JP5890423B2 - Isfet装置 - Google Patents
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/403—Cells and electrode assemblies
- G01N27/414—Ion-sensitive or chemical field-effect transistors, i.e. ISFETS or CHEMFETS
- G01N27/4148—Integrated circuits therefor, e.g. fabricated by CMOS processing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C16/00—Erasable programmable read-only memories
- G11C16/02—Erasable programmable read-only memories electrically programmable
- G11C16/04—Erasable programmable read-only memories electrically programmable using variable threshold transistors, e.g. FAMOS
- G11C16/0408—Erasable programmable read-only memories electrically programmable using variable threshold transistors, e.g. FAMOS comprising cells containing floating gate transistors
- G11C16/0416—Erasable programmable read-only memories electrically programmable using variable threshold transistors, e.g. FAMOS comprising cells containing floating gate transistors comprising cells containing a single floating gate transistor and no select transistor, e.g. UV EPROM
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C16/00—Erasable programmable read-only memories
- G11C16/02—Erasable programmable read-only memories electrically programmable
- G11C16/04—Erasable programmable read-only memories electrically programmable using variable threshold transistors, e.g. FAMOS
- G11C16/0408—Erasable programmable read-only memories electrically programmable using variable threshold transistors, e.g. FAMOS comprising cells containing floating gate transistors
- G11C16/0441—Erasable programmable read-only memories electrically programmable using variable threshold transistors, e.g. FAMOS comprising cells containing floating gate transistors comprising cells containing multiple floating gate devices, e.g. separate read-and-write FAMOS transistors with connected floating gates
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C16/00—Erasable programmable read-only memories
- G11C16/02—Erasable programmable read-only memories electrically programmable
- G11C16/04—Erasable programmable read-only memories electrically programmable using variable threshold transistors, e.g. FAMOS
- G11C16/0408—Erasable programmable read-only memories electrically programmable using variable threshold transistors, e.g. FAMOS comprising cells containing floating gate transistors
- G11C16/0441—Erasable programmable read-only memories electrically programmable using variable threshold transistors, e.g. FAMOS comprising cells containing floating gate transistors comprising cells containing multiple floating gate devices, e.g. separate read-and-write FAMOS transistors with connected floating gates
- G11C16/045—Floating gate memory cells with both P and N channel memory transistors, usually sharing a common floating gate
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10T436/14—Heterocyclic carbon compound [i.e., O, S, N, Se, Te, as only ring hetero atom]
- Y10T436/142222—Hetero-O [e.g., ascorbic acid, etc.]
- Y10T436/143333—Saccharide [e.g., DNA, etc.]
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Description
図1を参照されたい。したがって、電解質と参照電極の組み合わせは、正常なMOSFETでゲートの役割を果たす。ゲート酸化物はイオン感知膜になる。FETの電気的な動作モードは次によって表現され得る:
位置解離モデルおよびGouy−Chapman−Stern二重層モデルを使用して、図2のとおりに、ISFETはモデル化され得る。ここでVchemは、電解質とそのインターフェースから、参照電極、および膜(6)を検知するイオンの両方に発生する化学的電圧である。
図6−BのISFETで、入力は単一のトランジスタ増幅器のフローティング・ゲートに供給される。動作の領域に依存して、それは、式(1)のId−Vgsの関係の1つに従う。通常は、IdまたはVdsのいずれかが一定にされ、他方は出力を表す。
装置の例証的な実施形態は、方法の例証的な実施形態におけるその使用の結果を含めて、以下に詳述する。
<参考文献>
Claims (23)
- サンプルのイオン濃度の変化を検知するための半導体装置であって、
共通のフローティング・ゲートに結合された複数の電界効果トランジスタ(FET)と、
前記サンプルに露出し、かつ前記フローティング・ゲートに結合された、イオン感応性層と、
前記サンプルに露出された参照電極をさらに含み、
前記参照電極に結合された入力電圧は複数のFETのスイッチング閾値を設定するために配列され、
使用の際に、トランジスタを通過する電流が、スイッチング閾値と比較して、前記イオン感応性層近傍の前記サンプルのイオン濃度の大きさに依存してオンまたはオフに切り替えられてなる半導体装置。 - 前記複数のFETが、コンパレーターの形態で配列されたP型FETおよびN型FETを含む請求項1に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記複数のFETが、インバータの形態で配列されたP型FETおよびN型FETを含む請求項1又は2に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記複数のFETが、前記サンプルのイオン濃度に従って、論理1又は論理0の出力信号を有するインバータの形態で配列されたP型FETおよびN型FETを含む請求項1又は2に記載された半導体装置。
- 前記FETが弱い反転でバイアスをかけられる請求項1乃至4のいずれかに記載の半導装置。
- 前記FETが飽和とカットオフの間で切り替わるようにバイアスがかけられる請求項1乃至5のいずれかに記載の半導体装置。
- 前記複数の電界効果トランジスタのためのスイッチング閾値を設定するために、電荷を除去するか、或いは前記フローティング・ゲートに電荷を追加するための前記フローティング・ゲートに結合された1以上の第1の電気的入力信号を含んでなる請求項1乃至6のいずれかに記載の半導体装置。
- 1以上の第1の電気的入力信号が、スイッチング閾値を設定するためにフローティング・ゲートに結合され、かつスイッチング閾値を設定しないときに、離脱されるように配列されてなる請求項7に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記1以上の第1の電気的入力信号は、正電圧に接続された1つの信号、および負電圧に接続された1つの信号を含んでなる請求項7又は8に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記フローティング・ゲートに結合された第2の電気的入力信号をさらに含み、前記第2の電気的入力信号は複数の電界効果トランジスタを切り替えるように大きさを変化させるために配列されてなる請求項1乃至9のいずれかに記載の半導体装置。
- 前記イオン感応性層が第1のキャパシタンスによってフローティング・ゲートに結合され、かつ前記第2の電気的入力信号が第2のキャパシタンスによってフローティング・ゲートに結合されてなる請求項10に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第2のキャパシタンスに対する前記第1のキャパシタンスの比率が1を超える請求項11に記載の半導体装置。
- 複数の化学反応を検知し、その入力として前記複数の化学反応のおのおのの結果を有する論理関数を評価するための回路であって、
前記回路は、
前記複数の化学反応のおのおののために、少なくとも1つの反応チャンバーを含み、
前記化学反応は反応チャンバーのイオン濃度を変更し、
ここで、おのおのの反応チャンバーに、請求項1乃至12のいずれかに従う装置が設けられ、おのおのの装置は、デジタル出力信号を提供し、当該デジタル出力信号の状態は、そのチャンバー中のサンプルのイオン濃度に依存し、かつ論理関数の評価のため、デジタル信号処理回路を形成するために、当該デジタル出力信号の出力は互いに結合されてなる回路。 - 請求項1乃至12のいずれかに従う複数の装置を含む回路。
- AND、NAND、OR、NOR、XOR、XNOR、およびそれらの組み合わせの1つから選択された論理関数を実行するために、前記複数の装置が互いに接続されてなる請求項14に記載の回路。
- サンプル中の標的イオン濃度を表す出力を提供する方法であって、
前記方法は、
共通のフローティング・ゲートに結合された複数の電界効果トランジスタ(FET)と、前記フローティング・ゲートに露出され、かつ前記フローティング・ゲートに結合された感応性層とを備えるCMOSスイッチを設ける工程と、
前記CMOSスイッチの状態をオンまたはオフに切り替えるために、前記サンプルにイオン感応性層を露出する工程と、および
前記CMOSスイッチから信号を出力する工程
を含んでなる方法。 - 前記フローティング・ゲートに電荷を設定するために、前記フローティング・ゲートに結合された第1の電気的入力信号電圧を設定する工程をさらに含み、前記電荷は零ボルトである請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記CMOSスイッチのスイッチング閾値を設定し、前記複数のFETにバイアスをかけるために、前記サンプルに参照電極を露出する工程をさらに含む請求項16又は17に記載の方法。
- 予め定められたイオン濃度に対応するCMOSスイッチのスイッチング閾値を設定するために参照電極に接続された参照電圧を設定する工程をさらに含む請求項16乃至17のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 現在のイオン濃度を測定するために前記参照電圧を変化させ、しかる後に、前記イオン濃度が予め定めされた量を越えて変化する場合に、前記CMOSスイッチが状態を切り替えるように、前記参照電圧を設定する工程をさらに含む請求項18又は19に記載の方法。
- 前記CMOSスイッチの状態を切り替えるために、フローティング・ゲートに結合された第2の電気的入力の電圧を変化させる工程さらに含む請求項16乃至20のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 出力信号は、デジタル信号である請求項16乃至21のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 化学反応を開始する工程をさらに含み、そのプロダクトが標的イオンを含む請求項16乃至22のいずれかに記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB1017023.1 | 2010-10-08 | ||
GBGB1017023.1A GB201017023D0 (en) | 2010-10-08 | 2010-10-08 | ISFET switch |
PCT/IB2011/002376 WO2012046137A1 (en) | 2010-10-08 | 2011-10-10 | Isfet device |
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JP2013539049A JP2013539049A (ja) | 2013-10-17 |
JP5890423B2 true JP5890423B2 (ja) | 2016-03-22 |
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JP2013532285A Active JP5890423B2 (ja) | 2010-10-08 | 2011-10-10 | Isfet装置 |
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US (1) | US9140663B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2625514B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5890423B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN103210307B (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2554128T3 (ja) |
GB (1) | GB201017023D0 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2012046137A1 (ja) |
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US11846603B2 (en) | 2018-05-25 | 2023-12-19 | University Public Corporation Osaka | Chemical sensor |
US20210270770A1 (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2021-09-02 | Ecole Polytechnique Federale De Lausanne (Epfl) | Field-effect transistor device or sensor for sensing ions, molecules or biomarkers in a fluid |
US11293897B2 (en) | 2018-11-30 | 2022-04-05 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Ltd. | High sensitivity ISFET sensor |
US10830731B1 (en) | 2019-09-17 | 2020-11-10 | Globalfoundries Singapore Pte. Ltd. | Sensor devices and methods of forming the same |
KR102655502B1 (ko) * | 2021-09-28 | 2024-04-09 | 서울대학교산학협력단 | 상보형 센서 일체형 인터페이스 회로 및 상보형 센서 일체형 차동 인터페이스 회로 |
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US7462512B2 (en) * | 2004-01-12 | 2008-12-09 | Polytechnic University | Floating gate field effect transistors for chemical and/or biological sensing |
GB2416210B (en) * | 2004-07-13 | 2008-02-20 | Christofer Toumazou | Ion sensitive field effect transistors |
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