JP5892931B2 - 細胞治療において使用するための方法および組成物 - Google Patents
細胞治療において使用するための方法および組成物 Download PDFInfo
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Description
[0003] 自己免疫疾患は、細菌、ウイルスおよび任意のその他の外来生成物に対して身体を防御するよう意図されている身体の免疫系が、正常に機能せず、健常な組織、細胞および臓器に対して病的応答を生じさせる場合に引き起こされる。抗体、T細胞およびマクロファージは、有益な保護を提供するが、有害なまたは致命的な免疫応答を引き起こす場合もある。
[0006] 炎症は、身体の白血球および分泌された因子が、細菌およびウイルスなどの生体異物による感染から我々の身体を保護するプロセスである。サイトカインおよびプロスタグランジンとして知られる分泌された因子はこのプロセスを制御し、秩序ある自己制御式のカスケードで血液または患部組織に放出される。
[0007] IBDは、粘膜T細胞の機能障害、最終的に遠位小腸および結腸粘膜の損傷につながるサイトカイン産生および細胞炎症の変化を特徴とする、慢性、特発性、再発性、および組織破壊性疾患のファミリーである。IBDは、臨床的に2つの表現型:クローン病(CD)および潰瘍性大腸炎に細分される。CDは、現在、有病率が0.05%である不治の自己免疫疾患であり、腹痛、直腸の出血、下痢、体重減少、皮膚および眼の障害ならびに小児における成長遅延および性的成熟遅延をはじめとするさまざまな胃腸症状および腸外症状をもたらす慢性炎症につながる。これらの症状は、患者の健康、生活の質および機能的能力に大きく影響を及ぼし得る。CDは、慢性であり、通常、30歳前に発症するので、患者は、一般に、生涯の治療を必要とする。その病因論は依然としてわかっていないが、CDを内因性抗原に対する免疫応答を減弱する粘膜免疫系の不全と関連付ける間接的証拠がある。
[0010] 関節リウマチおよび若年性関節リウマチは、炎症性関節炎の種類である。関節炎は、関節における炎症を説明する一般用語である。すべてではないが、一部の種類の関節炎は、間違った炎症の結果である。関節リウマチは、世界の人口の約1%に影響を及ぼしており、本質的に身体に障害を引き起こすものである。関節リウマチは、それによって、身体の免疫系が、関節中で潤滑液を分泌する滑膜を外来性であると誤って同定する自己免疫障害である。その結果、炎症が起こり、関節中およびその周囲の軟骨および組織が損傷を受けるか、破壊される。身体は、損傷を受けた組織を瘢痕組織と取り換え、関節中の正常な空間を狭くさせ、骨が一緒に融合してしまう。
i.損傷を受けた組織の治療もしくは修復;および/または
ii.炎症性障害および/もしくは免疫障害と関連している1種もしくは複数の症状の治療、調節、改善および/もしくは予防
の方法において使用するための、リンパ系に投与される、幹細胞、調節性T細胞および/または線維芽細胞が記載されている。
[0022] 本明細書の理解を容易にするために、本発明との関連で、一部の用語および表現の意味を以下に説明する。さらなる定義は、必要に応じて明細書全体を通して含まれよう。
[0080] 本発明の方法において使用するのに好適なMSCは、好ましくは、多能性(multipotent)または多能性(pluripotent)幹細胞であり、増殖し、少なくとも2、より好ましくは、3、4、5、6、7またはそれ以上の細胞系統に分化される能力を示し得る。前記MSCが分化され得る細胞系統の例示的な非限定的な例として、骨細胞、脂肪細胞、軟骨細胞、腱細胞、筋細胞、心筋細胞、造血支持間質細胞、内皮細胞、ニューロン、星状細胞および肝細胞が挙げられる。MSCは、従来法により、増殖してその他の系統の細胞に分化し得る。分化した細胞を同定し、続いて、その未分化の対応物から分化した細胞を単離する方法も当技術分野で周知の方法によって実施できる。
[0081] MSCを単離する方法は、当技術分野で公知であり、任意の好適な方法を使用してもよい。ASCの単離の一実施形態では、これは、
(i)脂肪の試料から細胞懸濁液を調製する工程と;
(ii)前記細胞懸濁液から細胞を回収する工程と;
(iii)細胞が固体表面と接着し、増殖するのを可能にする条件下、固体表面で、好適な細胞培地中の前記細胞をインキュベートする工程と;
(iv)インキュベーション後に前記固体表面を洗浄して、接着していない細胞を除去する工程と;
(v)このような培地で少なくとも2回継代された後に、前記固体表面に接着したままである細胞を選択する工程と;
(vi)選択された細胞集団が注目する表現型を示すことを確認する工程と
を含み得る。
[00100] 一実施形態では、MSC、調節性T細胞および/または線維芽細胞を、本発明の方法において使用する前に増殖させておいてもよい。細胞増殖法は、当技術分野で公知である。
[00101] 別の実施形態では、MSC、調節性T細胞および/または線維芽細胞は、遺伝子改変された(例えば、外因性核酸を用いて形質導入された、またはトランスフェクトされた)細胞であってもよく、それに由来してもよい。
[00103] さらに別の実施形態では、MSC、調節性T細胞および/または線維芽細胞は、本発明の方法におけるその使用に先立って照射されていてもよい。細胞の照射は、その増殖能および生存時間を低減する。
[00105] さらに別の実施形態では、MSC、調節性T細胞および/または線維芽細胞を、本発明の方法における使用に先立って、CD26アンタゴニストまたは阻害剤を用いて処理してもよい。CD26アンタゴニストおよび阻害剤は、当技術分野で公知であり、限定するものではないが、アミノメチルピリジン;P32/98;NVP DPP728;PSN9301;イソロイシンチアゾリジド;デナグリプチン(Denagliptin);シタグリプチン;ビルダグリプチン;サキサグリプチン;アログリプチン;ジプロチンAが挙げられ、このような処理は当業者によって実施され得る。
[00106] 別の実施形態では、MSC、調節性T細胞および/または線維芽細胞を、本発明の方法における使用に先立ってインターフェロンγで刺激してもよい。その刺激のためのMSCのIFN−γ処理は、当技術分野で公知であり、当業者によって実施され得る。
[00107] さらに別の実施形態では、MSC、調節性T細胞および/または線維芽細胞を、本発明の方法における使用に先立って、抗原を用いて刺激してもよい。その刺激のためのMSCの抗原処理は、当技術分野で公知であり、当業者によって実施され得る。
[00108] さらに別の実施形態では、MSC、調節性T細胞および/または線維芽細胞を、本発明の方法における使用に先立ってマイトマイシンCを用いて処理してもよい。MSCのマイトマイシンC処理は、当技術分野で公知であり、当業者によって実施され得る。
ASCを用いるコラーゲン誘導関節炎(CIA)の治療
材料および方法
コラーゲン誘導関節炎(CIA)マウスモデル
[00112] 実験的関節炎を、DBAl/(H−2q)雄マウス(6〜8週齢)において誘導した。研究の開始当日に、各マウスに、0.1ml/動物の容量で、完全フロイントアジュバント(結核菌1mg/ml最終濃度)(CFA)中、ニワトリII型コラーゲン(CII)(1mg/ml最終濃度)のエマルジョンの第1の用量を用いて尾(身体から2〜3cm)に皮下注射した。コラーゲンの第1の注射の21日後、各動物にCII(0.1ml/動物)の第2の注射(追加免疫)を、やはり尾であるが第1の注射とは異なる位置で皮下投与した。この際、不完全フロイントアジュバント(IFA)を使用してコラーゲン懸濁液を作製した。
0:関節炎の徴候なし
1:足または1本の指の腫脹および/発赤
2:2群の炎症(腫脹および/または発赤)関節
3:2を超える群の炎症(腫脹および/または発赤)関節
4:足全体の炎症。重篤な関節炎
最終スコアは、4本の足のスコアの合計である。最大スコアは16である。
[00115] 対照
群A=治療なし。
群C=用量あたり100万個細胞の静脈内注射。連続日あたり1用量。全部で5用量。
群E=1用量あたり320,000個細胞のリンパ内注射(160,000個右鼠径部結節、160,000個左のもの)。全部で2用量、第1の7日前に第2の用量。
群F=リンガー溶液のリンパ内注射。全部で2用量、第1の7日前に第2の用量。
[00121] 試験品を、滅菌バタフライニードル(25G)の使用によって尾静脈を介して静脈内に投与した。動物に5連続用量または3隔日(1日あたり1)を与えた。動物に、試験品0.2mlを、0.05ml/分の速度での注入として尾静脈を介して静脈内に与えた。
[00123] DBAlマウスを、鼻マスクを介して2.0〜2.5%のイソフロラン(Isofloran)の吸入によって麻酔し、37℃の加温プレート上に寝かせた。脱毛(Veetセンシティブ脱毛クリーム)および70%エタノールでの鼠径部領域の消毒後、鼠径部領域中で6〜8mmの切開を行った。鼠径部脂肪内のリンパ節の位置を特定し、8μlのビヒクルまたはビヒクルおよびASC(2000万個細胞/mlの密度で)を、30ゲージニードルを備えたHamiltonシリンジを使用してリンパ節に注射した。1つまたは2つの結び目によって切開を縫合し、もう一方の側の鼠径部リンパ節において手順を反復した。マウスを麻酔から回復させた。7日後、手順を反復した。
[00125] 局所麻酔および全身鎮静下、ヒト脂肪組織を脂肪吸引によって得た。中空の先端の丸いカニューレを、小さい切開(直径0.5cm未満)を通して皮下空間中入れた。穏やかに吸引しながら、脂肪組織の機械的破壊のために、カニューレを脂肪組織腹壁コンパートメント中に移動させた。生理食塩水溶液および血管収縮薬エピネフリンを脂肪組織コンパートメント中に注射し、血液喪失を最小化した。このようにして、治療されるべき各患者から生吸引脂肪組織80〜100mlが得られた。
[00130] 結果の統計的有意性を、統計プログラムGraphPad Instat 3を使用して評価した。結果は、平均±標準誤差として表し、ここで、(n)は動物の数である。
[00133] 関節炎をニワトリコラーゲンIIの注射によってDBAlマウスで誘発した。マウスが2〜4の関節炎スコアを示した場合には、増殖させたASCを用い、静脈内またはリンパ内経路によってそれらを治療した。リンパ内投与の対照として、マウスをビヒクルを用いて治療した。関節炎スコアを毎日モニタリングした(表1参照のこと)。未治療のマウスまたはビヒクルを用いて治療されたマウスは、時間依存的に増大した足の高い炎症を示したのに対し、リンパ内に送達された増殖させたASCを用いて治療されたマウスは、有意に低減された炎症を示した。さらに、リンパ内投与の治療効果は、静脈内投与よりも高かった(図1参照のこと)。
[00135] 本研究は、DBAlマウスへのヒトASCのリンパ内投与が、関節炎の重篤度の統計的に有意な低減をもたらすことを示す(関節炎指数スコアによって示されるように)。
Claims (16)
- 炎症性障害および/または免疫障害と関連している損傷組織および/または1種または複数の症状を有する被験体において、炎症性障害および/または免疫障害と関連している1種または複数の症状の治療、調節または改善をするための、予防的または治療的有効量の間葉幹細胞を含む医薬組成物であって、前記被験体のリンパ系に投与される、医薬組成物。
- 前記被験体のリンパ系への抗原の投与と組み合わせて前記被験体のリンパ系に投与される、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記抗原が、前記医薬組成物の投与に先立って、それと同時にまたはそれに続いて投与される、請求項2に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記抗原が、前記医薬組成物の投与の少なくとも1、2、3、5もしくは10時間前または少なくとも1、2、3、5もしくは10時間後に投与される、請求項2に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記医薬組成物が、リンパ器官に投与される、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記医薬組成物の投与が、シリンジによって実施される、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 炎症性障害および/または免疫障害と関連している損傷組織および/または1種または複数の症状を有する被験体において、炎症性障害および/または免疫障害と関連している1種または複数の症状の治療、調節または改善をするためのキットであって、
i)リンパ系に投与される間葉幹細胞を含む医薬と、
ii)前記被験体のリンパ系に、予防上または治療上有効な量の間葉幹細胞を含む組成物を投与するための使用説明書と
を含むキット。 - 前記障害が、セリアック病、関節リウマチ、炎症性腸疾患および多発性硬化症からなる群から選択される、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記抗原が、コラーゲン、グルテン、グルテン成分、ミエリンまたはミエリン成分である、請求項2に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記間葉幹細胞が、脂肪由来の間葉幹細胞である、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記間葉幹細胞が、骨髄由来の間葉幹細胞である、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- リンパ系に直接投与される、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- 末梢リンパ器官に投与される、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- リンパ節に投与される、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 腋窩または鼠径部リンパ節に投与される、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記投与が、前記シリンジの注射ニードルの位置をモニタリングするための、放射線装置、超音波装置またはイメージング装置を使用して行われる、請求項6に記載の医薬組成物。
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CN110709091A (zh) | 2017-05-15 | 2020-01-17 | 干细胞医药有限公司 | 使用长效格拉替雷和脂肪源性干细胞治疗多发性硬化症 |
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CN107349419A (zh) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-11-17 | 广东颜值科技有限公司 | 一种细胞组合物及其制备方法和应用 |
CN107281469A (zh) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-10-24 | 广东颜值科技有限公司 | 一种细胞组合物及其制备方法和应用 |
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JP5925408B2 (ja) | 2005-09-23 | 2016-05-25 | タイジェニックス、ソシエダッド、アノニマ、ウニペルソナルTigenix S.A.U. | 免疫調節活性を有する細胞集団、単離方法および使用 |
US8241621B2 (en) * | 2006-12-18 | 2012-08-14 | Medistem Laboratories | Stem cell mediated treg activation/expansion for therapeutic immune modulation |
US20090324609A1 (en) * | 2007-08-09 | 2009-12-31 | Genzyme Corporation | Method of treating autoimmune disease with mesenchymal stem cells |
US20110262402A1 (en) * | 2007-09-07 | 2011-10-27 | Masahiko Kuroda | Therapeutic and prophylactic agents for arthritis |
EP2279246A4 (en) * | 2008-05-02 | 2012-03-28 | Massachusetts Inst Technology | METHOD AND COMPOSITIONS FOR MODULATING IMMUNOLOGICAL TOLERANCE |
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EP2451943B1 (en) | 2016-11-23 |
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WO2011004264A1 (en) | 2011-01-13 |
JP2012532859A (ja) | 2012-12-20 |
MX359639B (es) | 2018-10-04 |
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AU2010269962A1 (en) | 2012-03-01 |
US20120308585A1 (en) | 2012-12-06 |
HUE031921T2 (en) | 2017-08-28 |
NZ597975A (en) | 2014-06-27 |
CN102549147A (zh) | 2012-07-04 |
SG177582A1 (en) | 2012-03-29 |
US8679834B2 (en) | 2014-03-25 |
KR101788885B1 (ko) | 2017-10-20 |
CA2767300A1 (en) | 2011-01-13 |
IL217377A0 (en) | 2012-02-29 |
KR20120051006A (ko) | 2012-05-21 |
EP3150703A1 (en) | 2017-04-05 |
IL217377A (en) | 2017-10-31 |
ES2479542T3 (es) | 2017-05-26 |
DK2451943T3 (en) | 2017-02-06 |
EP2451943A1 (en) | 2012-05-16 |
BR112012000534A2 (pt) | 2017-06-13 |
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