JP5960616B2 - 可変容量形オイルポンプ - Google Patents
可変容量形オイルポンプ Download PDFInfo
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- JP5960616B2 JP5960616B2 JP2013008601A JP2013008601A JP5960616B2 JP 5960616 B2 JP5960616 B2 JP 5960616B2 JP 2013008601 A JP2013008601 A JP 2013008601A JP 2013008601 A JP2013008601 A JP 2013008601A JP 5960616 B2 JP5960616 B2 JP 5960616B2
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 47
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 196
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013456 study Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C14/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations
- F04C14/18—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations characterised by varying the volume of the working chamber
- F04C14/22—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations characterised by varying the volume of the working chamber by changing the eccentricity between cooperating members
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C2/00—Rotary-piston machines or pumps
- F04C2/08—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
- F04C2/082—Details specially related to intermeshing engagement type machines or pumps
- F04C2/086—Carter
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01C21/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in groups F01C1/00 - F01C20/00
- F01C21/08—Rotary pistons
- F01C21/0809—Construction of vanes or vane holders
- F01C21/0818—Vane tracking; control therefor
- F01C21/0854—Vane tracking; control therefor by fluid means
- F01C21/0863—Vane tracking; control therefor by fluid means the fluid being the working fluid
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C14/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations
- F04C14/10—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations characterised by changing the positions of the inlet or outlet openings with respect to the working chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C14/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations
- F04C14/10—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations characterised by changing the positions of the inlet or outlet openings with respect to the working chamber
- F04C14/14—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations characterised by changing the positions of the inlet or outlet openings with respect to the working chamber using rotating valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C14/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations
- F04C14/18—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations characterised by varying the volume of the working chamber
- F04C14/22—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations characterised by varying the volume of the working chamber by changing the eccentricity between cooperating members
- F04C14/223—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations characterised by varying the volume of the working chamber by changing the eccentricity between cooperating members using a movable cam
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C14/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations
- F04C14/18—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations characterised by varying the volume of the working chamber
- F04C14/22—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations characterised by varying the volume of the working chamber by changing the eccentricity between cooperating members
- F04C14/223—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations characterised by varying the volume of the working chamber by changing the eccentricity between cooperating members using a movable cam
- F04C14/226—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations characterised by varying the volume of the working chamber by changing the eccentricity between cooperating members using a movable cam by pivoting the cam around an eccentric axis
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C14/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations
- F04C14/24—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations characterised by using valves controlling pressure or flow rate, e.g. discharge valves or unloading valves
- F04C14/26—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations characterised by using valves controlling pressure or flow rate, e.g. discharge valves or unloading valves using bypass channels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C2/00—Rotary-piston machines or pumps
- F04C2/08—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
- F04C2/10—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of internal-axis type with the outer member having more teeth or tooth-equivalents, e.g. rollers, than the inner member
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C2/00—Rotary-piston machines or pumps
- F04C2/08—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
- F04C2/10—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of internal-axis type with the outer member having more teeth or tooth-equivalents, e.g. rollers, than the inner member
- F04C2/102—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of internal-axis type with the outer member having more teeth or tooth-equivalents, e.g. rollers, than the inner member the two members rotating simultaneously around their respective axes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C2/00—Rotary-piston machines or pumps
- F04C2/30—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
- F04C2/34—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
- F04C2/344—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
- F04C2/3441—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the inner and outer member being in contact along one line or continuous surface substantially parallel to the axis of rotation
- F04C2/3442—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the inner and outer member being in contact along one line or continuous surface substantially parallel to the axis of rotation the surfaces of the inner and outer member, forming the working space, being surfaces of revolution
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H47/00—Combinations of mechanical gearing with fluid clutches or fluid gearing
- F16H47/02—Combinations of mechanical gearing with fluid clutches or fluid gearing the fluid gearing being of the volumetric type
- F16H47/04—Combinations of mechanical gearing with fluid clutches or fluid gearing the fluid gearing being of the volumetric type the mechanical gearing being of the type with members having orbital motion
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Details And Applications Of Rotary Liquid Pumps (AREA)
- Rotary Pumps (AREA)
- Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Description
まず、図1に仮想線で示すようにエンジン1は、シリンダブロック10の上部にシリンダヘッド11が組み付けられてなる。シリンダブロック10には4つのシリンダ(図示せず)が設けられ、それぞれに収容されているピストン12(図には1つのみ示す)は、コネクティングロッド12aを介してクランクシャフト13に連結されている。このクランクシャフト13は、図の例では5つのクランクジャーナル13aにおいてシリンダブロック10の下部(クランクケース)に回転自在に支持されている。
以下にオイルポンプ5の構造について図2を参照して詳細に説明する。図2には第1の実施形態を示し、この例ではオイルポンプ5は、入力軸5aにより回転される外歯車のドライブロータ51と、これに噛み合って回転される内歯車のドリブンロータ52と、そのドリブンロータ52を外周から回転自在に保持する調整リング53(保持部材)と、をハウジング50(ポンプハウジング)内に収容してなる。調整リング53は、後述するようにドライブロータ51およびドリブンロータ52を変位させることにより、ポンプ容量を変更する容量調整部材でもある。
本実施形態のオイルポンプ5は、ドライブロータ51の1回転につき吐出するオイルの量、即ちポンプ容量を変更可能な容量可変機構を備えている。本実施形態では、主に吐出ポート50eから導かれた油圧(吐出圧)によって前記の調整リング53を変位させて、ドライブロータ51およびドリブンロータ52の吸入ポート50dおよび吐出ポート50eに対する相対的な位置を変更することにより、1回転あたりに吸入および吐出するオイルの流量を変更する。
本実施形態のような可変容量形のオイルポンプでは、上述の如く電子制御式のOCV60を用いて調整リング53の変位量を制御するようにしていても、ポンプ容量が変動してしまいその吐出圧を狙い通りに制御できないことがあった。この点について図4を参照し、以下に説明する。
次に第2の実施形態に係るオイルポンプ5の構造ついて説明する。このオイルポンプ5は前記第1の実施形態とはオイル逃がし穴62の形状が異なるだけで、それ以外は全て同じ構造なので、ここではオイル逃がし穴62について説明する。なお、第1の実施形態と同じ部材については同じ符号を付し、その説明は省略する。オイル逃がし穴62についても形状が異なるのみなので、同じ符号を付している。
次に第3の実施形態に係るオイルポンプ5の構造ついて説明する。このオイルポンプ5も前記第1、第2の実施形態とはオイル逃がし穴62の形状が異なるだけなので、このオイル逃がし穴62について説明し、その他の説明は省略する。
以上、説明した各実施形態は、自動車用の直列4気筒ガソリンエンジン1のオイルポンプ5として本発明を適用した場合について説明したが、本発明はこれに限らず、自動車以外のエンジンのオイルポンプにも適用可能である。勿論、気筒数やエンジンの形式(V型や水平対向型等)にも限定されず、ディーゼルエンジンのオイルポンプにも適用可能であるし、トランスミッションのオイルポンプにも本発明は適用可能である。
4 チェーン(被潤滑部)
5 オイルポンプ
5a 入力軸
50 ハウジング(ポンプハウジング)
50c 収容凹部
51 ドライブロータ
52 ドリブンロータ
53 調整リング(保持部材、容量調整部材:容量可変機構)
54 コイルスプリング(容量可変機構)
58 第2のシール材(シール部)
TC 制御空間(油圧室:容量可変機構)
TH 高圧空間
13 クランクシャフト
13a クランクジャーナル(被潤滑部)
13b オイルシール(被潤滑部)
60 OCV(制御弁)
62 オイル逃がし穴
63,64 導油管(導油路)
Claims (7)
- 入力軸の1回転あたりの吐出量を変更可能な容量可変機構を備えた可変容量形のオイルポンプであって、
前記容量可変機構は、ポンプハウジングの内部に設けられた油圧室と、該油圧室の油圧によって変位する容量調整部材とを備え、その油圧室へ制御弁から供給される制御油圧を受けて動作するように構成されており、
前記油圧室に臨んで開口し、前記ポンプハウジングの壁部を貫通してオイルの一部を外部に逃がすように、オイル逃がし穴が設けられていることを特徴とする可変容量形オイルポンプ。 - 請求項1に記載の可変容量形オイルポンプにおいて、
前記ポンプハウジングの内部には、ポンプ吐出圧の導入される高圧空間が前記油圧室に隣接して設けられ、
前記高圧空間と油圧室との間のシール部が、前記容量可変機構の動作に伴い前記ポンプハウジングの壁部の内面に沿って移動するように構成されている、可変容量形オイルポンプ。 - 請求項1または2のいずれかに記載の可変容量形オイルポンプにおいて、
前記入力軸により回転される外歯車のドライブロータと、これに噛み合って回転される内歯車のドリブンロータとを備え、
前記容量可変機構は、
前記容量調整部材として、前記ドリブンロータを外周から回転自在に保持する環状の保持部材を備え、
前記油圧室に供給される制御油圧を受けて前記保持部材が変位し、前記ポンプハウジングに形成された吸入ポートおよび吐出ポートに対する相対的な位置が変化することによって、吐出量を変更するように構成されている、可変容量形オイルポンプ。 - 請求項1〜3のいずれか1つに記載の可変容量形オイルポンプにおいて、
エンジンに装備され、
前記オイル逃がし穴には、前記エンジンの所定の被潤滑部にオイルを導くように導油路が連通されている、可変容量形オイルポンプ。 - 請求項4に記載の可変容量形オイルポンプにおいて、
前記導油路の途中に絞り部が設けられている、可変容量形オイルポンプ。 - 請求項1〜3のいずれか1つに記載の可変容量形オイルポンプにおいて、
エンジンに装備され、
前記オイル逃がし穴が、前記油圧室に臨む開口端から遠ざかるに連れて徐々に断面積の小さくなる、先窄まりの形状とされている、可変容量形オイルポンプ。 - 請求項1〜3のいずれか1つに記載の可変容量形オイルポンプにおいて、
エンジンに装備され、
前記オイル逃がし穴が、前記油圧室に臨む開口端から遠ざかるに連れて徐々に断面積の大きくなる、末広がりの形状とされている、可変容量形オイルポンプ。
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2013008601A JP5960616B2 (ja) | 2013-01-21 | 2013-01-21 | 可変容量形オイルポンプ |
US14/436,629 US9835153B2 (en) | 2013-01-21 | 2014-01-16 | Variable displacement oil pump |
PCT/IB2014/000042 WO2014111798A1 (en) | 2013-01-21 | 2014-01-16 | Variable displacement oil pump |
DE112014000211.9T DE112014000211B4 (de) | 2013-01-21 | 2014-01-16 | Verstellbare Ölpumpe |
CN201480002701.7A CN104718378B (zh) | 2013-01-21 | 2014-01-16 | 可变排量油泵 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2013008601A JP5960616B2 (ja) | 2013-01-21 | 2013-01-21 | 可変容量形オイルポンプ |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2014139420A JP2014139420A (ja) | 2014-07-31 |
JP5960616B2 true JP5960616B2 (ja) | 2016-08-02 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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JP2013008601A Active JP5960616B2 (ja) | 2013-01-21 | 2013-01-21 | 可変容量形オイルポンプ |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9835153B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5960616B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN104718378B (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112014000211B4 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2014111798A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP6270684B2 (ja) * | 2014-10-03 | 2018-01-31 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 油圧制御装置 |
DE202014106121U1 (de) | 2014-12-17 | 2015-01-15 | Schwäbische Hüttenwerke Automotive GmbH | Rotationspumpe mit kompakter Stellstruktur zur Verstellung des Fördervolumens |
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JP2017180367A (ja) * | 2016-03-31 | 2017-10-05 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 可変容量オイルポンプ |
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CN101978167B (zh) * | 2008-08-01 | 2014-02-26 | 爱信精机株式会社 | 油泵 |
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JP5620882B2 (ja) * | 2011-05-23 | 2014-11-05 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | 可変容量形ポンプ |
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DE112014000211B4 (de) | 2017-10-26 |
JP2014139420A (ja) | 2014-07-31 |
CN104718378B (zh) | 2017-06-23 |
WO2014111798A1 (en) | 2014-07-24 |
CN104718378A (zh) | 2015-06-17 |
DE112014000211T5 (de) | 2015-06-25 |
US9835153B2 (en) | 2017-12-05 |
US20150285246A1 (en) | 2015-10-08 |
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