or more types together.

A specific example of complexing agent A is triethanolamine (TEOA). In addition, as the amine, triethylenediamine (TMD), N, N-dimethylethylenediamine (DMED), diethylenetriamine (DETA), triethylenetetraamine (TETA), tris (2-aminoethyl) amine (TAEA), etc. Is mentioned. Examples of amino acids include L-aspartic acid (AA), nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), ethylenediamine-N, N, N ′, N′-tetraacetic acid (EDTA), and the like. Only 1 type may be used among these compounds and 2 or more types may be used together.
Similarly, a specific example of the complexing agent B includes triethanolamine. In addition, the amines and amino acids listed above can be mentioned.
As shown in the Examples below, at least one of complexing agent A and complexing agent B is preferably triethanolamine, and both are very preferably triethanolamine.

1-B) Hydrolysis Step In this step, a solution containing a Ti complex and an Nb complex, water, and a solvent as a reducing compound is prepared. As described in the knowledge of the present invention, in this embodiment, it is particularly important to prepare a metal complex to be an oxide and a metal complex to be doped. After these metal complexes are prepared, solvothermal synthesis that causes hydrolysis of each complex is performed in the solution. In this specification, “solvothermal synthesis” refers to performing hydrolysis by heating in a situation where a solvent other than water is 100%, that is, a solvent other than water is present. Preferably, the volume% of water is less than 50 volume%, or the volume% of the reducing compound as the solvent is 50 volume% or more. In addition, about the specific method of solvothermal synthesis, you may use a well-known method about the content which has no special mention below. In addition, the conditions of the present process described below are only preferable examples, and it is needless to say that the present process may be performed under conditions other than the following examples as long as the effects of the present invention are exhibited.

First, the reducing compound as a solvent is not particularly limited as long as it can bring about oxygen deficiency with respect to the finally obtained Nb—TiO ₂ . Examples of the reducing compound include polyols, polyhydric alcohols, and derivatives thereof. Specific examples of the compound include ethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, pentaethylene glycol, and hexaethylene glycol. These compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

The molar ratio of Ti and Nb in the solution before the hydrolysis step is preferably [Ti]: [Nb] = 90: 10 to 60:40. In other words, it is preferable that [Nb] / ([Ti] + [Nb]) be 0.1 or more and 0.4 or less. If it is 0.1 or more, the Nb—TiO ₂ finally obtained can be provided with an infrared shielding performance. As for the upper limit, according to the present inventors' investigation to date, when the above value is 0.4 or less when Nb is doped into TiO ₂ , the infrared shielding performance is sufficiently provided. It is confirmed that each of the problems can be solved. In order to improve the infrared shielding performance, it is preferably more than 0.2 and 0.4 or less. Of course, there is a possibility that the upper limit of the range may be further increased.
In the following description, “to” represents a predetermined numerical value and a predetermined numerical value.

  Based on the above contents, the hydrolysis step is performed. And in this embodiment, during the hydrolysis step, a gelation step for gelling the solution by advancing the hydrolysis, and a solation step for allowing the gelled solution to sol by further proceeding with the hydrolysis Do.

1-Ba) Gelation Step Here, the reaction mechanism generated in the gelation step will be explained, although there is a place that includes speculation.

  As a technique called this gel-sol method, for example, an invention made by the present inventor (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-290887) can be cited. The gel-sol method is a technique for producing metal oxide fine particles by scratching and is a method for finally obtaining a metal oxide sol (colloid) from a gel turbid solution. . Examples of the mechanism include those described in JP-A-2007-290887, [0017] to [0020].

In the present embodiment, a Ti complex and an Nb complex are used. First, the description will be made focusing on a Ti complex serving as a base of Nb—TiO ₂ .

  By forming a Ti complex and hydrolyzing it, a substance (titanium compound) necessary for producing metal oxide fine particles to be obtained can be gradually released from the complex. More specifically, amorphous titanium hydroxide is formed by hydrolyzing the Ti complex. This amorphous titanium hydroxide is the basis for gelation. By continuing the hydrolysis, the concentration of amorphous titanium hydroxide increases, and hydrogen bonds are formed between them, so that amorphous titanium hydroxide precipitates as a gel. On the other hand, an increase in the concentration of dissolved amorphous titanium hydroxide results in nucleation of anatase phase titanium oxide. The generated nucleus is supplied with a titanium source (precursor monomer) from the gel, and titanium oxide having a crystal structure composed of an anatase phase is obtained.

As described above, gelation is performed with amorphous titanium hydroxide to form a gel network. This is shown in FIG. In the gel-sol method, a flow reaction of “amorphous titanium hydroxide → precursor monomer → titanium oxide (TiO ₂ )” occurs from the portion where the concentration of amorphous titanium hydroxide is high, and from this portion A crystal nucleus of TiO ₂ is generated. However, in the gel-sol method, TiO ₂ crystal nuclei are generated on the gel network or in the part of the network where the concentration of amorphous titanium hydroxide is high. In that case, even if crystal nuclei are generated and the fine particles grow, the fine particles are difficult to contact with the fine particles that are present on the network of the adjacent gel network or the same as the mesh because the mesh interferes. There are almost no factors that hinder the growth process. That is, thanks to the gel state caused by amorphous titanium hydroxide, Brownian motion in the solution is suppressed. As a result, the chances of collision between the fine particles are remarkably reduced, each fine particle can grow in the same way, and fine particles having a uniform shape and size can be obtained. As a result, there are almost extremely large or small fine particles. A monodisperse or near fine particle is obtained. In addition, the occurrence of agglomeration between the fine particles is remarkably suppressed.

In addition to the above-mentioned role, this gel network also plays a role of a supply source (so-called reservoir) for supplying a raw material of TiO ₂ . As shown in FIG. 2, when hydrolysis proceeds, a precursor monomer as an intermediate product is formed from amorphous titanium hydroxide constituting the gel network. By this precursor monomer is in contact with the TiO ₂ crystal nuclei, of the TiO ₂ fine particles grow.

Here, in the present embodiment, in addition to the Ti complex, the complex is also used in the Nb raw material to be doped, that is, the Nb complex is used. Specifically, in a state where the solvent in the gel-sol method is a reducing compound,
(1) While suppressing the hydrolysis rate by complexing the metal,
(2) Both Ti and Nb are complexed to bring both hydrolysis rates closer.
Moreover,
(3) The hydrolysis is started in the state where the Ti complex and the Nb complex coexist.
Follow these three steps.
By adopting the above method, the following effects can be obtained.

First, it becomes possible to suppress the flow rate of the hydrolysis process (gelation process) “amorphous titanium hydroxide → precursor monomer → TiO ₂ ”, and the hydrolysis is unevenly only in the vicinity of the addition part of water. Will not occur, and the particle size distribution of the resulting fine particles will not spread. And since the speed | rate of a hydrolysis process itself can be suppressed, unlike the case where the Ti alkoxide of patent document 3 is used, the operation | work at room temperature is attained. More specifically, it is possible to prepare a solution in which a Ti complex and an Nb complex coexist at room temperature before the hydrolysis step. And a hydrolysis process can be started by heating the said solution, and it becomes possible to stop a hydrolysis process by cooling the said solution conversely. That is, the hydrolysis process can be controlled as intended by the operator. As a result, workability when producing Nb—TiO ₂ is remarkably improved.

Also, by using Ti and Nb complexed together, Nb amorphous hydroxylation, Nb precursor monomerization at the timing of Ti amorphous hydrogenation, precursor monomerization, oxide generation This makes it possible to approach the timing of oxide generation. Thereby, for example, amorphous hydroxylation of Ti and Nb occurs at the same timing, and Ti and Nb are mixed in the amorphous hydroxide. As a result, in the finally obtained metal oxide, both metals can be mixed at the elemental or ionic level. In addition, by adopting the method of this embodiment, uniformity (dispersibility) at the element level in the crystal can be obtained. In addition, the Nb ratio in the raw material charge and the Nb-TiO ₂ Nb ratio can be made very close to each other. As a result, it is not necessary to prepare an excessive amount of Nb alkoxide, and the production efficiency of Nb—TiO ₂ can be remarkably improved.

  While exhibiting the above effects, the hydrolysis further proceeds to sol the gelled solution.

1-Bb) Solation Step When the hydrolysis proceeds, the gel undergoes a phase transition to a sol (colloid), so that in the final stage of the reaction, fine particles grow and all change to a sol. Then, heating the gel-like mixture, sol mixture obtained by cooling to obtain a TiO ₂ fine particles by solid-liquid separation using a centrifuge or the like. Since the gel undergoes a phase transition into the sol after the hydrolysis (gelation) has progressed, this phase transition may be referred to as a solification step, a gelation relaxation step, or a phase transition step into the sol. . That is, in the hydrolysis process, the sol formation process is performed after the gelation process.

Employing the gelation step and the solification step described above makes it possible to grow Nb—TiO ₂ fine particles at a relatively high temperature of 140 ° C. to 250 ° C. while suppressing nucleation. Then, unlike the case of generating oxide fine particles at a relatively low temperature of 80 ° C. as in Patent Document 3, the crystallite diameter can be increased. As a result, even when using the Nb-TiO ₂ as an infrared shielding material, relatively large particles of Nb-TiO ₂ crystallite size is obtained. Moreover, even when the Nb complex is at a high concentration (a value exceeding 20% described in Patent Document 3), it is possible to stably produce Nb—TiO ₂ having a crystal structure composed of an anatase phase.
As a result, the function as an infrared shielding material can be exhibited with respect to the fine particles of Nb—TiO ₂ .

On the other hand, in the present embodiment, a reducing compound is used as a solvent for hydrolysis. This reducing compound causes oxygen deficiency and improves the carrier density. On the other hand, when Nb has a high ratio as described above, the carrier density is improved. That is, in this embodiment, the effect brought about by oxygen deficiency and the effect brought about by a high Nb ratio are synergistic. When the carrier density is remarkably increased, the light absorption wavelength is shortened. Explaining with a specific example, as shown in FIG. 11 (b) of the examples described later, the Nb—TiO ₂ fine particles produced using water as a solvent have a light absorption peak when the wavelength exceeds 2300 nm. (Region where transmittance decreases). However, the Nb—TiO ₂ fine particles prepared using ethylene glycol, which is a reducing compound, as a solvent have a light absorption peak shifted to the short wavelength side while improving the light absorption degree. By doing so, it is possible to further improve the infrared shielding performance while transmitting light having a wavelength corresponding to visible light.

Further, in the present embodiment, while the relatively large particles of Nb-TiO ₂ crystallite size is obtained, as shown in FIGS. 8 to 10 of the Examples below, the Nb-TiO ₂ obtained microparticles , Monodisperse or close to it. That is, the Nb—TiO ₂ fine particles with extremely large diameters (in addition to those with extremely small diameters) are hardly included, and the diameter is almost constant even when the entire fine particles are viewed. It is distributed or close to it. As a result, even if light is passed through the Nb—TiO ₂ fine particles, almost no scattered light is generated.
As for the degree of aggregation, the volume average diameter Mv in the liquid medium is not so large with respect to the crystallite diameter, and the degree of aggregation is extremely small.
As a result, for example, even when the infrared shielding material is applied to a window glass, visible light can be transmitted while shielding infrared rays.

  Although it is a form which supplements said effect, when the said method is employ | adopted, there also exist the following effects.

Amorphous titanium hydroxide that constitutes a gel network that suppresses aggregation is a Ti complex if corrected. Therefore, compared with the case where the alkoxide of Ti is used as it is as in Patent Document 3, the hydrolysis rate can be moderately suppressed. As a result, the concentration of amorphous titanium hydroxide does not suddenly reach the supersaturation level (concentration of the substance for generating crystal nuclei) as stated in the LaMer principle. In addition, by appropriately setting various conditions such as temperature and time, it becomes possible to control the timing when the concentration of amorphous titanium hydroxide exceeds the degree of supersaturation and the degree to which it exceeds, and new nucleation during the growth of fine particles can be achieved. It becomes possible to suppress. This means that the nucleation period and the fine particle growth period can be separated. When this separation becomes possible, the fine particles grow only from the crystal nuclei formed at the very beginning, and as a result, the state of aggregation is considerably reduced, and the monodispersion in which there are almost no extremely large or small particles. It is possible to generate Nb—TiO ₂ fine particles in a close state.

  Moreover, if the gel-sol method is employed, a large amount of metal oxide fine particles can be synthesized. Further, shape anisotropy can be introduced into the fine particles, and the crystallite diameter of the fine particles can be controlled. Further, it becomes possible to perform low-temperature sintering as compared with the solid phase method, and it is possible to suppress the aggregation of the growing fine particles.

In addition, as temperature conditions for performing the hydrolysis process including a gelatinization process and a sol formation process, 140 to 250 degreeC is preferable. If it is 140 degreeC or more, it is possible to fully produce a hydrolysis. If it is 250 degrees C or less, it will become possible to maintain a gel state long enough.
Moreover, as time conditions, it is preferable to carry out in 3h to 72h in view of sufficient hydrolysis and working efficiency.

In addition, the preferable range of the volume ratio of ethylene glycol and water when the solvent is ethylene glycol is (ethylene glycol) :( water) = 95: 5 to 50:50. In other words, it is preferable that [ethylene glycol] / ([ethylene glycol] + [water]) be 0.50 or more and 0.95 or less. If it is 0.50 or more, the oxygen deficiency effect by ethylene glycol can be sufficiently provided to Nb—TiO ₂ , and the infrared shielding performance of Nb—TiO ₂ can be improved. If it is 0.95 or less, the gelled solution can be sol stably.

  When the Nb ratio is 40%, as shown in the examples described later, it is necessary to adjust the amount of water relative to the solvent in order to perform the thermal decomposition process for an appropriate time without being too long. Therefore, in this embodiment, the volume ratio of water and the solvent is set to a value that allows the solution gelled in the gelation step to be solated by proceeding with hydrolysis. For example, as shown in Examples described later, when the molar ratio is [Ti]: [Nb] = 70: 30 before the hydrolysis step, the volume ratio of ethylene glycol to water is (ethylene glycol) :( water) = Set 90:10 or more water.

  However, the present embodiment is not limited to the various numerical ranges described above. In this embodiment, a hydrolysis process, that is, a gelation process and a solification process are performed. Performing both steps means that the Nb ratio, the volume ratio of the reducing compound and water in the preparation of the raw material before the hydrolysis step, the temperature condition and the time condition of the hydrolysis step are appropriately set. To do. That is, in the present embodiment, each of the above conditions is set to a value capable of causing gelation and sol formation by proceeding with hydrolysis.

1-C) Recovery Step In this step, after the hydrolysis step, the infrared shielding material fine particles precipitated as a sol are recovered by the above mechanism. As the recovery method, a known method for recovering the sol may be used. For example, the infrared shielding material fine particles may be collected by centrifugation. Moreover, you may wash | clean and dry with respect to the collect | recovered infrared shielding material microparticles | fine-particles suitably.

1-D) Others When the infrared shielding material fine particles are manufactured, the above recovery process may be performed. On the other hand, when producing a dispersion liquid in which the fine particles are dispersed in a liquid medium, a crushing treatment step of crushing the fine particles in the liquid medium is performed. In that case, it is preferable to set the crushing time to less than 10 hours.
According to the investigation by the present inventor, it has been found that the anatase phase that is the basis of the infrared shielding performance is easily destroyed by a mechanical crushing treatment or the like. On the other hand, the infrared shielding material fine particles obtained in the present embodiment have a very small degree of aggregation. Therefore, even when the infrared shielding material fine particle powder is produced from the infrared shielding material fine particles, it is not necessary to perform a pulverization process by a machine, or even if the pulverization process is performed, only a short time is required. Yes. Therefore, even if the crushing process is performed on the infrared shielding material fine particles, the anatase phase that is the basis of the infrared shielding performance can be retained by setting the time required for the treatment to less than 10 hours. .

In the hydrolysis step (gelation step), a compound for controlling the generation timing of crystal nuclei and the timing at which fine particles grow from the crystal nuclei may be added to the solution. Examples of this compound include ammonia and its compounds. In the hydrolysis step (gelation step), a reducing compound (for example, glycols) that causes oxygen deficiency with respect to Nb—TiO ₂ may be added to the solution.

<2. Infrared shielding material fine particles>
The infrared shielding material fine particles themselves produced by the method for producing the infrared shielding material fine particles of the present embodiment also have a great feature. Details will be described below.

  First, the infrared shielding material fine particles of the present embodiment are fine particles having an anatase type crystal structure (anatase phase) in which a part of Ti is substituted with Nb in a Ti oxide. In addition, the crystallite diameter obtained by XRD measurement of the fine particles is 9 nm to 15 nm.

  From the viewpoint of the degree of aggregation, the volume average diameter Mv (dispersed particle diameter) when the fine particles are dispersed in a liquid medium (for example, toluene) is 1.0 to 4.0 times the crystallite diameter ( Preferably it stays in the range of 1.0 times to 3.5 times. Further, as shown in the examples described later, Mv is preferably 40 nm or less, and more preferably 20 nm to 40 nm. That is, the infrared shielding material fine particles of the present embodiment have a low degree of aggregation of the fine particles even during XRD measurement. In addition, when the dispersion is dried as in Patent Document 2 and then heat-treated (fired at 550 ° C. as in the Examples of Patent Document 2), such a low degree of aggregation cannot be obtained.

Further, from the viewpoint that there are almost no extremely large or small-sized fine particles (that is, monodispersed or close to it), when the fine particles are dispersed in a liquid medium (for example, toluene), the Mv / D90 is 0.1. It remains in the range of 60 to 1.00 (preferably 0.75 to 1.00, more preferably 0.80 to 1.00). Thus, Mv / D90 having a value close to 1 means that the fine particles have the same particle diameter when dispersed in the liquid medium. It means that the particles have the same particle size even before the dispersion. This is because if the particle size is not uniform at the fine particle stage, the particle size is not uniform when dispersed in a liquid medium. Therefore, in the fine particles, Mv / D90 remains in the range of 0.60 to 1.00 even when not dispersed in the liquid medium.
As will be described in the examples described later, when the infrared shielding material fine particles of this example are dispersed in a liquid medium, the fine particles are very close to a monodispersed state as shown in FIGS. Infrared shielding material fine particles having Mv / D90 in the above range have a completely new structure even in light of the contents described in each patent document. In addition, as described in the above problem, the present invention relates to “infrared shielding” material fine particles. Therefore, there is no reason to focus on Mv / D90 in the first place from the viewpoint of conductivity as in Patent Documents 2 and 3.

  D10 / Mv and D10 / D90 can be defined in the same manner as Mv / D90. That is, from the viewpoint that there are almost no extremely large or small-sized fine particles (that is, monodispersed or close to it), when the fine particles are dispersed in a liquid medium (for example, toluene), D10 / Mv is 0.1. It remains in the range of 60 to 1.00 (preferably 0.65 to 1.00, more preferably 0.70 to 1.00, particularly preferably 0.80 to 1.00). Further, D10 / D90 remains in the range of 0.40 to 1.00 (preferably 0.45 to 1.00, more preferably 0.50 to 1.00, particularly preferably 0.70 to 1.00). . When D10 / Mv or D10 / D90 is a value close to 1, it is a matter of course that the fine particles are fine particles having a uniform particle diameter when dispersed in a liquid medium. It means that the particles have the same particle size even before the dispersion.

  Even if nano-scale microcrystallites of 9 nm to 15 nm are not taken into consideration, the low degree of aggregation as described above and the state of monodispersion or close to it are still surprising. . Therefore, the infrared shielding material fine particles of the present embodiment have a micron level (for example, 0.1 μm = 100 nm or slightly less than 0.2 μm = 180 nm) or a size smaller than 9 nm while exhibiting the function of being doped with metal. Even if it is a case where the crystallite diameter is reached, “the volume average diameter Mv when the fine particles are dispersed in toluene is in the range of 1.0 to 4.0 times the crystallite diameter”. There is a significant meaning. Similarly, “Mv / D90 is in the range of 0.60 to 1.00” also has technical significance. The same applies to the above-mentioned regulations regarding D10 / Mv and D10 / D90. Moreover, it is preferable to combine each said prescription | regulation suitably. Depending on the conditions, the various numerical ranges described above may fluctuate, but the present inventor is intensively studying this point.

Further, Nb—TiO ₂ needs to have an anatase phase in order to function as infrared shielding material fine particles. In the anatase phase, Ti is in the Ti ⁴⁺ ionic state and Nb is in the Nb ⁵⁺ ionic state. The relation between the ionic radii is Ti ⁴⁺ <Nb ⁵⁺ . Therefore, every time TiO ₂ is heavily doped with Nb, the a-axis and c-axis lattice constants increase in the crystal structure. In other words, the fact that the lattice constants of the a-axis and c-axis are measured even when TiO ₂ is doped with Nb means that a crystal structure is formed, that is, Nb is an element in TiO _2. Or it refers to being well doped at the ion level. Therefore, the rule for indicating that TiO ₂ is well doped with Nb is “a value in which the lattice constant of the a axis in the crystal structure exceeds 3.79Å (value in the case of TiO ₂ alone), In addition, the c-axis lattice constant exceeds 9.51 た (value in the case of TiO ₂ alone).

<3. Related to fine particles of infrared shielding material>
The idea of the present invention is also applied to related objects obtained from the infrared shielding material fine particles of the present embodiment, and the related objects also have a great technical feature.
For example, the infrared shielding material fine particle powder obtained by drying the above infrared shielding material fine particles is also included.
Moreover, the infrared shielding material fine particle dispersion liquid in which the above-described infrared shielding material fine particles are dispersed in a liquid medium may be mentioned. You may produce the said dispersion liquid after performing said crushing process process. The liquid medium mentioned here is not particularly limited as long as the infrared shielding material fine particles can be dispersed, and a known medium may be used.
In addition, an infrared shielding material fine particle dispersion in which the above-described infrared shielding material fine particles are dispersed in a solid medium may also be mentioned. The solid medium is not particularly limited as long as the infrared shielding material fine particles can be dispersed, and a known medium (glass or resin) may be used.
Moreover, the coating base material by which the film containing said infrared shielding material microparticles | fine-particles is provided in the base-material surface is also mentioned. The substrate is not particularly limited as long as the film can be formed, and a known substrate (glass substrate or resin substrate (substrate or film)) may be used.

As a result of the above, the embodiment has the above-described effects. Summarizing these effects, there is provided a method capable of realizing good workability when manufacturing infrared shielding material fine particles that are Nb-doped TiO ₂ fine particles and sufficiently function as an infrared shielding material. In addition, it is possible to provide the infrared shielding material fine particles and the related substances with improved infrared shielding performance.

In the present embodiment, an example in which Nb is doped into TiO ₂ has been described. However, the present embodiment can be applied to a case where other metals are doped in addition to Nb. For example, similar to Ti complexes and Nb complexes, other metal complexes may be prepared, and hydrolysis may be performed in the presence of these complexes. In addition, the said other metal does not need to be 1 type, and you may produce the complex about 2 types of metals, respectively. In addition, about the specific example (Compound (alkoxide etc.) containing the said other metal, complexing agent) until complexing, you may select suitably from what was enumerated above. By doing so, an infrared shielding material having an anatase phase and doped with Nb and other metals with respect to TiO ₂ can be obtained.

  Examples of the present invention will be specifically described below together with comparative examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

(Manufacture of infrared shielding material fine particle powder)
In this example, the following was used.
Ti-containing compound: Titanium tetraisopropoxide (TIPO)
Complexing agent A ... Triethanolamine (TEOA)
Nb-containing compound: niobium ethoxide
Complexing agent B ... Triethanolamine (TEOA)
Solvent ... Ethylene glycol (EG)

First, in a nitrogen atmosphere, TIPO (14.21 g) and TEOA (14.92 g) were mixed and stirred overnight at room temperature to prepare a Ti complex. And the Ti complex solution from which the metal concentration of Ti is set to 0.5M was prepared by adding ethylene glycol (henceforth only EG) and making the whole quantity to 100 mL.
Similarly, niobium ethoxide (15.90 g) and TEOA (14.92 g) were mixed in a nitrogen atmosphere and stirred at 50 ° C. overnight to prepare an Nb complex. And the Nb complex solution from which the metal concentration of Nb will be 0.5M was prepared by adding ethylene glycol and making the whole quantity to 100 mL.

And Ti complex solution (4 mL), Nb complex solution (1 mL), ethylene glycol (4 mL), and ion-exchange water (1 mL) are mixed, and the molar ratio of Ti and Nb is [Ti]: [Nb] = 80: 20. Then, hydrolysis (solvothermal synthesis) was performed on a solution in which the volume ratio of ethylene glycol and water was (EG) :( water) = 90: 10. Hereinafter, (EG) :( water) represents the volume ratio of EG to water. Specifically, as the hydrolysis, an autoclave with a Teflon (registered trademark) liner was used, and heating was continued at 220 ° C. for 72 hours. After performing the hydrolysis step in this way, the deposited infrared shielding material fine particles were collected by solid-liquid separation by centrifugation. The collected fine particles were washed several times with ethanol or ion exchange water. And it was made to dry at 60 degreeC overnight, and the infrared shielding material fine particle powder was obtained.
In addition, in the result of the Example described below, it is a result regarding the sample produced on said conditions unless there is special mention.

  Incidentally, the molar ratio of Ti and Nb in the solution before the hydrolysis step is set every 10 between [Ti]: [Nb] = 90: 10-60: 40 (90:10, 80:20,... ) And the same test was conducted.

  Further, the volume ratio of ethylene glycol and water is set to (EG) :( water) = 100: 0, 99: 1, 95: 5, 90:10, 85:15, 80:20, 50:50, respectively. The same test was conducted.

(Measurement)
First, each solution ((EG) :( water) = 100: 0 to 50:50) before the step of collecting the infrared shielding material fine particles was visually observed.
Next, the shape of the fine particles was observed with respect to the powder using a transmission electron microscope (TEM, HF-2200 manufactured by Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation).
In addition, XRD measurement was performed using an X-ray diffractometer (X'Pert Pro MRD manufactured by PANalytical) to evaluate the crystal structure and lattice constant.

Further, in the presence of an acidic polyester dispersant containing a non-volatile components of the powder and equivalents, the concentration of Nb-TiO ₂ and 4 wt%, and the powder was dispersed in toluene. At that time, a paint shaker was used as a crushing process for the fine particles. At that time, the crushing time was set to 3 h. Then, using a dynamic light scattering type particle size distribution measuring apparatus (Nikkiso UPA150), the dispersion was subjected to particle size distribution measurement by a dynamic light scattering method to evaluate the dispersion state of the fine particles.
Moreover, the transmission spectrum measurement was performed with respect to the said dispersion liquid using the spectrophotometer (Hitachi High-Technologies U-4000), and the infrared absorption characteristic was evaluated.

(result)
First, as seen throughout the above test results, a larger amount of infrared shielding material fine particles could be obtained as the reaction temperature was higher and the time was longer. However, the higher the Nb ratio, the smaller the amount of infrared shielding material fine particles. This is considered due to the fact that the reaction rate accompanying hydrolysis is slowed by the presence of Nb. Moreover, even when the ratio of EG was high, the amount of fine particles of infrared shielding material was reduced. Like Nb, it is considered that the reaction speed accompanying hydrolysis is slowed by the presence of EG.

The appearance of the solution changed from a brown gel to a white to blue sol as the fine particles (Nb—TiO ₂ ) grew. Moreover, the blueness of the sol increased as the metal concentration of Nb increased. This suggests that light having a wavelength in the near infrared region due to red is absorbed.

  Here, the result of appearance observation of the infrared shielding material fine particle sol according to the ratio of EG is shown in FIG. The upper part of the photograph in FIG. 3 is a photograph when the hydrolysis process time is 24 h. In this case, it can be seen that if (EG) :( water) = 90: 10 or less EG, a blue sol is formed, and the infrared shielding material fine particles are normally formed. On the other hand, the lower part of the photograph of FIG. 3 is a photograph when the time of the hydrolysis step is 72 h. In this case, in order to normally form infrared shielding material fine particles, (EG): (water) = Allowed up to 95: 5.

  Next, the result of external observation of the infrared shielding material fine particle sol corresponding to the Nb ratio is shown in FIG. The upper part of the photograph in FIG. 4 is a photograph when (EG) :( water) = 95: 5. In this case, if the molar ratio of Ti and Nb in the solution before the hydrolysis step is [Ti]: [Nb] = 80: 20 or less than Nb, a blue sol is formed, and infrared shielding material fine particles are normally formed. You can see that On the other hand, the lower part of the photograph in FIG. 4 is a photograph when (EG) :( water) = 90: 10. In this case, in order to form the infrared shielding material fine particles normally, [Ti] : [Nb] = 80: 20 to 70:30.

  Next, the results of TEM observation will be described. FIG. 5 shows that the EG and water volume ratios before the hydrolysis step were hydrolyzed in a solution with (a) 99: 1, (b) 95: 5, (c) 90:10, and (d) 85:15. The TEM image of the said microparticles | fine-particles obtained after performing decomposition | disassembly is shown. In (b) to (d), fine particles of several tens of nm were obtained. On the other hand, in the case of (a), fine particles were not obtained in the first place, and the solution was in an amorphous state.

Next, the results of XRD measurement will be described. FIG. 6 shows an XRD diffraction pattern of the fine particles. When the volume ratio of EG to water was (EG) :( water) = 95: 5 to 85:15, it was shown to have a crystal structure composed of the anatase phase of TiO ₂ . It was also shown that the anatase phase, which is a metastable phase, was selectively formed and the anatase phase was formed as a single phase.
The results of the lattice constant and the crystallite diameter are shown in FIG. FIG. 7 is a table showing the results obtained by XRD measurement in this example, and shows the relationship between the Nb ratio, the volume percentage of ethylene glycol, the temperature, time, lattice constant, and crystallite diameter in the hydrolysis step. is there. Referring to FIG. 7, in the crystal structure, the a-axis lattice constant exceeds 3.79 (value in the case of TiO ₂ alone), and the c-axis lattice constant is 9.51 (in TiO ₂ alone). Value). As a result, it was found that TiO ₂ was well doped with Nb.

Next, the result of the particle size distribution measurement by the dynamic light scattering method will be described.
FIG. 8 is a graph (a) and a table showing the results of particle size measurement by the dynamic light scattering method when a sample with a hydrolysis process time of 24 h and a crushing treatment time of 3 h is dispersed in toluene. b).
FIG. 9 is a graph (a) and a table showing the results of particle size measurement by the dynamic light scattering method when a sample having a hydrolysis process time of 72 h and a crushing treatment time of 3 h is dispersed in toluene. b).
FIG. 10 is a graph (a) and a table showing the results of particle size measurement by the dynamic light scattering method when a sample having a hydrolysis process time of 24 h and a crushing treatment time of 1 h is dispersed in toluene. b).
In the table, the value of crystallite diameter (Å) determined by the above XRD measurement is also described.
As a result, Mv / crystallite diameter was within a range of 1.0 to 4.0 times. Moreover, Mv / D90 was settled in the range of 0.60-1.00. Furthermore, D10 / Mv remained in the range of 0.60 to 1.00, and D10 / D90 remained in the range of 0.40 to 1.00. That is, D90, which should be a large value or D10, which should be a small value, shows a very close value to the volume average diameter Mv. It was found that the fine particles in the example had a remarkably small degree of aggregation and were in a state of being monodispersed or close thereto.

  Next, the results of transmission spectrum measurement performed on the dispersion will be described. The result is shown in FIG. FIG. 11A shows how the transmission spectrum changes according to the ratio of EG. However, in FIG. 11B, the graph is created by setting the transmittance peak (maximum value) to 70% for all the samples. Referring to FIG. 11, when (EG) :( water) = 90: 10 or more EG, the effect of oxygen deficiency is remarkably exhibited and the infrared absorption performance is improved at a stretch.

Further, after changing both the molar ratio of Ti and Nb in the solution before the hydrolysis step and the volume ratio of ethylene glycol and water, the infrared shielding fine particle material powder was dispersed in toluene by the above-described method. The results of transmission spectrum measurement on the dispersion will be described. FIG. 12 shows the result. However, in FIG. 12, the graph is created by setting the transmittance peak (maximum value) to 70% for all the samples.
Referring to FIG. 12, the molar ratio of Ti and Nb in the solution before the hydrolysis step is [Ti]: [Nb] = 80: 20 to 70:30, and the volume ratio of EG to water is (EG) :( In the case of water) = 95: 5 to 90:10, it was found that the infrared shielding performance and visible light transmission performance were significantly improved.

Claims (14)

A method for producing fine particles of infrared shielding material,
A solution containing a Ti complex obtained by reacting a Ti-containing compound and a complexing agent A, an Nb complex obtained by reacting an Nb-containing compound and the complexing agent B, and water, and using a reducing compound as a solvent. A hydrolysis step for causing hydrolysis of each complex by heating;
After the hydrolysis step, a recovery step of recovering the infrared shielding material fine particles that are precipitates;
Have
The hydrolysis step includes
A gelling step of gelling the solution by advancing the hydrolysis;
A solification step in which the solution gelled in the gelation step is solated by allowing the hydrolysis to proceed;
The manufacturing method of infrared shielding material microparticles | fine-particles which have these.   The method for producing fine particles of infrared shielding material according to claim 1, wherein the Ti-containing compound is a Ti alkoxide, and the Nb-containing compound is an Nb alkoxide.   The method for producing fine particles of infrared shielding material according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the complexing agent A and the complexing agent B is triethanolamine. The solvent is ethylene glycol;
4. The method for producing fine particles of infrared shielding material according to claim 3, wherein a volume ratio of the ethylene glycol and the water is (ethylene glycol) :( water) = 95: 5 to 50:50.   The infrared shielding material fine particles according to claim 1, wherein a molar ratio of Ti and Nb in the solution before the hydrolysis step is [Ti]: [Nb] = 90: 10 to 60:40. Manufacturing method. A method for producing an infrared shielding material fine particle dispersion,
A solution containing a Ti complex obtained by reacting a Ti-containing compound and a complexing agent A, an Nb complex obtained by reacting an Nb-containing compound and the complexing agent B, and water, and using a reducing compound as a solvent. A hydrolysis step for causing hydrolysis of each complex by heating;
After the hydrolysis step, a recovery step of recovering the infrared shielding material fine particles that are precipitates;
A crushing treatment step of crushing the infrared shielding material fine particles in the liquid medium when the collected infrared shielding material fine particles are dispersed in the liquid medium;
Have
The hydrolysis step includes
A gelling step of gelling the solution by advancing the hydrolysis;
A solification step in which the solution gelled in the gelation step is solated by allowing the hydrolysis to proceed;
Have
The manufacturing method of the infrared shielding material fine particle dispersion liquid which makes the crushing processing time in the said crushing process process less than 10 hours. Infrared shielding material fine particles having an anatase type crystal structure in which a part of Ti is substituted with Nb in a Ti oxide and satisfying at least one of the following conditions.
(1) The value (Mv / D90) obtained by dividing the volume average diameter of the fine particles by D90 is 0.60 to 1.00.
(2) The value (D10 / Mv) obtained by dividing D10 of the fine particles by the volume average diameter is 0.60 to 1.00.
(3) The value (D10 / D90) obtained by dividing D10 of the fine particles by D90 is 0.40 to 1.00.   The infrared shielding material fine particles according to claim 7, wherein a crystallite diameter of the infrared shielding material fine particles is 9 nm to 15 nm.   The infrared shielding material fine particles according to claim 7 or 8, wherein a volume average diameter of the infrared shielding material fine particles is 1.0 to 4.0 times a crystallite diameter.   The infrared shielding according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein a lattice constant of an a-axis lattice constant exceeds 3.79 超 え and a c-axis lattice constant exceeds 9.51Å. Material fine particles.   Infrared shielding material fine particle powder obtained by drying the infrared shielding material fine particles according to any one of claims 7 to 10.   An infrared shielding material fine particle dispersion in which the infrared shielding material fine particles according to any one of claims 7 to 10 are dispersed in a liquid medium.   An infrared shielding material fine particle dispersion in which the infrared shielding material fine particles according to claim 7 are dispersed in a solid medium.   The coating base material in which the film containing the infrared shielding material fine particle in any one of Claims 7-10 is provided in the base-material surface.