JP5881599B2 - 迅速な無菌マイクロアッセイ - Google Patents
迅速な無菌マイクロアッセイ Download PDFInfo
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- JP5881599B2 JP5881599B2 JP2012508824A JP2012508824A JP5881599B2 JP 5881599 B2 JP5881599 B2 JP 5881599B2 JP 2012508824 A JP2012508824 A JP 2012508824A JP 2012508824 A JP2012508824 A JP 2012508824A JP 5881599 B2 JP5881599 B2 JP 5881599B2
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- UHSKFQJFRQCDBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N ropinirole Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)CCC1=CC=CC2=C1CC(=O)N2 UHSKFQJFRQCDBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012449 sabouraud dextrose agar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940063635 salagen Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940125723 sedative agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000932 sedative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960001516 silver nitrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RYMZZMVNJRMUDD-HGQWONQESA-N simvastatin Chemical compound C([C@H]1[C@@H](C)C=CC2=C[C@H](C)C[C@@H]([C@H]12)OC(=O)C(C)(C)CC)C[C@@H]1C[C@@H](O)CC(=O)O1 RYMZZMVNJRMUDD-HGQWONQESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002855 simvastatin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940083542 sodium Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium docusate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- TVTJZMHAIQQZTL-WATAJHSMSA-M sodium;(2s,4s)-4-cyclohexyl-1-[2-[[(1s)-2-methyl-1-propanoyloxypropoxy]-(4-phenylbutyl)phosphoryl]acetyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Na+].C([P@@](=O)(O[C@H](OC(=O)CC)C(C)C)CC(=O)N1[C@@H](C[C@H](C1)C1CCCCC1)C([O-])=O)CCCC1=CC=CC=C1 TVTJZMHAIQQZTL-WATAJHSMSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VIDRYROWYFWGSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sotalol hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CC(C)NCC(O)C1=CC=C(NS(C)(=O)=O)C=C1 VIDRYROWYFWGSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000028070 sporulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960001052 streptozocin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZSJLQEPLLKMAKR-GKHCUFPYSA-N streptozocin Chemical compound O=NN(C)C(=O)N[C@H]1[C@@H](O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O ZSJLQEPLLKMAKR-GKHCUFPYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MNQYNQBOVCBZIQ-JQOFMKNESA-A sucralfate Chemical compound O[Al](O)OS(=O)(=O)O[C@@H]1[C@@H](OS(=O)(=O)O[Al](O)O)[C@H](OS(=O)(=O)O[Al](O)O)[C@@H](COS(=O)(=O)O[Al](O)O)O[C@H]1O[C@@]1(COS(=O)(=O)O[Al](O)O)[C@@H](OS(=O)(=O)O[Al](O)O)[C@H](OS(=O)(=O)O[Al](O)O)[C@@H](OS(=O)(=O)O[Al](O)O)O1 MNQYNQBOVCBZIQ-JQOFMKNESA-A 0.000 description 1
- 229960004291 sucralfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960005404 sulfamethoxazole Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JLKIGFTWXXRPMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulphamethoxazole Chemical compound O1C(C)=CC(NS(=O)(=O)C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=N1 JLKIGFTWXXRPMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KQKPFRSPSRPDEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N sumatriptan Chemical compound CNS(=O)(=O)CC1=CC=C2NC=C(CCN(C)C)C2=C1 KQKPFRSPSRPDEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000658 sumatriptan succinate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FQZYTYWMLGAPFJ-OQKDUQJOSA-N tamoxifen citrate Chemical compound [H+].[H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O.C=1C=CC=CC=1C(/CC)=C(C=1C=CC(OCCN(C)C)=CC=1)/C1=CC=CC=C1 FQZYTYWMLGAPFJ-OQKDUQJOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003454 tamoxifen citrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002613 tamsulosin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RCINICONZNJXQF-MZXODVADSA-N taxol Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@]2(C[C@@H](C(C)=C(C2(C)C)[C@H](C([C@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C[C@H]3OC[C@]3([C@H]21)OC(C)=O)=O)OC(=O)C)OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](NC(=O)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RCINICONZNJXQF-MZXODVADSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001693 terazosin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VCKUSRYTPJJLNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N terazosin Chemical compound N=1C(N)=C2C=C(OC)C(OC)=CC2=NC=1N(CC1)CCN1C(=O)C1CCCO1 VCKUSRYTPJJLNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002722 terbinafine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- DOMXUEMWDBAQBQ-WEVVVXLNSA-N terbinafine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CN(C\C=C\C#CC(C)(C)C)C)=CC=CC2=C1 DOMXUEMWDBAQBQ-WEVVVXLNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YUSMZDVTEOAHDL-NTMALXAHSA-N tert-butyl (3z)-3-(dimethylaminomethylidene)-4-oxopiperidine-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CN(C)\C=C1\CN(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCC1=O YUSMZDVTEOAHDL-NTMALXAHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WUBVEMGCQRSBBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 4-(trifluoromethylsulfonyloxy)-3,6-dihydro-2h-pyridine-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)N1CCC(OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F)=CC1 WUBVEMGCQRSBBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VQMNWIMYFHHFMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 4-hydroxyindole-1-carboxylate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)C=CC2=C1O VQMNWIMYFHHFMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- HPFVBGJFAYZEBE-ZLQWOROUSA-N testosterone cypionate Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(CCC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C(=O)CCC1CCCC1 HPFVBGJFAYZEBE-ZLQWOROUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000921 testosterone cypionate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002372 tetracaine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GKCBAIGFKIBETG-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracaine Chemical compound CCCCNC1=CC=C(C(=O)OCCN(C)C)C=C1 GKCBAIGFKIBETG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002180 tetracycline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960000278 theophylline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960005001 ticlopidine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PHWBOXQYWZNQIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ticlopidine Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1CN1CC(C=CS2)=C2CC1 PHWBOXQYWZNQIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000707 tobramycin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NLVFBUXFDBBNBW-PBSUHMDJSA-N tobramycin Chemical compound N[C@@H]1C[C@H](O)[C@@H](CN)O[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O[C@@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](N)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)[C@H](N)C[C@@H]1N NLVFBUXFDBBNBW-PBSUHMDJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001017 tolmetin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UPSPUYADGBWSHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N tolmetin Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=C(CC(O)=O)N1C UPSPUYADGBWSHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004394 topiramate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960005461 torasemide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960004380 tramadol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002051 trandolapril Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940089406 travoprost ophthalmic solution Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960003991 trazodone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PHLBKPHSAVXXEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trazodone Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(N2CCN(CCCN3C(N4C=CC=CC4=N3)=O)CC2)=C1 PHLBKPHSAVXXEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001727 tretinoin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013337 tricalcium citrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VSQQQLOSPVPRAZ-RRKCRQDMSA-N trifluridine Chemical compound C1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1N1C(=O)NC(=O)C(C(F)(F)F)=C1 VSQQQLOSPVPRAZ-RRKCRQDMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940031418 trivalent vaccine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009281 ultraviolet germicidal irradiation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229950008081 unoprostone isopropyl Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RUDATBOHQWOJDD-UZVSRGJWSA-N ursodeoxycholic acid Chemical compound C([C@H]1C[C@@H]2O)[C@H](O)CC[C@]1(C)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2[C@@H]2CC[C@H]([C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C)[C@@]2(C)CC1 RUDATBOHQWOJDD-UZVSRGJWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001661 ursodiol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002149 valganciclovir Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MSRILKIQRXUYCT-UHFFFAOYSA-M valproate semisodium Chemical compound [Na+].CCCC(C(O)=O)CCC.CCCC(C([O-])=O)CCC MSRILKIQRXUYCT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VEPSYABRBFXYIB-PWXDFCLTSA-M vecuronium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].N1([C@@H]2[C@@H](OC(C)=O)C[C@@H]3CC[C@H]4[C@@H]5C[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@]5(CC[C@@H]4[C@@]3(C)C2)C)OC(=O)C)[N+]2(C)CCCCC2)CCCCC1 VEPSYABRBFXYIB-PWXDFCLTSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960004298 vecuronium bromide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960004688 venlafaxine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PNVNVHUZROJLTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N venlafaxine Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1C(CN(C)C)C1(O)CCCCC1 PNVNVHUZROJLTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001722 verapamil Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960003895 verteporfin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZQFGRJWRSLZCSQ-ZSFNYQMMSA-N verteporfin Chemical compound C=1C([C@@]2([C@H](C(=O)OC)C(=CC=C22)C(=O)OC)C)=NC2=CC(C(=C2C=C)C)=NC2=CC(C(=C2CCC(O)=O)C)=NC2=CC2=NC=1C(C)=C2CCC(=O)OC ZQFGRJWRSLZCSQ-ZSFNYQMMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AQTQHPDCURKLKT-JKDPCDLQSA-N vincristine sulfate Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O.C([C@@H](C[C@]1(C(=O)OC)C=2C(=CC3=C([C@]45[C@H]([C@@]([C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@]6(CC)C=CCN([C@H]56)CC4)(O)C(=O)OC)N3C=O)C=2)OC)C[C@@](C2)(O)CC)N2CCC2=C1NC1=CC=CC=C21 AQTQHPDCURKLKT-JKDPCDLQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002110 vincristine sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002166 vinorelbine tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GBABOYUKABKIAF-IWWDSPBFSA-N vinorelbinetartrate Chemical compound C1N(CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC=22)CC(CC)=C[C@H]1C[C@]2(C(=O)OC)C1=CC(C23[C@H]([C@@]([C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@]4(CC)C=CCN([C@H]34)CC2)(O)C(=O)OC)N2C)=C2C=C1OC GBABOYUKABKIAF-IWWDSPBFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940099269 viroptic Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019168 vitamin K Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011712 vitamin K Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003721 vitamin K derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940046010 vitamin k Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940053728 vitrasert Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012138 yeast extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004010 zaleplon Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HUNXMJYCHXQEGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N zaleplon Chemical compound CCN(C(C)=O)C1=CC=CC(C=2N3N=CC(=C3N=CC=2)C#N)=C1 HUNXMJYCHXQEGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960005111 zolpidem tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/02—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving viable microorganisms
- C12Q1/22—Testing for sterility conditions
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- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/02—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving viable microorganisms
- C12Q1/04—Determining presence or kind of microorganism; Use of selective media for testing antibiotics or bacteriocides; Compositions containing a chemical indicator therefor
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
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- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/66—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving luciferase
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/15—Medicinal preparations ; Physical properties thereof, e.g. dissolubility
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/52—Use of compounds or compositions for colorimetric, spectrophotometric or fluorometric investigation, e.g. use of reagent paper and including single- and multilayer analytical elements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
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- Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Description
本願は一実施形態において例えば以下の項目を提供する:
(項目1)
医薬品組成物中の生存微生物を検出するための方法であって、該方法は:
a)ろ過性の医薬品組成物を提供する工程;
b)該医薬品組成物をろ過して、該医薬品組成物のろ取物が堆積した少なくとも3枚のフィルターメンブランを提供する工程;
c)該少なくとも3枚のフィルターメンブランを、固体培地へ置いて、少なくとも3つのろ取物培養物を産生する工程;
d)
i)少なくとも1つのろ取物培養物を好気性条件下において20℃〜25℃で;
ii)少なくとも1つのろ取物培養物を好気性条件下において30℃〜35℃で;および
iii)少なくとも1つのろ取物培養物を嫌気性条件下において30℃〜35℃で、
培養する工程であって、ただし、該ろ取物培養物のいずれも約13日間より長い期間培養しない、工程;ならびに
e)メンブランにおける生存微生物細胞、ミクロコロニーまたはコロニーを検出する工程であって、ここで該メンブランにおける生存微生物細胞、ミクロコロニーまたはコロニーの存在は、該医薬品組成物における生存微生物の存在を示す、工程、を含む方法。
(項目2)
工程b)が、前記医薬品組成物をろ過した後に、洗浄溶液をろ過する工程をさらに含む、項目1に記載の方法。
(項目3)
前記メンブランが、ポリフッ化ビニリデンメンブラン、グラスファイバーメンブラン、ポリカーボネートメンブラン、ポリエチレンテレフタラートメンブラン、混合セルロースエステル(酢酸セルロースおよび硝酸セルロース)、ホスホセルロースメンブラン、DEAEメンブラン、ナイロンメッシュメンブラン、またはポリテトラフルオロエチレン(polytetrafluroethylene)メンブランである、項目1または2に記載の方法。
(項目4)
前記メンブランが約0.45μmの孔径を有する、前述の項目のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
(項目5)
前記固体培地が、FTM−A(1.075%の寒天を含む液状チオグリコール酸培地(最終的な濃度))、BHI(ブレインハートインフュージョン寒天培地)、Difco brewer嫌気性寒天培地、R2A寒天培地、Schaedler血液寒天培地、Caso−寒天培地ICR(トリプティックソイ寒天培地)、Columbia寒天培地5%血液、およびCDC嫌気性血液寒天培地からなる群より選択される、前述の項目のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
(項目6)
工程d)において、前記ろ取物培養物を、検出可能な量のATPの産生に十分な期間、培養する、前述の項目のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
(項目7)
前記ろ取物培養物を、約2日間〜約7日間の期間、培養する、項目6に記載の方法。
(項目8)
工程e)において、生存微生物細胞、ミクロコロニー、またはコロニーを、発光アッセイを用いて検出する、前述の項目のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
(項目9)
前記発光アッセイが、前記メンブランにおける生存微生物細胞、ミクロコロニー、またはコロニーによって産生されるアデノシン3リン酸(ATP)を検出する、項目8に記載の方法。
(項目10)
前記発光アッセイが、ルシフェラーゼアッセイを含む、項目8に記載の方法。
(項目11)
前記発光アッセイが、プローブおよび微生物に対して内因性である核酸の間に形成される核酸ハイブリダイゼーション産物を検出する、項目8に記載の方法。
(項目12)
前記発光アッセイが、ペルオキシダーゼ反応を含む、項目11に記載の方法。
(項目13)
発光を、電荷結合素子カメラおよび画像分析ソフトウェアを用いて検出する、項目8〜12のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
(項目14)
前記生存微生物細胞、生存微生物ミクロコロニー、または生存微生物コロニーを数える、項目8〜13のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
(項目15)
前記医薬品組成物が、液体組成物である、前述の項目のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
(項目16)
前記液体組成物が、非経口組成物、経口組成物、鼻用組成物、または眼用組成物である、項目15に記載の方法。
(項目17)
前記液体組成物が、ワクチンである、項目15に記載の方法。
(項目18)
前記ワクチンが、炭疽ワクチン;結核ワクチン;ボレリア症ワクチン;ジフテリアトキソイドおよび破傷風トキソイドワクチン;ジフテリアトキソイドおよび破傷風トキソイドおよび百日咳ワクチン;ジフテリアトキソイドおよび破傷風トキソイドおよび無細胞百日咳(perussis)ワクチン;ジフテリアトキソイドおよび破傷風トキソイドおよび無細胞百日咳およびインフルエンザ菌b型結合型ワクチン;ジフテリアトキソイドおよび破傷風トキソイドおよび無細胞百日咳およびインフルエンザ菌b型結合型およびポリオウイルス不活化ワクチン;A型肝炎ウイルスワクチン;A型肝炎ウイルスおよびB型肝炎ウイルスワクチン;B型肝炎ウイルスワクチン;ヘリコバクターピロリワクチン;インフルエンザ菌b型ワクチン;インフルエンザウイルスワクチン;ポリオウイルスワクチン;髄膜炎菌(ナイセリア・メニンギティディス)ワクチン;麻疹ウイルス、流行性耳下腺炎ウイルス、風疹ウイルスワクチン;麻疹ウイルス、流行性耳下腺炎ウイルス、風疹ウイルスおよび水痘ウイルスワクチン;肺炎球菌(ストレプトコッカス・ニューモニエ)ワクチン;狂犬病ワクチン;呼吸器合胞体ウイルスワクチン;天然痘ワクチン;トキソプラズマ症(トキソプラズマ・ゴンディ(toxoplasm gondii))ワクチン;腸チフス(サルモネラ・チフィ)ワクチン;結核(マイコバクテリウム・ツベルクローシス)ワクチン;および水痘(水痘、水痘帯状疱疹ウイルス)ワクチンからなる群より選択される、項目17に記載の方法。
(項目19)
前記ワクチンが、鳥インフルエンザワクチンまたはブタインフルエンザワクチンである、項目17に記載の方法。
(項目20)
医薬品組成物中の生存微生物を検出するための方法であって、該方法は:
a)ろ過性の医薬品組成物を提供する工程;
b)該医薬品組成物をろ過して、該医薬品組成物のろ取物が堆積した少なくとも3枚のメンブランを提供する工程;
c)該少なくとも3枚のフィルター/メンブランを固体培地へ置いて、少なくとも3つのろ取物培養物を産生する工程;
d)
i)少なくとも1つのろ取物培養物を好気性条件下において20℃〜25℃で;
ii)少なくとも1つのろ取物培養物を好気性条件下において30℃〜35℃で;および
iii)少なくとも1つのろ取物培養物を嫌気性条件下において30℃〜35℃で、
培養する工程であって、ただし、該ろ取物培養物のいずれも約13日間より長い期間培養しない、工程;ならびに
e)該メンブランにおいてアデノシン3リン酸(ATP)を検出する工程であって、ここでメンブランにおけるATPの存在は、該医薬品組成物中の生存微生物の存在を示す、工程、を含む方法。
(項目21)
生存微生物についてスクリーニングされ、無菌性が、前述の項目のいずれか一項に記載の方法を使用して確認される、無菌医薬品組成物。
ATCC株および生産場所(表面または生産者接触プレート、バイオバーデンおよび無菌試験からの混入)からの環境株の凍結コレクションの作成
凍結乾燥培養物(ATCC株)、または直接プレート(環境単離物)に由来する、微生物を液体トリプティックソイブロスまたは固体培地(例えばSabouraudデキストロース寒天培地)で、適切な期間培養した。各株の遺伝子型同定を、MicroSeq System、Applied Biosystemsを用いて行った。次いで培養物を800×Gで20〜30分間遠心分離し、そしてペレットを保護培地(15%のグリセリンを含むOxoid−CM67)に再懸濁した。その培養物を希釈し、CFU(コロニー形成単位)を固体培地でチェックし、そして2mlのNunc CryotubeTMバイアルに満たし、−80℃で保存した。表1は、使用した微生物の完全なリストを示す。
それぞれ1〜10分間、UV光(240〜250μW/cm2)、熱(50〜70℃の水浴)のいずれかを適用することによって、または微生物を希釈系列の非経口製剤中でインキュベートすることによって、ストレスを誘起し、アリコートを毎分取った。ストレスを100CFUより下の範囲の試験微生物の流体懸濁液に直接適用した。ストレスの影響を、プレートカウント法およびOD測定を用いて決定した、CFUの減少によってモニターした。
22個の株からのそれぞれの微生物に関して、3つのストレスパラメーターを試験した。最初に播種したCFUの量の50%超の減少を引き起こすために必要である、各ストレス因子の正確なパラメーター(1分間および10分間の間)を測定した。試験した3つのストレスパラメーターは、UV光、熱および非経口適用のための非経口製剤中における微生物のインキュベーションであった。例えば、熱は、細胞膜に損傷を引き起こし、RNAは変性し、そしてこれはいくつかの細胞の死を引き起こす。UV照射は、変異およびDNA複製の停止を引き起こす(M.Strus、Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig.48(3):263−268(1997))。
≧50%低減研究において決定されたストレスパラメーターを、試験した各株に適用した。ストレスをかけた接種材料を常にストレスをかけていない接種材料と比較した。微生物(最初の接種材料として約3〜4×106CFU/ml)を、トリプティックソイブロスまたは液状チオグリコール酸培地のいずれかにおいてインキュベートし、そして30℃〜35℃で振とうテーブルにおいてインキュベートした(好気性株のみ)。各時間でアリコートを取り、そして吸光度(λ=600nm)を測定した。異なる処理をした(未処理、熱処理、UV光で処理した、非経口製剤中に希釈した、50%低減実験に使用した時間/パラメーター)接種材料に関して得られたデータは、OD測定データの通常プロットにおいてわずかに異なる増殖曲線を示した[図5]。
試験する培地に、約10〜100CFUの量で微生物(ストレスをかけた状態、およびストレスをかけていない状態)を播種した。その実験を、各インキュベーションパラメーター(インキュベーションパラメーターは20℃〜25℃および30℃〜35℃好気性インキュベーション、30℃〜35℃嫌気性インキュベーションである)に関して5回の反復結果を用いて行った。インキュベーションの2−7日後に、結果を視覚的に計測した。得られた生データを、各微生物に関して6つの群に群分けした:
1.20℃〜25℃好気性インキュベーション−ストレスをかけた微生物
2.20℃〜25℃好気性インキュベーション−ストレスをかけていない微生物
3.30℃〜35℃好気性インキュベーション−ストレスをかけた微生物
4.30℃〜35℃好気性インキュベーション−ストレスをかけていない微生物
5.30℃〜35℃嫌気性インキュベーション−ストレスをかけた微生物
6.30℃〜35℃嫌気性インキュベーション−ストレスをかけていない微生物
テストした栄養培地を、亜群に群分けする。
・FTM−A(さらに10g/Lの寒天を含み、最終濃度が1.075%の寒天になる、液状チオグリコール酸培地)、Amimed、Allschwil、Switzerland
・BHI(ブレインハートインフュージョン寒天培地)、γ線照射、heipha、Eppelheim、Germany
・Difco Brewer嫌気性寒天培地、γ線照射、heipha、Eppelheim、Germany
・R2A寒天培地、Oxoid,Great Britain
・Schaedler血液寒天培地、γ線照射、heipha、Eppelheim、Germany
・Caso−寒天培地ICR(トリプティックソイ寒天培地)、γ線照射、heipha、Eppelheim、Germany
・Columbia寒天培地5%血液、BioMerieux、France
・CDC嫌気性血液寒天培地、γ線照射、heipha、Eppelheim、Germany 。
・Difco Brewer嫌気性寒天培地、γ線照射、heipha、Eppelheim、Germany
・Schaedler血液寒天培地、γ線照射、heipha、Eppelheim、Germany
・Caso−寒天培地ICR(トリプティックソイ寒天培地)、γ線照射、heipha、Eppelheim、Germany
・CDC嫌気性血液寒天培地、γ線照射、heipha、Eppelheim、Germany
全てのγ線照射培地を、照射プロセスを維持するように補充した。
栄養培地評価研究を、2つの部分で行った:最初の予備セレクション(ストレスをかけていない10個の株による増殖促進試験、8個の寒天培地での試験)により4つの培地への削減がもたらされたが、それはこれらの培地のみをより綿密に検討することを意味した。FTM−A寒天培地、ブレインハートインフュージョン寒天培地、R2A寒天培地およびColumbia寒天培地5%血液を、この予備セレクションで除外した。
インキュベーション温度20℃〜25℃および30℃〜35℃(好気性インキュベーション)の間に有意差が存在するかどうかを示すために、栄養培地評価からのデータを用いてt−検定を行った。
生データの統計解析のために、Minitab(登録商標) Release 14.20 Statistical Softwareにおいて実行する以下の方法を使用した。
・4つの亜群(栄養培地)の正規分布、p値≧0.05
・Bartlett’s Testを用いた等分散の検定:p値≧0.05、および
・Levene’s Test:p値≧0.05。
得られたQexp値を、表において見出される棄却Q値(Qcrit)と比較した。もしQexp>Qcritなら、疑わしい値を域外値として特徴付けすることができ、そしてそれを拒絶し得る。もしそうでなければ、その疑わしい値を保持し、そして続く計算の全てにおいて使用しなければならない。ANOVAを実施し得る他の方法は、以下のものである:正規分布に従わない、そして他の亜群より有意に低い亜群(群内の4つの栄養培地)を、それらはANOVAに不適切であるので除外した。もし群内の亜群のCFU値が低すぎたなら(0〜5CFU)、4かける0クレジット(4 times 0 credits)の最終結果を与えた。全ての他の場合において、再テストを行わなければならなかった。t−検定(Minitab(登録商標) Release 14.20 Statistical Softwareも用いる)を用いて、2つのサンプルの平均値を比較する;t−検定は、データ中の偏差(variation)と関連して2つの平均値の間の実際の差を比較する(平均値の間の差の標準偏差として表す)。
試験中のサンプル(膜における微生物の適切な分布を保証するために、100mlのすすぎ洗い用流体中で希釈された)を、Milliflex(Mifliflex)(登録商標) PLUSポンプを用いて、Milliflex(登録商標)Rapidフィルターでろ過し、可能性のある混入物は、フィルターメンブランにおいてトラップされる(孔径:0.45μm)。
(Mg2+はマグネシウム、ATPはアデノシン3リン酸、AMPはアデノシン1リン酸、hvは放出された光子、λは波長を意味する) 。
Milliflex(登録商標) Rapid Microbiology Detection Systemにおいて、Schaedler血液寒天培地を使用するので、この培地が生物発光バックグラウンドを生じるかどうかを決定するために試験を行った。このために、培地のカセットを、100mlの流体Aまたは流体Dのいずれかですすぎ洗いした、MXHVWP124メンブラン(ポリフッ化ビニリデンメンブラン、孔径0.45μm)とインキュベートした。インキュベーション温度は30℃〜35℃であり、5日間インキュベートした。図11は、Schaedler血液寒天培地由来の生物発光バックグラウンドはないことを示し、このことは、ガンマ線照射した栄養培地に妨害するATPは残っていないことを意味する。Schaedler血液寒天培地は、Milliflex(登録商標) Rapid Systemにおいて使用するために適当である。
Claims (21)
- 液体医薬品組成物の無菌試験のための方法であって、該方法は:
a)ろ過性の医薬品組成物を提供する工程;
b)該医薬品組成物をろ過して、該医薬品組成物のろ取物が堆積した少なくとも3枚のフィルターメンブランを提供する工程;
c)該少なくとも3枚のフィルターメンブランを、固体培地へ置いて、少なくとも3つのろ取物培養物を産生する工程;
d)
i)少なくとも1つのろ取物培養物を好気性条件下において20℃〜25℃で;
ii)少なくとも1つのろ取物培養物を好気性条件下において30℃〜35℃で;および
iii)少なくとも1つのろ取物培養物を嫌気性条件下において30℃〜35℃で、
培養する工程であって、ただし、該ろ取物培養物のいずれも13日間より長い期間培養しない、工程;ならびに
e)フィルターメンブランにおける生存微生物細胞、ミクロコロニーまたはコロニーを検出する工程であって、ここで該フィルターメンブランにおける生存微生物細胞、ミクロコロニーまたはコロニーの存在は、該医薬品組成物における生存微生物の存在を示す、工程、を含む方法。 - 工程b)が、前記医薬品組成物をろ過した後に、洗浄溶液をろ過する工程をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記フィルターメンブランが、ポリフッ化ビニリデンメンブラン、グラスファイバーメンブラン、ポリカーボネートメンブラン、ポリエチレンテレフタラートメンブラン、混合セルロースエステル(酢酸セルロースおよび硝酸セルロース)、ホスホセルロースメンブラン、DEAEメンブラン、ナイロンメッシュメンブラン、またはポリテトラフルオロエチレン(polytetrafluroethylene)メンブランである、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 前記フィルターメンブランが0.45μmの孔径を有する、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記固体培地が、FTM−A(1.075%の寒天を含む液状チオグリコール酸培地(最終的な濃度))、BHI(ブレインハートインフュージョン寒天培地)、Difco brewer嫌気性寒天培地、R2A寒天培地、Schaedler血液寒天培地、Caso−寒天培地ICR(トリプティックソイ寒天培地)、Columbia寒天培地5%血液、およびCDC嫌気性血液寒天培地からなる群より選択される、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 工程d)において、前記ろ取物培養物を、検出可能な量のATPの産生に十分な期間、培養する、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記ろ取物培養物を、2日間〜7日間の期間、培養する、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 工程e)において、生存微生物細胞、ミクロコロニー、またはコロニーを、発光アッセイを用いて検出する、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記発光アッセイが、前記フィルターメンブランにおける生存微生物細胞、ミクロコロニー、またはコロニーによって産生されるアデノシン3リン酸(ATP)を検出する、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記発光アッセイが、ルシフェラーゼアッセイを含む、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記発光アッセイが、プローブおよび微生物に対して内因性である核酸の間に形成される核酸ハイブリダイゼーション産物を検出する、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記発光アッセイが、ペルオキシダーゼ反応を含む、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 発光を、電荷結合素子カメラおよび画像分析ソフトウェアを用いて検出する、請求項8〜12のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記生存微生物細胞、生存微生物ミクロコロニー、または生存微生物コロニーを数える、請求項8〜13のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記医薬品組成物が、液体組成物である、請求項1〜14のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記液体組成物が、非経口組成物、経口組成物、鼻用組成物、または眼用組成物である、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記液体組成物が、ワクチンである、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記ワクチンが、炭疽ワクチン;結核ワクチン;ボレリア症ワクチン;ジフテリアトキソイドおよび破傷風トキソイドワクチン;ジフテリアトキソイドおよび破傷風トキソイドおよび百日咳ワクチン;ジフテリアトキソイドおよび破傷風トキソイドおよび無細胞百日咳(perussis)ワクチン;ジフテリアトキソイドおよび破傷風トキソイドおよび無細胞百日咳およびインフルエンザ菌b型結合型ワクチン;ジフテリアトキソイドおよび破傷風トキソイドおよび無細胞百日咳およびインフルエンザ菌b型結合型およびポリオウイルス不活化ワクチン;A型肝炎ウイルスワクチン;A型肝炎ウイルスおよびB型肝炎ウイルスワクチン;B型肝炎ウイルスワクチン;ヘリコバクターピロリワクチン;インフルエンザ菌b型ワクチン;インフルエンザウイルスワクチン;ポリオウイルスワクチン;髄膜炎菌(ナイセリア・メニンギティディス)ワクチン;麻疹ウイルス、流行性耳下腺炎ウイルス、風疹ウイルスワクチン;麻疹ウイルス、流行性耳下腺炎ウイルス、風疹ウイルスおよび水痘ウイルスワクチン;肺炎球菌(ストレプトコッカス・ニューモニエ)ワクチン;狂犬病ワクチン;呼吸器合胞体ウイルスワクチン;天然痘ワクチン;トキソプラズマ症(トキソプラズマ・ゴンディ(toxoplasm gondii))ワクチン;腸チフス(サルモネラ・チフィ)ワクチン;結核(マイコバクテリウム・ツベルクローシス)ワクチン;および水痘(水痘、水痘帯状疱疹ウイルス)ワクチンからなる群より選択される、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記ワクチンが、鳥インフルエンザワクチンまたはブタインフルエンザワクチンである、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 液体医薬品組成物の無菌試験のための方法であって、該方法は:
a)ろ過性の医薬品組成物を提供する工程;
b)該医薬品組成物をろ過して、該医薬品組成物のろ取物が堆積した少なくとも3枚のフィルターメンブランを提供する工程;
c)該少なくとも3枚のフィルターメンブランを固体培地へ置いて、少なくとも3つのろ取物培養物を産生する工程;
d)
i)少なくとも1つのろ取物培養物を好気性条件下において20℃〜25℃で;
ii)少なくとも1つのろ取物培養物を好気性条件下において30℃〜35℃で;および
iii)少なくとも1つのろ取物培養物を嫌気性条件下において30℃〜35℃で、
培養する工程であって、ただし、該ろ取物培養物のいずれも13日間より長い期間培養しない、工程;ならびに
e)該フィルターメンブランにおいてアデノシン3リン酸(ATP)を検出する工程であって、ここでフィルターメンブランにおけるATPの存在は、該医薬品組成物中の生存微生物の存在を示す、工程、を含む方法。 - 無菌医薬品組成物を調製するための方法であって、該医薬品組成物は、生存微生物についてスクリーニングされ、無菌性が、以下:
a)ろ過性の医薬品組成物を提供する工程;
b)該医薬品組成物をろ過して、該医薬品組成物のろ取物が堆積した少なくとも3枚のフィルターメンブランを提供する工程;
c)該少なくとも3枚のフィルターメンブランを、固体培地へ置いて、少なくとも3つのろ取物培養物を産生する工程;
d)
i)少なくとも1つのろ取物培養物を好気性条件下において20℃〜25℃で;
ii)少なくとも1つのろ取物培養物を好気性条件下において30℃〜35℃で;および
iii)少なくとも1つのろ取物培養物を嫌気性条件下において30℃〜35℃で、
培養する工程であって、ただし、該ろ取物培養物のいずれも13日間より長い期間培養しない、工程;ならびに
e)
(i)フィルターメンブランにおける生存微生物細胞、ミクロコロニーまたはコロニーを検出する工程であって、ここで該フィルターメンブランにおける生存微生物細胞、ミクロコロニーまたはコロニーの存在は、該医薬品組成物における生存微生物の存在を示す、工程、あるいは
(ii)該フィルターメンブランにおけるアデノシン3リン酸(ATP)を検出する工程であって、ここでフィルターメンブランにおけるATPの存在は、該医薬品組成物中の生存微生物の存在を示す、工程
を含む、該医薬品組成物中の生存微生物を検出するための方法を使用して確認される、方法。
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WO2013166338A2 (en) | 2012-05-02 | 2013-11-07 | Charles River Laboratories, Inc. | Cell capture system and use thereof |
CN104419653B (zh) * | 2013-08-29 | 2017-06-06 | 山东鑫科生物科技股份有限公司 | 一种分枝杆菌增菌液及其制备方法及应用 |
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EP3944867B1 (de) | 2020-07-31 | 2023-02-22 | CUP Laboratorien Dr. Freitag GmbH | Anlage und verfahren zur sterilitätsprüfung von radioaktiven stoffen |
CN113151393A (zh) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-07-23 | 宁德师范学院 | 离心过滤结合荧光染色判定液体菌种细菌污染情况的方法 |
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PT2427567E (pt) | 2015-06-25 |
EA201171354A1 (ru) | 2012-05-30 |
JP2015231391A (ja) | 2015-12-24 |
EP2427567B1 (en) | 2015-04-08 |
AU2010246126B2 (en) | 2014-05-15 |
ES2658754T3 (es) | 2018-03-12 |
EA021339B1 (ru) | 2015-05-29 |
CN102414324A (zh) | 2012-04-11 |
EP2918684B1 (en) | 2018-01-10 |
US20170218427A1 (en) | 2017-08-03 |
ES2540544T3 (es) | 2015-07-10 |
PL2427567T3 (pl) | 2015-09-30 |
KR101681142B1 (ko) | 2016-12-01 |
EP2918684A1 (en) | 2015-09-16 |
WO2010129521A1 (en) | 2010-11-11 |
DK2427567T3 (en) | 2015-06-15 |
AU2010246126A1 (en) | 2011-11-24 |
CN102414324B (zh) | 2015-12-02 |
CA2760922C (en) | 2018-05-01 |
BRPI1013966A2 (pt) | 2016-08-09 |
KR20140014369A (ko) | 2014-02-06 |
US20110003300A1 (en) | 2011-01-06 |
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