JP5882844B2 - Conductive endless belt - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a conductive endless belt (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “belt”), and more specifically, a conductive material used as an intermediate transfer belt, a transfer conveyance belt, or the like in various image forming apparatuses such as copying machines and printers, particularly color printers. Sex endless belt.

  Conventionally, in an electrostatic recording process in a copying machine, a printer, etc., first, the surface of a photosensitive member (latent image holding member) is uniformly charged, and an image is projected onto the photosensitive member from an optical system and exposed to light. An electrostatic latent image is formed by erasing the charged portion, and then toner is supplied to the electrostatic latent image to form a toner image by electrostatic adhesion of the toner, which is formed on paper, OHP, photographic paper For example, a method of printing by transferring to a recording medium such as the above is employed.

  In this case, color printers and color copiers basically print according to the above process, but in the case of color printing, the color tone is reproduced using toners of four colors, magenta, yellow, cyan, and black. Therefore, a process for obtaining a necessary color tone by superimposing these toners at a predetermined ratio is required, and several methods have been proposed for performing this process.

  First, as in the case of monochrome printing, when the electrostatic latent image is visualized by supplying toner onto the photosensitive member, the four colors of magenta, yellow, cyan, and black are sequentially added. There is a multi-development system in which development is performed by superimposing and a color toner image is formed on the photoreceptor. According to this method, it is possible to configure the apparatus relatively compactly, but this method has a problem in that it is very difficult to control gradation and high image quality cannot be obtained.

  Second, four photosensitive drums are provided, and the latent images on each drum are developed with magenta, yellow, cyan, and black toners, respectively, so that a magenta toner image, a yellow toner image, a cyan toner image, and a black toner image are obtained. By forming four toner images of the toner image, arranging the photosensitive drums on which these toner images are formed in a line, sequentially transferring the toner images onto a recording medium such as paper, and superimposing them on the recording medium, a color image is formed. There is a tandem method to reproduce. Although this method can obtain a good image, the four photosensitive drums, the charging mechanism and the developing mechanism provided for each photosensitive drum are arranged in a line, and the apparatus becomes large and expensive. It becomes.

  FIG. 2 shows a configuration example of the printing unit of the tandem image forming apparatus. A printing unit composed of the photosensitive drum 1, the charging roll 2, the developing roll 3, the developing blade 4, the toner supply roll 5, and the cleaning blade 6 corresponds to each toner of yellow Y, magenta M, cyan C, and black B 4 The toner images are sequentially transferred onto a sheet that is circulated by a driving roller (driving member) 9 and conveyed by a transfer conveying belt 10 to form a color image. Charging and discharging of the transfer / conveying belt are performed by the charging roll 7 and the discharging roll 8, respectively. Further, a suction roller (not shown) is used for charging the paper for sucking the paper onto the belt. Owing to these measures, generation of ozone can be suppressed. The suction roller places the paper on the transfer conveyance belt from the conveyance path and performs electrostatic adsorption on the transfer conveyance belt. Further, the sheet separation after the transfer can be performed only by the curvature separation by lowering the transfer voltage to weaken the adsorption force between the sheet and the transfer conveyance belt.

  As materials for the transfer / conveyance belt 10, there are a resistor and a dielectric, each having advantages and disadvantages. Since the resistor belt can hold charges for a short time, when it is used for tandem transfer, there is little charge injection during transfer, and the voltage rise is relatively small even during continuous transfer of four colors. In addition, when it is repeatedly used for the transfer of the next sheet, the electric charge is released, and no electrical reset is required. However, since the resistance value changes due to environmental fluctuations, there are disadvantages such as affecting transfer efficiency and being easily influenced by the thickness and width of the paper.

  On the other hand, in the case of a dielectric belt, there is no spontaneous release of injected charge, and both charge injection and discharge must be electrically controlled. However, since the charge is stably held, the sheet can be adsorbed reliably and can be conveyed with high accuracy. Since the dielectric constant is less dependent on temperature and humidity, the transfer process is relatively stable to the environment. The drawback is that the transfer voltage increases because charges are accumulated on the belt each time the transfer is repeated.

  Thirdly, a recording medium such as paper is wound around a transfer drum, and this is rotated four times, and magenta, yellow, cyan, and black on the photosensitive member are sequentially transferred to the recording medium every rotation to reproduce a color image. There is also a method. According to this method, a relatively high image quality can be obtained. However, when the recording medium is a cardboard such as a postcard, it is difficult to wind the recording medium around the transfer drum, and the type of the recording medium is limited. There is.

  A system in which good image quality is obtained with respect to the multiple development system, tandem system and transfer drum system, the apparatus is not particularly large, and the type of recording medium is not particularly limited. As an example, an intermediate transfer method has been proposed.

  That is, in this intermediate transfer system, an intermediate transfer member composed of a drum or a belt for temporarily transferring and holding the toner image on the photosensitive member is provided, and a magenta toner image, a yellow toner image, and a cyan toner are provided around the intermediate transfer member. An image and four photoconductors on which a black toner image is formed are arranged, and four color toner images are sequentially transferred onto the intermediate transfer member, thereby forming a color image on the intermediate transfer member. The image is transferred onto a recording medium such as paper. Therefore, since the gradation is adjusted by superimposing the four color toner images, it is possible to obtain high image quality, and it is not necessary to arrange the photoconductors in a row as in the tandem method, so that the apparatus can be used. There is no particular increase in size, and there is no need to wrap the recording medium around the drum, so the type of recording medium is not limited.

  As an apparatus for forming a color image by the intermediate transfer method, an image forming apparatus using an endless belt-shaped intermediate transfer member as an intermediate transfer member is illustrated in FIG.

  In FIG. 3, reference numeral 11 denotes a drum-shaped photoconductor, which rotates in the direction of the arrow in the figure. The photosensitive member 11 is charged by the primary charger 12, and then the charged portion of the exposed portion is erased by image exposure 13, and an electrostatic latent image corresponding to the first color component is formed on the photosensitive member 11. The electrostatic latent image is developed with the first color magenta toner M by the developing device 41, and a first color magenta toner image is formed on the photoreceptor 11. Next, the toner image is circulated and driven by a driving roller (driving member) 30 and transferred to the intermediate transfer member 20 that circulates and rotates while contacting the photoreceptor 11. In this case, transfer from the photoconductor 11 to the intermediate transfer member 20 is performed by a primary transfer bias applied from the power source 61 to the intermediate transfer member 20 at the nip portion between the photoconductor 11 and the intermediate transfer member 20. After the first color magenta toner image is transferred to the intermediate transfer member 20, the surface of the photoconductor 11 is cleaned by the cleaning device 14, and the development transfer operation for the first rotation of the photoconductor 11 is completed. Thereafter, the photoconductor rotates three times, and the second color cyan toner image, the third color yellow toner image, and the fourth color black toner image are sequentially used by the developing units 42 to 44 for each turn. The toner image is formed on the intermediate transfer member 20 and is superimposed and transferred to the intermediate transfer member 20 every round, so that a composite color toner image corresponding to the target color image is formed on the intermediate transfer member 20. In the apparatus of FIG. 3, the developing devices 41 to 44 are sequentially replaced with each rotation of the photoreceptor 11 so that development with magenta toner M, cyan toner C, yellow toner Y, and black toner B is sequentially performed. It has become.

  Next, the transfer roller 25 contacts the intermediate transfer member 20 on which the composite color toner image is formed, and a recording medium 26 such as paper is fed from the paper feed cassette 19 to the nip portion. At the same time, a secondary transfer bias is applied from the power source 29 to the transfer roller 25, and the composite color toner image is transferred from the intermediate transfer member 20 onto the recording medium 26 and heated and fixed to form a final image. After the composite color toner image is transferred to the recording medium 26, the transfer residual toner on the surface is removed by the cleaning device 35, and the intermediate transfer member 20 returns to the initial state to prepare for the next image formation.

  There is also an intermediate transfer method that combines a tandem method and an intermediate transfer method. FIG. 4 illustrates an intermediate transfer type image forming apparatus that forms a color image using an endless belt-shaped intermediate transfer member.

  In the illustrated apparatus, a first developing unit 54 a to a fourth developing unit 54 d that develop the electrostatic latent images on the photosensitive drums 52 a to 52 d with yellow, magenta, cyan, and black, respectively, along the intermediate transfer member 50. The intermediate transfer members 50 are sequentially arranged, and the intermediate transfer members 50 are circulated and driven in the direction of the arrows in the drawing to sequentially transfer the four color toner images formed on the photosensitive drums 52a to 52d of the developing units 54a to 54d. As a result, a color toner image is formed on the intermediate transfer member 50, and the toner image is transferred onto a recording medium 53 such as paper to perform printout. Here, in any of the above-described apparatuses, the arrangement order of the toners used for development is not particularly limited, and can be arbitrarily selected.

  In the figure, reference numeral 55 denotes a drive roller or tension roller for circulatingly driving the intermediate transfer member 50, reference numeral 56 denotes a secondary transfer roller, reference numeral 57 denotes a recording medium feeding device, and reference numeral 58 denotes a recording medium. 1 shows a fixing device for fixing an image by heating or the like.

  Conventionally, various types of conductive endless belts used as the endless belt-like transfer / conveyor belt 10 and the intermediate transfer members 20 and 50 are known. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses an intermediate transfer belt in which a material includes a polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) resin. Patent Document 2 discloses a polyphenylene sulfide, an epoxy group-containing olefin copolymer, and a vinyl-based (co). An intermediate transfer belt comprising a graft copolymer comprising a polymer, a conductive filler, and a lubricant is disclosed.

  As a method for producing a seamless belt using a resin material, an inflation method, a deflation method, a centrifugal casting method, and the like are known. Among these, the deflation method is to melt and extrude the resin composition into a cylindrical shape, and then contact the outside of the mandrel to cool and shrink to obtain a seamless belt having a final shape. Polyimide (PI) Compared to the centrifugal casting method applied to the belt using the above, there is an advantage that the productivity is good.

JP 2005-316231 A (Claims etc.) JP 2004-94095 A (Claims etc.)

  In the conductive endless belts used as the various transfer belts described above, it is desired that the surface resistivity is less dependent on the transfer voltage from the viewpoint of controlling the transferability of the belt. On the other hand, the surface resistivity ρS (Ω / □) associated with the volume resistivity ρV (Ω · cm) appropriate for belt transfer is determined by the formulation. Therefore, when it is desired to maintain the surface resistivity at a relatively high value, that is, when the difference between the volume resistivity and the surface resistivity (ρV−ρS) is desired to be reduced, this resistance balance is improved by improving the process such as molding conditions. Control was difficult, especially in the case of extrusion.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a conductive endless belt excellent in transferability by eliminating the above-mentioned problems and reducing the voltage dependency of the surface resistivity while maintaining the surface resistivity at a high value. There is.

  As a result of intensive studies, the present inventors have found that the above problem can be solved by adding a furnace carbon black as a conductive material to the sulfur-containing thermoplastic resin as the base resin of the belt. The present invention has been completed.

That is, according to the present invention, in the endless belt-like conductive endless belt used in the image forming apparatus, the belt main body contains 20 to 40 parts by mass of furnace carbon black with respect to 100 parts by mass of the sulfur-containing thermoplastic resin. The sulfur-containing thermoplastic resin is one or both of polyphenylene sulfide and polysulfone, and the furnace carbon black has a specific surface area of 10 to 50 m ² / g. It is.

In the present invention, the furnace carbon black, it is preferable DBP oil absorption is 80~200cm ³ / 100g.

  According to the present invention, the above configuration realizes a conductive endless belt with excellent transferability by reducing the voltage dependency of the surface resistivity while maintaining the surface resistivity at a high value. Became possible.

It is width direction sectional drawing of the electroconductive endless belt which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a tandem image forming apparatus using a transfer conveyance belt as an example of an image forming apparatus. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating an intermediate transfer device using an intermediate transfer member as another example of an image forming apparatus. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating another intermediate transfer apparatus using an intermediate transfer member as still another example of the image forming apparatus.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
Generally, there are conductive endless belts with joints and belts without joints (so-called seamless belts), but any of them may be used in the present invention, and a seamless belt is preferable. As described above, the conductive endless belt of the present invention can be used as a transfer member for a tandem system or an intermediate transfer system.

  When the conductive endless belt of the present invention is, for example, a transfer conveyance belt indicated by reference numeral 10 in FIG. 2, the toner is sequentially transferred onto a recording medium that is driven by a driving member such as a driving roller 9 and the like. As a result, a color image is formed.

  Further, when the conductive endless belt of the present invention is an intermediate transfer member indicated by reference numeral 20 in FIG. 3, for example, this is circulated by a driving member such as a driving roller 30 and a photosensitive drum (latent image holding member). 11 and the recording medium 26 such as paper, the toner image formed on the surface of the photosensitive drum 11 is temporarily transferred and held, and then transferred to the recording medium 26. Note that the apparatus of FIG. 3 performs color printing by the intermediate transfer method as described above.

  Furthermore, when the conductive endless belt of the present invention is, for example, an intermediate transfer member denoted by reference numeral 50 in FIG. 4, the space between the developing units 54a to 54d including the photoconductive drums 52a to 52d and the recording medium 53 such as paper. The four-color toner images formed on the surfaces of the photosensitive drums 52 a to 52 d are temporarily transferred and held, and then transferred to the recording medium 53. By transferring, a color image is formed. In the above description, the case of four colors of toner has been described. Needless to say, in any apparatus, the number of colors of toner is not limited to four.

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view in the width direction of a conductive endless belt according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the conductive endless belt of the present invention is an endless belt-like belt used in an image forming apparatus. In the belt of the present invention, it is important that the belt main body contains 20 to 40 parts by mass of furnace carbon black as a conductive material with respect to 100 parts by mass of the sulfur-containing thermoplastic resin as a base resin of the belt. It is. Typical examples of the sulfur-containing thermoplastic resin include polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) and polysulfone (PSF), but these resins are general-purpose carbon blacks that have excellent dispersibility and can provide desired conductivity with a small amount of addition. When some acetylene black was added, the above-described problems of voltage dependency and resistance balance were remarkably generated. On the other hand, as a result of investigations, the present inventors have added furnace carbon black instead of general-purpose acetylene black as a conductive material to such a sulfur-containing thermoplastic resin in the above relatively large amount range. In addition, it is possible to construct a system that can easily control transferability by reducing the voltage dependency of the surface resistivity and improving the resistance balance to reduce the value of (ρV−ρS). It has been found that a good belt can be obtained.

  As the sulfur-containing thermoplastic resin used in the present invention, one of PPS, PSF, polyether sulfone and the like can be used alone or in admixture of two or more, but it is limited to these. It is not a thing. Preferably, PPS or PSF is used.

  The furnace carbon black used in the present invention is a carbon black obtained by an oil furnace method, and has a large structure with a large particle size (small specific surface area) and a high degree of aggregation compared to acetylene black. It has the feature that is. When the amount of the furnace carbon black is less than 20 parts by mass, the resistance becomes high and a desired resistance ratio cannot be obtained, and when it is more than 40 parts by mass, the resistance becomes low. In any case, the desired effect of the present invention is obtained. I can't. The amount of furnace carbon black is preferably 22 to 38 parts by mass.

Further, as such a furnace carbon black having a specific surface area of 10 to 70 m ² / g, in particular a 15~65m ² / g, and, DBP oil absorption is 80~200cm ³ / 100g, particularly 100～190Cm ³ One that is / 100 g is preferred. If the specific surface area is too small, the amount of the required furnace carbon black is too large, and if it is too large, the dispersibility deteriorates. Further, if the DBP oil supply amount is too small, the necessary amount of furnace carbon black becomes too large, and if it is too large, the percolation curve becomes steep, which is not preferable.

The belt body of the belt of the present invention is adjusted in the range of 10 ⁶ to 10 ¹⁵ Ω · cm and the surface resistivity in the range of 10 ⁶ to 10 ¹⁵ Ω / □ by using the above composition. can do. In the present invention, the conductivity of the belt body is adjusted by substantially adding only such furnace carbon black as the conductive material.

  Further, although not shown, in the belt of the present invention, it is preferable to provide a surface layer on the outer side of the belt body, thereby improving toner transferability during durability and providing toner cleaning properties by blade cleaning. An effect can be obtained. The binder resin for the surface layer is not particularly limited, but an ultraviolet curable resin (UV curable resin) can be suitably used from the viewpoint of productivity and the like.

  The ultraviolet curable resin used in the present invention refers to a resin that is cured by irradiation with ultraviolet rays (UV) having a wavelength of about 200 to 400 nm, and usually comprises a prepolymer, a monomer, an ultraviolet polymerization initiator, and an additive. Specifically, for example, polyester resin, polyether resin, fluororesin, epoxy resin, amino resin, polyamide resin, acrylic resin, acrylic urethane resin, urethane resin, alkyd resin, phenol resin, melamine resin, urea resin, silicone resin , Polyvinyl butyral resin, and the like. These can be used alone or in combination.

  In addition, modified resins in which specific functional groups are introduced into these resins can be used, and in particular, those having a crosslinked structure are preferably introduced in order to improve the mechanical strength and environmental resistance characteristics of the surface layer. .

  Among the above ultraviolet curable resins, in particular, those using polyfunctional acrylate monomers having two or more (meth) acryloyl groups such as dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate, and (meth) acrylate series containing (meth) acrylate oligomers An ultraviolet curable resin is preferred.

  Examples of such (meth) acrylate oligomers include urethane (meth) acrylate oligomers, epoxy (meth) acrylate oligomers, ether (meth) acrylate oligomers, ester (meth) acrylate oligomers, and polycarbonate (meth). Examples include acrylate oligomers, and fluorine-based and silicone-based (meth) acrylic oligomers.

  The (meth) acrylate oligomer is composed of a compound such as polyethylene glycol, polyoxypropylene glycol, polytetramethylene ether glycol, bisphenol A type epoxy resin, phenol novolac type epoxy resin, adduct of polyhydric alcohol and ε-caprolactone, It can be synthesized by reaction with (meth) acrylic acid or by urethanizing a polyisocyanate compound and a (meth) acrylate compound having a hydroxyl group.

  The urethane-based (meth) acrylate oligomer can be obtained by urethanizing a polyol, an isocyanate compound and a (meth) acrylate compound having a hydroxyl group.

  Examples of the epoxy-based (meth) acrylate oligomer may be any reaction product of a compound having a glycidyl group and (meth) acrylic acid, but among them, a benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, a spiro ring, a dicyclo ring. A reaction product of a compound having a cyclic structure such as pentadiene or tricyclodecane and having a glycidyl group and (meth) acrylic acid is preferred.

  Furthermore, ether-based (meth) acrylate oligomers, ester-based (meth) acrylate oligomers, and polycarbonate-based (meth) acrylate oligomers correspond to polyols (polyether polyol, polyester polyol, and polycarbonate polyol) and (meth) acrylic acid, respectively. It can obtain by reaction of.

  The ultraviolet curable resin contains a reactive diluent having a polymerizable double bond for viscosity adjustment, as desired. As such a reactive diluent, for example, a monofunctional, bifunctional or polyfunctional polymerizable compound having a structure in which (meth) acrylic acid is bonded to a compound containing an amino acid or a hydroxyl group by an esterification reaction or an amidation reaction Etc. can be used. These diluents are usually preferably used in an amount of 10 to 200 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the (meth) acrylate oligomer.

  Further, the ultraviolet curable resin contains an ultraviolet polymerization initiator for accelerating the initiation of the curing reaction by irradiation with ultraviolet rays. The ultraviolet polymerization initiator is not particularly limited, and known ones can be used, but in particular, the irradiated ultraviolet rays do not reach the inside of the surface layer, and the ultraviolet polymerization initiator functions sufficiently. If there is a possibility that the curing reaction will not proceed without being carried out, it is preferable to use an ultraviolet polymerization initiator sensitive to long-wavelength ultraviolet rays that easily penetrate into the surface layer.

  Specifically, an ultraviolet polymerization initiator having a maximum wavelength in the ultraviolet absorption wavelength band of 400 nm or more is preferably used. As such an ultraviolet polymerization initiator having an absorption band at a long wavelength, α-aminoacetophenone, acylphosphine oxide, thioxanthonenoamine and the like can be used. More specific examples of these include bis (2 , 4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) -phenylphosphine oxide or 2-methyl-1- [4- (methylthio) phenyl] -2-morpholinopropan-1-one.

  In this case, as the ultraviolet polymerization initiator, in addition to the above, it is preferable to further contain an ultraviolet polymerization initiator having a maximum wavelength in the ultraviolet absorption wavelength band of less than 400 nm. When used, the curing reaction can proceed well not only inside the surface layer but also near the surface of the surface layer.

  Examples of the ultraviolet polymerization initiator having an absorption band at such a short wavelength include 2,2-dimethoxy 1,2 diphenylethane-1-one, 1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl-phenyl ketone, 2-hydroxy 2-methyl-1- Phenylpropan-1-one, 1- [4- (2hydroxyethoxy) phenyl] 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-propan-1-one, 2-methyl-1- [4-phenyl] -2-morpho And linopropan-1-one.

  As a compounding quantity of this ultraviolet-ray polymerization initiator, it is preferable to set it as 0.1-10 mass parts per 100 mass parts of (meth) acrylate oligomers, for example.

  In addition to the above components, the surface layer, if necessary, tertiary amines such as triethylamine and triethanolamine, and alkylphosphine photopolymerization such as triphenylphosphine in order to promote the polymerization reaction with the above-described ultraviolet polymerization initiator. An accelerator, a thioether photopolymerization accelerator such as p-thiodiglycol, and the like may be added to the ultraviolet curable resin. When these compounds are added, the addition amount is usually preferably in the range of 0.01 to 10 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the (meth) acrylate oligomer.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the ultraviolet ray curable resin constituting the surface layer contains either one or both of fluorine and silicon, whereby the surface energy of the surface layer can be reduced, and as a result, In addition to reducing the frictional resistance of the belt surface, toner releasability can also be improved, wear during long-term use can be reduced, and durability can be improved.

  As a raw material of the ultraviolet curable resin containing fluorine, it is preferable to contain a fluorine-containing compound having a polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, and only from such a fluorine-containing compound having a polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond. Or a composition comprising a blend of a fluorine-containing compound having a polymerizable double bond between carbon atoms and another compound having a polymerizable double bond between carbon atoms. Also good.

  As the fluorine-containing compound having a polymerizable double bond between carbon atoms, fluoroolefins and fluoro (meth) acrylates are suitable.

As fluoroolefins, those having 2 to 12 carbon atoms in which 1 to all hydrogen atoms are substituted with fluorine are preferable. Specifically, hexafluoropropene [CF ₃ CF═CF ₂ , fluorine content 76 % By mass], (perfluorobutyl) ethylene [F (CF ₂ ) ₄ CH═CH ₂ , fluorine content 69% by mass], (perfluorohexyl) ethylene [F (CF ₂ ) ₆ CH═CH ₂ , containing fluorine 71 mass%], (perfluorooctyl) ethylene [F (CF ₂ ) ₈ CH═CH ₂ , fluorine content 72 mass%], (perfluorodecyl) ethylene [F (CF ₂ ) ₁₀ CH═CH ₂ , fluorine content 73% by weight], chlorotrifluoroethylene _[CF 2 = CFCl, fluorine content 49 wt%, 1-methoxy - (perfluoro-2 Chill-1-propene _{[(CF 3) 2 C =} CFOCH 3, fluorine content 63 wt%, 1,4-vinyl octafluorobutane _{[(CF 2) 4 (CH} = CH 2) 2, fluorine content 60 Mass%], 1,6-divinyldodecafluorohexane [(CF ₂ ) ₆ (CH═CH ₂ ) ₂ , fluorine content 64 mass%], 1,8-divinylhexadecafluorooctane [(CF ₂ ) ₈ ( CH = CH ₂ ) ₂ , fluorine content 67% by mass].

As the fluoro (meth) acrylate, a fluoroalkyl (meth) acrylate having 5 to 16 carbon atoms in which 1 to all hydrogen atoms are substituted with fluorine is preferable. Fluoroethyl acrylate (CF ₃ CH ₂ OCOCH═CH ₂ , fluorine content 34 mass%), 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropyl acrylate (CF ₃ CF ₂ CH ₂ OCOCH═CH ₂ , fluorine content 44 _{wt%), F (CF 2)} 4 CH 2 CH 2 OCOCH = CH 2 ( fluorine content 51 wt%), 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl acrylate _{[CF 3 CH 2 OCOCH = CH} 2, fluorine-containing rate 37 wt%], 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoro-propyl acrylate _{[CF 3} CF ₂ CH ₂ OCOCH CH _2, fluorine content 47 wt%], 2- (perfluorobutyl) ethyl acrylate _{[F (CF 2) 4 CH} 2 CH 2 OCOCH = CH 2, fluorine content 54 wt%], 3- (perfluorobutyl ) -2-hydroxypropyl acrylate [F (CF ₂ ) ₄ CH ₂ CH (OH) CH ₂ OCOCH═CH ₂ , fluorine content 49% by mass], 2- (perfluorohexyl) ethyl acrylate [F (CF ₂ ) ₆ CH ₂ CH ₂ OCOCH═CH ₂ , fluorine content 59 mass%], 3- (perfluorohexyl) -2-hydroxypropyl acrylate [F (CF ₂ ) ₆ CH ₂ CH (OH) CH ₂ OCOCH═CH ₂ , fluorine content 55 wt%], 2- (perfluorooctyl) ethyl acrylate _{[F (CF 2)} 8 C ₂ CH ₂ OCOCH = CH _2, fluorine content 62 wt%], 3- (perfluorooctyl) -2-hydroxypropyl acrylate _{[F (CF 2) 8 CH} 2 CH (OH) CH 2 OCOCH = CH 2, fluorine Content 59 mass%], 2- (perfluorodecyl) ethyl acrylate [F (CF ₂ ) ₁₀ CH ₂ CH ₂ OCOCH═CH ₂ , fluorine content 65 mass%], 2- (perfluoro-3-methylbutyl) Ethyl acrylate [(CF ₃ ) ₂ CF (CF ₂ ) ₂ CH ₂ CH ₂ OCOCH═CH ₂ , fluorine content 57 mass%], 3- (perfluoro-3-methylbutyl) -2-hydroxypropyl acrylate [(CF _{3) 2 CF (CF 2)} 2 CH 2 CH (OH) CH 2 OCOCH = CH 2, the fluorine content 2 mass%], 2- (perfluoro-5-methylhexyl) ethyl acrylate _{[(CF 3) 2 CF (} CF 2) 4 CH 2 CH 2 OCOCH = CH 2, fluorine content 61 wt%], 3- ( Perfluoro-5-methylhexyl) -2-hydroxypropyl acrylate [(CF ₃ ) ₂ CF (CF ₂ ) ₄ CH ₂ CH (OH) CH ₂ OCOCH═CH ₂ , fluorine content 57 mass%], 2- ( perfluoro-7-methyl-octyl) ethyl acrylate _{[(CF 3) 2 CF (} CF 2) 6 CH 2 CH 2 OCOCH = CH 2, fluorine content 64 wt], 3- (perfluoro-7-methyl-octyl) - 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate _{[(CF 3) 2 CF (} CF 2) 6 CH 2 CH (OH) CH 2 OCOCH = CH 2, Tsu-containing of 60 wt%], 1H, 1H, 3H- tetrafluoropropyl acrylate _{[H (CF 2) 2 CH} 2 OCOCH = CH 2, fluorine content 41 wt%], 1H, 1H, 5H- octafluoropentyl Acrylate [H (CF ₂ ) ₄ CH ₂ OCOCH═CH ₂ , fluorine content 53 mass%], 1H, 1H, 7H-dodecafluoroheptyl acrylate [H (CF ₂ ) ₆ CH ₂ OCOC (CH ₃ ) = CH ₂ , Fluorine content 59 mass%], 1H, 1H, 9H-hexadecafluorononyl acrylate [H (CF ₂ ) ₈ CH ₂ OCOCH═CH ₂ , fluorine content 63 mass%], 1H-1- (trifluoromethyl ) trifluoroethyl acrylate _{[(CF 3) 2 CHOCOCH =} CH 2, fluorine content 51 wt% IH, IH, 3H-hexafluorobutyl acrylate _{[CF 3 CHFCF 2 CH 2 OCOCH} = CH 2, fluorine content 48 wt%, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate _{[CF 3 CH 2 OCOC (CH} 3) = CH _2, fluorine content 34 wt%], 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoro-propyl methacrylate _{[CF 3 CF 2 CH 2 OCOC} (CH 3) = CH 2, fluorine content 44 wt%, 2- (perfluorobutyl) ethyl methacrylate [F (CF ₂ ) ₄ CH ₂ CH ₂ OCOC (CH ₃ ) = CH ₂ , fluorine content 51 mass%], 3- (perfluorobutyl) -2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate _{[F (CF 2) 4 CH} 2 CH (OH) CH 2 OCOC (CH 3) = CH 2, fluorine-containing 47% by mass], 2- (perfluorohexyl) ethyl methacrylate [F (CF ₂ ) ₆ CH ₂ CH ₂ OCOC (CH ₃ ) = CH ₂ , fluorine content 57% by mass], 3- (perfluorohexyl ) -2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate [F (CF ₂ ) ₆ CH ₂ CH (OH) CH ₂ OCOC (CH ₃ ) = CH ₂ , fluorine content 53 mass%], 2- (perfluorooctyl) ethyl methacrylate [F (CF ₂ ) ₈ CH ₂ CH ₂ OCOC (CH ₃ ) = CH ₂ , fluorine content 61 mass%], 3-perfluorooctyl-2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate [F (CF ₂ ) ₈ CH ₂ CH (OH) _{CH 2 OCOC (CH 3) =} CH 2, fluorine content 57 wt%], 2- (perfluoro decyl) ethyl methacrylate Over preparative _{[F (CF 2) 10 CH} 2 CH 2 OCOC (CH 3) = CH 2, fluorine content 63 wt%], 2- (perfluoro-3-methylbutyl) ethyl methacrylate _{[(CF 3)} 2 CF ( _{CF 2) 2 CH 2 CH 2} OCOC (CH 3) = CH 2, fluorine content 55 wt%], 3- (perfluoro-3-methylbutyl) -2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate _{[(CF 3) 2 CF (} CF _{2) 2 CH 2 CH (OH} ) CH 2 OCOC (CH 3) = CH 2, fluorine content 51 wt%], 2- (perfluoro-5-methylhexyl) ethyl methacrylate _{[(CF 3) 2 CF (} CF _{2) 4 CH 2 CH 2 OCOC} (CH 3) = CH 2, fluorine content 59 wt%], 3- (perfluoro-5-methylhexyl) - - hydroxypropyl methacrylate _{[(CF 3) 2 CF (} CF 2) 4 CH 2 CH (OH) CH 2 OCOC (CH 3) = CH 2, fluorine content 56 wt%], 2- (perfluoro-7-methyl Octyl) ethyl methacrylate [(CF ₃ ) ₂ CF (CF ₂ ) ₆ CH ₂ CH ₂ OCOC (CH ₃ ) = CH ₂ , fluorine content 62 mass%], 3- (perfluoro-7-methyloctyl) -2 - hydroxypropyl methacrylate _{[(CF 3) 2 CF (} CF 2) 6 CH 2 CH (OH) CH 2 OCOC (CH 3) = CH 2, fluorine content 59 wt%], 1H, 1H, 3H- tetrafluoropropyl methacrylate _{[H (CF 2) 2 CH} 2 OCOC (CH 3) = CH 2, fluorine content 51 wt%], 1H, 1H, H- octafluoro pentyl methacrylate _{[H (CF 2) 4 CH} 2 OCOC (CH 3) = CH 2, fluorine content 51 wt%], 1H, 1H, 7H- dodecafluoroheptyl methacrylate _{[H (CF 2)} 6 CH _{2 OCOC (CH 3) = CH} 2, fluorine content 57 wt%], 1H, 1H, 9H- hexadecafluoro nonyl methacrylate _{[H (CF 2) 8 CH} 2 OCOC (CH 3) = CH 2, the fluorine content 61 mass%], 1H-1- (trifluoromethyl) trifluoroethyl methacrylate [(CF ₃ ) ₂ CHOCOC (CH ₃ ) = CH ₂ , fluorine content 48 mass%], 1H, 1H, 3H-hexafluorobutyl Methacrylate [CF ₃ CHFCF ₂ CH ₂ OCOC (CH ₃ ) = CH ₂ , fluorine content 4 6% by mass] and the like.

  The fluorine-containing compound having a polymerizable double bond between carbon atoms is preferably a monomer, an oligomer, or a mixture of a monomer and an oligomer. As an oligomer, a 2-20 mer is preferable.

  The compound having another polymerizable double bond between carbon atoms that may be blended with the fluorine-containing compound having a double bond between carbon atoms is not particularly limited. ) Acrylate monomers or oligomers or mixtures of monomers and oligomers are preferred.

  Examples of the (meth) acrylate monomer or oligomer include urethane (meth) acrylate, epoxy (meth) acrylate, ether (meth) acrylate, ester (meth) acrylate, polycarbonate (meth) acrylate, and the like. Or an oligomer, the monomer of a silicone type (meth) acryl, an oligomer, etc. can be mentioned.

  The (meth) acrylate oligomer is composed of a compound such as polyethylene glycol, polyoxypropylene glycol, polytetramethylene ether glycol, bisphenol A type epoxy resin, phenol novolac type epoxy resin, adduct of polyhydric alcohol and ε-caprolactone, It can be synthesized by reaction with (meth) acrylic acid or by urethanizing a polyisocyanate compound and a (meth) acrylate compound having a hydroxyl group.

  A urethane type (meth) acrylate oligomer is obtained by urethanizing a polyol, an isocyanate compound, and a (meth) acrylate compound having a hydroxyl group.

  Examples of the epoxy-based (meth) acrylate oligomer may be any reaction product of a compound having a glycidyl group and (meth) acrylic acid, but among them, a benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, a spiro ring, a dicyclo ring. A reaction product of a compound having a cyclic structure such as pentadiene or tricyclodecane and having a glycidyl group and (meth) acrylic acid is preferred.

  Furthermore, ether-based (meth) acrylate oligomers, ester-based (meth) acrylate oligomers, and polycarbonate-based (meth) acrylate oligomers correspond to polyols (polyether polyol, polyester polyol, and polycarbonate polyol) and (meth) acrylic acid, respectively. It can obtain by reaction of.

  The raw material for forming the ultraviolet curable resin containing silicon preferably contains a silicon-containing compound having a polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, and silicon having such a polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond. It may be composed of only a compound containing a compound, and also comprises a composition obtained by blending a silicon-containing compound having a polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond and another type of compound having a polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond. It may be a thing.

  As the silicon-containing compound having a polymerizable double bond between carbon atoms, both-end-reactive silicone oils, one-end-reactive silicone oils, and (meth) acryloxyalkylsilanes are suitable. As the reactive silicone oil, those having a (meth) acryl group introduced at the terminal are preferable.

で示される官能基を有する）である。 Specific examples of the silicon-containing compound suitably used in the present invention are shown below.
Both end-reactive silicone oils (Scheme 1 shown below) manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.

It has a functional group represented by

（上記式（２）中、Ｒ^１はメチル基またはブチル基であり、Ｒ^２は前記式（１）で示される官能基である）で示される構造を有する）である。 Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. single-end reactive silicone oil (shown by the following formula (2), shown in Table 2 below)

(In the formula (2), R ¹ is a methyl group or a butyl group, and R ² is a functional group represented by the formula (1)).

で示される構造を有する）である。 Toray Dow Corning Silicone Co., Ltd., both-end methacrylate-modified silicone oil (shown by the following formula (3), shown in Table 3 below)

It has a structure shown in FIG.

で示される構造を有する）である。 Toray Dow Corning Silicone Co., Ltd., one-end methacrylate-modified silicone oil (the following formula (4), shown in Table 4 below)

It has a structure shown in FIG.

でそれぞれ示される構造を有する）である。 (Meth) acryloxyalkylsilanes manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. shown in Table 5 below (in order, the following formulas (5) to (11),

And each has a structure shown in FIG.

  These silicon-containing compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more, or may be used in combination with other compounds having no carbon-containing double bond.

  These silicon-containing compounds having a polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond and other compounds having no carbon-containing carbon-carbon double bond are preferably used as a monomer, an oligomer, or a mixture of a monomer and an oligomer.

  The other compound having a polymerizable double bond between carbon atoms that may be blended with the silicon-containing compound having a polymerizable double bond between carbon atoms is not particularly limited. ) Acrylate monomers or oligomers or mixtures of monomers and oligomers are preferred. As an oligomer, a 2-20 mer is preferable.

  Examples of the (meth) acrylate monomer or oligomer include urethane (meth) acrylate, epoxy (meth) acrylate, ether (meth) acrylate, ester (meth) acrylate, polycarbonate (meth) acrylate, and the like. And fluorine-based (meth) acrylic monomers or oligomers.

  The (meth) acrylate oligomer is composed of a compound such as polyethylene glycol, polyoxypropylene glycol, polytetramethylene ether glycol, bisphenol A type epoxy resin, phenol novolac type epoxy resin, adduct of polyhydric alcohol and ε-caprolactone, It can be synthesized by reaction with (meth) acrylic acid or by urethanizing a polyisocyanate compound and a (meth) acrylate compound having a hydroxyl group.

  The urethane-based (meth) acrylate oligomer can be obtained by urethanizing a polyol, an isocyanate compound and a (meth) acrylate compound having a hydroxyl group.

  Examples of the epoxy-based (meth) acrylate oligomer may be any reaction product of a compound having a glycidyl group and (meth) acrylic acid. Among them, a benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, a spiro ring, a dicyclopentadiene, A reaction product of a compound having a cyclic structure such as tricyclodecane and having a glycidyl group and (meth) acrylic acid is preferred.

  Furthermore, ether-based (meth) acrylate oligomers, ester-based (meth) acrylate oligomers, and polycarbonate-based (meth) acrylate oligomers correspond to polyols (polyether polyol, polyester polyol, and polycarbonate polyol) and (meth) acrylic acid, respectively. It can obtain by reaction of.

  In order to adjust conductivity, a conductive material can be appropriately blended in the surface layer. Such a conductive material is not particularly limited, and a known electronic conductive agent, ionic conductive agent, or the like can be appropriately used. Of these, specific examples of the electronic conductive agent include conductive carbon such as ketjen black and acetylene black, carbon for rubber such as SAF, ISAF, HAF, FEF, GPF, SRF, FT, and MT, oxidation treatment, and the like. Carbon for color (ink), pyrolytic carbon, natural graphite, artificial graphite, antimony-doped tin oxide, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, nickel, copper, silver, germanium and other metal and metal oxides, polyaniline, polypyrrole Conductive polymers such as polyacetylene, carbon whiskers, graphite whiskers, titanium carbide whiskers, conductive potassium titanate whiskers, conductive barium titanate whiskers, conductive titanium oxide whiskers, conductive zinc oxide whiskers, etc. Can be mentioned. Specific examples of the ion conductive agent include perchlorates such as tetraethylammonium, tetrabutylammonium, dodecyltrimethylammonium, hexadecyltrimethylammonium, benzyltrimethylammonium, modified fatty acid dimethylethylammonium, chlorate, Ammonium salts such as hydrochloride, bromate, iodate, borofluoride, sulfate, ethyl sulfate, carboxylate and sulfonate, alkali metals such as lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium And alkaline earth metal perchlorates, chlorates, hydrochlorides, bromates, iodates, borofluorides, sulfates, trifluoromethyl sulfates, sulfonates, and the like.

  Examples of the polymeric ion conductive agent are described in JP-A-9-227717, JP-A-10-120924, JP-A-2000-327922, JP-A-2005-60658, and the like. Although what can be used can be used, it is not specifically limited.

Specifically, mention may be made of a mixture comprising (A) an organic polymer material, (B) an ionically conductive polymer or copolymer, and (C) an inorganic or low molecular weight organic salt, wherein component (A) ) Is a polyacrylic acid ester, polymethacrylic acid ester, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, polyamide 6, polyamide 12, etc., polyurethane or polyester, and component (B) is an oligoethoxylated acrylate or methacrylate, Styrene, polyether urethane, polyether urea, polyether amide, polyether ester amide or polyester-ether block copolymer oligoethoxylated for the aromatic ring, and component (C) is inorganic or low An alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, zinc or ammonium salt in an amount organic protonic acids, _{preferably, LiClO 4, LiCF 3 SO 3} , NaClO 4, LiBF 4, NaBF 4, KBF 4, NaCF 3 SO 3, KClO 4 , KPF ₆ , KCF ₃ SO ₃ , KC ₄ F ₉ SO ₃ , Ca (ClO ₄ ) ₂ , Ca (PF ₆ ) ₂ , Mg (ClO ₄ ) ₂ , Mg (CF ₃ SO ₃ ) ₂ , Zn (ClO ₄ ) ₂ , Zn (PF ₆ ) ₂ or Ca (CF ₃ SO ₃ ) ₂ .

Among these, as the component (B), a polymer ionic conductive agent containing a polyether amide component, a polyether ester amide component or a polyester-ether block copolymer component is suitable, and in addition to this, the component (C) It is preferable to contain a low molecular ion conductive agent component. Further, as the polyether amide component and the polyether ester amide component, those in which the polyether component contains (CH ₂ —CH ₂ —O) and the polyamide component contains polyamide 12 or polyamide 6 are particularly preferable. As the low molecular ion conductive agent component of component (C), a polymer ion conductive agent containing NaClO ₄ is particularly suitable. Such a polymeric ionic conductive agent is readily available on the market as, for example, Irgastat (registered trademark) P18 and Irgastat (registered trademark) P22 (both manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals, Inc.).

  A block copolymer in which a polyolefin block and a hydrophilic polymer block are repeatedly and alternately bonded through an ester bond, an amide bond, an ether bond, a urethane bond, an imide bond, etc. It can be suitably used as a molecular ion conductive agent. Examples of such polyolefins include polyolefins having functional groups such as a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, and an amino group at both ends of the polymer, and polypropylene and polyethylene are particularly preferable.

  Further, as the hydrophilic polymer, a polyether diol such as polyoxyalkylene having a hydroxyl group as a functional group, a polyether ester amide composed of a polyamide having both terminal carboxyl groups and a polyether diol, a polyamide imide and a polyether diol Polyetheramide imide composed of polyester, polyether ester composed of polyester and polyether diol, polyether amide composed of polyamide and polyether diamine, etc. can be used. preferable. For example, polyoxyethylene (polyethylene glycol) and polyoxypropylene (polypropylene glycol) having hydroxyl groups at both terminals are used.

Such a block copolymer that can be used as a polymer ion conductive agent in the present invention is readily available on the market as Pelestat 230, 300, 303 (manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Co., Ltd.). In addition, by incorporating the lithium compound LiCF ₃ SO ₃ into the block copolymer, the effect of maintaining the antistatic effect can be obtained even if the addition amount is reduced, and the mixture of the block copolymer and the lithium compound is obtained. Sanconol TBX-310 (manufactured by Sanko Chemical Co., Ltd.) is commercially available.

  In the case where a polymer ion conductive agent is used as the conductive material, a compatibilizing agent may be added in order to enhance the compatibility between the base resin and the polymer ion conductive agent.

  These conductive materials may be used singly or in appropriate combination of two or more. For example, an electronic conductive agent and an ionic conductive agent may be used in combination. Therefore, the conductivity can be stably expressed even with respect to fluctuations in voltage and environmental changes.

  The compounding amount of the conductive material in the surface layer of the belt is usually 100 parts by mass or less, for example 1 to 100 parts by mass, particularly 1 to 80 parts by mass, especially 5 to 5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin component. 50 parts by mass. Moreover, about an ion conductive agent, it is 0.01-10 mass parts normally with respect to 100 mass parts of resin components, Especially it is the range of 0.05-5 mass parts. Furthermore, about a polymeric ion electrically conductive agent, it is 1-500 mass parts normally with respect to 100 mass parts of resin components, Preferably it is 10-400 mass parts. In the present invention, it is particularly preferable to use carbon black as the conductive material and add it at 5 to 30 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin component.

  Further, each layer of the belt of the present invention includes various fillers, coupling agents, antioxidants, lubricants, surface treatment agents, pigments, ultraviolet absorptions, as long as the functional effects of the present invention are not impaired. An agent, an antistatic agent, a dispersing agent, a neutralizing agent, a foaming agent, a crosslinking agent and the like can be appropriately blended. Furthermore, you may color by adding a coloring agent.

  The total thickness of the belt of the present invention is appropriately selected according to the form of the transfer / conveying belt or the intermediate transfer member, but is preferably in the range of 50 to 200 μm. Further, the thickness of the surface layer in the case of providing the surface layer is not particularly limited, but is usually 1 to 12 μm, particularly 1 to 10 μm, and particularly preferably about 2 to 3 μm. The surface roughness is preferably 10 μm or less, particularly 6 μm or less, more preferably 3 μm or less in terms of JIS 10-point average roughness Rz.

  Further, the conductive endless belt of the present invention has a surface on the side in contact with a driving member such as the driving roller 9 or the driving roller 30 of FIG. 3 in the image forming apparatus of FIG. 2, as shown by a one-dot chain line in FIG. A fitting portion that fits with a fitting portion (not shown) formed on the drive member may be formed, and the conductive endless belt of the present invention is provided with such a fitting portion and drives this. Shifting in the width direction of the conductive endless belt can be prevented by running with a fitting portion (not shown) provided on the member.

  In this case, the fitting portion is not particularly limited, but, as shown in FIG. 1, it is formed as a ridge continuous along the circumferential direction (rotation direction) of the belt, and this is a driving member such as a driving roller. It is preferable to be fitted in a groove formed in the circumferential surface along the circumferential direction.

  In addition, although the example which provided one continuous protruding item | line as a fitting part was shown in Fig.1 (a), this fitting part has many convex parts along the circumferential direction (rotation direction) of a belt. They may be arranged in a row, or two or more fitting portions may be provided (FIG. 1 (b)), or may be provided at the center in the width direction of the belt. Further, a groove along the circumferential direction (rotating direction) of the belt is provided as a fitting portion instead of the convex strip shown in FIG. 1, and this is formed along the circumferential direction on the circumferential surface of the driving member such as the driving roller. You may make it fit with the protruding item | line (not shown).

  The belt main body of the conductive endless belt of the present invention can be suitably produced by extrusion molding of a resin composition containing a sulfur-containing thermoplastic resin, furnace carbon black and other functional components. Specifically, for example, a biaxial kneader is used to knead a resin composition comprising a sulfur-containing thermoplastic resin and furnace carbon black, and the resulting kneaded product is extruded using an annular die. A belt body of the inventive belt can be obtained. Alternatively, a powder coating method such as electrostatic coating, a dip method, or a centrifugal casting method can also be suitably employed.

  When the surface layer is provided on the outer side of the belt body, a method of applying a coating liquid containing the UV curable resin and a conductive material on the formed belt body and curing it by UV irradiation is preferably used. Can be used. This coating solution is preferably formed without a solvent, or a solvent having high volatility at room temperature may be used as a solvent. By using such a method, it is possible to save a large amount of equipment and space for drying as required in a method of drying and curing using heat or hot air, and the drying process. The surface layer can be formed with high accuracy by suppressing variations in film formation due to difficulty in control.

  As a method for applying the coating liquid, a dipping method in which the belt body is immersed in the coating liquid, a spray coating method, a roll coating method, or the like can be appropriately selected and used depending on the situation.

As a light source for irradiating with ultraviolet rays, any of commonly used mercury lamps, high-pressure mercury lamps, ultra-high pressure mercury lamps, metal halide lamps, xenon lamps and the like can be used. The conditions for ultraviolet irradiation may be appropriately selected according to the type and application amount of the ultraviolet curable resin, but an illuminance of 100 to 700 mW / cm ² and an integrated light amount of 200 to 3000 mJ / cm ² are appropriate.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples.
In accordance with the formulation shown in the following table, conductive endless belts of Examples and Comparative Examples were produced. Specifically, each compounding component of the belt shown in the following table is melt-kneaded with a biaxial kneader, and the obtained kneaded material is extruded using an annular die, whereby an inner diameter of 230 mm, a thickness of 120 μm, A conductive endless belt having a width of 245 mm was produced. The belts of the obtained examples and comparative examples were evaluated according to the following procedures. These results are also shown in the table below.

<Measurement of volume resistivity ρV>
Measurement is performed at a voltage of 10 V using a resistance chamber R12340A connected to an resistance meter R8340A manufactured by ADVANTEST as a measuring device at a temperature of 23 ° C. and a relative humidity of 50%, and 30 mm in the circumferential direction. The average value of the values measured at 20 points on the pitch was determined and used as the volume resistivity ρV (10 V) (Ω · cm). The results are shown in digits.

<Measurement of surface resistivity ρS>
Using a resistance meter Hiresta (probe UR-100) manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation as a measuring device at a temperature of 23 ° C. and a relative humidity of 50%, measurement was performed at a voltage of 10 V, an application time of 10 seconds, and a circumferential pitch of 30 mm. The surface resistivity ρS (10 V) was determined as the average value of the values measured at 20 points. Further, in order to evaluate the voltage dependency of the surface resistivity ρS, the surface resistivity ρS (100 V) and ρS (500 V) at voltages of 100 V and 5000 V were obtained in the same manner. The results are shown in digits. Note that the smaller the voltage dependency of the surface resistivity and the value of the resistance balance, the better.

<Evaluation of transferability>
The belts obtained in each of the examples and comparative examples are incorporated into a commercially available printer as a transfer belt, and 50K (50,000) images are printed in an environment of 15 ° C. and 10% RH, and durability is evaluated. did. Specifically, the presence / absence of occurrence of an abnormal image due to local resistance fluctuation such as leakage was confirmed.
These evaluation results are also shown in the following table.

＊１）ＰＰＳ：フォートロン０２２０Ｃ９，ポリプラスチックス（株）製
＊２）ＰＳＦ：Ｕｄｅｌ Ｐ１７００，ソルベイアドバンスドポリマーズ（株）製
＊３）カーボンブラックＡ：♯３０３０，三菱化学（株）製 ファーネスブラック（比表面積３２ｍ^２／ｇ，ＤＢＰ給油量１２７ｃｍ^３／１００ｇ）
＊４）カーボンブラックＢ：♯３０５０，三菱化学（株）製 ファーネスブラック（比表面積５０ｍ^２／ｇ，ＤＢＰ給油量１７５ｃｍ^３／１００ｇ）
＊５）カーボンブラックＣ：デンカブラック粒状，電気化学工業（株）製 アセチレンブラック

* 1) PPS: Fortron 0220C9, manufactured by Polyplastics Co., Ltd. * 2) PSF: Udel P1700, manufactured by Solvay Advanced Polymers Co., Ltd. * 3) Carbon Black A: # 3030, Furnace Black (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation) (Specific surface area 32m ² / g, DBP oil supply 127cm ³ / 100g)
* 4) Carbon black B: ♯3050, Mitsubishi Chemical Co., Ltd. furnace black (specific surface area of ^50m 2 / g, DBP oil absorption 175cm ³ / 100g)
* 5) Carbon black C: Denka black granular, acetylene black manufactured by Denki Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.

  As shown in the above table, in each of the belts of Examples obtained by blending furnace carbon black in a predetermined amount with respect to the sulfur-containing thermoplastic resin, the surface resistivity is maintained at a high value. As a result, it was confirmed that good transferability was obtained. On the other hand, in each comparative example using conventional acetylene black instead of furnace carbon black, the voltage dependency of the surface resistivity is large and the value of the surface resistivity itself is small, resulting in transfer. It can be seen that the property is insufficient.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 11, 52a-52d Photosensitive drum 2, 7 Charging roll 3 Developing roll 4 Developing blade 5 Toner supply roll 6 Cleaning blade 8 Static elimination roll 9, 30, 55 Driving roller (driving member)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Transfer conveyance belt 12 Primary charger 13 Image exposure 14, 35 Cleaning device 19 Paper feed cassette 20, 50 Intermediate transfer member 25 Transfer roller 26, 53 Recording medium 29, 61 Power supply 41, 42, 43, 44 Developer 54a-54d First developing section to fourth developing section 56 Recording medium feeding roller 57 Recording medium feeding apparatus 58 Fixing apparatus

Claims (2)

In an endless belt-like conductive endless belt used in an image forming apparatus,
The belt body contains 20 to 40 parts by mass of furnace carbon black with respect to 100 parts by mass of the sulfur-containing thermoplastic resin, and the sulfur-containing thermoplastic resin is one or both of polyphenylene sulfide and polysulfone. , and the and of the furnace carbon black, conductive endless belt having a specific surface area and wherein 10 to 50 m ² / g der Rukoto. Wherein the furnace carbon black, electroconductive endless belt according to claim 1, wherein D BP oil absorption is 80~200cm ³ / 100g.

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