JP5781274B2 - Air conditioning control system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an air conditioning control system.

  In an air conditioning system such as a building, air conditioning control different from the interior zone is adopted in order to maintain the comfort of the perimeter zone affected by solar radiation. For example, Patent Literature 1 discloses an air conditioning system that determines the supply air temperature according to the amount of solar radiation. Patent Document 2 discloses that when the deviation between the room temperature and the set temperature exceeds a predetermined value, the control mode of the perimeter air conditioner during the skin load operation is switched, and the perimeter air conditioner cooperates with the interior air conditioner. An air conditioning system is disclosed in which the room temperature is set to a set temperature by operation. Patent Document 3 discloses an air conditioning system in which the temperature setting of the perimeter zone is reduced by one step from the temperature setting of the interior zone.

JP 2004-125288 A JP 2000-234781 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-288380

  The amount of heat in the perimeter zone is likely to change according to the angle and amount of light emitted by the sun. Therefore, in order to maintain the comfort of the perimeter zone, it is desirable to perform air conditioning control according to solar radiation. However, if the temperature difference between the air supplied to the interior zone and the air supplied to the perimeter zone is large, the mixing loss of the air conditioning is large.

  This invention is made in view of such a subject, and provides the control system of the air conditioning which reduces the mixing loss of the air conditioning between an interior zone and a perimeter zone, maintaining the comfort of a perimeter zone. Is an issue.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, in the present invention, the control amount of air conditioning in the perimeter zone that is controlled based on the outside air temperature and the amount of solar radiation is corrected according to the set room temperature of the interior zone.

  Specifically, it is a control system for controlling the air conditioning of a building, the control means for controlling the air conditioning of the perimeter zone of the building based on the measured outside air temperature and the amount of solar radiation, and the set room temperature of the interior zone of the building And a correction unit that corrects the air-conditioning control amount of the perimeter zone controlled by the control unit.

  In the above control system, the air conditioning of the perimeter zone is controlled by the outside air temperature and the amount of solar radiation that have a great influence on the environment of the perimeter zone. Although the outside air temperature and the amount of solar radiation are not parameters that capture the environment of the perimeter zone, they are parameters that change the environment of the perimeter zone. Therefore, in the above control system, the comfort of the perimeter zone is maintained by performing feedforward control of the air conditioning of the perimeter zone using the outside air temperature and the amount of solar radiation.

Here, when controlling the air conditioning in the perimeter zone with the outside air temperature and the amount of solar radiation, it is less affected by disturbances such as the outside air temperature and the amount of solar radiation than when controlling the perimeter zone to have a constant room temperature. There may be a temperature difference between the zone and the perimeter zone. Therefore, in the above control system, the air conditioning control amount determined based on the outside air temperature and the amount of solar radiation is set to the room temperature set in the interior zone while the outside air temperature and the amount of solar radiation are the main control parameters for the air conditioning control of the perimeter zone. Correct accordingly. This reduces the air-conditioning mixing loss due to the temperature difference between the perimeter zone and the interior zone while enjoying the comfort of the perimeter zone brought about by feedforward control based on outside air temperature and solar radiation. it can.

  The control means calculates the correlation between the temperature of the air supplied to the perimeter zone and the outside air temperature so that the temperature of the air supplied to the perimeter zone is maintained at a predetermined temperature. The air conditioning of the perimeter zone is controlled so that the temperature is determined based on a predetermined map determined in accordance with the outside air temperature and the actually measured value of the solar radiation amount, and the correction means is configured so that the perimeter zone has the set room temperature. The control amount of air conditioning in the perimeter zone controlled by the control means may be corrected according to the difference between the predetermined temperature and the set room temperature.

  By controlling the perimeter zone based on the predetermined map, the influence of the solar radiation amount and the outside temperature, which are major factors that change the environment of the perimeter zone, is eliminated. The control amount of air conditioning in the perimeter zone determined by such a predetermined map is corrected according to the set temperature of the interior zone, thereby mixing air conditioning caused by the temperature difference between the perimeter zone and the interior zone. Loss can be reduced.

  In addition, when the interior zone adjacent to the perimeter zone where the air conditioning is controlled based on one control amount can be set individually for each region in the interior zone, the correction means sets an average. The control amount of the air conditioning of the perimeter zone controlled by the control means is corrected according to the set room temperature of the room temperature, the maximum set room temperature, the minimum set room temperature, or the set room temperature of each person's set room temperature. You may do.

  If the room temperature can be set individually for each area in the interior zone, the temperature between the perimeter zone and the interior zone is corrected by correcting the air conditioning control amount of the perimeter zone according to any of the above set room temperatures. The mixing loss of the air conditioning caused by the difference can be reduced.

  Mixing loss of air conditioning between the interior zone and the perimeter zone is reduced while maintaining the comfort of the perimeter zone.

It is a block diagram of the control system of an air conditioning. It is the figure which showed the position of the solar radiation sensor. It is the figure which showed the specific floor in a building. It is a schematic diagram of an air-conditioning system. It is the map which defined the relationship between supply air temperature and external temperature for every presence or absence of solar radiation. It is the map which defined the relationship between supply air temperature and external temperature for every solar radiation amount. It is a block diagram of a process at the time of determining supply air temperature. It is the figure which showed the area | region which can change the room temperature setting in an interior zone mutually independently.

FIG. 1 shows the configuration of an air conditioning control system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The control system 1
As shown in FIG. 1, a control unit 2, an outside air temperature sensor 3, and a solar radiation sensor group 4 are provided.

The control unit 2 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 5, a storage device 6 having a hard disk, a memory, and the like, an input device 7 to which a keyboard and a mouse are connected to receive user operations, a display device 8 such as a liquid crystal display, sensors, An input / output interface 9 to which air conditioning equipment is connected is provided.

  A building to which the control system 1 is applied is shown in FIG. In the building 10 to which the control system 1 is applied, as shown in FIG. 2, the solar radiation sensor group 4 is installed on the roof. As shown in FIG. 2, the solar radiation sensor group 4 is installed on the top of the outer wall surface where the amount of solar radiation can change according to the direction of the sun and weather conditions. In this embodiment, the north side, the east side, the south side, and the west side The solar radiation sensor 4N, the solar radiation sensor 4E, the solar radiation sensor 4S, and the solar radiation sensor 4W are installed in the top part of the outer wall surface. In addition, the solar radiation sensor group 4 may be installed in any location as long as the solar radiation amount of the outer wall surface can be measured, and is not limited to the mode of being installed on the roof of the building 10. As apparent from FIG. 2, on the outer wall surface of the building 10, a portion that is exposed to the sun and a portion that is not applied are generated depending on the direction of the sun and weather conditions.

  FIG. 3 is a view showing a specific floor in the building 10. As shown in FIG. 3, for example, each floor in the building 10 is divided into four blocks (blocks 1 to 4). The air conditioning system of the building 10 includes an interior air conditioner that adjusts the air in the interior zone of each block, and a perimeter air conditioner that adjusts the air in the perimeter zone set on the window side of each block. The interior air conditioner and the perimeter air conditioner are air handling units installed in the machine room, etc., and supply air temperature is a damper that is installed in the flow rate of cold / hot water, the rotation speed of the air conditioning fan, the return air passage, and the outside air intake passage. Control with at least one of the opening degrees.

  FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the air conditioning system of the building 10. As shown in FIG. 4, the air sent from the interior air conditioner 11 is supplied to the interior zone of each floor. Moreover, the air sent from the perimeter air conditioner 12 is supplied to the perimeter zone of each floor. The electric fans 13 and 14 of the interior air conditioner 11 and the perimeter air conditioner 12 perform a wide range of variable speed operations by adjusting the supply voltage and frequency by a V / F controlled inverter.

In the middle of the air duct through which air sent from the interior air conditioner 11 flows to the interior zone, a damper 15 for adjusting the air volume for controlling the temperature of the interior zone by the VAV (Variable Air Volume) system is provided. Each damper 15 is feedback controlled so that the actual temperature of the interior zone matches the target temperature of the interior zone (hereinafter referred to as interior set temperature) arbitrarily set. That is, each damper 15 increases its opening degree so that the air volume increases when the temperature difference between the actual temperature in the interior zone and the interior set temperature is large, and opens so that the air volume decreases when the temperature difference is small. Reduce the degree. The interior set temperature is a value arbitrarily set by a person in the room and can be changed by a controller (not shown) provided in the room. The air sent from the interior air conditioner 11 and blown out into the interior zone blows out from a plurality of outlets provided on the ceiling. In the interior zone, a plurality of VAV zones in which set temperatures can be individually set are set, and the air volume at each outlet may be adjusted for each VAV zone.

On the other hand, an air volume adjustment damper for controlling by the VAV method is not provided in the middle of an air duct through which air sent from the perimeter air conditioner 12 to the perimeter zone flows. The temperature of the air supply to the perimeter zone is controlled by changing the amount of cold / hot water flowing through the perimeter air conditioner. Unlike the interior zone which is not affected by the outside of the building, the perimeter zone is a wall near the outer wall of the building. Since the perimeter zone is easily affected by outside air and solar radiation, air conditioning control different from the interior zone is performed.

  The air volume sent to the perimeter zone is determined as follows. First, a supply air temperature difference at the peak load with respect to an assumed average interior zone set temperature is set. And the air volume which can be processed by the return air temperature difference which set the heat load at the peak time is selected. Let the selected air volume be the air volume sent from the perimeter air conditioner 12 to the perimeter zone. For example, it is assumed that the set temperature of the assumed average interior zone is 25 ° C., and the temperature difference of the return air is set to 10 ° C., for example. The air volume in this case is an air volume that can handle the heat load at the peak time with a 10 ° C. supply air difference. For example, at the summer peak time, an air volume capable of processing the heat load with air having a supply air temperature of 15 ° C., which is a difference of 10 ° C. with respect to the interior room setting room temperature of 25 ° C. is selected. The air volume to be selected, the return air temperature difference to be set, and the assumed room temperature are changed according to the heat insulation performance of the building 10A, the assumed amount of solar radiation, the performance of the air conditioner, and the like.

Air conditioning control of the perimeter zone is performed as follows. The heat load in the perimeter zone mainly consists of the sum of the following four elements.
1: Window solar radiation load due to solar radiation amount and outside air temperature 2: Outer wall through-flow load (The heat transfer coefficient uses design values, for example)
3: Internal heat generation (outlet, lighting load, for example, use the design value per unit area)
4: Human body load, outside air load (in this embodiment, it is set to 0. When calculating the design load, the sensible heat load is calculated)

  The heat load in the perimeter zone is greatly influenced by the solar radiation load from the window and the through-flow load on the outer wall. Therefore, air conditioning control of the perimeter zone is sensitive to changes in the outside air temperature and the amount of solar radiation, and realizing quick control leads to improvement of the thermal environment of the perimeter zone. Therefore, the control system 1 captures external factors such as changes in the outside air temperature and the amount of solar radiation by the outside air temperature sensor 3 and the solar radiation sensor group 4 and performs feedforward control, so that these external factors are converted into the temperature of the perimeter zone. Control the air conditioning system so as not to affect it.

When the computer program for executing the air conditioning control is executed, the control system 1 determines the supply temperature of the air to be sent to each perimeter zone based on the map shown in FIG. The map shown in FIG. 5 is created in advance and stored in the storage device 6. In the present embodiment, as shown in the map of FIG. 5, the relationship between the outside air temperature and the supply air temperature is defined by a linear function. When the horizontal axis is x and the vertical axis is y, there is no solar radiation. y = −0.2942x + 32.356, and y = −0.2942x + 27.482 when there is solar radiation. The coefficients of these functions that define the relationship between the outside air temperature and the supply air temperature vary depending on the heat insulation performance of the building 10, the performance of the air conditioning system, the assumed weather conditions, and the like. Each coefficient is determined based on the following equation.
(Supply temperature) = (Assumed room temperature)-(Temperature difference)
(Temperature difference) = (Load due to solar radiation and outside air temperature) ÷ (Selected air volume)

Here, the control system 1 defines the relationship between the temperature of the air (supply temperature) sent to each perimeter zone set on all floors and the outside temperature, as shown in the above formula, The amount of solar radiation is used in determining In the map shown in FIG. 5, in defining the relationship between the supply air temperature and the outside air temperature, the relationship is divided into two cases, when there is solar radiation and when there is no solar radiation. The correlation between the supply air temperature and the outside air temperature may be finely defined for each amount of solar radiation as shown in FIG. In the map shown in FIG. 6, the correlation between the supply air temperature and the outside air temperature is defined based on the following equation. Each coefficient is determined based on the above formula.
Solar radiation amount 0 (W / m ² ): y = −0.2942x + 32.356
Solar radiation 50 (W / m ² ): y = −0.2942x + 31.826
Solar radiation amount 100 (W / m ² ): y = −0.2942x + 30.658
Solar radiation amount 200 (W / m ² ): y = −0.2942x + 29.599
Solar radiation 300 (W / m ² ): y = −0.2942x + 28.540
Solar radiation amount 400 (W / m ² ): y = −0.2942x + 27.482

  By the way, as already stated, the solar radiation which hits the outer wall surface of the building 10 differs according to the direction of the sun and weather conditions. Therefore, when determining the supply air temperature, the control system 1 determines a function to be referred to on the map based on the presence or absence of solar radiation in each perimeter zone specified by the solar radiation sensor group 4. That is, when the control system 1 determines that there is solar radiation in the perimeter zone by the solar radiation sensor group 4 when determining the air supply temperature of a specific perimeter zone, the outside air temperature and air supply when there is solar radiation are detected. A value determined based on the map defining the correlation with the temperature and the actual outside air temperature is determined as the supply air temperature to the perimeter zone. Further, if the control system 1 detects that there is no solar radiation in the perimeter zone, the control system 1 determines based on a map that defines the correlation between the outside air temperature and the supply air temperature when there is no solar radiation and the actual outside air temperature. The obtained value is determined as the supply air temperature to the perimeter zone.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 2, it is assumed that solar radiation hits the south and west outer walls of the building 10 and does not hit the north and east outer walls. In this case, the control system 1 determines the actual outside air temperature and the above map when there is solar radiation for the air supply temperature of the perimeter zones 1-2, 3-2, 3-1, 4-1 on each floor of the building 10. Is determined as the supply air temperature. On the other hand, the control system 1 determines the actual outside air temperature and the above map when there is no solar radiation amount for the air supply temperature of the perimeter zones 1-1, 2-1, 2-2, 4-2 on each floor of the building 10. Is determined as the set value of the supply air temperature.

  Here, the control system 1 adds the following processing to the determined set value of the supply air temperature. A block diagram of the processing performed by the control system 1 is shown in FIG. After determining the set value of the supply air temperature, the control system 1 inputs the determined set value to the subtracter C1, as shown in FIG. In the subtracter C1, the temperature of the air (actual supply air temperature) sent from the perimeter air conditioner 12 to the perimeter zone is input as a subtraction value. For this reason, the subtracter C1 outputs a difference between the actual supply air temperature and the set value of the supply air temperature determined by the control system 1. And the control system 1 calculates the operation amount C4 by the calculator C2 based on the output of the subtractor C1, and the indoor setting value C3. Here, the indoor set value C3 input to the computing unit C2 is the difference between the set value of the room temperature of the interior zone with respect to 25 ° C., which is the temperature target value of the perimeter zone assumed by the control system 1, for example, If the room temperature of the interior zone is set to 23 ° C., a value of −2 ° C. is input to the computing unit C2 as the room temperature set value C3. As a result, the opening degree of the cold / hot water flow rate adjustment valve of the perimeter air conditioner 12 is adjusted according to the operation amount C4 determined by the control system 1, and the supply air temperature to the perimeter zone is changed.

As described above, the map shown in FIG. 5 or FIG. 6 defines the relationship between the amount of solar radiation and the supply air temperature when the temperature target value of the perimeter zone is 25 ° C. Therefore, when the indoor set value C3 is not taken into account in the feedback loop shown in FIG. 7, the temperature of the perimeter zone is controlled to be always constant (25 ° C.) regardless of the set value of the room temperature of the interior zone. As a result, although the comfort of the perimeter zone is always kept constant regardless of changes in the amount of solar radiation, when the room temperature setting of the interior zone is far from the temperature of the perimeter zone, it is between the interior zone and the perimeter zone. Large air conditioning mixing loss. However, according to the present control system 1, in the feedback loop for determining the operation amount C4 from the set value of the supply air temperature determined based on the amount of solar radiation and the map, the deviation between the room temperature setting of the interior zone and the temperature of the perimeter zone Therefore, the air conditioning mixing loss due to the temperature difference between the interior zone and the perimeter zone is eliminated. Also,
It is possible to eliminate the uncomfortable feeling caused by the temperature difference between the interior zone and the perimeter zone, which is felt by people in the perimeter zone.

  By the way, when the room temperature can be individually set for each area in the interior zone, the control amount of air conditioning in the perimeter zone is corrected as follows. For example, it is assumed that the room temperature setting in the interior zone can be set for each region as shown in FIG. FIG. 8 shows an area in which the room temperature setting in the interior zone can be changed independently of each other using the block 4 as an example. For example, it is assumed that there are six controllers for setting the temperature of the interior zone, and the room temperatures can be individually set for the regions 1 to 6. In this case, the indoor set value C3 input to the calculator C2 is determined as follows.

  For example, in the case of the perimeter 4-1, the region 5 and the region 6 in the adjacent interior zones are in contact with the perimeter 4-1, and the other regions (regions 1 to 4) are not in contact. In particular, in the region 5, the portion in contact with the perimeter 4-1 is larger than the region 6. Therefore, the weight of the indoor set value C3 of each area to be input to the computing unit C2 is determined according to the degree of influence on the control target perimeter. That is, in the example shown in FIG. 8, regarding the perimeter 4-1, the regions 1 to 4 are regarded as having almost no influence, and the weighting coefficient is minimized. In addition, the weighting coefficient is increased for region 5 and smaller than region 5 for region 6.

For example, it is assumed that the degree of influence (weight) that the temperature setting of each region has on the perimeter 4-1 is defined as follows. The total value of the weights of each region is set to 1, for example.
(Regions 1 to 4) = (0.05); (region 5) = (0.6); (region 6) = (0.2)
In addition, it is assumed that the temperature setting of each area is set as follows by the floor occupant.
(Region 1) = (23.0 ° C.): (Region 2) = (24.0 ° C.): (Region 3) = (24.5 ° C.): (Region 4) = (25.0 ° C.) :( Region 5) = (25.0 ° C.): (region 6) = (23.0 ° C.)

In this case, the control system 1 sets the indoor set value C3 input to the computing unit C2 as a total value of values obtained by multiplying the weights for each region. That is, in the above example, the room temperature set value C3 is calculated as follows.
(Room temperature setting C3)
= (Area 1 weight) × (area 1 set room temperature) + (area 2 weight) × (area 2 set room temperature) + (area 3 weight) × (area 3 set room temperature) + (area 4 (Weight) × (area 4 set room temperature) + (area 5 weight) × (area 5 set room temperature) + (area 6 weight) × (area 6 set room temperature) = (0.05) × (23. 0) + (0.05) × (24.0) + (0.05) × (24.5) + (0.05) × (25.0) + (0.6) × (25.0) + (0.2) × (23.0)
= (24.425)

  In this way, when room temperature can be set individually for each area in the interior zone, the room temperature setting for each area used for correcting the control amount of air conditioning in the perimeter zone according to the degree of influence that affects air conditioning in the perimeter zone Determine the weight of. By determining the indoor set value C3 to be input to the computing unit C2 in this way, it is possible to reduce the air conditioning loss at the boundary between the perimeter zone and the interior zone and the sense of discomfort felt by the occupants.

Note that the room setting value C3 input to the calculator C2 when the room temperature can be individually set for each area within the interior zone is not limited to such weighting. For example, for each area, An average value, maximum value, and minimum value of the set room temperature may be used, or a set room temperature in a region where a person is present may be used in combination with a human sensor.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the control system 1 uses the maps shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 instead of correcting the manipulated variable C4 based on the deviation between the temperature setting of the interior zone and the temperature of the perimeter zone. Many maps may be prepared for each temperature, and the map to be referred to may be switched according to the target perimeter zone temperature. Further, the control system 1 may execute the control process corresponding to the solar radiation only during the daytime when the solar radiation can exist, for example. The measurement cycle when measuring solar radiation is appropriately determined according to the rate of change of solar radiation and the multiplier of the influence of feedforward control on air conditioning control. Moreover, in the said embodiment and modification, each floor is divided | segmented into 4 blocks, However, You may divide into 3 or less blocks or 5 or more blocks. Moreover, these divisions may differ from each other on each floor.

1. Control system 2. Control unit 4. Solar radiation sensor group 10. Building 11. Interior air conditioner 12. Perimeter air conditioner

Claims (2)

A control system for controlling the air conditioning of a building,
Control means for controlling the air conditioning of the perimeter zone according to the temperature of the air supplied to the perimeter zone of the building determined based on the measured outside air temperature and the amount of solar radiation;
In accordance with the set room temperature of the interior zone of the building, the control amount of the air conditioning of the perimeter zone controlled by the control means is reduced so as to reduce the temperature difference between the air supply to the interior zone of the building and the air supply to the perimeter zone. and a correcting means for correcting the,
The control means determines the correlation between the temperature of the air supplied to the perimeter zone and the outside air temperature according to the amount of solar radiation so that the temperature of the air supplied to the perimeter zone is maintained at a predetermined temperature. Control the air conditioning of the perimeter zone so that the temperature is determined based on the predetermined map determined in accordance with the outside air temperature and the actually measured amount of solar radiation,
The correction means corrects the air conditioning control amount of the perimeter zone controlled by the control means according to the difference between the predetermined temperature and the set room temperature so as to reduce the temperature difference.
Air conditioning control system. When the interior zone adjacent to the perimeter zone where the air conditioning is controlled based on one control amount can be set individually for each region in the interior zone, the correction means can set an average set room temperature, Correcting the control amount of air conditioning of the perimeter zone controlled by the control means according to any set room temperature of the maximum set room temperature, the minimum set room temperature, and the set room temperature of the area where a person is present among each set room temperature,
The air conditioning control system according to claim 1 .

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