JP5790325B2 - 真空断熱材の製造方法 - Google Patents
真空断熱材の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5790325B2 JP5790325B2 JP2011186894A JP2011186894A JP5790325B2 JP 5790325 B2 JP5790325 B2 JP 5790325B2 JP 2011186894 A JP2011186894 A JP 2011186894A JP 2011186894 A JP2011186894 A JP 2011186894A JP 5790325 B2 JP5790325 B2 JP 5790325B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- core material
- heat insulating
- vacuum
- core
- insulating material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
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- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 79
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims description 78
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 53
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 39
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- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
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- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SECPZKHBENQXJG-FPLPWBNLSA-N palmitoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O SECPZKHBENQXJG-FPLPWBNLSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- BGHCVCJVXZWKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC BGHCVCJVXZWKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IIYFAKIEWZDVMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC IIYFAKIEWZDVMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004156 Azodicarbonamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- SECPZKHBENQXJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N cis-palmitoleic acid Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O SECPZKHBENQXJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/06—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by burning-out added substances by burning natural expanding materials or by sublimating or melting out added substances
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
- B28B11/241—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening using microwave heating means
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/30—Drying methods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
- C04B35/62625—Wet mixtures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
- E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
- E04B1/803—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped with vacuum spaces included in the slab
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
- F16L59/06—Arrangements using an air layer or vacuum
- F16L59/065—Arrangements using an air layer or vacuum using vacuum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
-
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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Description
タルク(平均粒径14μm、融点960℃)400gと、炭酸水素カリウム(平均粒径50μm)600gと、グリセリン150gとを混練して芯材用原料組成物を調製した。この芯材用原料組成物を、厚さ5mmのシート状に圧延成形してグリーンシート(芯材用成形体)を得た。このグリーンシートを電気炉に入れて赤外線加熱により900℃で6時間焼成した。焼成したグリーンシート(焼成体)を真空乾燥機に入れ、150℃で2時間真空乾燥を行ったのち、真空乾燥機内で真空を保持したまま、室温まで冷却して芯材を製造した。この芯材の嵩密度は0.23g/cm3、空孔率は90%であった。得られた芯材の電子顕微鏡写真を図2に示す。
次に、得られた芯材を、ポリアミド、アルミ箔、ポリエチレンからなるラミネートフィルムを三方製袋したものに入れ、真空チャンバー内で10Pa以下に減圧して真空封止し、真空断熱材を作製した。
得られた真空断熱材の熱伝導率を、熱伝導率計(英弘精機HC−074)を用い、JIS−A1412に基づき、平均温度20〜60℃、温度差20℃の条件で測定した。平均温度20℃での熱伝導率は、0.003W/mKであった。
実施例1において、芯材用成形体をマイクロ波加熱装置に入れ、2.45GHzのマイクロ波を60分間照射して芯材用成形体を900℃に加熱して焼成した以外は実施例1と同様にして芯材を製造し、得られた芯材を用いて実施例1と同様にして真空断熱材を製造し、実施例1と同様にして熱伝導率を測定した。
得られた芯材の嵩密度は0.23g/cm3、空孔率は90%であった。また、得られた真空断熱材の平均温度20℃での熱伝導率は、0.003W/mKであった。
実施例1において、芯材用成形体をマイクロ波加熱装置に入れ、2.45GHzのマイクロ波を20分間照射して芯材用成形体を900℃に加熱した後、電気炉に入れて赤外線加熱により900℃で1時間焼成した以外は実施例1と同様にして芯材を製造し、得られた芯材を用いて実施例1と同様にして真空断熱材を製造し、実施例1と同様にして熱伝導率を測定した。
得られた芯材の嵩密度は0.23g/cm3、空孔率は90%であった。また、得られた真空断熱材の平均温度20℃での熱伝導率は、0.003W/mKであった。
タルク(平均粒径14μm、融点960℃)400gと、炭酸水素カリウム(平均粒径50μm)600gと、グリセリン150gと、ステアリン酸80gを混練して芯材用原料組成物を調製した。
この芯材用原料組成物を、厚さ5mmのシート状に圧延成形してグリーンシート(芯材用成形体)を得た。このグリーンシートを電気炉に入れて赤外線加熱により900℃で5時間焼成した。焼成したグリーンシート(焼成体)を真空乾燥機に入れ、150℃で2時間真空乾燥を行ったのち、真空乾燥機内で真空を保持したまま、室温まで冷却して芯材を製造した。この芯材の嵩密度は0.22g/cm3、空孔率は91%であった。
次に、得られた芯材を用いて、実施例1と同様にして真空断熱材を製造し、実施例1と同様にして熱伝導率を測定した。この真空断熱材の平均温度20℃での熱伝導率は、0.003W/mKであった。
タルク(平均粒径14μm、融点960℃)400gと、炭酸水素カリウム(平均粒径50μm)600gと、水200gとを混練し、芯材用原料組成物を調製した。この芯材用原料組成物を、厚さ5mmのシート状に圧延成形してグリーンシート(芯材用成形体)を得た。このグリーンシートを電気炉に入れ、赤外線加熱により900℃で6時間焼成した。焼成したグリーンシート(焼成体)を真空乾燥機に入れ、150℃で2時間真空乾燥を行ったのち、真空乾燥機内で真空を保持したまま、室温まで冷却して芯材を製造した。この芯材の嵩密度は0.25g/cm3、空孔率は83%であった。得られた芯材の電子顕微鏡写真を図3に示す。
次に、得られた芯材を用いて、実施例1と同様にして真空断熱材を製造し、実施例1と同様にして熱伝導率を測定した。この真空断熱材の平均温度20℃での熱伝導率は、0.004W/mKであった。
比較例1において、芯材用成形体をマイクロ波加熱装置に入れ、2.45GHzのマイクロ波を20分間照射して芯材用成形体を900℃に加熱した以外は比較例1と同様にして芯材を製造し、得られた芯材を用いて比較例1と同様にして真空断熱材を製造し、比較例1と同様にして熱伝導率を測定した。得られた芯材の嵩密度は0.24g/cm3、空孔率は87%であった。また、得られた真空断熱材の平均温度20℃での熱伝導率は、0.004W/mKであった。
比較例1において、芯材用成形体をマイクロ波加熱装置に入れ、2.45GHzのマイクロ波を20分間照射して芯材用成形体を900℃に加熱した後、電気炉に入れ、900℃で1時間焼成した以外は比較例1と同様にして芯材を製造し、得られた芯材を用いて比較例1と同様にして真空断熱材を製造し、比較例1と同様にして熱伝導率を測定した。得られた芯材の嵩密度は0.24g/cm3、空孔率は87%であった。また、得られた真空断熱材の平均温度20℃での熱伝導率は、0.004W/mKであった。
Claims (12)
- タルク族の粘土鉱物と、カリウム化合物と、有機溶媒とを含む芯材用原料組成物を所定形状に成形して芯材用成形体を得て、該芯材用成形体を前記タルク族の粘土鉱物の融点よりも低い温度で焼成して芯材を製造し、この芯材をガスバリヤー性の包材で真空包装することを特徴とする真空断熱材の製造方法。
- 前記芯材用成形体を赤外線加熱により焼成する、請求項1に記載の真空断熱材の製造方法。
- 前記有機溶媒が、極性有機溶媒を少なくとも含むものであり、前記芯材用成形体をマイクロ波加熱により、又はマイクロ波加熱と赤外線加熱とを併用して焼成する、請求項1に記載の真空断熱材の製造方法。
- 前記タルク族の粘土鉱物として、平均粒径が1〜25μmであるものを用いる、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の真空断熱材の製造方法。
- 前記カリウム化合物として、炭酸カリウム及び炭酸水素カリウムから選ばれる一種以上を用いる、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の真空断熱材の製造方法。
- 前記芯材用原料組成物が、固形分中に前記タルク族の粘土鉱物を10〜50質量%、前記カリウム化合物を50〜90質量%含有し、前記タルク族の粘土鉱物と前記カリウム化合物との合計100質量部に対して、前記有機溶媒を5〜20質量部含有する、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の真空断熱材の製造方法。
- 前記芯材用原料組成物が、燃焼助剤を更に含有し、前記燃焼助剤の含有量が、前記タルク族の粘土鉱物と前記カリウム化合物との合計100質量部に対して、0.1〜20質量部含有である、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の真空断熱材の製造方法。
- 前記燃焼助剤が、脂肪酸、脂肪酸エステル及びパラフィンから選ばれる1種以上である、請求項7に記載の真空断熱材の製造方法。
- 前記芯材用原料組成物を、圧延成形して前記芯材用成形体を得た後、前記焼成を行う請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の真空断熱材の製造方法。
- 前記芯材用成形体を700℃以上1000℃未満に加熱して焼成する請求項1〜9のいずれかに記載の真空断熱材の製造方法。
- 前記芯材の嵩密度が、真空包装前の状態で0.15〜1.5g/cm3であり、真空包装した後の状態で0.16〜1.7g/cm3である請求項1〜10のいずれかに記載の真空断熱材の製造方法。
- 前記芯材の空孔率が、真空包装前の状態で55〜95%であり、真空包装した後の状態で49〜86%である請求項1〜11のいずれかに記載の真空断熱材の製造方法。
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CN201280031701.0A CN103717957B (zh) | 2011-08-30 | 2012-08-23 | 生产真空绝热材料的方法 |
US14/125,351 US9664330B2 (en) | 2011-08-30 | 2012-08-23 | Method for producing vacuum insulation material |
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CN105352881B (zh) * | 2015-12-18 | 2019-03-15 | 青岛科瑞新型环保材料集团有限公司 | 一种真空绝热板及其老化测试系统 |
US10787303B2 (en) | 2016-05-29 | 2020-09-29 | Cellulose Material Solutions, LLC | Packaging insulation products and methods of making and using same |
US11078007B2 (en) | 2016-06-27 | 2021-08-03 | Cellulose Material Solutions, LLC | Thermoplastic packaging insulation products and methods of making and using same |
CN109083165B (zh) * | 2018-09-29 | 2020-10-16 | 沈阳建筑大学 | 在锚杆或锚索锚固段中发泡自碎型水泥砂浆的使用方法 |
CN109231952A (zh) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-01-18 | 沈阳建筑大学 | 基于磁热激发的发泡自碎型混凝土、制备方法及其应用 |
CN109250985A (zh) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-01-22 | 沈阳建筑大学 | 基于磁热激发的发泡自碎型水泥砂浆、制备方法及其应用 |
CN109250984A (zh) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-01-22 | 沈阳建筑大学 | 一种基于微波激发的发泡自碎型混凝土的使用方法 |
CN109231951B (zh) * | 2018-09-29 | 2021-04-27 | 沈阳建筑大学 | 一种基于磁热激发的发泡自碎型混凝土的使用方法 |
EP4509483A1 (de) * | 2023-08-18 | 2025-02-19 | Erlus Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur herstellung eines gebrannten grobkeramischen formkörpers unter verwendung von elektromagnetischer strahlung mit einer frequenz von 300 mhz bis 300 ghz |
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DE3440252A1 (de) * | 1984-11-03 | 1986-05-15 | Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt | Formkoerper aus silikatischem material, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und verwendung |
US5338349A (en) | 1992-08-27 | 1994-08-16 | Firecomp, Inc. | Fire resistant and high temperature insulating composition |
KR100646146B1 (ko) * | 1997-12-16 | 2007-03-02 | 스미또모 가가꾸 가부시끼가이샤 | 진공단열재 |
JPH11182781A (ja) * | 1997-12-16 | 1999-07-06 | Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd | 真空断熱材 |
JP3513143B2 (ja) | 2002-06-06 | 2004-03-31 | 松下冷機株式会社 | 真空断熱材、および真空断熱材を用いた冷蔵庫 |
TW593919B (en) * | 2002-05-31 | 2004-06-21 | Matsushita Refrigeration | Vacuum heat insulating material and method for producing the same, and refrigerator using the vacuum heat insulating material |
JP3580315B1 (ja) | 2004-02-04 | 2004-10-20 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | 真空断熱材とその製造方法、真空断熱材を具備する保温保冷機器、および断熱ボード |
CN1657282A (zh) | 2004-02-04 | 2005-08-24 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | 真空绝热材料及其制造方法、保温保冷设备、以及绝热板 |
JP3856008B2 (ja) * | 2004-04-16 | 2006-12-13 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | 真空断熱材の製造方法 |
CN101454148B (zh) * | 2006-05-31 | 2013-10-23 | 尤尼弗瑞克斯I有限责任公司 | 支承绝热板 |
JP2008230866A (ja) * | 2007-03-16 | 2008-10-02 | Daicel Chem Ind Ltd | 空隙形成剤及び多孔質成形体 |
JP5672891B2 (ja) * | 2010-09-17 | 2015-02-18 | 富士電機株式会社 | 真空断熱材及びその製造方法 |
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WO2013031624A1 (ja) | 2013-03-07 |
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