JP5831638B2 - 炭素繊維前駆体アクリル繊維束の製造方法及びスチーム延伸装置 - Google Patents
炭素繊維前駆体アクリル繊維束の製造方法及びスチーム延伸装置 Download PDFInfo
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- 229920002972 Acrylic fiber Polymers 0.000 title claims description 125
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 title claims description 44
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 44
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 44
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 title claims description 44
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 58
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- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
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- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001867 inorganic solvent Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
- B29C55/005—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of materials
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D11/00—Other features of manufacture
- D01D11/02—Opening bundles to space the threads or filaments from one another
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/28—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D01F6/38—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds comprising unsaturated nitriles as the major constituent
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
- D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
- D01F9/12—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
- D01F9/14—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments
- D01F9/20—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products
- D01F9/21—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products from macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
- D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
- D01F9/12—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
- D01F9/14—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments
- D01F9/20—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products
- D01F9/21—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products from macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D01F9/22—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products from macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polyacrylonitriles
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
- D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
- D02J1/18—Separating or spreading
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
- D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
- D02J1/22—Stretching or tensioning, shrinking or relaxing, e.g. by use of overfeed and underfeed apparatus, or preventing stretch
- D02J1/222—Stretching in a gaseous atmosphere or in a fluid bed
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
- D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
- D02J1/22—Stretching or tensioning, shrinking or relaxing, e.g. by use of overfeed and underfeed apparatus, or preventing stretch
- D02J1/225—Mechanical characteristics of stretching apparatus
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
- D02J13/00—Heating or cooling the yarn, thread, cord, rope, or the like, not specific to any one of the processes provided for in this subclass
- D02J13/005—Heating or cooling the yarn, thread, cord, rope, or the like, not specific to any one of the processes provided for in this subclass by contact with at least one rotating roll
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B3/00—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating
- D06B3/04—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating of yarns, threads or filaments
- D06B3/045—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating of yarns, threads or filaments in a tube or a groove
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
- D06C3/00—Stretching, tentering or spreading textile fabrics; Producing elasticity in textile fabrics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2033/00—Use of polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof as moulding material
- B29K2033/04—Polymers of esters
- B29K2033/08—Polymers of acrylic acid esters, e.g. PMA, i.e. polymethylacrylate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/731—Filamentary material, i.e. comprised of a single element, e.g. filaments, strands, threads, fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/12—Stretch-spinning methods
- D01D5/16—Stretch-spinning methods using rollers, or like mechanical devices, e.g. snubbing pins
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D01F6/18—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polymers of unsaturated nitriles, e.g. polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene cyanide
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
- D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
- D01F9/12—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
- D01F9/14—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments
- D01F9/20—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products
- D01F9/21—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products from macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D01F9/22—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products from macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polyacrylonitriles
- D01F9/225—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products from macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polyacrylonitriles from stabilised polyacrylonitriles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
Description
a.アクリル繊維束に流体を吹き付けて前記アクリル繊維束を開繊する工程、
b.前記開繊されたアクリル繊維束の繊維温度を80℃〜130℃に予熱した後に、加湿蒸気を与えて水分率を3%〜7%に加湿する工程、及び
c.前記加湿されたアクリル繊維束を加圧スチーム雰囲気下で延伸する工程、
を順に有する、炭素繊維前駆体アクリル繊維束の製造方法である。
加圧スチーム延伸の前後に、繊維製造の分野で公知の工程を適宜行うことができる。例えば、アクリル系繊維を溶液紡糸する場合は、原料重合体としてアクリロニトリルのホモポリマー、あるいはコモノマーを含んだアクリロニトリル系共重合体を、公知の有機又は無機溶剤に溶解した溶液を紡糸した後、延伸する際に本発明のスチーム延伸を行うことができる。この場合、紡糸方法はいわゆる湿式、乾湿式、乾式のいずれでも良く、その後の工程で脱溶剤、浴中延伸、油剤付着処理、乾燥等を施すことができる。スチーム延伸は繊維製造のいかなる段階で実施してもよいが、溶液紡糸の場合は繊維束中に溶剤をある程度除去した後、すなわち洗浄後又は浴中延伸後、あるいは乾燥後が好ましく、高配向の繊維を得る観点から乾燥後がより好ましい。
加湿するアクリル繊維束の温度が80℃〜130℃であると、アクリル繊維束は蒸気による凝縮伝熱を効率的に得ることが出来るようになる。
前記予熱は、工程aと工程bの間で行うのが好ましい。
また、前記アクリル繊維束を予熱するために、表面温度を制御する手段を有する予熱ロールまたは熱板を前記開繊装置と糸条加湿装置の間に配置することが好ましい。また、前記開繊装置が、アクリル繊維束の張力を制御できる駆動ロール間に配されていることが好ましい。さらに、前記スチーム延伸機が、該延伸機のアクリル繊維束入口部及び出口部にそれぞれラビリンスシール部を備えたスチーム延伸装置であることが好ましい。
破断倍率は、以下の計算式より求めた。
巻取りロール速度(m/分) / 引き取りロール速度(m/分) = 破断倍率
アクリロニトリル単位98モル%、メタクリル酸単位2モル%からなるアクリル系共重合体を、ジメチルホルムアミドに溶解して重合体濃度23%の紡糸原液を調整した。この紡糸原液を、紡糸ノズルを用いて、温度10℃、濃度80%からなる凝固浴中に吐出し、凝固糸を得た。この凝固糸を、冷延伸および熱水中延伸を実施し、油剤付着および乾燥緻密化処理を行って、アクリル繊維束を得た。引き続き、前記アクリル繊維束を図1に示したスチーム延伸装置13に通し、4.0倍延伸を行い、単繊維繊度が1.0デシテックス、フィラメント数が12000の炭素繊維前駆体アクリル繊維束を得た。
前記アクリル繊維束1は、前記予熱ロール3により81℃に予熱されて、前記糸条加湿装置4に供給される。
得られた炭素繊維前駆体アクリル繊維束の繊維束全体の切断回数、毛羽発生数、破断倍率を評価した結果を表1に示した。
表1に示す通り、スチーム延伸装置13の処理条件を変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして炭素繊維前駆体アクリル繊維束を得た。得られた炭素繊維前駆体アクリル繊維束の繊維束全体の切断回数、毛羽発生数、破断倍率を評価した結果を表1に示した。
図2に示す通り、スチーム延伸機7以外の装置が無い以外は、実施例1と同様にして炭素繊維前駆体アクリル繊維束を得た。なお、3’は予熱しないフィードロールである。得られた炭素繊維前駆体アクリル繊維束の繊維束全体の切断回数、毛羽発生数、破断倍率を評価した結果を表1に示した。
図3に示す通り、開繊装置2と予熱ロール3が無い以外は、実施例1と同様にして炭素繊維前駆体アクリル繊維束を得た。なお、3’は予熱しないフィードロールである。得られた炭素繊維前駆体アクリル繊維束の繊維束全体の切断回数、毛羽発生数、破断倍率を評価した結果を表1に示した。
図4に示す通り、開繊装置2が無い以外は、実施例1と同様にして炭素繊維前駆体アクリル繊維束を得た。得られた炭素繊維前駆体アクリル繊維束の繊維束全体の切断回数、毛羽発生数、破断倍率を評価した結果を表1に示した。
図5に示す通り、糸条加湿装置4が無い以外は、実施例1と同様にして炭素繊維前駆体アクリル繊維束を得た。得られた炭素繊維前駆体アクリル繊維束の繊維束全体の切断回数、毛羽発生数、破断倍率を評価した結果を表1に示した。
図6〜8に示す通り、開繊装置2、予熱ロール3、糸条加湿装置4の設置位置を変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして炭素繊維前駆体アクリル繊維束を得た。得られた炭素繊維前駆体アクリル繊維束の繊維束全体の切断回数、毛羽発生数、破断倍率を評価した結果を表1に示した。
2:開繊装置
3:予熱ロール
3’:予熱しないフィードロール
4:糸条加湿装置
5:蒸気供給配管
6:ドレン排出口
7:スチーム延伸機
8:ラビリンスシール部
9:蒸気導入口
10:装置上蓋
11:装置架台
12:巻取りロール
13:スチーム延伸装置
Claims (9)
- アクリル繊維束を加圧スチーム雰囲気下で延伸する、炭素繊維前駆体アクリル繊維束の製造方法において、
a.アクリル繊維束に流体を吹き付けて前記アクリル繊維束を開繊する工程、
b.前記開繊されたアクリル繊維束の繊維温度を80℃〜130℃に予熱した後に、加湿蒸気を与えて水分率を3%〜7%に加湿する工程、及び
c.前記加湿されたアクリル繊維束を加圧スチーム雰囲気下で延伸する工程、
を順に有する炭素繊維前駆体アクリル繊維束の製造方法。 - 前記工程bにおけるアクリル繊維束の繊維温度を80℃〜130℃に予熱する方法が、予熱ロールまたは熱板を用いて行われる、請求項1に記載の炭素繊維前駆体アクリル繊維束の製造方法。
- 前記工程bのアクリル繊維束に加湿蒸気を与える方法が、前記予熱したアクリル繊維束を加湿蒸気が供給される糸条加湿装置に導入することにより行われる、請求項1または2に記載の炭素繊維前駆体アクリル繊維束の製造方法。
- 前記工程bのアクリル繊維束に加湿蒸気を与える方法が、前記予熱したアクリル繊維束に向かって加湿蒸気を吹き付けることにより行われる、請求項1または2に記載の炭素繊維前駆体アクリル繊維束の製造方法。
- 前記工程bにおいて、前記予熱したアクリル繊維束に与えられる加湿蒸気が、飽和水蒸気である請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の炭素繊維前駆体アクリル繊維束の製造方法。
- アクリル繊維束を開繊するための開繊装置と、前記アクリル繊維束の繊維温度を80℃〜130℃とするための予熱装置と、前記アクリル繊維束の水分率を3%〜7%に加湿するための蒸気を供給する手段を備えた糸条加湿装置と、内部を加圧状態で維持可能なスチーム延伸機と、が順に配置された炭素繊維前駆体アクリル繊維束のスチーム延伸装置。
- 前記アクリル繊維束の繊維温度を80℃〜130℃とするための予熱装置が予熱ロールまたは熱板である、請求項6に記載の炭素繊維前駆体アクリル繊維束のスチーム延伸装置。
- 前記開繊装置が、前記アクリル繊維束の張力を制御できる駆動ロール間に配されている、請求項6または7に記載の炭素繊維前駆体アクリル繊維束のスチーム延伸装置。
- 前記スチーム延伸機が、該延伸機のアクリル繊維束入口部及び出口部にそれぞれラビリンスシール部を備えている、請求項6〜8のいずれかに記載の炭素繊維前駆体アクリル繊維束のスチーム延伸装置。
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