JP6032688B2 - Composition for inhibiting fat accumulation - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a composition comprising carnitine or a salt thereof and a plant-derived polysaccharide.

In recent years, lifestyle diseases such as obesity, high blood pressure, and abnormal blood sugar levels have increased in Japan due to the westernization of dietary habits, and an increase in medical expenses has become a major social problem. In particular, obesity is a problem not only for the accumulation of subcutaneous fat, but also for the accumulation of visceral fat, which is an attracting material for hypertension, diabetes, etc., and triggers for serious diseases such as heart disease. . 2008
Since 2000, we have been providing guidance on improving lifestyle by conducting screening for metabolic syndrome and lifestyle-related diseases, and in particular, guidance on dietary habits has accounted for a large proportion of lifestyle-related diseases caused by dietary habits. In order to reduce the number of affected individuals, research and development of foods for specified health use and nutritional functional foods as active methods for improving dietary habits are being conducted.

For the development of foods for specified health use and functional nutritional foods, it is essential to search for and evaluate functional ingredients in food materials. At present, various functional components have been searched and their effects are being clarified. As typical functions, the intestinal action of oligosaccharides and the effect of inhibiting the accumulation of neutral fat in diacylglycerol are known. In addition to these, the functionality of various food ingredients has been reported and contributes to the development of food for specified health use.

In order to control obesity, we started teaching how to ensure proper intake of nutrients from food,
Although artificial efforts by individuals such as calorie consumption due to exercise etc. are effective, the burden on individuals may be increased. Therefore, in order to reduce the burden on the individual and obtain an obesity suppressing effect, it would be more preferable if there was a functional food having an absorption suppression of excess nutrients and a fat burning effect.

Among food materials, polysaccharides, especially dietary fiber, etc., have been reported to have functionalities such as intestinal action, and are further known to have an effect of suppressing absorption of cholesterol and carbohydrates (Patent Literature) 1, 2). However, since this action alone is an indirect action of suppressing excessive nutrient accumulation, the obesity-suppressing effect is unknown.

L-carnitine is a food material that has attracted attention in recent years, and has attracted attention for functions such as fat burning due to increased energy metabolism, anti-fatigue effect, and renal function improvement (Patent Documents 3, 4, and 5). The cell level report reports that there is an energy metabolism effect, but recent reports indicate that there is a question mark on the fat burning effect due to increased energy metabolism at the individual level. (Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2)

JP 2009-34031 JP 2007-48 JP 2007-330124 A International Publication No. 2006/103750 Pamphlet Japanese Patent No. 3719478

Int. J. Vitam. Nutr. Res. 75 (2): 156-60 (2005) Ann. Nutr. Metab. 48 (2): 90-94 (2004)

An object of the present invention is to provide a food ingredient that can prevent obesity, improve it and thereby prevent and improve lifestyle-related diseases by utilizing the food functionality of dietary fiber and carnitine to obtain a more effective anti-obesity effect. And providing a food intake method.

As a result of diligent research to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors mixed L-carnitine in addition to dietary fiber and used this mixture to reduce obesity compared to conventional methods. Succeeded in finding a way to get effective.

That is, the present invention is as follows.
(1) A composition comprising carnitine or a salt thereof and a plant-derived polysaccharide.
An example of carnitine is L-carnitine, and an example of a salt of carnitine is L-carnitine fumarate.
Furthermore, examples of plant-derived polysaccharides include gelatin, soybean polysaccharide, agar, pectin, guar gum, gum arabic, xanthan gum, carrageenan, tamarind, tara gum, alginic acid, pullulan, locust bean gum, carboxymethylcellulose, psyllium,
There may be mentioned at least one selected from the group consisting of curdlan, gellan gum and mannans, preferably guar gum and / or tara gum.
Examples of the composition include those containing 0.1-2% carnitine, 1-20% plant-derived polysaccharide, or a combination thereof, based on the total mass of the composition. Furthermore, examples of the composition include those in which the mixing ratio of the plant-derived polysaccharide is 1 to 100 times the mass of carnitine.
(2) A food composition comprising carnitine or a salt thereof and a plant-derived polysaccharide.
(3) A food, beverage or feed comprising carnitine or a salt thereof and a plant-derived polysaccharide.
(4) A pharmaceutical composition comprising carnitine or a salt thereof and a plant-derived polysaccharide.

The pharmaceutical composition is preferably any of a pharmaceutical composition for inhibiting fat accumulation, a pharmaceutical composition for improving obesity, or a pharmaceutical composition for treating metabolic syndrome.

The composition of the present invention exhibits an excellent fat accumulation inhibitory effect due to the synergistic action of components (carnitine or a salt thereof and a plant-derived polysaccharide) contained in the composition. Therefore, it is possible to expand the use for the purpose of suppressing fat accumulation by mixing and ingesting dietary fiber and carnitine instead of ingesting alone.

It is a figure which shows the body weight gain inhibitory effect of the composition of this invention. It is a figure which shows the fat accumulation inhibitory effect of the composition of this invention. It is a figure which shows the fat accumulation inhibitory effect of the composition of this invention. It is a figure which shows the fat accumulation inhibitory effect of the composition of this invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. The scope of the present invention is not limited to these descriptions, and other than the following examples, the scope of the present invention can be appropriately changed and implemented without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

The present invention relates to a composition comprising carnitine or a salt thereof and a plant-derived polysaccharide. As described above, in recent reports, the fat burning effect of carnitine has been questioned.
Therefore, the present inventor searched for a partner for effectively causing fat burning action by taking together with carnitine. As a result, it was found that fat burning action is effective by combining plant-derived polysaccharides.

1. Composition
(1) Carnitine The type of carnitine used in the present invention is not particularly limited.
Carnitine has optical activity, and the type of optically active form of carnitine used in the present invention is not limited. For example, racemic carnitine can be used, or D
Body or L body can also be used. A mixture of D-form or L-form can also be used. Preferably, L-form is used.

Carnitine in the present invention includes carnitine derivatives. Although the kind of derivative is not limited, Carnitine acyl ester etc. can be mentioned, for example.
Moreover, as a carnitine, a commercially available thing can also be used and the carnitine manufactured by the well-known or novel method can also be used. For example, (i) dichloropropanol is cyanated and amidated by enzymatic reaction, then quaternized, and L-carnitine obtained by hydrolysis etc., and (ii) epichlorohydrin are quaternized sequentially. , Cyanation, amidation,
L-carnitine obtained by optical resolution etc., (iii) ring opening of butyrolactone, quaternization, L-carnitine obtained by reaction with microorganisms, (iv) asymmetric reduction of ethyl chloroacetoacetate, Examples thereof include L-carnitine obtained by quaternization, hydrolysis and the like.

The state of carnitine to be used is not limited, and crystalline can be used,
Carnitine dissolved in the solution can also be used. As the carnitine solution, not only a carnitine aqueous solution immediately after the synthesis but also a solution obtained by subjecting the solution to a purification step such as an ion exchange column or electrodialysis can be used. A carnitine solution obtained by solvent replacement from a carnitine aqueous solution can also be used.

In addition, the carnitine used in the present invention may be a free form or a form of a foodically or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Such a carnitine salt may be a metal salt, an organic acid salt, or an inorganic acid salt. For example, salts with metals such as sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, ammonium salts, hydrochlorides, sulfates, phosphates, acetates,
Examples include, but are not limited to, propionate, lactate, tartrate, citrate, succinate, fumarate, maleate, and the like. Among these, for example, fumarate is preferable. This is because hygroscopicity and tap density are low and operability is excellent.

In the present invention, L-carnitine is preferred because it is widely available as a food material and can be easily obtained. In addition to being biosynthesized from the essential amino acids lysine and methionine in the body, L-carnitine is a substance that is ingested daily from beef, pork, lamb and the like. In pharmaceuticals, the use of L-carnitine chloride, which is a chloride, is permitted, and this carnitine can also be used.

(2) Polysaccharide The polysaccharide contained in the composition of the present invention is derived from a plant. The plant from which the polysaccharide is derived is a terrestrial plant or a marine plant, but is not limited to that type. Examples thereof include beans, plantains, brown algae, red algae, bark and the like. A basidiomycete (mushroom) extract powder can also be used as a raw material for plant-derived polysaccharides.
In order to obtain polysaccharides from these plants, treatments such as water extraction, hot water extraction, acid / alkali extraction, and alcohol extraction can be performed.
Alternatively, commercially available plant-derived polysaccharides can also be used.

The polysaccharide that can be used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is derived from a plant (plant), and may be a homopolysaccharide or a heteropolysaccharide. Among such polysaccharides, it is preferable to use sparingly soluble ones (plant-derived sparingly soluble polysaccharides). As plant-derived polysaccharides,
For example, at least one selected from soybean polysaccharides, agar, pectin, guar gum, gum arabic, xanthan gum, carrageenan, tamarind seed gum, tara gum, alginic acid, pullulan, locust bean gum, carboxymethylcellulose, psyllium, curdlan, gellan gum and mannans It is. Mannans include glucomannan and galactomannan.

Among these polysaccharides, guar gum, tara gum and mannans (glucomannan,
Galactomannan) is preferred, and guar gum and tara gum are more preferred. This is because these can exert a strong fat accumulation suppressing effect and the like by being administered together with carnitine.
The soybean polysaccharide is a water-soluble polysaccharide that can be extracted from soybean or a processed soybean product, and can be obtained, for example, by crushing soybean beans and then extracting a water-soluble fraction. Moreover, it is also possible to use a commercial item (for example, Fuji Oil Co., Ltd.).
Agar is a polysaccharide composed of mucus of red algae such as Tengusa, and can be obtained, for example, by freeze-drying mucus of Tengusa. Commercial products (for example, Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) can also be used.

Pectin is a component consisting of complex polysaccharides combined with other components such as cellulose as a cell wall constituent of many plants, and can be obtained, for example, by hot water extraction from citrus peel. Commercial products (for example, Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) can also be used.
Guar gum is a water-soluble dietary fiber obtained from seeds and endosperm of legume guar, and can be obtained, for example, by extracting a water-soluble fraction from legume guar. In addition, commercial products (
For example, it is also possible to use MRC polysaccharides).
Tara gum is a kind of nonionic natural polysaccharide obtained from the endosperm of legume plant cod,
It is also possible to use a commercial product (MRC polysaccharides).
Gum arabic is a water-soluble dietary fiber mainly composed of a polysaccharide (arabinogalactan) obtained from the arabic gum. For example, it can be obtained by drying the secretions from the bark of Arabian gum. Moreover, it is also possible to use a commercial item (for example, Saneigen FFI Corporation).

Xanthan gum is a polysaccharide obtained by treating starch obtained from corn or the like, and can be obtained, for example, by fermenting starch derived from corn. Moreover, it is also possible to use a commercial item (for example, MR polysaccharide company).
Carrageenan is a linear sulfur-containing polysaccharide derived from red algae, and can be obtained, for example, by alkaline extraction from red algae. Moreover, it is also possible to use a commercial item (for example, MR polysaccharide company).
Tamarind seed gum is a natural polysaccharide obtained from the endosperm of leguminous tamarind,
For example, it can be obtained from a tamarind plant by hot water or alkali extraction. Moreover, it is also possible to use a commercial item (for example, MR polysaccharide company).

Alginic acid is a dietary fiber contained in brown algae and can be obtained, for example, by alkaline extraction from kombu or seaweed. Moreover, it is also possible to use a commercial item (for example, Saneigen FFI Corporation).
Pullulan is a polysaccharide using starch as a raw material, and can be obtained, for example, by fermentation of aureobasidium pullulans, which is black yeast, using starch as a raw material. In addition, commercial products (
For example, Hayashibara Shoji Co., Ltd. can be used.
Locust bean gum is a polysaccharide obtained from the seeds of evergreen carob trees, and can be obtained, for example, by pulverizing the endosperm portion of the seeds of carob trees. Moreover, it is also possible to use a commercial item (for example, MR polysaccharide company).

Carboxymethylcellulose is a derivative of cellulose and can be obtained by the reaction of cellulose and chloroacetic acid. Commercial products (for example, Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) can also be used.
Psyllium is a water-soluble dietary fiber purified from the outer skin of the plant family Psyllium, which can be obtained by extraction from the outer skin of psyllium. Moreover, it is also possible to use a commercial item (for example, MR polysaccharide company).
Curdlan is a fermented polysaccharide produced by microorganisms, such as Agro
It can be obtained by fermentation of bacteria such as bacterium and Alcaligenes. Commercial products (for example, Kirin Kyowa Foods Co., Ltd.) can also be used.

Gellan gum is a polysaccharide produced by microorganisms, and can be obtained, for example, by cultivation of Pseudomonas. Moreover, it is also possible to use a commercial item (for example, Saneigen FFI Corporation).
Mannans are water-soluble polysaccharides containing mannose. It is abundant in beans and konjac. As a constituent saccharide, mannose is combined with glucose or galactose,
There are glucomannan and galactomannan, and each has different water solubility depending on the binding ratio.

Glucomannan is a water-soluble polysaccharide that is abundant in konjac koji. It accounts for about 40% of the dry weight of konjac koji and can be obtained by extracting from this. Moreover, it is also possible to use a commercial item (for example, Mitsubishi Corporation Foodtech).
Galactomannans are water-soluble polysaccharides composed of mannose and galactose and are contained in fungi such as Aspergillus oryzae in addition to beans. Typical examples of galactomannans include locust bean gum (derived from carob seeds), guar gum (derived from guar bean seeds), and fenugreek gum (fenugreek seeds), each having a different ratio of galactose.

(3) Mixture The composition of the present invention comprises a mixture of carnitine and a plant-derived polysaccharide. The mixing ratio is 0.1% to 2% carnitine, 1% to 20% for plant-derived polysaccharide, and preferably 0.1% to 1% for carnitine, with respect to the total mass of food, beverage, feed, pharmaceutical composition, etc. 2.5% of derived polysaccharides
~ 10%.

Moreover, the mixing ratio of carnitine and polysaccharide is not limited and can be appropriately selected. For example, the mixing ratio of the polysaccharide is 1 to 100 times, preferably 5 with respect to the mass of carnitine.
-50 mass times, More preferably, it may be 5-25 mass times.
The mixing method is not particularly limited, and for example, the mixing is performed by dissolving in drinking water and by mixing uniformly as a solid in the diet.

2. Functional Food / Beverage and Pharmaceutical Composition The composition of the present invention can be used as a dietary food / beverage, a pharmaceutical composition for inhibiting fat accumulation, improving obesity, or treating metabolic syndrome, or a functional food. It is particularly preferable to use it as a diet food. When using the composition of this invention as food-drinks, it is preferable to set it as the form as a health food, for example, a low-calorie food. The health foods also include foods and drinks (for example, functional foods such as foods for specified health use) with a label indicating that they have an action to suppress fat accumulation and improve obesity on containers and instructions.

In the present invention, “diet” means to suppress weight gain or fat accumulation due to intake of a high fat diet, and the composition of the present invention can be used for the suppression. Many low-calorie foods such as konjac, agar, mushrooms and seaweed are known as diet foods. And it can standardize so that other nutrients (for example, protein, a vitamin, mineral, etc.) may fully be contained in these foodstuffs.

Further, “inhibition of fat accumulation” means that an increase in visceral fat (posterior peritoneal fat and epididymal fat) due to intake of a high fat diet is suppressed. It can be determined that fat accumulation has been suppressed when the weights of retroperitoneal fat and epididymal fat are statistically significant compared to the intake of a high fat diet. Therefore, the composition of the present invention can be used for the purpose of the suppression.

When the composition of the present invention is orally administered for the purpose of inhibiting fat accumulation, improving obesity or treating metabolic syndrome in the present invention, solid preparations such as tablets, granules, powders and pills applied thereto Alternatively, liquid preparations such as liquids and syrups may be used. In particular, granules and powders can be made into unit dosage forms as capsules, and in the case of liquid preparations, they can be made into dry products (eg freeze-dried products) that are redissolved when used.

Among these dosage forms, the oral solid preparation contains additives such as a binder, an excipient, a lubricant, a disintegrant, and a wetting agent that are generally used in the composition. The oral liquid preparation contains additives such as a stabilizer, a buffering agent, a corrigent, a preservative, a fragrance, and a coloring agent that are generally used in the composition.

3. Food, Beverage and Feed Since the composition of the present invention can be administered orally, it can also be used as a food, beverage or feed (preferably as a diet or functional food, beverage or feed). In this case, the composition of the present invention can be eaten as it is or contained in an enteric capsule for administration. Or it can melt | dissolve in liquid (for example, water) so that it may become a suitable density | concentration, and it can add to foodstuff etc. by methods, such as mixing, immersion, application | coating, and spraying.

In the food, beverage and feed of the present invention, the content ratios of carnitine and polysaccharide contained in the composition of the present invention are not limited, and can be appropriately set according to various uses. Moreover, also when obtaining the foodstuff, drink, or feed of this invention, in a well-known manufacturing method according to various uses, a carnitine and a polysaccharide can be contained by arbitrary methods or timing. The form of the carnitine and polysaccharide at the time of containing is not limited, A slurry form or a powder form may be sufficient, and what is necessary is just to select suitably according to various uses.

The food or beverage of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as “food”) is not particularly limited, and includes any food that can be eaten by humans. Examples include flour-based foods, meat (processed meat), marine products, vegetable protein-containing foods (soy foods and soy protein-containing foods), dairy products, confectionery, other foods, and foods that are instantly processed from these foods. It is done.

Examples of foods using flour include breads such as bread and rolls, cereals, crackers, biscuits, hot cakes, cakes such as castella, udon, buckwheat, Chinese soba, raw noodles,
Various pasta (spaghetti, macaroni, penne, fitcine, etc.), noodles such as rice noodles,
Pizza dough and naan are listed.

Examples of meat include hamburger, meatballs, ham, and wiener.
Examples of marine products include seafood and seaweeds.
Examples of vegetable protein-containing foods include tofu and soy milk.
Examples of dairy products include milk, cheese, yogurt and the like.
Examples of confectionery include rice cake, pudding, jelly, jam, curry, ice cream, sorbet, and gelato.
Examples of other foods include diet foods such as konjac jelly, creams, seasonings (miso, soy sauce, sauce, mayonnaise, dressing, etc.), and various supplements (health foods, tablets, tablets, etc.).

Examples of the beverage include, but are not limited to, mineral water, vegetable juice, fruit juice, tea (green tea, tea, oolong tea, barley tea, etc.), soft drink, soup, coffee,
Examples include milk drinks and nourishing tonic drinks.
Examples of feed include, but are not limited to, livestock feed, pet food, and other feeds. The pet food can target, for example, obese cats, obese dogs and the like. Examples of livestock food include foods such as cows, pigs, horses and birds.

The amount of the composition of the present invention added to these foods or feeds can be selected according to the kind of foods or feeds to be added. However, if the amount added is too small, the expected fat accumulation suppression, obesity improvement, diet effect, metabolic syndrome treatment effect, and other lifestyle-related disease improvement effects cannot be sufficiently exhibited. On the other hand, if the amount added is too large, the flavor inherent to the food to be added may be impaired. Therefore, it is preferable to determine the addition amount in consideration of these circumstances. From this viewpoint, the amount of the composition added is about 1% to 20%, preferably about 1% to 5% of the mass of the food or feed to be added.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Fat accumulation suppression effect test As shown in Table 1, a feed intake group was set, and a fat accumulation suppression effect experiment using mice was performed.

The experimental animal used in the experiment was a 5-week-old C57BL / 6J male mouse (purchased from Japan Charles River). All of these mice were reared between groups in rat cages, and food and water were ad libitum on a 12 hour light / dark cycle.
First, after acclimatizing the above mice with CE-2 solid feed (purchased from Nippon Claire) for 3 to 5 days, the mice were divided into the groups shown in Table 1 so that the average body weights were equal, and each group was tested with 4 animals. Went.

Each group was prepared a feed according to the formulation in Table 2 below and ingested for 5 weeks.
During the feed preparation, carnitine was corrected with corn starch and guar gum was corrected with cellulose (correction is used in place of carnitine and / or guar gum as a control instead of the whole group). Means adjusting to the same weight of feed). Beverage and feed were freely ingested, and body weight and feed intake were measured every other day.

The results of the above examples are shown in Table 3 and FIG. In addition to the high fat diet, compared to the case where carnitine alone (group C) and guar gum alone (group E) were mixed and ingested, in the group (group D) where carnitine and guar gum were mixed and ingested, A weight gain inhibitory effect was observed. The effect at this time was almost the same as that of the normal diet (Group A) in spite of taking a high fat diet.

As in Example 1 above, the mice were fed with each group of feed and after 5 weeks, pentobarbital anesthesia was administered intraperitoneally at 0.13 mL / 100 g (per body weight), and the mice were then dissected. Intraperitoneal fat (epididymal fat, retroperitoneal fat) was collected and weighed.

As a result, as shown in Table 4 and FIG. 2, in addition to the high fat diet group (Group B), carnitine alone (Group C) and guar gum alone (Group E) were compared and ingested. In the group (group D) in which carnitine and guar gum were mixed and ingested, an effect of suppressing fat accumulation was observed. The effect at this time was the same as or less than that of the normal diet (Group A), despite having taken a high fat diet.

From the results of this Example, it was found that mixing and ingesting the carnitine according to the present invention and plant-derived polysaccharides has the effect of suppressing weight gain and suppressing fat accumulation, and thus suppressing obesity and metabolic syndrome. It was found to contribute to the suppression of lifestyle-related diseases such as

In addition to Example 1, a feed intake group was set, and a weight gain suppression effect experiment using mice was performed. The test groups are shown in Table 5, and the feed composition is shown in Table 6.



※ Food material (Tara gum)

The results of the above examples are shown in FIGS.
In addition to the high fat diet, carnitine alone (3: C group) or tara gum alone (5: TG group) and a group ingested with carnitine and tara gum (4: C +) As a result of comparison with (TG group), a weight gain inhibitory effect was observed in the group (4: C + TG group) in which carnitine and tara gum were mixed and ingested. The effect at this time was almost the same as that of the normal diet (1: control group) although the high fat diet was ingested.
FIG. 4 shows the accumulation inhibitory effect of visceral fat (posterior peritoneum, epididymis), and the fat accumulation inhibitory effect was observed in the group (4: C + TG group) ingested by mixing carnitine and tara gum. It was.

Since the composition of the present invention has an effect of suppressing weight gain and fat accumulation, it is used as a functional food, beverage or feed, or as a diet food, beverage or feed, and further, a pharmaceutical composition for inhibiting fat accumulation, obesity It is useful as a pharmaceutical composition for improvement and a pharmaceutical composition for treating TABRIC syndrome.

Claims (2)

A visceral fat accumulation inhibitor containing 0.5% carnitine and 5% tara gum based on the total mass of the visceral fat accumulation inhibitor . The visceral fat accumulation inhibitor according to claim 1, wherein the carnitine is L-carnitine.