JP6011842B2 - Fire doors and buildings equipped with them - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a fire door and a building including the fire door.

  In general, in a large-scale building, there is a risk that a flame spreads suddenly at the time of a fire and a great damage occurs. Therefore, in order to prevent the spread of the flame, a fire prevention section is provided that divides the building into certain sections by walls and floors of a fireproof structure, and each fire prevention section is configured to withstand the flame for a predetermined time. Yes.

  Here, in the opening part which connects adjacent rooms, the fire door which is the structure which does not penetrate this flame even if it receives a flame for a predetermined time at the time of a fire is provided.

  As such a fire door, a plate-like member having a predetermined thickness and a substantially rectangular shape in cross-section, a heat insulating portion formed of a heat-insulating fire-resistant resin foam, and front and back portions covering the front and back sides of the heat insulating portion, The structure provided with the outer peripheral part which consists of the upper-lower wall part which covers an up-and-down side, and the side wall part which covers the left-right side is proposed. Here, the outer peripheral part is formed in the predetermined shape with the metal material (refer the following patent document 1).

JP 2003-269049 A

  However, in the fire door described in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, since the member forming the outer peripheral portion is a metal material and has high thermal conductivity, the heat on the room side where the fire is generated is generated by the upper and lower wall portions and the side wall portions. May be transmitted from one side of the front and back sides to the other side via the, and may move to the adjacent room side. Therefore, in the adjacent room, the temperature of the surface of the fire door rises and radiant heat is generated, resulting in a high temperature, so that it is difficult to evacuate the vicinity of the fire door, and combustibles arranged in the vicinity of the fire door There is a problem that a flame may be generated by burning.

  Then, this invention is made | formed in view of the said situation, and provides the fire door which can suppress the heat transfer to the thickness direction of the said fire door, and a building provided with the same.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention employs the following means.
That is, the fire door according to the present invention includes a front plate portion and a back plate portion arranged at a predetermined interval, and a fire prevention portion having a connecting portion and a reinforcing portion that connect the front plate portion and the back plate portion. The connecting portion is a door, and when the ambient temperature exceeds a certain value, the connection between the front plate portion and the back plate portion is divided to form an air layer, and the heat transfer suppression is made of metal. It comprises a part.

  In such a fire door, the heat transfer suppressing part that constitutes the connecting part that connects the front plate part and the back plate part is divided when the ambient temperature exceeds a certain value to form an air layer. Therefore, heat transfer in the direction from the front plate portion to the back plate portion and from the back plate portion to the front plate portion is reduced by the air layer, and thus heat transfer in the thickness direction can be suppressed.

  Further, in the fire door according to the present invention, it is preferable that the heat transfer suppressing portion is made of a shape memory alloy that contracts when the ambient temperature exceeds a certain value.

  In such a fire door, since the heat transfer suppression part is made of a shape memory alloy, it can contract when the ambient temperature exceeds a certain value, and an air layer can be reliably formed. Therefore, heat transfer in the thickness direction can be reliably suppressed.

  Moreover, the fire door according to the present invention may be configured such that the heat transfer suppression unit is made of a molten metal that melts when the ambient temperature exceeds a certain value.

  In such a fire door, since the heat transfer suppression part is made of a shape memory alloy, it can be melted when the ambient temperature exceeds a certain value, and an air layer can be reliably formed. Therefore, heat transfer in the thickness direction can be reliably suppressed.

  Moreover, the fire door which concerns on this invention may be provided with the heat absorption part which absorbs heat in the said connection part to the said front-plate part side or the said back-plate part side rather than the said heat transfer suppression part. .

  In such a fire door, the heat moving in the thickness direction can be absorbed by the heat absorbing portion, so that the heat transfer in the thickness direction can be further suppressed.

Also, fire door according to the present invention, the heat transfer suppressing section, the end surface of the fire door, and the end-side suppression unit you connecting with the table plate portion and the back plate portion, inside said fire door In addition, an intermediate suppressing portion that connects the front plate portion and the back plate portion may be included.

  In such a fire door, the end side suppressing portion and the intermediate suppressing portion can reliably suppress the heat transfer in the thickness direction corresponding to the heat generation location.

  Moreover, the building concerning this invention is equipped with the fire door as described in any one of the above, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

  In such a building, since the fire door according to any one of the above is provided, heat transfer in the thickness direction of the fire door can be suppressed.

  According to the fire door according to the present invention and the building including the fire door, heat transfer in the direction from the front plate portion to the back plate portion and from the back plate portion to the front plate portion is reduced by the air layer. Heat transfer in the thickness direction of the fire door can be suppressed.

It is the figure which looked at the fire door vicinity in the building which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention from the front. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the fire door which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention. It is a cross-sectional view of the fire door according to the first embodiment of the present invention. (A) The A section enlarged view of FIG. 2 in the normal time, (b) The A section enlarged view of FIG. 2 at the time of fire. (A) The B section enlarged view of FIG. 3 in the normal time, (b) The B section enlarged view of FIG. 3 at the time of fire. (A) The A section enlarged view of the fire door which concerns on 2nd embodiment in normal time, (b) The A section enlarged view of the fire door which concerns on 2nd embodiment at the time of fire. (A) The B section enlarged view of the fire door which concerns on 2nd embodiment in the normal time, (b) The B section enlarged view of the fire door which concerns on 2nd embodiment in the time of a fire.

(First embodiment)
Hereinafter, with reference to drawings, the building provided with the fire door which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.
FIG. 1 is a front view of the vicinity of a fire door in a building, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the fire door.

  Here, the building 2 is composed of a reinforced concrete structure, a steel frame structure, a wooden structure, or the like (all not shown; the same applies hereinafter), and the first space portion Z1 and the second space portion Z2 that are adjacent to each other in the building 2. The fire door 1 according to the present embodiment is provided on the wall W disposed between the two.

As shown in FIG. 1, the fire door 1 has a hinge (not shown; the same applies hereinafter) to a door frame member 10 formed of a pair of left and right vertical frame portions 11 and an upper frame portion 12 provided on a wall portion W. ) Is attached through.
The fire door 1 has a structure that prevents the flame from penetrating even if it receives a flame for a predetermined time.

  Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the fire door 1 includes a front plate portion 20 and a back plate portion 30 that are arranged at predetermined intervals in the thickness direction, and the front plate portion 20 A connecting portion 40 and a reinforcing portion 49 that connect the back plate portion 30 are provided.

  The front plate portion 20 and the back plate portion 30 are made of, for example, a steel material such as steel, and a lever handle 21 (see FIG. 1) that can be gripped by the front plate portion 20 and the back plate portion 30 to open and close the door. .) Is provided.

The connecting portion 40 includes a first connecting portion 41 provided on the front plate portion 20 side, heat transfer suppressing portions 61, 62, 63, and 70 provided continuously to the first connecting portion 41, and the heat transfer. And a second connecting portion 42 provided continuously to the suppressing portions 61, 62, 63, 70.
The 1st connection part 41 and the 2nd connection part 42 are formed, for example with steel materials.

  The heat transfer suppression units 61, 62, 63, and 70 are configured to form an air layer by disconnecting the connection between the front plate unit 20 and the back plate unit 30 when the ambient temperature exceeds a certain value. The constant value is, for example, 50 to 100 ° C., but is not limited to this value.

  In the present embodiment, a shape memory alloy that contracts when the ambient temperature exceeds a certain value is used as the heat transfer suppression unit 61, 62, 63, 70. Examples of shape memory alloys include titanium and nickel.

  Further, the heat transfer suppressing portions 61, 62, 63, 70 are connected to the end side suppressing portions 61, 62, 63 that connect the front plate portion 20 and the back plate portion 30 on the end face of the fire door 1, and the fire door 1. It is comprised by the intermediate | middle suppression part 70 which connects the front-plate part 20 and the backplate part 30 inside.

The end side suppression parts 61, 62, 63 are an upper end side suppression part 61 provided at the upper end of the fire door 1, a lower end side suppression part 62 provided at the lower end, and a pair of left and right ends provided at the left end and the right end. It is comprised with the side suppression part 63. FIG.
Further, the end side suppressing portions 61, 62, 63 are provided with heat absorbing portions 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86 for absorbing heat on the front plate portion 20 side and the back plate portion 30 side, respectively. ing. Examples of the heat absorption part include sodium silicate, lithium silicate, potassium silicate, fireproof paint, and the like.

  Specifically, the upper end side suppressing portion 61 is provided with an upper front heat absorbing portion 81 on the lower front plate portion 20 side, and an upper back heat absorbing portion 82 on the lower back plate portion 30 side. Yes. The lower end side suppressing portion 62 is provided with a lower front heat absorbing portion 83 on the upper front plate portion 20 side, and a lower back heat absorbing portion 84 on the upper back plate portion 30 side. The left and right end side suppressing portion 63 is provided with a left and right front side heat absorbing portion 85 on the side of the front plate portion 20 on the center side in the left and right direction of the fire door 1, and a left and right back side heat absorbing portion on the back plate portion 30 side on the center side in the left and right direction. 86 is provided.

The intermediate suppression part 70 is the inside of the fire door 1 and connects the front plate part 20 and the back plate part 30 in the middle in the left-right direction in the present embodiment.
In addition, the intermediate suppressing portion 70 is provided with heat absorbing portions 91 and 92 that absorb heat on the front plate portion 20 side and the back plate portion 30 side, respectively.

Specifically, the intermediate suppressing portion 70 is provided with an intermediate front side heat absorbing portion 91 on the front plate portion 20 side on both sides in the left-right direction, and an intermediate back side heat absorbing portion 92 is provided on the back plate portion 30 side on both sides in the left and right direction. It has been.
The reinforcing portion 49 connects the front plate portion 20 and the back plate portion 30 in the middle in the left-right direction of the fire door 1.

  Next, in the building 2 provided with the fire door 1 configured as described above, heat transfer when a fire occurs in the first space portion Z1 where the front plate portion 20 of the fire door 1 is located will be described.

  As shown in FIG.4 and FIG.5, when a flame generate | occur | produces in the 1st space part Z1, while the temperature in this 1st space part Z1 rises, the temperature of the front-plate part 20 of the fire door 1 will also rise. The heat of the front plate portion 20 is transmitted to the heat transfer suppressing portions 61, 62, 63, 70 via the first connecting portion 41 material. Here, since the front plate part 20 and the first connecting part 41 are made of steel or the like, the heat transfer is considered good.

  As described above, when the ambient temperature exceeds a certain value, the heat transfer suppression units 61, 62, 63, and 70 that have been subjected to heat transfer and have reached a high temperature are connected to each other. A divided air layer 90 is formed.

  In the present embodiment, the shape memory alloy constituting the heat transfer suppressing units 61, 62, 63, 70 contracts, and the air layer 90 corresponding to the volume of the contracted heat transfer suppressing units 61, 62, 63, 70 is heated. It is formed adjacent to the movement suppressing portions 61, 62, 63, 70. Specifically, the air layer 90 is formed on the front plate portion 20 side that is the fire side from the heat transfer suppressing portions 61, 62, 63, and 70.

  Here, since the air layer 90 has a lower thermal conductivity than the heat transfer suppression units 61, 62, 63, and 70, heat transfer from the front plate 20 to the back plate 30 and further to the second space Z2 is reduced. The

  In the building 2 including the fire door 1 configured as described above, the heat transfer suppressing units 61, 62, 63, and 70 contract when the ambient temperature exceeds a certain value, and the heat transfer suppressing unit 61 and the contracted heat transfer suppressing unit 61, An air layer 90 having a volume corresponding to the volumes of 62, 63, and 70 is formed. Therefore, since heat transfer in the direction from the front plate part 20 to the back plate part 30 and from the back plate part 30 to the front plate part 20 is reduced by the air layer, heat transfer in the thickness direction can be suppressed. .

  Further, the heat transfer suppression units 61, 62, 63, 70 are a plurality of upper limit side suppression units 61, lower end side suppression units 62, left and right end side suppression units 63, and intermediate suppression units 70 provided on the end face of the fire door 1. It is composed of members. Therefore, since the heat transfer suppressing portions 61, 62, 63, 70 disposed in the vicinity of the portion where the temperature rise is high in the front plate portion 20 can contract, fire prevention is performed at an early stage of the temperature rise of the front plate portion 20. Heat transfer in the thickness direction of the door 1 can be suppressed.

  Moreover, since the heat absorption part 81,82,83,84,85,86,91,92 can absorb the heat which moves to the thickness direction, the heat transfer to this thickness direction can be suppressed further. . In particular, since the heat absorbing portions 82, 84, 86, and 92 disposed on the second connection portion 42 on the non-fire side absorb heat from the second connection portion 42, heat transfer to the back plate portion 30 is prevented. Can be suppressed.

  Moreover, since the temperature rise of the back plate part 30 is suppressed, it is possible to prevent the spread of fire spread to the second space part Z2 and to secure an escape passage in the second space part Z2.

  Moreover, since the radiant heat from the back plate part 30 is also reduced, the vicinity of the back plate part 30 can be used as an escape passage. Therefore, since the passage width of an evacuation passage can be ensured largely, for example, a wheelchair etc. can be passed and the assistance space for a person in need of assistance can also be secured. Furthermore, since the fire extinguishing space in the case of fire fighting activities can be secured, the safety of the entire building 2 can be enhanced.

  Further, since the radiant heat from the back plate portion 30 is reduced, even if there is a combustible material in the vicinity of the back plate portion 30 in the second space portion Z2, the possibility that the combustible material will ignite is suppressed and the second space portion Z2. It is possible to prevent the spread of fire.

  In particular, the provision of the fire door 1 of the present invention in a building 2 where many people who need assistance in life and evacuation gather is beneficial from the viewpoint of securing assistance space.

(Second embodiment)
Hereinafter, the building 202 provided with the fire door 201 which concerns on 2nd embodiment of this invention is demonstrated using FIG.6 and FIG.7.
In this embodiment, members that are the same as those used in the above-described embodiment are assigned the same reference numerals, and descriptions thereof are omitted.

  In the fire door 1 according to the first embodiment, the connection portion 40 is provided with the heat absorption parts 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 91, 92, but in the fire door 1 according to the present embodiment, The heat absorption parts 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 91, 92 are not provided.

  Also in the building 202 including the fire door 201 configured as described above, the heat transfer suppression units 61, 62, 63, and 70 contract when the ambient temperature exceeds a certain value, and the heat transfer suppression unit 61 contracted. , 62, 63, and 70 are formed. Therefore, heat transfer in the direction from the front plate portion 20 to the back plate portion 30 and from the back plate portion 30 to the front plate portion 20 is reduced by the air layer 90, and therefore, heat transfer in the thickness direction can be suppressed. it can.

  It should be noted that the assembling procedure shown in the above-described embodiment, the various shapes and combinations of the constituent members, and the like are merely examples, and various modifications can be made based on design requirements and the like without departing from the gist of the present invention.

  In the above, although the molten metal is employ | adopted as the heat transfer suppression part 61,62,63,70, you may be comprised with the molten metal which melt | dissolves when ambient temperature exceeds a fixed value. Even in this case, since the air layer 90 is formed, heat transfer in the thickness direction can be suppressed.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,201 ... Fire door 2,202 ... Building 20 ... Front board part 30 ... Back board part 40 ... Connection part 61 ... Upper end side suppression part (Heat transfer suppression part, end side suppression part)
62 ... lower end side suppression part (heat transfer suppression part, end side suppression part)
63 ... right and left end side suppression part (heat transfer suppression part, end side suppression part)
81 ... Upper surface heat absorption part (heat absorption part)
82 ... Upper and lower heat absorption part (heat absorption part)
83 ... lower front heat absorption part (heat absorption part)
84 ... Lower back side heat absorption part (heat absorption part)
85 ... Left and right front side heat absorption part (heat absorption part)
86 ... Left and right back side heat absorption part (heat absorption part)
70: Intermediate suppression unit (heat transfer suppression unit)
90 ... Air layer 91 ... Intermediate front side heat absorption part (heat absorption part)
92 ... Intermediate back side heat absorption part (heat absorption part)

Claims (6)

A front plate portion and a back plate portion arranged at a predetermined interval;
A fire door having a connecting portion and a reinforcing portion for connecting the front plate portion and the back plate portion,
The connection part includes a heat transfer suppression part made of metal by forming an air layer by dividing the connection between the front plate part and the back plate part when the ambient temperature exceeds a certain value. Features a fire door. In the fire door according to claim 1,
The fire door is characterized in that the heat transfer suppression part is made of a shape memory alloy that contracts when the ambient temperature exceeds a certain value. In the fire door according to claim 1,
The fire door is characterized in that the heat transfer suppression part is made of a molten metal that melts when the ambient temperature exceeds a certain value. In the fire door as described in any one of Claims 1-3,
The fire door, wherein the connecting portion is provided with a heat absorbing portion that absorbs heat on the front plate portion side or the back plate portion side with respect to the heat transfer suppressing portion. In the fire door according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The heat transfer suppression unit is
The end surface of the fire door, and the end-side suppression unit you connecting the back plate portion and the table plate portions,
Inside the fire door, the fire door has an intermediate suppressing portion that connects the front plate portion and the back plate portion.   A building comprising the fire door according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

Images