JP6117971B1 - Condition monitoring device - Google Patents

Abstract

An apparatus for monitoring the state of vibration acceleration, temperature, etc. of a rotating body, capable of obtaining desired power in a non-contact manner, and realizing the apparatus for monitoring the state of vibration acceleration, temperature, etc. of the rotating body. In a state monitoring device attached to a rotator, a magnetic field applying unit 100a that applies a magnetic field from the outside of the rotator and a movable part resonates from a change in the magnetic field caused by the rotation of the rotator to efficiently generate power. By using the power generation unit 30, it is possible to obtain a wireless state monitoring device that does not require power supply from the outside of the battery or the rotating body. [Selection] Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a state monitoring device that monitors states such as vibration acceleration and temperature of a rotating body, and more particularly to a state monitoring device that can monitor a state without using a transmission component such as a slip ring.

  When the magnet is vibrated so as to pass through the conductive coil, an induced current is generated in the coil and an electromotive force is generated. There is an electromagnetic induction generator using a leaf spring that utilizes this principle. Electric energy can be generated by vibrating a movable part composed of a magnet and a yoke of such a generator based on a magnetic field change outside the rotating body.

  In addition, by using a generator that applies a magnetic field from the outside of the rotating body, it is possible to drive a device that generates electric energy and monitors the state of the rotating body without the need for power supply by a power cable or a battery. From this point of view, it is expected that the state monitoring device of the present system will be used in many applications where economic advantages or operational advantages are expected.

  As a conventional technique of a monitoring device using power supply using an external magnetic field, there is one in which an annular power generation mechanism is attached to a shaft (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In addition, there is one that obtains electric power from a coil provided on a rotating body by applying a magnetic field from the outside (for example, see Patent Document 2). In addition, a wireless status monitoring device that does not require power supply using the energy of the external magnetic field is realized by incorporating a wireless sensor in the monitoring device that operates using the power of the generator that applies the magnetic field from the outside of the rotating body. can do.

Japanese Patent No. 3786799 JP 2009-265052 A

  In a conventional apparatus for monitoring the state of vibration acceleration, temperature, etc. of a rotating body, power supply to the rotating apparatus attached to the rotating body becomes a problem. In a slip ring using a contacting brush, the contact between the contacting brush and the rotating ring causes a decrease in reliability, and the structure is complicated. In recent years, a non-contact power supply using an electromagnetic field may be introduced, but it is necessary to apply an electromagnetic field at a high frequency from the outer periphery, and it is necessary to supply power to the electromagnetic field application device. The effect of electromagnetic fields on nearby devices is also an issue.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and can obtain a desired electric power in a non-contact manner with a simpler structure than conventional ones, and the state of vibration acceleration, temperature, etc. of the rotating body can be obtained. The purpose is to realize a status monitoring device for monitoring.

  A state monitoring device according to the present invention is a state monitoring device that is attached to a rotating body and has sensors for monitoring vibration acceleration and temperature states of the rotating body, each time the shaft of the rotating body rotates. A magnetic field applying unit that is fixed at a position close to the state monitoring device with a certain gap, has a plurality of magnetic poles, and applies a magnetic field from the outside of the rotating body, and a permanent magnet configured in a cylindrical or cylindrical shape And two coils that are fixedly arranged at intervals on the outer periphery of the permanent magnet, and two rolls that are provided at both ends in the axial direction of the permanent magnet to suppress rolling in a plane orthogonal to the axial direction. A power generation unit that includes a leaf spring, is attached to the rotating body, and generates electric power by relative motion between the permanent magnet and the coil, by virtue of the permanent magnet vibrating in the axial direction by a magnetic field from the magnetic field application unit; , By the power generation unit Driven by the generated power, repeats the activation state and the sleep state in a preset cycle, and collects sensor information from the sensor for each cycle of the activation state, and is collected by the processing unit A wireless unit that wirelessly transmits sensor information.

  According to the present invention, in the state monitoring device attached to the rotating body, the magnetic field applying unit that applies a magnetic field from the outside of the rotating body and the movable part vibrates from the change of the magnetic field caused by the rotation of the rotating body, thereby efficiently generating power. By using the generator, it is possible to obtain a wireless state monitoring device that does not require power supply from the battery or the outside of the rotating body using a power cable.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the state monitoring apparatus in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is an enlarged view of the A section of FIG. 1 which shows the structure of the state monitoring apparatus in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the internal structure of the magnetic field application part and state monitoring apparatus of the state monitoring apparatus in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the internal structure of the electric power generation part inside the state monitoring apparatus in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the internal structure of the electric power generation part inside the state monitoring apparatus in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the internal structure of the electric power generation part inside the state monitoring apparatus in Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the state monitoring apparatus in Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is an enlarged view which shows the magnetic field application part, state monitoring apparatus, and receiver of the state monitoring apparatus in Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the state monitoring apparatus in Embodiment 4 of this invention. It is an enlarged view which shows the magnetic field application part, state monitoring apparatus, and receiver of the state monitoring apparatus in Embodiment 4 of this invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The present invention is a state monitoring device that is attached to a rotating body and monitors the state of vibration acceleration, temperature, etc. of the rotating body, and includes a magnetic field application unit that is installed in the rotating body with a predetermined gap, and a state monitoring device A receiver for receiving information wirelessly transmitted from the apparatus, a permanent magnet configured in a columnar shape or a cylindrical shape, a coil fixedly disposed on the outer periphery of the permanent magnet with an interval, and a permanent Two leaf springs that are respectively held by leaf springs at both ends in the axial direction of the magnet, and that the movable part made of the permanent magnet and the spacer is prevented from rolling in a plane perpendicular to the axial direction. And a built-in power generation unit that generates power by the relative movement of the permanent magnet and the coil when the permanent magnet vibrates in the axial direction, and the magnetic field mark having a state monitoring device and a plurality of magnetic poles by rotating the rotating body. Excellent effect that the sensor information can be transmitted wirelessly by operating the wireless sensor part of the state monitoring device by changing the position with the part and changing the magnetic field and vibrating the movable part of the generator to obtain power Can be obtained.

  A preferred embodiment of a state monitoring apparatus of the present invention having such technical features will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
First, the environment in which the state monitoring apparatus of the present invention is installed, the configuration of a magnetic field application unit that serves as a power supply source, and an electromagnetic induction type power generation unit will be described.

  When the magnet is vibrated so as to pass through the conductive coil, an induced current is generated in the coil and an electromotive force is generated. There is an electromagnetic induction generator using a leaf spring that utilizes this principle. By providing such a magnet that is connected to the movable part of the generator and generates an attractive force and a repulsive force by a magnetic field in the external environment, the movable part can vibrate due to a change in the magnetic field to generate electric energy.

  There is a demand for monitoring state information such as vibration acceleration and temperature for managing the trend of aging deterioration in bearings of large rotating equipment and main shafts of wind power generation. In such an application, it is conceivable to use non-contact electric energy generating means that does not require power supply by a battery or a power cable because a location where state monitoring is performed is a rotating body. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the installation location is applied to equipment having a movable part such as a belt conveyor or a movable part of an automatic warehouse.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a state monitoring device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and illustrates a state where the state monitoring device is attached to a large-diameter shaft. The state monitoring device 10a is fixed to the rotating body shaft 400a with a screw or a band-shaped fixture, and a gap is provided so that the magnetic field applying unit 100a does not contact the state monitoring device 10a when the rotating body shaft 400a rotates. It is fixed by the installation tool 300a. The installation tool 300a is attached with a receiver 200a so as to receive sensor information wirelessly transmitted from the state monitoring device 10a.

  FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a part A in FIG. 1 showing the configuration of the state monitoring apparatus. As shown in FIG. 2, the state monitoring device 10 a attached to the rotating body shaft 400 a comes close to the magnetic field applying unit 100 a with a certain gap each time the rotating body shaft 400 a rotates.

  FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the internal configuration of the magnetic field application unit 100a and the state monitoring device 10a of the state monitoring device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, every time the shaft 400a of the rotating body makes one rotation, the magnetic field application unit 100a approaches the magnetic field application unit 100a with a certain gap. Are alternately inverted and arranged at regular intervals. For this reason, the polarity of the magnetic field applied to the power generation unit 30 incorporated in the state monitoring device 10a is alternately reversed at a cycle determined by the rotation speed of the shaft 400a of the rotating body and the distance between each pole of the magnet. The electric power obtained by the power generation unit 30 in which the movable part vibrates due to the alternately reversing magnetic field is supplied to the wireless sensor unit 50, and sensor information on the vibration acceleration of the rotating body measured by the vibration sensor 40 from the wireless sensor unit 50. Is transmitted wirelessly.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an internal structure of the power generation unit 30 built in the state monitoring device 10a according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the power generation unit includes a permanent magnet 12a, 12b configured in a columnar shape or a cylindrical shape and a movable portion in which yokes 13a, 13b, 14 are connected by spacers 15a, 15b. The plate springs 11a and 12b are provided at both ends in the direction to suppress rolling in a plane orthogonal to the axial direction, and are fixed to the fixed frame 21 by fixing them with bolts 16 and connecting columns 17. . The coil bracket 20 is fixed with a coil 19 disposed with a gap around the outer periphery of the permanent magnet, and the outer periphery of the movable part and the inner periphery of the coil 19 are fixed with a certain gap. A repulsion / attraction magnet 18 is attached to the connecting column, and repulsion and attraction force are applied to the movable portion by an external magnetic field.

  As described above, the movable part resonates with the resonance frequency determined by the spring constants of the leaf springs 11a and 11b and the mass of the movable part, and the structure vibrates in the axial direction by the change of the magnetic pole of the external magnetic field. When the part vibrates, an electromotive force is generated in the coil 19.

  For example, when the rotating body is rotating at 20 rpm, the shaft 400a of the rotating body has a diameter of 600 mm, the height of the state monitoring device 10a is 50 mm, and the gap to the magnetic field application unit 100a is calculated as 10 mm. When the radius from the center of the shaft 400a to the magnetic pole is 360 mm, and the resonance frequency of the power generation unit 30 is 20 Hz at this time, the S and N poles of the magnet are spaced at an interval L expressed by the following formula (1). By arranging this, it is possible to efficiently generate power by matching the resonance frequency of the power generation unit 30.

  When the above example is applied to Equation (1), Equation (2) is obtained, and the distance L between the S pole and the N pole is 18.85 mm.

Here, each code | symbol in Formula (1) has shown the following content.
r: Radius (mm) from the magnetic pole surface of the magnetic field application unit 100a to the axis 400a of the rotating body
N: Rotating speed of rotating body (rpm)
f: Resonance frequency (Hz) of the power generation unit 30

  FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an internal configuration of the power generation unit inside the state monitoring apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, every time the rotating body rotates and approaches the magnetic field application unit, the power generation unit 30 resonates with the magnetic field to generate AC power, and the AC generated by the power generation unit 30 is generated. The electric power is input to the power supply unit 54 built in the wireless sensor unit 50 and rectified, and then stored in the power storage unit 55. The electric power stored in the power storage unit 55 is converted to a constant voltage by the power supply unit 54 and supplied to the processing unit 52. The processing unit 52 repeatedly starts and sleeps at a cycle set in an internal timer, and controls the start of power supply to the vibration sensor 40, the A / D conversion unit 51, and the wireless unit 53 at the time of startup, The vibration acceleration detected by the sensor 40 is converted from a voltage value to a digital value by the A / D conversion unit 51 and input to the processing unit 52. The processing unit 52 wirelessly transmits information about vibration acceleration by controlling the wireless unit 53.

  As described above, according to the first embodiment, in the state monitoring device attached to the rotator, the magnetic field application unit 100a that applies a magnetic field from the outside of the rotator and the change from the magnetic field caused by the rotation of the rotator are movable. Relative motion between the permanent magnets 12a and 12b and the coil 19 when the permanent magnets 12a and 12b vibrate in the axial direction by the magnetic field from the magnetic field applying unit 100a. By using the power generation unit 30 that generates electric power, a wireless state monitoring device that does not require power supply from the outside of the battery or the rotating body can be obtained.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the internal configuration of the power generation unit inside the state monitoring apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, and is a diagram showing the configuration in the case where the inclination sensor 56 is provided. In the second embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the same operation as that of the state monitoring apparatus of the first embodiment is performed. However, when the processing unit 52 controls wireless transmission, the state monitoring apparatus uses the inclination information of the inclination sensor 56. The position of the rotation angle of the rotating body is detected, and control is performed so that transmission is started at a timing at which the radio wave emission coincides with the direction of the receiver. Thereby, even when a receiver that wirelessly receives sensor information is installed at a location away from the state monitoring device, wireless transmission can be ensured.

  5 and 6, in addition to the vibration sensor 40, a temperature sensor for monitoring the temperature of the rotating body is connected to control the temperature of the bearing in addition to the vibration of the rotating body. Can be monitored. Further, by connecting a pressure sensor, it is possible to monitor the state of pressure inside a rotating body such as a tire.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
Next, the power generation unit according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the configuration of the state monitoring device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is an enlarged view showing the magnetic field application unit, the state monitoring device, and the receiver of the state monitoring device.

  As shown in FIG. 7, in order to measure the vibration acceleration of the shaft when the motor load 520 is connected to the motor 500 via the motor shaft 510, the state monitoring device attached to the motor shaft 510 which is a rotating body. It is necessary to supply power to For this reason, as shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 8, the state monitoring device 10b is attached to the motor shaft 510, and when the motor shaft 510 rotates, the installation tool 300b is arranged so that the state monitoring device 10b and the magnetic field applying unit 100b are close to each other. The power can be supplied to the state monitoring device 10b by the magnetic field from the magnetic field applying unit 100b. As shown in the first and second embodiments, the state monitoring device 10b acquires sensor information with the electric power obtained by the internal power generation unit, performs wireless transmission, and wirelessly transmits the sensor information to the receiver 100b.

Embodiment 4 FIG.
Next, the power generation unit according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention will be described. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the configuration of the state monitoring device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention, and FIG. 10 is an enlarged view showing the magnetic field application unit, the state monitoring device, and the receiver of the state monitoring device.

  When the state monitoring device is applied to the wind power generator 700, the rotation of the blade 810 of the wind power generator 700 is coupled to the speed increaser 720 via the hub 800 and the bearing 740 via the main shaft 730. After the rotational speed of the machine 720 increases, the rotation is transmitted to the generator 700 via the generator shaft 710. In order to measure the vibration acceleration of the main shaft 730 of the wind power generator 700, it is necessary to attach a state monitoring device including a vibration sensor to the main shaft 730, which is a rotating body, and supply power. For this reason, as shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 10, the state monitoring device 10c is attached to the main shaft 730, and when the main shaft 730 rotates, the state monitoring device 10c and the magnetic field applying unit 100c are installed by the installation tool 300c. Thus, power can be supplied to the state monitoring device 10c by the magnetic field from the magnetic field application unit 100c. As shown in the first and second embodiments, the state monitoring device 10c acquires sensor information with the electric power obtained by the internal power generation unit, performs wireless transmission, and wirelessly transmits the sensor information to the receiver 100c.

  As described above, according to the fourth embodiment, in the state monitoring device attached to the main shaft of the wind power generator, the movable portion is caused by the magnetic field applying unit that applies the magnetic field from the outside and the change in the magnetic field due to the rotation of the main shaft. By using a generator that vibrates and generates power efficiently, a monitoring device can be obtained for the rotation state of the shaft of a wireless wind generator that does not require power supply from the outside of the battery or the rotating body.

10a to 10c: state monitoring devices 11a, 11b: leaf springs 12a, 12b: magnets 13a, 13b: yokes
14: Yoke 15a, 15b: Spacer
16: Bolt
17: Connecting column
18: Magnet for repulsion / attraction
19: Coil
20: Bracket for coil
21: Fixed frame 22a, 22b: Mounting base
30: Power generation unit
40: Vibration sensor
50: Wireless sensor unit
51: A / D converter
52: Processing unit
53: Radio section
54: Power supply
55: Power storage unit
56: Tilt sensor section
60: Antennas 100a to 100c: Magnetic field application units 200a to 200c: Receivers 300a to 300b: Installation tools 400a to 400b: Rotating body shaft
500: Motor
510: Motor shaft
520: Motor load
700: Generator
710: Generator shaft
720: gearbox
730: Spindle
740: Bearing
800: Hub
810: Blade

Claims (6)

A state monitoring device attached to a rotating body and having a sensor for monitoring vibration acceleration and temperature of the rotating body,
A magnetic field application unit that is fixed at a position close to the state monitoring device with a certain gap each time the shaft of the rotating body rotates, has a plurality of magnetic poles, and applies a magnetic field from the outside of the rotating body,
In a plane perpendicular to the axial direction provided at both ends in the axial direction of the permanent magnet, a permanent magnet configured in a columnar shape or a cylindrical shape, a coil fixedly arranged with a space around the outer periphery of the permanent magnet The permanent magnet and the coil that are attached to the rotating body and vibrate in the axial direction by a magnetic field from the magnetic field application unit. A power generation unit that generates power by relative movement with
A processing unit that is driven by the power generated by the power generation unit, repeats the activation state and the sleep state at a preset cycle, and collects sensor information from the sensor for each cycle of the activation state;
A state monitoring device comprising: a wireless unit that wirelessly transmits sensor information collected by the processing unit. In the state monitoring device according to claim 1,
The power generation unit is attached to a shaft of a rotating body that connects a load, and generates power by vibrating in the axial direction by a magnetic field from the magnetic field application unit. In the state monitoring device according to claim 1 or 2,
The sensor includes a vibration sensor for monitoring vibration acceleration of the rotating body, and a temperature sensor for monitoring a temperature state of the rotating body,
The processing unit is driven by the electric power generated by the power generation unit, collects vibration acceleration data from the vibration sensor at a preset cycle, and collects temperature data of the axis of the rotating body from the temperature sensor. A state monitoring device. In the state monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The power generation unit is attached to a main shaft that connects between a bearing to which a blade of a wind power generator is attached and the power generator, and the magnetic field application unit is fixed at a position close to the main shaft. Status monitoring device to perform. In the state monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The magnetic poles of the magnetic field application unit are arranged at intervals at which the resonance frequency of the power generation unit, the rotation speed of the rotating body to which the power generation unit is attached, and the polarity reversal period of the magnetic field by the plurality of magnetic poles of the magnetic field application unit coincide. The state monitoring device characterized by being made. In the state monitoring apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
An inclination sensor for detecting which position the rotation angle of the rotating body is;
The processing unit starts transmission at a timing when the radio wave emission coincides with the direction of the receiver that receives the wirelessly transmitted information based on the inclination information of the inclination sensor when controlling the wireless transmission. A state monitoring device characterized by performing control.

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