JP5930367B2 - Electric motor, stator of this electric motor, and electric motor system provided with this electric motor - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an electric motor in which a rotor rotates while generating magnetic force, a stator of the electric motor, and an electric motor system including the electric motor.

  In recent years, in the fields of artificial heart, pharmaceuticals, and semiconductor manufacturing, there are increasing cases of handling liquids that dislike dirt and irritation such as blood, high-purity chemicals, or ultrapure water. Currently, non-seal pumps and the like that transfer power to an impeller using a magnetic coupling in a non-contact manner are used to transport these chemical solutions. Non-seal pumps are advantageous in that there is no mechanical seal present in conventional centrifugal pumps, but sliding bearings are used to support the impeller, which generates liquids due to generation of dust, frictional heat and shear force. There are problems such as changes. Therefore, research and development of a magnetic levitation chemical pump that can support a rotor in a non-contact manner using a magnetic bearing has been conducted (for example, see Non-Patent Documents 1 to 5). A magnetically levitated chemical pump employs a bearingless motor in which an electric motor part and a magnetic bearing part are magnetically integrated (for example, see Non-Patent Document 5).

  The bearingless motor is a motor that rotates while the rotor generates magnetic force and floats from the rotor, and has features such as small size and low cost. FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a general bearingless motor. In this figure, only half of the structure is shown with respect to the rotation axis indicated by the one-dot chain line. In the illustrated example, two bearingless motors 100-1 and 100-2 are connected in tandem, and each bearingless motor 100-1 and 100-2 includes a stator 111, a homopolar rotor 112, and It is composed of a surface magnet pasting (SPM) type rotor 123. A permanent magnet 125 magnetized in the thrust direction is inserted between the two bearingless motors 100-1 and 100-2, and generates a bias magnetic flux as shown by a dotted line in FIG. In the SPM type rotor 123, rotational torque is generated by the magnetic flux of 8 poles, and in the homopolar rotor 111, a supporting force is generated by the magnetic flux of 2 poles.

FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view showing the principle of generating the supporting force of the rotor in a general bearingless motor. FIG. 22 shows a cross section in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis, including the homopolar rotor 112 and the stator 111 in the bearingless motor 100-1 or 100-2 shown in FIG. A bias magnetic flux is generated radially on the rotor 112 radially outward from the rotation axis as indicated by solid arrows in the figure. Flowing support current N _y supporting windings 131 provided in the rotor 112 in the direction shown in FIG. 22, supporting the magnetic flux of the two poles are generated as shown by the dashed-line arrow in FIG. As a result, in the positive y-axis direction, the bias magnetic flux and the support magnetic flux strengthen each other and the magnetic flux becomes dense. In the negative y-axis direction, the bias magnetic flux and the support magnetic flux weaken and the magnetic flux becomes sparse. A supporting force is generated at a thick arrow). That is, if the support force generated by appropriately controlling the support current flowing through the support winding 131 is adjusted, the rotor 112 can be levitated across a gap from the stator 111. On the other hand, rotation control of the rotor 112 is performed by controlling an electric motor current that flows through an electric motor winding (not shown) provided in the stator 111.

  As a bearingless motor in which such a rotor rotates while generating magnetic force, there is a motor in which a stator winding and a motor winding having different numbers of poles are separately provided on the stator (for example, Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document). References 7 to 12).

FIG. 23 is a diagram for explaining the arrangement of the motor windings and the support windings of the bearingless motor described in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent No. 4616405). In the three-phase bearingless motor described in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent No. 4616405), the motor windings U _mn , V _mn and W _mn and the support windings U _sn , V _sn and W _sn are disposed on the stator 111. _sn is provided separately. Each of the three-phase motor windings U _mn , V _mn and W _mn has one end connected to the neutral point N of the bearingless motor and the other end generating motor current via the terminals U _m , V _m and W _m. Connected to the unit 113. The motor current generation unit 113 is configured by, for example, a three-phase inverter. The three-phase support windings U _sn , V _sn and W _sn have one end connected to the neutral point N of the bearingless motor and the other end supported through the terminals U _s , V _s and W _s. Connected to the current generator 114. The support current generation unit 114 is configured by, for example, a three-phase inverter. The motor currents I _um , I _vm and I _wm flowing through the motor currents U _mn , V _mn and W _mn are controlled by the motor current generator 113, and independently of this, the support windings U _sn , V _sn and W _sn The supporting currents I _us , I _vs and I _ws flowing through are controlled by the supporting current generator 114.

  24 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the arrangement of the U-phase support windings of the bearingless motor shown in FIG. 23, and FIG. 25 is a stator having the U-phase support windings of the bearingless motor shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the support force generation | occurrence | production principle by. 26 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of the U-phase support winding of the bearingless motor shown in FIG. 24, and FIG. 27 shows the support flowing in the U-phase support winding of the bearingless motor shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the magnetomotive force distribution by an electric current. FIG. 28 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the arrangement of the U-phase motor winding current of the bearingless motor shown in FIG. 23, and FIG. 29 shows the U-phase motor winding of the bearingless motor shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the magnetomotive force distribution by the flowing motor current.

In the illustrated example, the rotor 112 is provided with an eight-pole permanent magnet, and the stator 111 is provided with twelve teeth U1 to U12. The U-phase support winding U _sn is arranged to face each other, for example, teeth U6, U7-8, and U9 and teeth U12, U1-2, and U3 among the 12 teeth U1 to U12. The

When a support current is passed through the support windings U _sn arranged as shown in FIG. 24 in the direction shown in FIG. 25, a two-pole support magnetic flux is generated as shown by a dashed line arrow in FIG. In the rotor 112, the bias magnetic flux is generated radially outward from the rotation axis as indicated by the solid arrows in FIG. 25, so that the bias magnetic flux and the support magnetic flux are strengthened and the magnetic flux becomes dense (see FIG. 25). (Right side) and a portion where the bias magnetic flux and the supporting magnetic flux weaken and the magnetic flux becomes sparse (left side in FIG. 25) occurs. Thereby, a support force is generated in the rotor 112 in the direction indicated by the thick arrow in FIG. 25 (right direction in FIG. 25). Here, the U-phase support windings U _sn are shown, but the V-phase and W-phase support windings V _sn and W _sn are also distributed in a balanced manner on the teeth U1 to U12 of the stator 111. The support force can be generated in a desired direction with respect to the rotor 112.

In passing the support current suspension winding U _sn as shown in FIG. 25, the equivalent circuit of the suspension winding U _sn can be expressed as in FIG. 26. Since the magnetic flux of the SPM type rotor (shown in FIG. 21) is linked to the support winding U _sn , an induced voltage is generated respectively. However, as shown in FIGS. the teeth U12, tooth U7-8 and teeth U1-2, and the induced voltage (v ₆ and v ₁₂ that occurs each winding in tooth U9 and teeth U3, v _7-8 and v _1-2, and v ₉ and v ₃ ) The size of each is equal. As described above, the induced voltage of the support windings U _sn in each tooth generated due to the magnetic flux of the SPM type rotor cancels each other, so that no induced voltage is applied to the support current generation unit 114.

In FIG. 27, the support current I _us flowing through the U-phase support winding U _sn generated by the support current generation unit 114 shown in FIG. 23 is I, and the support current I _vs flowing through the V-phase support winding V _sn Is −0.5I, the support current I _ws flowing through the W-phase support winding W _sn is −0.5I, and all the motor windings I _um , I _vm and I _wm generated by the motor current generation unit 113 are all The magnetomotive force distribution when 0 (zero) is indicated by a solid line. When this magnetomotive force distribution is expanded in the Fourier series, the magnetomotive force of the two-pole component that generates a supporting force for the rotor 112 having an eight-pole permanent magnet is as shown by a broken line in the figure, and generates a rotational torque. The magnetomotive force of the polar component is as shown by a one-dot chain line in the figure. That is, according to the bearingless motor described in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent No. 4616405), since the magnetomotive force of the 8-pole component due to the support current is not generated, the rotational torque due to the support current is generated. There is no. Here, the magnitude f _{s of the} magnetomotive force of the two-pole component is expressed by Equation 1.

Moreover, as shown in FIG. 28, in the bearingless motor described in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent No. 4616405), for example, for the U phase, out of 12 teeth U1 to U12 provided on the stator 111, as teeth motor windings U _mn of the same number of turns are arranged at equal intervals, motor winding U _mn are arranged. In the illustrated example, motor windings U _mn are arranged on the teeth U1, U4, U7, and U10, and a magnetomotive force of octupole magnetic flux is generated by _passing a motor current through the motor windings U _mn . In FIG. 29, the motor current I _um flowing through the U-phase motor winding U _mn generated by the motor current generation unit 113 shown in FIG. 23 is _defined as I, and the motor current I _vm flowing through the V-phase motor winding V _mn is − The motor current I _wm flowing through the W-phase motor winding W _mn is set to −0.5I, and the support windings I _us , I _vs and I _ws generated by the support current generation unit 114 are all 0 ( The magnetomotive force distribution with zero) is indicated by a solid line. When this magnetomotive force distribution is expanded in the Fourier series, the magnetomotive force of the two-pole component that generates a supporting force for the rotor 112 having an eight-pole permanent magnet is as shown by a broken line in the figure, and generates a rotational torque. The magnetomotive force of the polar component is as shown by a one-dot chain line in the figure. That is, according to the bearingless motor described in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent No. 4616405), since the magnetomotive force of the two-pole component due to the motor current is not generated, the bearing force due to the motor current is generated. There is no.

  In the bearingless motor described in Patent Document 1 described above, there is a motor in which a motor winding and a support winding having different numbers of poles are separately provided on a stator. A midpoint current injection type bearingless motor that generates rotational torque and supporting force only by current has also been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 2 and Non-Patent Document 13).

FIG. 30 is a diagram illustrating the arrangement of windings of the bearingless motor described in Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2011-045163). In a bearingless motor described in Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-045163), a winding U _ms and a winding U _sn , a winding V _ms and a winding V _sn , and a winding are provided on a stator 111. W _ms and winding W _sn are provided. Between the winding U _ms and the winding U _sn , between the winding V _ms and the winding V _sn, and between the winding W _ms and the winding W _sn , the midpoints U _s , V _s and W _s is provided. One end of each of the _windings U _ms , V _ms and W _ms is connected to the motor current generator 113 via each terminal U _m , V _m and W _m . The motor current generation unit 113 is configured by, for example, a three-phase inverter. Each of the midpoints U _s , V _s , and W _s is connected to the support current generator 114. The support current generation unit 114 is configured by, for example, a three-phase inverter. As described above, in the bearingless motor described in Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-045163), the U-phase winding includes the winding U _ms between the terminal U _m and the midpoint U _s , is composed of a winding U _sn between the midpoint U _s and the neutral point N, V-phase winding is a winding V _ms between the terminals V _m and midpoint V _s, the midpoint V is composed of _s and winding V _sn between the neutral point N, W-phase winding, and the winding W _ms between the terminal W _m, the midpoint W _s, middle and midpoint W _s The windings W _sn are connected to the sex point N. The windings U _ms and U _sn , the motor windings V _ms and V _sn , and the motor windings W _ms and W _sn are generated by the motor current generator 113. Since the generated motor current flows, it functions as a motor winding, and the windings U _sn , V _sn, and W _sn function as a support winding because the support current generated by the support current generation unit 114 flows.

  31 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the arrangement of U-phase windings of the bearingless motor shown in FIG. 30, and FIG. 32 is a support by a stator having the U-phase windings of the bearingless motor shown in FIG. 31. It is sectional drawing which shows a force generation principle. 33 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of the U-phase winding of the bearingless motor shown in FIG. 31, and FIG. 34 is based on the support current flowing through the U-phase winding of the bearingless motor shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows magnetomotive force distribution. FIG. 35 is a diagram showing a magnetomotive force distribution due to the motor current flowing in the U-phase winding of the bearingless motor shown in FIG.

In the illustrated example, the rotor 112 is provided with an eight-pole permanent magnet, and the stator 111 is provided with twelve teeth U1 to U12. In the midpoint current injection type bearingless motor described in Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2011-045163), two windings for generating a supporting force and eight poles for generating a rotational torque are generated by one winding. Therefore, the motor winding arrangement is different from the bearingless motor described in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent No. 4616405). That is, of windings of U-phase winding U _sn having both functions of supporting windings and the motor windings of the twelve teeth U1～U12, are disposed, for example, teeth U8, U6 and U1. On the other hand, of the windings of U-phase winding U _ms only function as an electric motor windings of the twelve teeth U1～U12, it is disposed, for example, teeth U2, U12 and U7.

When a supporting current is passed through the windings U _sn arranged as shown in FIG. 31 in the direction shown in FIG. 32, a two-pole supporting magnetic flux is generated as shown by the dashed line arrow in FIG. In the rotor 112, the bias magnetic flux is generated radially outward from the rotation axis as indicated by the solid arrows in FIG. 32, so that the bias magnetic flux and the support magnetic flux are intensified and the magnetic flux becomes dense (see FIG. 32). (Right side) and a portion where the bias magnetic flux and the supporting magnetic flux weaken and the magnetic flux becomes sparse (left side in FIG. 32) occurs. Thereby, a support force is generated in the rotor 112 in the direction indicated by the thick arrow in FIG. 32 (the right direction in FIG. 32). Although the U-phase winding U _sn is shown here, the V-phase and W-phase windings V _sn and W _sn are also arranged in a well-balanced manner on the teeth U1 to U12 of the stator 111 so that the rotation is achieved. A supporting force can be generated in a desired direction with respect to the child 112.

When a support current is passed through the winding _{Uns as} shown in FIG. 32, an equivalent circuit is represented as shown in FIG. From FIG. 33, the supporting current generation unit 114 connected to the terminal U _s has induced voltages (v ₂ , v ₁₂ , v ₇ , v ₈ , v ₈₎ applied to the motor current generation unit 113 connected to the terminal U _m . v ₆ and v ₁₎ small induced voltage than (v _8, v ₆ and v ₁₎ is seen to be applied.

Also, in FIG. 34, the U-phase support current I _us generated by the support current generation unit 114 shown in FIG. 30 is I, the V-phase support current I _vs is −0.5I, and the W-phase support current I is _A solid line represents the magnetomotive force distribution when _ws is set to −0.5I and the motor currents I _um , I _vm, and I _wm generated by the motor current generation unit 113 are all 0 (zero). When this magnetomotive force distribution is expanded in the Fourier series, the magnetomotive force of the two-pole component that generates a supporting force for the rotor 112 having an eight-pole permanent magnet is as shown by a broken line in the figure, and generates a rotational torque. The magnetomotive force of the polar component is as shown by a one-dot chain line in the figure. As shown in FIG. 34, although a motor current is set to 0 (zero), a magnetomotive force having an octupole component is generated by supplying a support current. It can be seen that the midpoint current injection type bearingless motor described in Japanese Patent No. 045163) generates rotational torque due to the support current. Here, the magnitude f _{s of the} magnetomotive force of the two-pole component is expressed by Equation 2.

  Formula 1 related to a bearingless motor described in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent No. 4616405) and Formula 2 related to a bearingless motor of a midpoint current injection type described in Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2011-045163) In comparison, the midpoint current injection type bearingless motor described in Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2011-045163) has a smaller magnetomotive force of the two-pole component. For this reason, the bearingless motor described in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent No. 4616405) is more suitable for the bearingless motor of the middle point current injection type described in Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2011-045163). It can be seen that the supporting force is less likely to occur.

In FIG. 35, in the motor current generator 113 shown in FIG. 30, the U-phase motor current I _um generated by the motor current generator 113 is set to I, and the V-phase motor current I _vm is set to −0.5I. The solid magnetomotive force distribution when the W-phase current I _wm is −0.5 I and the support windings I _us , I _vs and I _ws generated by the support current generation unit 114 are all 0 (zero). Is shown. When this magnetomotive force distribution is expanded in the Fourier series, the magnetomotive force of the two-pole component that generates a supporting force for the rotor 112 having an eight-pole permanent magnet is as shown by a broken line in the figure, and generates a rotational torque. The magnetomotive force of the polar component is as shown by a one-dot chain line in the figure. That is, according to the bearingless motor of the midpoint current injection type described in Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-045163), since the magnetomotive force of the two-pole component due to the motor current is not generated, The resulting support force is never generated.

  In addition to the bearingless motor described above, a bearingless motor that generates torque and supporting force by controlling current of each phase independently, for example, as a five-phase or six-phase winding has been proposed (for example, (Refer nonpatent literature 14-16.).

Japanese Patent No. 4616405 JP 2011-045163 A

Zhang et al., “Computational and Experiential Evaluation of Fluid Dynamics and Hemocompatibility of the CentriMag Blood Pumps, Computational and Blood Compatibility of the CentriMag Pump” . 30, no. 3, pp. 168-177, 2006 J. Asama et al., “A Compact Highly Efficient and Low Hemotropic Centrifugal Blood Pump Algebra, with a magnetic levitation impeller” Organ (Artificial Organs), Vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 160-167, 2006 S. Otsuka, Kouichi Sugawara, Nobuyuki Kurihara, Ryo Kondo, Yoji Okada, "Development of Wide Gap Magnetic Bearing and Experiment Considering Canned Pump Application", Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers (C), Vol. 73, no. 725, pp. 199-205, 2007 “Centrifugal Pump-A Perfect Example of a Mechatronics System”, Volume 1, IFAC Conference on Mechatronic Systems (IFAC-Conference on Mechanical 2000) Jurgen Hahn, Reto Schob, “Determining Flow and Pressure in the Bearing Pump The Sign Signal Sign and Signal Current and Motor Current” Currents ", International Power Electronics Conference, 2000 A. Chiba et al., “Magnetic Bearings and Bearingless Devices”, Newness Elsevier, pp 381, March 2005. By N. Yamamoto, M. Takemoto, S. Ogasawara, M. Hiragushi, "Experiments on a 5-axis active control type bearing rescanned motor pump (Experimental estimation of a 5-axis active control type bearing motor pump, (USA), Electromechanical and Electrical Conference (Electric Machines & Electronics, United States). , No. Pp. 148-153, May 15-18, 2011 Yuji Kishi, Takahisa Ishii, Junichi Asama, Akira Chiba, “Design of a bearingless motor for a thin centrifugal artificial heart”, IEEJ rotating machine study materials, Vol. RM-08-40, No. 33-48, pp. 43-48, 2008 Koya Kamiya, Shinya Sugimoto, Ryo Nakamura, Junichi Ma, Akira Chiba, Tadashi Fukao, “Shaft bearing characteristics of multi-pole contiguous pole type bearingless motor using toroidal winding”, Vol. RM-08, No. 33-48, pp. 37-42, 2008 Tomoyasu Tamura, Ryo Kawada, Junichi Asama, Takaaki Oiwa, Akira Chiba, "Reduction of bearing bearing interference", Proceedings of the 2010 Annual Meeting of the Japan Society for Precision Engineering, pp. 895-896, 2010 J. Asama, M. Amada, N. Tanabe, N. Miyamoto, A. Chiba, S. Iwasaki (S) Iwasaki, M. Takemoto, T. Fukao, MA Rahman, “Evaluation of a bearingless PM motor with a wide magnet gap (Evaluation). of Bearingless PM Motor With Wide Magnetic Gaps ", (USA), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Transactions, Energy Conversion, Vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 957-964, December 2010 Tsujimoto Osamu, Miyamoto Naoya, Asama Junichi, Chiba Akira, “Shaft support characteristics of 5-axis controlled bearinless pump”, Proceedings of Dynamics Symposium on Electromagnetic Forces, Vol. 21, pp. 143-148, 2009 Y. Iiyama, K. Soutome, A. Chiba “A novel middle-point current-injection motor for vibration suppression (A novel middle-point current-injection) type bearing motor for vibration suppression (USA), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), Energy Conversion Congress and Exhibition (ECCE), Vol. , No. Pp. 1693-1698, September 12-16, 2010 R.A.R. Ribeiro, F.E.F.Castro, A.O. Salazazar, A.O. L. Maiteri, “A Sustainable Current Control-Strate-Bearing Three-Phase Induction Electronics, USA” Society of Science (IEEE), Power Electronics Specialists Conference, PESC '05, Vol. 36, vol. No. , Pp. 701-706, June 16, 2005 W. Gruber, W. Amrhein, M. Haslmayr, “Bearingless Segment Motor With Five Stator-Design and Optimization (Bearingless Segment Motor With Five Stator) Elements-Design and Optimization), American Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), Industrial Applications, Vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 1301-1308, July-August 2009 W. Gruber, T. Nussbaumer, H. Grabner, “Wide Air Gap and Large— “Scale Bearing Segment Motor With Six Stator” ”, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), Magnetics, Vol. 46, No. 6, pp. 2438-2441, June 2010

  As in the invention described in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent No. 4616405), according to the bearingless motor in which the motor winding and the support winding having different numbers of poles are separately provided on the stator, the stator has a support winding. Since teeth that accommodate both the wires and the motor windings must be provided, there is a problem that the teeth become large and the bearingless motor must be large. The invention described in Patent Document 1 (Patent No. 4616405) in which the motor winding and the support winding are provided separately is disclosed in Patent Document 2 having a winding that shares the functions of the support winding and the motor winding. Compared to the invention described in Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-045163), it is usually necessary to increase the diameter of the stator by about 10%, but it is necessary to use a large space between the stator and the rotor. Since a particularly large magnetomotive force is required in the case of the bearingless motor used, the invention described in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent No. 4616405) inevitably has a problem that the diameter of the tooth must be increased. There is.

  On the other hand, according to the invention described in Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-045163), the support winding is eliminated, and the rotational torque and the support force are generated only by the motor current. Therefore, Patent Document 1 (Patent No. 4616405). This is suitable for downsizing compared to the invention described in the Japanese Patent Publication. However, the invention described in Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-045163) is less likely to generate support force for the above reasons than the invention described in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent No. 4616405). There's a problem. Further, there is a problem that rotational torque is generated due to the support current. Furthermore, as described above, since a part of the induced voltage is also applied to the support current generation unit, there is a problem that the design must be made in consideration of the withstand voltage of the control device for the bearingless motor.

  Furthermore, in the bearingless motors described in Non-Patent Documents 14 to 16, there is a problem that an induced voltage of the motor is generated.

  Therefore, in view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to generate a stable support force for floating the rotor across a certain gap in an electric motor in which the rotor rotates while generating a magnetic force. An object is to provide a small and low-cost electric motor, a stator of the electric motor, and an electric motor system including the electric motor.

  In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, a stator of an electric motor that rotates while the rotor generates a magnetic force is connected to an electric motor current generator that generates an electric motor current that generates a rotational torque of the rotor. A first terminal for connecting, a second terminal for connecting a support current generating unit for generating a support current for generating a magnetic force in the radial direction of the rotor, one end connected to the first terminal, and the other A first winding having an end connected to the second terminal, and a second winding having one end connected to the first terminal and the other end connected to a neutral point of the electric motor.

  Here, the first winding and the second winding have a support current flowing from the second terminal among the plurality of teeth provided on the stator along the rotation direction of the opposing rotor. A motor current that flows through the second winding via the first winding, generates a magnetomotive force that generates a supporting force by the first winding and the second winding, and flows from the first terminal. Are arranged on the teeth, respectively, that generate a magnetomotive force that generates torque by the first winding and the second winding by splitting and flowing into the first winding and the second winding. The

  In addition, the first winding and the second winding have a first support current flowing from the second terminal among the plurality of teeth provided on the stator along the rotation direction of the opposing rotor. The induced voltage in the first winding and the induced voltage in the second winding, which are generated when flowing through the second winding via the second winding, are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction. Placed on each tooth.

  An electric motor according to the present invention is a rotor that faces the stator described above with a gap in the radial direction between the stator and is attached so as to generate a bias magnetic flux radially outward from the rotation axis. A rotor provided with a magnetized permanent magnet, and a supporting current flowing in from the second terminal flows through the second winding via the first winding and the first winding and the second winding. The magnetic flux density is generated by the support magnetic flux generated by the winding of 2 and the bias magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet provided on the rotor, and the support force for magnetically floating the rotor with respect to the stator is generated. The motor current flowing from the first terminal branches into the first winding and the second winding and flows separately and is provided in the motor magnetic flux generated by the first winding and the second winding and the rotor. Rotor with bias magnetic flux generated by the generated permanent magnet Torque for rotating occurs.

  Here, the number of poles of the supporting magnetic flux generated by the first winding and the second winding in the stator is two more than the number of bias magnetic fluxes generated by the permanent magnet provided in the rotor, or Two very few.

  An electric motor system according to the present invention includes the above-described electric motor, an electric motor current generation unit that generates an electric motor current, and a support current generation unit that generates a support current.

  An electric motor system according to the present invention includes the above-described electric motor and a mechanism for generating a magnetic flux in the axial direction in the rotor and the stator by performing a field strengthening or field weakening on the motor and generating a thrust electromagnetic force. It has a function.

  According to the present invention, in an electric motor in which a rotor rotates while generating a magnetic force, a stable supporting force that allows the rotor to float over a certain gap can be generated, and an electric motor that is easy to control, small, and low in cost. In addition, a stator of the electric motor and an electric motor system including the electric motor can be realized.

  In the present invention, two windings are connected in parallel to the motor generator, one end of which is connected to the support current generator, and the other winding is connected to the neutral point. Thus, the motor current and the support current flow through all of these windings, and the rotational torque and the support force are generated in all the windings. Therefore, unlike the invention described in Patent Document 1 (Patent No. 4616405), the present invention does not separately provide the motor current and the support winding, so that the stator can be downsized. Therefore, the electric motor and the electric motor system can be fixed.

  According to the present invention, since the supporting current flows through all the windings, a large change in magnetic flux can be generated in the windings, and therefore, the supporting current is supplied to a part of the windings. It is possible to generate a larger support force than the bearingless motor of the midpoint current injection type described in JP 2011-045163 A. Further, even if the present invention is compared with the invention described in Patent Document 1 (Patent No. 4616405), the present invention is equivalent to the bearingless motor described in Patent Document 1 (Patent No. 4616405). The support force can be obtained.

  Further, according to the present invention, unlike the midpoint current injection type bearingless motor described in Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2011-045163), no magnetomotive force due to the support current is generated. No rotational torque is generated due to the current. That is, according to the present invention, the motor control system for controlling the rotation of the rotor and the support control system for controlling the support of the rotor do not interfere with each other, and the control device can be easily constructed. .

  Further, the induced voltage of the electric motor applied to the support current generation unit is 0 (zero). That is, since the induced voltage of the electric motor is not applied to the support current generation unit, the withstand voltage design of the motor control device is facilitated, and the cost is reduced.

It is a circuit diagram explaining arrangement | positioning of the coil | winding of the stator of the bearingless motor by the 1st-8th Example of this invention. It is sectional drawing explaining arrangement | positioning of the U-phase coil | winding of the bearingless motor by 1st Example of this invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a principle of generating a supporting force of a rotor having a U-phase winding of the bearingless motor according to the first embodiment of the present invention illustrated in FIG. 2. It is a figure which shows the equivalent circuit of the U-phase coil | winding of the bearingless motor by the 1st Example of this invention shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the magnetomotive force distribution by the support current which flows into the U-phase coil | winding of the bearingless motor by the 1st Example of this invention shown in FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the control apparatus for driving the bearingless motor by the 1st-8th Example of this invention. It is sectional drawing explaining arrangement | positioning of the winding of the U phase of the bearingless motor by the 2nd Example of this invention. It is sectional drawing explaining arrangement | positioning of the winding of the U phase of the bearingless motor by the 3rd Example of this invention. It is sectional drawing explaining arrangement | positioning of the winding of the U phase of the bearingless motor by the 4th Example of this invention. It is sectional drawing explaining arrangement | positioning of the winding of the U phase of the bearingless motor by the 5th Example of this invention. It is sectional drawing explaining arrangement | positioning of the winding of the U phase of the bearingless motor by the 6th Example of this invention. It is sectional drawing explaining arrangement | positioning of the U-phase coil | winding of the bearingless motor by the 7th Example of this invention. It is sectional drawing explaining arrangement | positioning of the winding of the U phase of the bearingless motor by the 8th Example of this invention. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a principle of generating a supporting force of a rotor having a U-phase winding of a bearingless motor according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention illustrated in FIG. 13. It is a circuit diagram explaining arrangement | positioning of the coil | winding of the stator of the bearingless motor by the 9th Example of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the canned pump by the 10th Example of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the canned pump by 11th Example of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the pump by the 12th Example of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the pump by 13th Example of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the pump by the 14th Example of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of a general bearingless motor. It is sectional drawing which shows the support force generation | occurrence | production principle of the rotor in a common bearingless motor. It is a figure explaining arrangement | positioning of the motor winding and support winding of a bearingless motor described in patent document 1 (patent 4616405 gazette). It is sectional drawing explaining arrangement | positioning of the support winding of the U phase of the allingless motor shown in FIG. FIG. 25 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the principle of generating a support force by a stator having a U-phase support winding of the bearingless motor shown in FIG. 24. It is a figure which shows the equivalent circuit of the support winding of the U phase of the bearingless motor shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the magnetomotive force distribution by the support current which flows into the support winding of the U phase of the bearingless motor shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing explaining arrangement | positioning of the U-phase motor winding current of the bearingless motor shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the magnetomotive force distribution by the motor current which flows into the motor winding of the U phase of the bearingless motor shown in FIG. It is a figure explaining arrangement | positioning of the coil | winding of the bearingless motor described in patent document 2 (Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2011-045163). It is sectional drawing explaining arrangement | positioning of the U-phase coil | winding of the bearingless motor shown in FIG. FIG. 32 is a cross-sectional view showing a principle of generating a supporting force by a stator having a U-phase winding of the bearingless motor shown in FIG. 31. FIG. 32 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of a U-phase winding of the bearingless motor shown in FIG. 31. It is a figure which shows the magnetomotive force distribution by the support current which flows into the U-phase coil | winding of the bearingless motor shown in FIG. FIG. 35 is a diagram showing a magnetomotive force distribution due to the motor current flowing in the U-phase winding of the bearingless motor shown in FIG.

  Hereinafter, an electric motor according to an embodiment of the present invention, a stator of the electric motor, and an electric motor system including the electric motor will be described with reference to the drawings. Hereinafter, the electric motor is referred to as a “bearingless motor”.

  FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram illustrating the arrangement of stator windings of a bearingless motor according to first to eighth embodiments of the present invention. Hereinafter, components having the same reference numerals in different drawings mean components having the same functions. In FIG. 1, the three-phase bearingless motor will be described as the first to eighth embodiments, but the present invention can be similarly applied to a two-phase bearingless motor, which will be described with reference to FIG. .

According to the first to eighth embodiments of the present invention, the stator 11 of the bearingless motor that rotates while the rotor generates magnetic force and floats from the stator is an electric motor that generates the rotational torque of the rotor. A first terminal U _m , V _m and W _m for connecting a motor current generator 13 for generating a current, and a support current generator 14 for generating a support current for generating a magnetic force in the radial direction of the rotor. Second terminals U _s , V _s and W _s for connection, one end is connected to the first terminals U _m , V _m and W _m , and the other end is the second terminals U _s , V _s and W first winding U _ms connected to _s, and V _ms and W _ms, one end first terminal U _m, is connected to V _m and W _m, the other end of the bearingless motor neutral point N And connected second windings U _mn , V _mn and W _mn . That is, in the stator 11 according to an embodiment of the present invention is to motor generator 13, the winding 2 in parallel (i.e., U-phase winding U _ms and the winding U _mn for, for V-phase winding V _{The ms} and the winding V _mn and the W phase are connected to the winding W _ms and the winding W _mn , and one of these windings (that is, the winding U _ms , the winding V _ms , and the winding) one end of the W _ms) is connected to the supporting current generator 14 is connected the other windings (i.e., windings U _mn, winding V _mn, and one end of the winding W _mn) is the neutral point N .

The electric motor current generation unit 113 and the support current generation unit 14 are configured by, for example, a three-phase inverter. The motor currents I _um , I _vm, and I _wm generated by the motor current generator 113 are the two parallel windings (that is, the winding U _ms and the winding U _mn for the U phase and the winding for the V phase). V _ms and winding V _mn and the W phase flow in parallel through winding W _ms and winding W _mn ). The support currents I _us , I _vs and I _ws generated by the support current generator 14 are the winding U _ms and the winding U _mn for the U phase, and the winding V _ms and the winding V for the V phase. _As for the W phase, the winding W _ms and the winding W _mn flow in series for the W phase. That is, in the stator 11 according to the first to eighth embodiments of the present invention, both the motor current and the support current flow through each winding. For example, in the example shown in FIG. 1, the two parallel windings (that is, the winding U _ms and the winding U _{mn for} the U phase, the winding V _ms and the winding V _{mn for} the V phase, and the W phase). Assuming that the motor currents I _um , I _vm and I _wm flow into the winding W _ms and the winding W _mn ) in equal amounts, the winding U _ms has a current “0.5 I _um −I _us ”flows, and the current“ 0.5 I _um + I _us ”flows through the winding U _mn . As for the V phase, the current “0.5 I _vm −I _vs ” flows through the winding V _ms, and the current “0.5 I _vm + I _vs ” flows through the winding V _mn . For the W phase, a current “0.5 I _wm −I _ws ” flows through the winding W _ms, and a current “0.5 I _wm + I _ws ” flows through the winding W _mn . Here, the coefficients of I _um , I _vm , and I _wm are set to 0.5 as an example, but other coefficients may be used, for example, about 0.1 to 0.9. In the following drawings including this drawing, the arrows shown in the drawings are used as positive and negative references for the direction of current flow.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the arrangement of the U-phase windings of the bearingless motor according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a bearing according to the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the support force generation | occurrence | production principle of the rotor which has a U-phase winding of a less motor. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of the U-phase winding of the bearingless motor according to the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the magnetomotive force distribution due to the support current flowing in the U-phase winding of the bearingless motor according to the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. In the example shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, as an example, the rotor 12 is provided with an eight-pole permanent magnet, and the stator 11 has twelve teeth U1 to U12 along the rotation direction of the opposing rotor 12. The case where it is provided is shown. Here, for the U phase, of the two windings U _ms and U _mn , the winding U _ms is referred to as a first winding and the winding U _mn is referred to as a second winding for convenience. The terminal U _m is referred to as a first terminal, and the terminal U _s is referred to as a second terminal. 2 to 5, only the U phase will be described for the sake of simplicity, but the same applies to the V phase and the W phase.

As for the tooth position of the winding arranged in the stator 11 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, one that satisfies the following two conditions is selected. First, as a first condition, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 for the U-phase winding, the first winding U _ms and the second winding U _mn in FIG. 1 flow from the second terminal U _s. supporting current magnetomotive force generating a supporting force by the first winding first flows through the second winding U _mn via the U _ms windings U _ms and second windings U _mn is generated to In addition, the motor current flowing from the first terminal U _m branches into the first winding U _ms and the second winding U _mn and flows separately to flow into the first winding U _ms and the second winding U _ms . It is assumed that each coil is arranged on a tooth where a magnetomotive force that generates torque is generated by the winding U _mn . As a second condition, as shown in FIGS. 2-4 the U-phase winding, the first winding U _ms and second windings U _mn in Figure 1, flows from the second terminal U _s induced supporting current in each induced voltage in the first winding U _ms for generating and second windings U _ms when flowing through the second winding U _mn via the U _ms first windings It is assumed that the voltages are respectively arranged on teeth having the same magnitude and the opposite directions. That is, as for the tooth positions of the windings arranged in the stator 11 according to the present invention, those that satisfy both the first condition and the second condition are selected.

In a first embodiment of the present invention, as illustrated in FIG. 2, of the twelve teeth U1～U12, first winding U _ms is arranged for example teeth U2, U12 and U7. At this time, the second winding U _mn is disposed on the teeth U8, U6 and U1. As for the direction of current flow in the first winding U _mn and the second winding U _ms , the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. 1 is positive. That is, a current of “0.5 I _um −I _us ” flows through the first winding U _ms in the direction of the arrow in the figure, and “0.5 I _um + I _us ” flows through the second winding U _mn . Each time the current flows in the direction of the arrow in the figure is positive. When the motor current generator 13 generates and outputs the motor current I _um , and the support current generator 14 generates and outputs the support current I _us , the second winding U _mn has “0.5 I _um. Current of “+ I _us ” flows, but a current of “0.5 I _um −I _us ” flows in the first winding U _ms . Therefore, the first winding U _mn flux substantially the same direction as the direction the winding coil as to generate magnetic flux that is generated when the current flows are wound about the second winding U _ms (FIG. 2 And FIG. 3).

When a supporting current is passed through the first winding U _ms and the second winding U _mn arranged as shown in FIG. 2, a two-pole supporting magnetic flux is generated as shown by a dashed line arrow in FIG. To do. In the rotor 12, the bias magnetic flux is generated radially outward from the rotation axis as indicated by solid arrows in FIG. 3, so that the bias magnetic flux and the support magnetic flux are strengthened and the magnetic flux becomes dense (see FIG. 3). (Right side) and a portion (left side in FIG. 3) that the bias magnetic flux and the support magnetic flux weaken and the magnetic flux becomes sparse. As a result, a support force is generated in the rotor 12 in the direction indicated by the thick arrow in FIG. 3 (the right direction in FIG. 3). Here, although the U-phase winding is shown, any of the teeth U1 to U12 of the stator 11 is also applied to each of the V-phase and W-phase windings in order to generate a supporting force in a desired direction with respect to the rotor 12. This can be done by dispersively arranging them.

In passing the supporting current to the first winding U _ms and second windings U _mn, as shown in FIG. 2, the equivalent circuit of the first winding U _ms and second windings U _mn Figure 4 It is expressed as A second winding U _mn arranged in the first winding U _ms and teeth U8, U6 and U1 arranged in the tooth U2, U12 and U7 is applied in parallel. An induced voltage is generated in each of the first winding U _ms and the second winding U _mn because the rotor motor magnetic flux is interlinked, but the neutral point N from the connection point U _s of the support current generation unit 14 is generated. Considering the flow of supporting currents up, placed on the teeth U8, U6 and U1 having a first winding U _ms and a positive induced voltage is placed on the teeth U2, U12 and U7 having a negative induced voltage There is a second winding U _mn . That is, when viewed from the side of the second terminal U _s to which the support current generation unit 14 is connected, the first winding U _ms and the second winding U _mn are supported by the current flowing from the second terminal U _s. induced voltage v _7, v ₁₂ and v ₂ and the second winding in but first winding U _ms respectively generated when flowing through the second winding U _mn via the first winding U _ms The induced voltages v ₈ , v _6, and v ₁ in the line U _mn are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, so that these induced voltages cancel each other and the induced voltage of the motor applied to the support current generation unit 14 Becomes 0 (zero). That is, no induced voltage is applied to the support current generation unit 14. Thus, a negative support current flows in the first winding U _ms disposed teeth U2, U12 and U7, the second winding U _mn arranged in the tooth U8, U6 and U1 positive Therefore, the winding arrangement as viewed from the supporting current generator 14 is as shown in FIG. 3 described above. The support magnetic flux shown in FIG. 3 is superimposed on the bias magnetic flux of the rotor 12 to create a magnetic flux density, and a support force for the rotor 12 is generated.

Further, in FIG. 5, the supporting current I _us flowing through the U-phase windings U _ms and U _mn generated by the supporting current generation unit 14 shown in FIG. 1 is set as I, and the current flows through the V-phase windings V _ms and V _mn . The support current I _vs is set to −0.5I, the support current I _ws flowing through the W-phase windings W _ms and W _mn is set to −0.5I, and the motor currents I _um and I _vm generated by the motor current generation unit 13 are set. The magnetomotive force distribution when I _wm is all 0 (zero) is indicated by a solid line. When this magnetomotive force distribution is expanded in the Fourier series, the magnetomotive force of the two-pole component that generates a supporting force for the rotor 12 having an eight-pole permanent magnet is as shown by a broken line in the figure, and generates a torque 8. The magnetomotive force of the polar component is as shown by a one-dot chain line in the figure. That is, according to the bearingless motor according to the first embodiment of the present invention, unlike the midpoint current injection type bearingless motor described in Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-045163), the supporting current is reduced. Since the resulting magnetomotive force of the octupole component is not generated, no rotational torque is generated due to the support current. Here, the magnitude f _{s of the} magnetomotive force of the two-pole component is expressed by Equation 3.

  Here, when Formula 1 regarding the bearingless motor described in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent No. 4616405) is compared with Formula 3 regarding the bearingless motor according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the first of the present invention is compared. It can be seen that the bearingless motor according to the example has the same supporting force as that of the bearingless motor described in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent No. 4616405).

  Thus, according to the first embodiment of the present invention, since the supporting current from the supporting current generator 14 flows through the two windings in series for each phase, a large magnetic flux change can be generated. Thus, it is possible to generate a larger supporting force than that of the midpoint current injection type bearingless motor described in Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2011-045163) in which a supporting current is caused to flow in a part of the winding. Further, when viewed from the supporting current generation unit 14 side, the induced voltage of the two windings cancel each other and the induced voltage of the motor applied to the supporting current generation unit 14 becomes 0 (zero). The induced voltage is not applied.

  FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a control apparatus for driving a bearingless motor according to first to eighth embodiments of the present invention. Here, the bearingless motor according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described. However, the second to eighth embodiments which are three-phase bearingless motors similar to the bearingless motor according to the first embodiment are also illustrated. The control device 6 can be similarly applied.

  A three-phase bearingless motor 1 according to the present invention is opposed to the stator 11 described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5 as a first embodiment of the present invention with a gap in the radial direction with respect to the stator 11. In the bearingless motor 1, the rotor 12 is provided with a rotor 12 provided with a permanent magnet magnetized so as to generate a bias magnetic flux directed radially outward from the rotation axis. The supporting current flowing in from the terminals of the first and second terminals flows through the second winding through the first winding and the supporting magnetic flux generated by the first winding and the second winding and the permanent provided in the rotor 12. Magnetic flux density is generated by the bias magnetic flux generated by the magnet, and a supporting force for magnetically floating the rotor 12 with respect to the stator 11, that is, a supporting force for the stator 11 to magnetically support the rotor 12 is generated. , Electricity flowing from the first terminal The machine current branches and flows into the first winding and the second winding, and is generated by the motor magnetic flux generated by the first winding and the second winding and the permanent magnet provided in the rotor 12. Rotational torque for rotating the rotor 12 is generated by the biased magnetic flux. The bearingless motor 1 is equipped with position sensors 15x and 15y for measuring the position of the floating rotor as a parameter relating to the x direction and the y direction.

  The control device 2 for driving and controlling the bearingless motor 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes an electric motor control unit 2-1 and a support control unit 2-2.

A motor inverter that is a motor current generator 13 is provided in the motor controller 2-1. The motor controller 2-1 is given a rotational speed command value ω ^* and a current command value i ^* , and the motor inverter 13 responds to the command values ω ^* and i ^* to the motor currents i _um and i _vm for each phase. And i _wm are output. The output motor currents i _um , i _vm and i _w are respectively input to the first terminals U _m , V _m and W _m of the stator 11 of the bearingless motor 1 described with reference to FIGS. . The motor inverter 13 may be a general-purpose inverter.

In the support control unit 2-2, a support control calculation unit 2-2-1, a PID control unit 2-2-2, and a support inverter that is the support current generation unit 14 are provided. The positions x _g and y _{g in} the xy direction of the floating rotor 12 detected by the position sensors 15 x and 15 y mounted on the bearingless motor 1 are input to the support control unit 2-2. Difference in the support control unit 2-2, in which the position command value x ^* and y ^* of the rotor 12, detected by the position sensor 15x and 15y, the position x _g and y _g of the rotor 12 of the bearingless motor 1 Is input to the control unit 2-2-2 such as PID. The PID controller 2-2-2 creates support current command values i _sa ^* and i _sb ^* according to the input values. The detected values of the motor currents i _um , i _vm, and i _wm output from the motor inverter 13 are input to the support control calculation unit 2-2-1.

The support control arithmetic unit 2-2-1 converts the support current command values i _sa ^* and i _sb ^* into a two-phase / three-phase conversion based on Expression 4 and halves the input motor currents i _um , i _vm and i _wm . Is subtracted to create support current command values i _us ^* , i _vs ^*, and i _ws ^* . The support inverter 14 outputs support currents i _us , i _vs and i _ws for each phase in accordance with the support current command values i _us ^* , i _vs ^* and i _ws ^* . The output support currents i _us , i _vs and i _ws are respectively input to the second terminals U _s , V _s and W _s of the stator 11 of the bearingless motor 1 described with reference to FIGS. . The same configuration can be made when the bearingless motor has two phases. As described above, according to the present invention, since no magnetomotive force due to the support current is generated, no rotational torque due to the support current is generated. Therefore, the bearingless motor according to the present invention as shown in FIG. In the control device, the motor control unit 2-1 for controlling the rotation of the rotor and the support control unit 2-2 for controlling the support of the rotor do not interfere with each other. Can be built.

In the above-described first embodiment of the present invention, each winding is arranged at the tooth position shown in FIG. 2, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the winding is arranged in the stator 11 of the present invention. The tooth position may satisfy any of the first condition and the second condition described above. That is, in the present invention, only the U phase will be described for the sake of simplicity. As the first condition, the first winding U _ms and the second winding U _mn described with reference to FIG. , supporting current flowing from the second terminal U _s is the first winding first flows through the second winding U _mn via the U _ms windings U _ms and second windings U _mn A magnetomotive force that generates a supporting force is generated, and an electric motor current flowing from the first terminal U _m branches into the first winding U _ms and the second winding U _mn and flows separately. It is assumed that the coil _Ums and the second coil _Umn are respectively arranged on teeth that generate a magnetomotive force that generates torque. As a second condition, the first winding U _ms and second windings U _mn in Figure 1, supporting a current flowing from the second terminal U _s is via the U _ms first winding Thus, the induced voltage in the first winding U _{ms and} the induced voltage in the second winding U _ms, which are respectively generated when flowing through the second winding U _mn , are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction. It shall be arranged on each such tooth. The same applies to the V phase and the W phase.

  Even if the number of poles of the permanent magnet provided in the rotor is changed, the present invention can be applied as long as both the first condition and the second condition are satisfied. Hereinafter, another embodiment in which the tooth position of the winding and the number of poles of the permanent magnet are changed will be described.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the arrangement of the U-phase support winding of the bearingless motor according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the second embodiment of the present invention, as in the case of the first embodiment, an 8-pole permanent magnet is provided on the rotor 12, and the stator 11 is arranged along the rotation direction of the rotor 12 facing it. Although the case where twelve teeth U1 to U12 are provided is shown, the tooth position of the winding is different from that of the first embodiment. That is, as shown in FIG. 7, of the twelve teeth U1～U12, first winding U _ms is disposed teeth U3, U11 and U7. At this time, the second winding U _mn is disposed on the teeth U5, U9 and U1.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the arrangement of U-phase windings of a bearingless motor according to a third embodiment of the present invention. In the third embodiment of the present invention, the rotor 12 is provided with an 8-pole permanent magnet, and the stator 11 is provided with 24 teeth U1 to U24 along the rotation direction of the opposing rotor 12. It is a thing. As shown in FIG. 8, of the 24 teeth U1～U24, first winding U _ms is disposed teeth U4, U3, U23, U22, U14, U13 and U12. At this time, the second winding U _mn is arranged on the teeth U10, U11, U15, U16, U24, U1 and U2.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the arrangement of the U-phase winding of the bearingless motor according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. In the fourth embodiment of the present invention, the rotor 12 is provided with an 8-pole permanent magnet, and the stator 11 is provided with 18 teeth U1 to U18 along the rotation direction of the opposing rotor 12. It is a thing. As shown in FIG. 9, of the 18 teeth U1～U18, first winding U _ms is disposed teeth U3, U17, U11, U10 and U9. At this time, the second winding U _mn is disposed on the teeth U8, U12, U18, U1 and U2.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the arrangement of U-phase windings of a bearingless motor according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. In the fifth embodiment of the present invention, the rotor 12 is provided with a 10-pole permanent magnet, and the stator 11 is provided with 12 teeth U1 to U12 along the rotation direction of the opposing rotor 12. It is a thing. As shown in FIG. 10, of the twelve teeth U1～U12, first winding U _ms is disposed teeth U6, U8, U12 and U2. At this time, the second winding U _mn is disposed, for example, on the teeth U1 and U7. As described above, the present invention can be realized even if the number of teeth on which the winding is arranged is different between the first winding _Ums and the second winding _Umn .

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the arrangement of U-phase windings of a bearingless motor according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. In the sixth embodiment of the present invention, the rotor 12 is provided with a 10-pole permanent magnet, and the stator 11 is provided with 15 teeth U1 to U15 along the rotation direction of the opposing rotor 12. It is a thing. As shown in FIG. 11, of the fifteen teeth U1～U15, first winding U _ms is disposed teeth U7, U10, U14, U15, U2 and U3. At this time, for example, the second winding U _mn is disposed on the teeth U1, U9, and U8.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the arrangement of U-phase windings of a bearingless motor according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention. In the seventh embodiment of the present invention, the rotor 12 is provided with a six-pole permanent magnet, and the stator 11 is provided with nine teeth U1 to U9 along the rotation direction of the opposing rotor 12. It is a thing. As shown in FIG. 12, of the nine teeth U1～U9, first winding U _ms is disposed teeth U2 and U9. At this time, for example, the second winding U _mn is disposed on the teeth U5, U6, and U1.

The present invention can also be applied to a bearingless motor having a configuration different from the bearingless motors according to the first to seventh embodiments. For example, as an eighth embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 13 and FIG. 14 show a bearingless motor in which the rotor is composed only of the SPM type and generates a supporting force by a magnetic flux having a two-pole difference with respect to the number of poles of the rotor. Will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the arrangement of U-phase windings of a bearingless motor according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 14 is a sectional view showing the principle of generating a supporting force of a rotor having a U-phase winding of the bearingless motor according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. In the eighth embodiment of the present invention, a SPM type rotor 12 is provided with a two-pole permanent magnet, and the stator 11 has six teeth U1 to U6 along the rotation direction of the opposing rotor 12. Is provided. As shown in FIG. 13, of the six teeth U1 to U6, the first winding U _ms is arranged in the teeth U4, a second winding U _mn are disposed on the teeth U1.

When a supporting current is passed through the first winding U _ms and the second winding U _mn arranged as shown in FIG. 13 in the direction shown in FIG. 13, as shown by the dashed-dotted arrow in FIG. A pole support magnetic flux is generated. In the rotor 12, a bipolar magnetic flux is generated in one direction as indicated by a solid line arrow in FIG. 14, so that the bias magnetic flux and the support magnetic flux strengthen each other and the magnetic flux becomes dense (the right side in FIG. 14), A portion (left side in FIG. 14) occurs where the bias magnetic flux and the support magnetic flux weaken and the magnetic flux becomes sparse. Therefore, a support force is generated in the rotor 12 in the right direction in FIG. Although the U-phase winding is shown here, the V-phase and W-phase windings are also distributed to the teeth U1 to U6 of the stator 11 in order to generate a supporting force in a desired direction with respect to the rotor 12. Deploy. Thus, according to the present invention, if the supporting magnetic flux having two or more poles of the bias magnetic flux generated in the rotor 12 is generated on the stator 11 side, the rotor can be provided. A support force can be generated for 12.

  Although the above-described first to eighth embodiments of the present invention have been described with respect to a three-phase bearingless motor, the present invention is similarly applicable to a two-phase bearingless motor. A ninth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 15 is a circuit diagram illustrating the arrangement of the windings of the stator of the bearingless motor according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention.

According to the ninth embodiment of the present invention, the stator 11 of the bearingless motor, in which the rotor rotates while generating the magnetic force, generates the motor current that generates the bearingless motor current that generates the rotational torque of the rotor. a second terminal a _s for connecting a first terminal a _m and B _m for connecting the parts 13, the supporting current generator 14 for generating a supporting current for generating a magnetic force in the radial direction of the rotor And B _s , first windings A _ms and B _ms having one end connected to the first terminals _Am and B _m and the other end connected to the second terminals A _s and B _s , and one end Second windings A _mn and B _mn connected to first terminals _Am and B _m and having the other end connected to a neutral point N of the bearingless motor. That is, in the stator 11 according to an embodiment of the present invention is to motor generator 13, the winding 2 in parallel (ie, A-phase winding A _ms and the winding A _mn for, and the B-phase winding B _ms and winding B _mn ), one end of which is connected to the supporting current generator 14 (ie, winding A _ms and winding B _ms ), and the other winding (That is, winding A _mn and winding B _mn ) are connected to neutral point N.

The motor current generation unit 13 and the support current generation unit 14 are configured by, for example, a two-phase inverter. The motor currents I _am and I _bm generated by the motor current generation unit 13 are the two parallel windings (that is, the winding A _ms and the winding A _mn for the A phase, and the winding B _ms for the B phase. And winding B _mn ) in parallel. The support currents I _as and I _bs generated by the support current generation unit 14 include the winding A _ms and the winding A _mn for the A phase, the winding B _ms and the winding B _mn for the B phase, Each flows in series. That is, also in the stator 11 according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention, both the motor current and the support current flow through each winding as in the case of the first to eighth embodiments. For example, in the example shown in FIG. 15, the motor current is supplied to the two parallel windings (that is, winding A _ms and winding A _{mn for} the A phase and winding B _ms and winding B _mn for the B phase). When I _am and I _bm is assumed to flow into each the same amount, for a-phase, the current "0.5I _am -I _{the as"} flow through the winding a _ms, the winding a _mn current "0.5I _am + I _as "flows. For the B phase, a current “0.5 I _bm −I _bs ” flows through the winding B _ms, and a current “0.5 I _bm + I _bs ” flows through the winding B _mn . Here, the coefficients of I _am and I _bm are set to 0.5 as an example, but other coefficients may be used, for example, about 0.1 to 0.9.

  Next, specific application examples of the bearingless motor according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In addition, in order to simplify description, in the figure shown in FIGS. 16-20, only the structure of a half is shown with respect to the rotating shaft shown with a dashed-dotted line.

  FIG. 16 is a sectional view showing a canned pump according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 16, a main shaft 21 is formed around a rotation axis indicated by a one-dot chain line, and a rotor 12 and an impeller 22 are formed on the outer periphery of the main shaft 21. The impeller 22 serves as a pump that shifts the inflowing liquid to the discharge port 27. A rotor 23 such as an SPM type, an inset type or a consequent pole type, and the homopolar rotor 12 are arranged side by side in the axial direction with a space therebetween via a ring 24. The ring 24 may have the same diameter as the homopolar rotor 12 or may have a hollow shape. Along with this, a ring-shaped rotor permanent magnet 25 and a rotor 26 are arranged in the axial direction. In addition, you may abbreviate | omit the permanent magnet of a rotor, a clearance gap, etc. The rotor 12 is covered with a can (not shown) made of resin or stainless steel. This results in a cylindrical shape with no steps. A can is also formed on the inner surface of the stator 11. A permanent magnet 28 magnetized in the axial direction is arranged at the center of the stator 11. Although the permanent magnet 28 is ring-shaped, it may be divided into several parts. For example, it may have a configuration in which a plurality of rectangular parallelepiped permanent magnets are arranged. The permanent magnet 28 is arranged so as to be sandwiched between the iron cores of the stators 29 and 30. The stator 11 is applied with a winding system of a bearingless motor according to the present invention, and generates torque and radial force. That is, a radial force is generated by the interaction with the homopolar rotor 12, and a torque is generated by the interaction with the SPM type rotor 23. The rotor 26 only needs to be configured to generate torque. For example, various methods such as inset, IPM, continuous pole type, and induction machine are applicable. The stator 29 may be configured with the same structure as the stator 11, may be a conventional bearingless motor, or may be a simple homopolar magnetic bearing.

  FIG. 17 is a sectional view showing a canned pump according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention. In an eleventh embodiment of the present invention, a mechanism for generating a force in the axial direction is provided in the tenth embodiment. As shown in FIG. 17, the structure on the left side in the figure from the permanent magnet 28 located at the center in the axial direction is the same as that of the tenth embodiment described above. On the other hand, a salient pole 32 is formed on the rotor 31 along the axial direction on the right side in the drawing. The stator 34 includes a slot 33-1 and a protrusion 35 arranged in the axial direction. A thrust coil 33-2 is disposed in the slot 33-1. In the illustrated example, the two salient poles 35 and the two slots 33-1 are configured. However, one or three or more may be configured as necessary. The salient pole 32 of the rotor 21 and the projection 35 of the stator 34 are not opposed to each other, and the slot 33-1 of the stator 34 and the salient pole 32 of the rotor 21 are opposed to each other. The magnetic flux generated by the central permanent magnet 28 flows through the salient poles 32 of the rotor 21 and the projections 35 of the stator 34. When a current is passed through the thrust coil 33-2 disposed in the slot 33-1 of the stator 34 in the direction shown in FIG. 17, a magnetic flux centered on the thrust coil 33-2 is generated as shown by a dotted line in the figure, As a result, the magnetic flux density on the right side of the salient pole 32 of the rotor 31 in the figure increases, and the magnetic flux density on the right side of the protrusion 35 of the stator 34 in the figure also increases. As a result, an electromagnetic force directed to the right direction is generated on the main shaft 21. Since the thrust coil 33-2 for generating thrust force provided in the slot 33-1 of the stator 34 has a ring shape, the current direction is reversed at the lower portion of the main shaft 21, and the thrust force in the same direction as the upper portion is generated. To do. Conversely, if the direction of current flow is reversed, electromagnetic force can be generated in the left direction. The right stator 34 is further wound in the same manner as in the tenth embodiment, but as an alternative to this, the winding of the bearingless motor according to the present invention, the conventional bearingless motor A winding or a winding of a homopolar magnetic bearing may be used. Further, if no winding is provided, a three-axis active control system including left-side two-axis active control and thrust control may be configured.

  FIG. 18 is a sectional view showing a pump according to a twelfth embodiment of the present invention. In the twelfth embodiment of the present invention, the bearingless motor according to the present invention is applied to two electromagnetic machines located on both axial sides of the permanent magnets 25 and 28 located in the axial center. Further, in order to generate a thrust force, the stators 11 and 44 are configured with slots 43-1 and salient poles 42, and the rotor 41 is configured with salient poles 42. A thrust coil 43-2 is disposed in the slot 43-1. The permanent magnet 28 is on the stator 11 and 44 side, and the permanent magnet 25 is on the rotor 11 and 41 side. The permanent magnet 25 on the rotor 12 side is magnetized in the axial direction and is formed inside the left and right iron cores 12 and 41. These permanent magnets 25 and 28 generate a homopolar magnetic flux in the axial direction. In addition, you may arrange | position a permanent magnet in either one of the stators 11 and 44 and the rotors 12 and 41, and in this case, the side where the stators 11 and 44 or the rotors 12 and 41 on which the permanent magnets are disposed is located. The permanent magnet 28 or 25 is replaced with an iron core. Of the four coil ends 30 shown in FIG. 18, the coil ends on the side where the stator 11 and the stator 44 face each other may be omitted.

  FIG. 19 is a sectional view showing a pump according to a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention. The thirteenth embodiment of the present invention is applied to a pump using a radial-direction biaxial active control type bearingless motor. As shown in FIG. 19, an impeller 53 is formed on the left side of the rotor 12, and the liquid that has entered from the inflow port 51 is discharged from the discharge port 52. A ring-shaped stator 11 is configured in the radial direction of the rotor 12. The stator 11 is applied with a winding system of a bearingless motor according to the present invention, and a current flows through this winding to generate a radial electromagnetic force and torque. In the illustrated example, the winding of the stator 11 shows a coil end 30, which is a normal winding system. In order to prevent the coil end 30 of the stator from protruding, a toroidal winding may be used. In the case of the toroidal winding, the coil end 30 is also arranged on the outer periphery of the stator 11.

  FIG. 20 is a sectional view showing a pump according to a fourteenth embodiment of the present invention. The fourteenth embodiment of the present invention is a 5-axis or 3-axis active control system in which a permanent magnet in the thrust direction is divided into two. Mechanisms 64 and 67 for generating electromagnetic force in the thrust direction by dividing the permanent magnets 25 and 28 arranged in the axial direction into two parts are arranged between the permanent magnets 25 and 28 divided into two parts. The mechanisms 64 and 67 that generate electromagnetic force in the thrust direction are the same as those described in the eleventh and twelfth embodiments. The rotor 12 includes two salient poles 65 for generating a thrust force, but may be one, or a plurality of three or more. A slot 66-1 of the stator 11 is provided at a position facing the salient pole 65 of the rotor 12. A thrust coil 66-2 is disposed in the slot 66-1. The winding method of the present invention is applied to both or one of the stators 11 and 68. The illustrated homopolar magnetic flux is used to generate a radial force at the stators 11 and 68 together with the generation of a thrust force.

  In the above-described tenth to fourteenth embodiments, the case where the bearingless motor according to the present invention is applied to a pump is shown. However, the present invention can also be applied to a gas machine such as an electric motor fan, blower or compressor according to the present invention. .

  The present invention can be applied to an electric motor in which a rotor rotates while generating magnetic force, a stator of the electric motor, and an electric motor system including the electric motor. More specifically, the electric motor according to the present invention can be applied to pumps, electric motor fans, blowers, compressors, and the like.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electric motor 2 Control apparatus 2-1 Electric motor control part 2-2 Support control part 2-2-1 Support control calculating part 2-2-2 PID control part 11 Stator 12 Rotor 13 Motor current generation part 14 Support current generation part 15x, 15y Position sensor 20 Case 21 Main shaft 22, 53, 63 Impeller 23 SPM type rotor 24 Ring 25 Permanent magnet 26, 31, 41, 64 Rotor 27, 52, 62 Discharge port 28 Thrust magnet 29, 34, 44, 67, 68 Stator 30 Coil end 32, 42, 65 Salient pole 33-1, 43-1, 66-1 Slot 33-2, 43-2, 66-2 Thrust coil 51, 61 Inlet N Neutral point U ₁ , U ₂ , U ₃ , U ₄ , U ₅ , U ₆ , U ₇ , U ₈ , U ₉ , U ₁₀ , U ₁₁ , U ₁₂ teeth U _m , V _m , W _m , _Am , B _m 1 terminal U _ms , V _ms , W _{m s} , A _ms , B _ms first windings U _s , V _s , W _s , A _s , B _s second terminals U _mn , V _mn , W _mn , A _mn , B _mn second winding

Claims (7)

A stator of an electric motor whose rotor rotates while generating magnetic force,
A first terminal for connecting an electric motor current generator for generating an electric motor current for generating a rotational torque of the rotor;
A second terminal for connecting a support current generator for generating a support current for generating a magnetic force in the radial direction of the rotor;
A first winding having one end connected to the first terminal and the other end connected to the second terminal;
A second winding having one end connected to the first terminal and the other end connected to a neutral point of the motor;
Equipped with a,
The first winding and the second winding receive a support current flowing from the second terminal among a plurality of teeth provided on the stator along the rotation direction of the opposing rotor. A magnetomotive force is generated that generates a supporting force by the first winding and the second winding through the second winding via the first winding, and the first winding The motor current flowing from the terminal branches into the first winding and the second winding and flows separately to generate a magnetomotive force that generates torque by the first winding and the second winding. the teeth which will, stator, wherein Rukoto disposed respectively. The first winding and the second winding receive a support current flowing from the second terminal among a plurality of teeth provided on the stator along the rotation direction of the opposing rotor. The induced voltage in the first winding and the induced voltage in the second winding, which are respectively generated when flowing through the second winding via the first winding, are equal in magnitude and The stator according to claim 1, wherein the stator is disposed on each of teeth whose directions are opposite to each other. The stator according to claim 1 or 2 ,
A rotor facing the stator with a gap in the radial direction, provided with a permanent magnet magnetized so as to generate a bias magnetic flux directed radially outward from the rotation axis;
With
The supporting current flowing from the second terminal flows through the second winding via the first winding, and the supporting magnetic flux generated by the first winding and the second winding Magnetic flux density is generated by the bias magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet provided in the rotor, and a supporting force for magnetically levitating the rotor with respect to the stator is generated.
The motor magnetic flux generated by the first winding and the second winding when the motor current flowing from the first terminal is branched and flows into the first winding and the second winding. A rotating torque for rotating the rotor is generated by the bias magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet provided on the rotor. The number of poles of the supporting magnetic flux generated by the first winding and the second winding in the stator is two more than the number of bias magnetic fluxes generated by the permanent magnet provided in the rotor. The electric motor according to claim 3 , wherein the number of the electric motors is two or less. An electric motor according to claim 3 or 4 ,
A motor current generator for generating the motor current;
A support current generation unit for generating the support current;
An electric motor system comprising: An electric motor according to claim 3 or 4 ,
Means for generating a magnetic flux in a thrust direction in the rotor and the stator of the electric motor;
With
A motor system that generates a thrust electromagnetic force based on the magnetic flux in the thrust direction. A first terminal for connecting a motor current generator for generating a motor current for generating a rotating torque of the rotor, the stator of the motor rotating while the rotor generates magnetic force; A second terminal for connecting a supporting current generating unit that generates a supporting current for generating a magnetic force in the radial direction, one end connected to the first terminal, and the other end connected to the second terminal. A stator comprising: a first winding; and a second winding having one end connected to the first terminal and the other end connected to a neutral point of the motor;
A rotor facing the stator with a gap in the radial direction, provided with a permanent magnet magnetized so as to generate a bias magnetic flux directed radially outward from the rotation axis;
With
The supporting current flowing from the second terminal flows through the second winding via the first winding, and the supporting magnetic flux generated by the first winding and the second winding Magnetic flux density is generated by the bias magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet provided in the rotor, and a supporting force for magnetically levitating the rotor with respect to the stator is generated.
The motor magnetic flux generated by the first winding and the second winding when the motor current flowing from the first terminal is branched and flows into the first winding and the second winding. A rotating torque for rotating the rotor is generated by the bias magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet provided on the rotor.

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